Mehmet ÖZSA‹T
bulunmufltur. Bölgede az görülen bu kutsal alan üzerin-deki çal›flmalar sürdürülmektedir.
Karamanl›’n›n 7 km. kuzey-do¤usunda yer alan Ka¤›lc›k Köyü ve yak›n çevresi ayr›nt›l› olarak incelenmifltir. Bura-da tahrip edilen ve ‹lk Tunç Ça¤’Bura-dan Roma Ça¤›’na kaBura-dar buluntular veren Ka¤›lc›k Höyük (‹TÇ+DÇ+Roma ve Geç Antik Ça¤) d›fl›nda, köyün kuzey-do¤usunda Kale-cik Alt› (DÇ+Geç Roma Ça¤›) ve güneyinde Pazar Tepe-si’nde (=Keflkek Tepesi) Tunç Ça¤› ve Roma Ça¤› yerlefl-meleri (Res. 1) ve Pazar Tepesi yerleflmesinin yer ald›¤›
da¤›n kuzey eteklerinde Dibek Tafl› ad› da verilen kesi-minde, ana kayaya oyulmufl, k›r›lm›fl kaya lahit mezar-lar› ve üst k›sm› k›r›lm›fl, olas›l›kla bir kartala ait oldu¤u anlafl›lan, iki pençeli gövde kal›nt›s› görülmüfltür. Bunlar üzerinde çal›flmalar sürdürülmektedir.
Karamanl› ‹lçesi’nin 13 km. güneydo¤usunda yer alan Kayal› Köyü’nün güneydo¤usunda, Kocap›nar Da¤›’n›n bat› uzant›s›nda, Befliktepe ve onun karfl›s›ndaki s›rtta daha önce tespit edilen Kayal› I ve Kayal› II olarak adlan-d›r›lan iki ‹lk Tunç Ça¤› yerleflmesinin tar›m nedeniyle hayli tahrip edildi¤i tespit edilmifltir.
‹lçenin do¤usunda yer alan Karatafl Gölü’nün güney k›y›-s›nda, önceki y›llarda tespit etti¤imiz Yenice Höyük yeniden incelenmifltir. Bir Son Neolitik-‹lk Kalkolitik Ça¤ yerleflmesi olan Yenice Höyük, baraj yolu yap›m›
s›ras›nda güneyinden toprak al›narak tahrip edilmiflti.
Ayn› zamanda, K›lavuzlar Köyü’ne giden tarla yolunun üzerinden geçti¤i Yenice Höyü¤ün ‹.Ö I. biny›l› yerlefl-melerinin bulundu¤u kuzey kesimi de, son y›llarda geniflleyen Karatafl Gölü’nün sular› alt›nda kalm›flt›r.
Tefenni ‹lçe araflt›rmalar›nda öncelikle, daha önce arkeo-loji literatürüne geçmifl olan Yuvalak Köyü kaya kabart-malar› ve köyün çevresindeki di¤er kaya kabartkabart-malar›
da incelenmifl, ölçüleri al›nm›fl ve resimleri çekilmifltir.
Köyün 1 km. kadar kuzeybat›s›nda bulunan Büyük ve Küçük Asar olarak bilinen yerler araflt›r›lm›fl, bunlardan
area known as Veyselin Tafl› or Gedikyap›, to the east of Karamanl› Dam. About 200 meters to the northwest of this site are, we discovered, the remains of a cult centre for Cybele and we continue our work on this sanctuary, a rare example in this region.
Ka¤›lc›k village and its environs, located 7 km to the northeast of Karamanl› were surveyed in detail. Besides the Ka¤›lc›k Höyük here, destroyed and yielding finds from the EBA through the Roman Period (EBA + IA + Roman and Late Antiquity); the Kalecik Alt› Bronze Age and Roman Period settlements (IA + Late Roman) to the northeast of the village, Bronze Age and Roman Period settlements at Pazar Tepesi (Keflkek Tepesi) to the south of the village, and remains of a sculpture of a body with two claws, probably belonging to an eagle, whose up-per part hade been broken off, as well as broken rock-cut sarcophagi in the Dibek Tafl› area on the northern slopes of the mountain where the Pazar Tepesi settle-ment is located. Our studies of these finds continue.
Two EBA settlements had been identified earlier and named as Kayal› I and II on the ridge opposite and on Befliktepe, on the western extension of the Kocap›nar Mountain to the southeast of Kayal› village, 13 km south-east of Karamanl› town centre. It has been observed that these two sites were significantly damaged due to agri-cultural activity.
