10 hafta uygulanan kor antrenman programı sonucunda elde edilen bulgulara genel olarak baktığımızda:
Kor antrenman sürat ve çeviklik testlerini etkilememiştir.
Atletik performans testlerinden yalnızca aktif sıçrama testinde görülen gruplar arası farklılık deney gurubundaki gelişimden kaynaklanmaktadır.
Atletik performans testlerinden squat sıçrama ve aktif sıçrama testlerinde deney grubu grup içi(ilk-son test) skorunu arttırmıştır. Diğer sürat testlerinde kontrol grubunda ortaya çıkan grup içi farklılık son test puanındaki gerilemeden kaynaklıdır.
Kor performans testlerinden mekik testi ve plank testlerinde ortaya çıkan gruplar arası farklılık, deney grubunun skorunu arttırması sebebiyledir.
Şınav testinde her iki grupta skorlarını anlamlı şekilde geliştirirken, gruplar arası farklılık ortaya çıkmamıştır.
Denge ölçümlerinin hemen hepsinde deney grubu daha fazla gelişim gösterse de sadece bazılarında (Statik Çift Ayak A, Dinamik Çift Ayak PL ve Dinamik Çift Ayak A) skorunu kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel olarak daha fazla arttırmıştır.
Genel olarak kor antrenmanın denge performansını arttırdığı söylenebilir.
Kor antrenmanın kor performans testlerine etkisi genel olarak kontrol grubuna göre daha belirgindir.
Her ne kadar kor antrenman yalnızca bir atletik performans ölçümünde kontrol grubuna göre daha fazla gelişim sağlasa da, performans ölçümlerine olumlu yansıması bu çalışmada ortaya çıkmıştır denilemez.
Kor antrenmanların, atletik performansa doğrudan katkısı ile ilgili az kanıt olmasına rağmen, bu programlar çoğu kuvvet-kondisyon programın temel dayanağıdır. Kor antrenman programların etkilerinin kapsamlı bir şekilde incelenmesinde bazı zorluklar mevcuttur. Kor egzersizler antrenman programları içerisinde uygulanan, tek başına (izole) pek uygulanmayan egzersizlerdir. Yapılmış çalışmaların çoğu öğrencilerde, sedanter yetişkinlerde yapılmıştır. Çalışmaların daha çok elit seviyedeki sporcularda ve çocuklarda yapılması gerekmektedir. Özellikle tenis branşında kor egzersiz ve performansın ilişkisini inceleyen çalışmaların azlığı dikkat çekmektedir. Genel anlamda yetişkinlere oranla çocuklarda kas hipertrofisi sınırlıdır [209-210, 305]. Ancak MRI kullanılarak yapılan
çalışmalar teniste servis atışı sırasında kullanılan dominant kolda diğer kola oranla profesyonel tenisçilerde olduğu gibi hipertrofide asimetrik gelişim görülmektedir [211-212, 306]. İçerisinde asimetrik gelişimler ve kuvvet farklılıkları içeren tenis branşında, yapılabilecek güncel çalışmalarda kinetik zincir faktörünü göz ardı etmemek faydalı olabilir. Zeminden alınan kuvvet tüm kinetik zincir segmentlerinden rakete kadar taşınır. Bu zincirlerden herhangi birisinde var olan eksiklik hareket verimini düşürürken aynı zamanda sakatlıklara sebep olabilmektedir [58]. Kinetik zincirde karşılaşılabilecek sorunlar:
• Kinetik zincir bölümlerinden herhangi birisinde eksiklik olması (ayakta içe-dışa basma olması zemin reaksiyon kuvvetini düşürebilir gibi)
• Kuvvet üretiminde verimin düşük olması • Zayıf senkronizasyon
• Vücudun herhangi bir bölümünün gereksiz yere zincire katılması, olarak sıralanabilir. Kor bölgesinde bulunan kaslar alt ekstremitedeki kuvvetin üst ekstremiteye aktarılmasında yüksek öneme sahiptir ve kinetik zincirin önemli bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Kor stabilizasyon, kişinin gövde stabilizasyonuna yardımcı olarak, kinetik zincir aktivasyonu süresince kuvvetin üretimi, kontrolü ve transferinde aktif rol alır [165, 214, 307-308]. Bu bağlamda kor egzersiz planlamasının branşlara özgü kinetik zincir hareketleriyle beraber uygulanması en azından kinetik zincirdeki aksaklıkların giderildikten sonra bu tür egzersizlerin yapılması faydalı olabilir.
Kor egzersiz ile ilgili daha önce yapılmış çalışmalara göz attığımızda 1TM(1 tekrarlı maksimal), 40 metre sürat gibi genel ölçümlerle kor stabilizasyonun ilişkisinin incelendiği görülür [24, 290, 309]. Yaptığımız çalışmada 11-15 yaş arası tenisçilerde kor antrenman programının sürat, kuvvet, denge ve çeviklik üzerine etkisi incelenmiştir. Özellikle squat sıçrama ve aktif sıçramada guruplar arası anlamlı farklılık bulunmasa da deney gurubu içerisinde anlamlı bir gelişme görülmüştür. Zemine karşı uygulanan reaksiyon kuvvetinin kinetik zincirle aktarıldığı bu test türünde kor antrenmanı uygulayan gurupta gelişme olması hareketin biyomekaniğine uygun bir sonuçtur. Diğer taraftan mekik ve plank test ölçümlerinde guruplar arası anlamlı farklılık olması beklenen bir sonuçtur. Kor antrenman programının kor bölgesi kaslarda kuvveti ve dayanıklılığı artırması normaldir. Statik ve dinamik test ölçümlerinde deney gurubunda statik çift ayak ölçümünde salınımla kat edilen mesafenin sahip olduğu alanın azalmasında, dinamik çift ayak ölçümünde ise hem salınımla
kat edilen mesafenin hem de salınımla kat edilen mesafenin alanının azalmasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Uygulanan antrenman programının deney gurubundaki katılımcıların denge özelliğinde olumlu gelişme gösterdiğini söyleyebiliriz. Ancak yaptığımız çalışmada sürat, çeviklik gibi özelliklerde gelişme sağlanmamıştır. Sporcularda performansın artırılabilmesi için postural bozuklukların, kinetik zinciri bozan faktörlerin tespit edilip bunların düzeltici egzersizlerle iyileştirilmesinin ardından stabilizasyon ve kuvvet antrenmanlarının yapılması, kuvvet asimetrilerinin giderilmesi hem sporcu sakatlıklarının önlenmesinde hem de sporcu performansının artırılmasında kilit rol oynayabilir.
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