We reinvestigated the Yenice Höyük, which we had iden-tified in a past survey, on the south coast of Lake Karatafl to the east of the town centre. Yenice Höyük, a settle-ment of Late Neolithic-Early Chalcolithic Periods, was destroyed by earth removal from the south side during the construction of the road for the dam. Moreover, the field road to K›lavuzlar village crosses over this mound and in recent years, the northern part of the mound with its 1st millennium BC settlements was flooded by Lake Karatafl which has been further filling with water.
Res. 1 Ka¤›lc›k, Kalecik Alt›’ndan Pazar Tepesi ve Dibek Tafl› mevkii Fig. 1
Pazar Tepesi and the Dibek Tafl› area from Ka¤›lc›k, Kalecik Alt›.
Büyük Asar üzerinde Roma Ça¤› yerleflmesine ait kera-mikler görülmüfltür. Ayn› flekilde Tefenni çevresinde, 19. yy.’›n sonlar›ndan beri bilinen, Tefenni kaya kabart-malar› incelenmifl, çal›flmas› yap›lm›flt›r.
‹lçenin 15 km. kadar güneydo¤usunda yer alan Baflp›nar Köyü araflt›r›lm›fl, burada, köyün 500 m. kuzeydo¤usun-da bulunan Akin Da¤›’n›n eteklerindeki bir kaya yüzüne alçak kabartma fleklinde yap›lm›fl bir kaya kabartmas›-n›n tahrip edildi¤ini görülmüfltür.
Tefenni ‹lçesi’nin 13 km. kadar güneydo¤usunda yer alan Çayl› Köyü araflt›r›lm›fl, burada, Çayl› Köyü’nün 8 km. kadar güneydo¤usundaki, Yellik Yaylas›’nda, bir Roma Ça¤› yerleflmesinin yan› s›ra, çok genifl bir alana yay›lm›fl olan bir Nekropol bulunmufltur (Res. 2). ‹nce-lemelerimizde, Roma Ça¤›’na ait oldu¤unu
gördü-¤ümüz lahitlerin önemli bir k›sm› tahrip edilmifl durum-dad›r.
Daha önceki y›llarda tespit etti¤imiz ve yay›nlad›¤›m›z, Burdur’un 75 km. güneybat›s›nda, Tefenni’nin 8 km.
güneydo¤usunda yer alan Seydiler Köyü’nün 2 km.
kuzeybat›s›ndaki Seydiler Höyü¤ü (SN-‹lk Kalkolitik+
‹TÇ+DÇ+Roma) ile Tefenni ‹lçesi’nin 3 km. kuzeyba-t›s›nda, Sazak Köyü’nde yer alan ve Asar Tepe’nin de (SN-‹lk Kalkolitik+‹TÇ+DÇ+Hellenistik-Roma) tahrip edildi¤i görülmüfltür.
Burdur Merkez ‹lçe ve Yeflilova ‹lçesi aras›nda yer alan Yar›fll› Gölü çevresi sistematik olarak araflt›r›lm›fl, bura-da 20. yy.’›n bafl›nbura-dan beri bilinen ve ayn› zamanbura-da tescil de edilmifl olan Dü¤er Büyükada Tepe ve kaya mezar› ile, biri Herakles’e ait olan iki kaya kabartmas›
incelenmifl, fakat ikinci kabartman›n k›r›ld›¤› görülmüfl-tür. Ayr›ca bu kesimde, Yar›fll› Gölü’nün kuzeydo¤u
During our surveys in the township of Tefenni, we first investigated the rock carvings at Yuvarlak village, which are already in the archaeological literature, and other rock carvings around the village, took their measure-ments and photographed them. We surveyed the sites known as Büyük Asar and Küçük Asar, about 1 km north-west of the village and noted Roman potshards at Büyük Asar. We also examined and documented the Tefenni rock carvings, which have been known since the late 19th century.
The village of Baflp›nar, about 15 km southeast of the town centre was also surveyed and it was noted that the rock carving in low-relief on the skirts of Akin Mountain about 500 meters northwest of the village had been damaged.
The village of Çayl›, about 13 km southeast of Tefenni town centre, was surveyed. At Yeylik pastures, ca. 8 km southeast of the village, a Roman settlement, as well as a necropolis extending across a large area were discov-ered (Fig. 2). It was seen that a large group of these Roman sarcophagi had already been destroyed.
Further destruction was also observed and noted at the following sites: the Seydiler Höyü¤ü (LNA + ECA + EBA + IA + Roman) located 2 km northwest of Seydiler village, which is 8 km southeast of Tefenni and 75 km southwest of Burdur, which was previously published by us; and, Asar Tepe (LNA + ECA + EBA + IA + Hellenistic and Roman) in the village of Sazak, 3 km northwest of Tefenni.
The environs of Lake Yar›fll›, between Burdur town centre and Yeflilova were systematically surveyed;
Dü¤er Büyükada Tepe and the rock-tomb and two rock YÜZEY ARAfiTIRMA RAPORLARI SURVEY REPORTS
Res. 2 Yellik Yaylas›
Fig. 2
The Yellik pastures
k›y›s›nda yer alan ve önceki y›llarda tespit etti¤imiz Çall›ca (‹TÇ) ile Ya¤l›yurt (‹TÇ) yerleflmeleri de yeniden incelenmifltir. Çall›ca Kayal›¤›’n›n do¤u ve kuzeydo¤u-sunda 1974 y›l›ndan beri varl›¤›n› bildi¤imiz Tunç Ça¤›
mezarl›¤›n›n tar›m nedeniyle hayli tahrip edildi¤i görül-müfltür.
Yar›fll› Gölü’nün güney k›y›s›nda, Kocap›nar Köyü’nün 1 km. kadar kuzeybat›s›nda, göle bakan kayal›k s›rt üze-rinde Hac›lar tipi boyal› keramik veren bir ‹lk Kalkolitik Ça¤ ve Roma Ça¤› yerleflmesi (Kocap›nar Höyük) tespit edilmifl, buradaki araflt›rmalar›m›z s›ras›nda, Kocap›nar yerleflmesinin hemen güneydo¤usunda yükselen da¤
üzerinde bir ‹lk Tunç Ça¤› ve Roma Ça¤› yerleflmesi (Büyük Asar) daha bulunarak incelenmifltir. ‹flaret
etti-¤imiz her iki yerleflme de, tar›m ve kaçak kaz›larla tah-rip edilmifltir.
Burdur’un 60 km. güneydo¤usunda yer alan Yeflilova
‹lçesi’nin do¤usunda bulunan Sazak, Gençali, Çuvall›
ve Karaatl› köyleri de araflt›r›lm›fl, Sazak Köyü’nün 2 km.
kadar kuzeydo¤usunda önceden tespit etti¤imiz Sazak Höyü¤ü araflt›r›ld›ktan sonra, köyün 3.5 km.
güneydo-¤usunda, Yar›fll› Gölü’nün 1.5 km. güneyinde ve Darm›k Da¤›’n›n kuzey yamac›nda tespit etti¤imiz yerleflmeye mevkiin ad›ndan dolay› Sazak-Köyyeri ismi verilmifltir (Res. 3). Oldukça genifl bir alana yay›ld›¤›n› izledi¤imiz yerleflmenin yüzeyinde iyi bir iflçilik gösteren ‹lk Tunç Ça¤› keramikleri, ayr›ca köy içinde, köy kahvesinin subasman taban›na yerlefltirilmifl bir yaz›t ve göl k›y›s›n-da mimari yap› elemanlar› ile yaz›tl› bir lahit kapa¤›
bulunmufltur.
Yine Darm›k Da¤›’n›n kuzeydo¤u eteklerinde, Çö¤ürlü-Bucak Mevkii’ni, Sar›tafl’›n (Pekmez) önündeki Mehrap Yeri ayr›ca, köy kahvesinin önünde duran yaz›l› tafl›n geldi¤i yer de araflt›r›lm›flt›r. 35 y›l önce Sazak-Kocap›-nar yolu aç›l›rken, yaz›tla birlikte, lahit kapa¤› ve yap›
tafllar› gibi baz› mimari elemanlar›n ‹nceburun Mevkii’n-den ç›kt›¤› ö¤renilmifltir. Bu çevrede yapt›¤›m›z araflt›r-malarda, kayaya oyulmufl k›r›k bir lahit teknesinden baflka kayda de¤er bir buluntuya rastlan›lmam›flt›r.
Yeflilova’n›n Karaatl› Köyü s›n›rlar› içinde, daha önce-den tespit etti¤imiz Düönce-den Höyük, Halkal› (Sar›ca) ve Çuvall› höyükleri yeniden incelenmifltir. Düden ve Hal-kal› höyüklerinin tar›m nedeniyle, kayal›k bir zemin üzerinde kurulmufl olan Çuvall› Höyü¤ün de mermer ç›karmak amac›yla önemli ölçüde tahrip edildi¤i tesbit edilmifltir.
Karaatl› Köyü’nün 1 km. do¤usunda, Çuvall› Köyü’nün ise 3.5 km. kuzeybat›s›nda, Samut Mevkii olarak bilinen kesimde bir ‹lk Tunç Ça¤› yerleflmesi tespit edilmifltir.
carvings - one belonging to Herakles - known since the early 20thcentury and already registered, were exam-ined and it was seen that the second rock carving was now broken. Further, we reinvestigated the Çall›ca (EBA) and Ya¤l›yurt (EBA) settlements, which we had identified on the northeast coast of Lake Yar›fll› in previ-ous years. It was observed that the Bronze Age necrop-olis, which we have known since 1974, on the east and northeast of Çall›ca Rocks, has been considerably destroyed through agricultural activities.
We have identified two settlements on the south coast of the Lake Yar›fll› about 1 km northwest of Kocap›nar village: Kocap›nar Höyük of the Early Chalcolithic and Roman Periods, on the rocky ridge overlooking the lake, has painted ware shards of the Hac›lar type; and, during our work here, Büyük Asar of the EBA and Roman Periods was discovered and surveyed, situated on the mountain rising due southeast of Kocap›nar settlement.
Both sites have been destroyed due to agricultural activ-ity and illegal excavations.
We surveyed the villages of Sazak, Gençali, Çuvall› and Karaali to the east of Yeflilova township, about 60 km southeast of Burdur town centre. Following our research at Sazak Höyü¤ü, which we had previously identified about 2 km northeast of Sazak village, we identified a settlement on the north slope of Darm›k Mountain, 1.5 km south of Lake Yar›fll› and 3.5 km southeast of the village.
Based on the name of the area in which it is located, we named this settlement Sazak-Köyyeri (Fig. 3). EBA pot-shards of fine craftsmanship were noted on the surface in the settlement extending over a wide area; in addi-tion, in the village itself, an inscription reused in the foundation of the village coffeehouse and architectural elements and a sarcophagus lid with an inscription were found on the coast of the lake.
Çögürlü-Bucak area on the northeast slopes of Yarm›k Mountain, and Mehrap Yeri before Sar›tafl (Pekmez) as well as the provenance of the inscribed stone in the village were surveyed. We learned that the sarcophagus lid and various architectural elements together with the inscribed stone were found in the ‹nceburun area during the construction of the Sazak-Kocap›nar road 35 years ago. However, our surveys in this area did not reveal anything other than a broken sarcophagus basin carved from the bedrock.
We resurveyed the Düden Höyük, Halkal› (Sar›ca) and Çuvall› Höyüks, which we had previously identified within the borders of the Karaatl› village of Yeflilova. We noted that the Düden and Halkal› mounds were dam-aged due to agricultural activity while Çuvall› Höyük, which is located on rocky ground, was damaged from marble quarrying.
Bugün de suyu bol olan bir kayna¤›n kuzeyinde yer alan yerleflme, tar›m nedeniyle çok tahrip edilmifltir.
Samut Höyü¤ün 800 m. kadar do¤usunda, Bay›rbafl›
Köyü’nün güneydo¤usundaki da¤l›k s›rtta, Köyyeri deni-len mevkide yine bir ‹lk Tunç Ça¤› yerleflmesi bulunmufl-tur, genifl bir alanda, fakat çok da¤›n›k olarak bulunan keramiklerden, bugün fundal›k olan bu yerleflmenin de zaman içinde çokça tahrip edildi¤i anlafl›lmaktad›r.
Yukar›da iflaret edildi¤i gibi, Yass›güme, Hac›lar, Çamur, Hüyükköy, Karamusa, Mürseller-Bademli, Çaltepe, Gençali, Mancar, Uylup›nar, Yar›köy, Çavd›r, Yakalar-Telli, Kozluca, Gençali, Höyük, Beyköy, Gölde, Aziziye gibi höyükler; Hadriani, Olbasa, fieref (Komama), Çalte-pe örenyerleri; Karaevli, Karaatl› gibi tümülüsler ziyaret edilerek son durumlar›n› belirlemek için foto¤raflar›
çekilmifl ayr›ca, bu kabil araflt›rmalara süreklilik kazan-d›rabilmek amac›yla, bu yerler, ekibimizde yer alan genç elemanlara da tan›t›lm›flt›r.
Göller Bölgesi’nin bu kesiminde yapt›¤›m›z on yedi gün-lük araflt›rmada yine, bölgenin kültür tarihi ve kültür envanteri yönünden küçümsenemeyecek bulgular elde edilmifltir. Araflt›rmalar henüz sonland›r›lmam›flt›r;
gelecek y›l ayn› flekilde devam edecektir. Yerleflme yer-lerinin h›zl› bir flekilde ve de¤iflik nedenlerle tahrip edilmifl olmas› üzücüdür. Tahribat›n önüne ancak, yerel yönetimlerle daha s›k› bir iflbirli¤i ve araflt›rmalara a¤›r-l›k verebilecek flekilde kaynak ayr›lmas›yla geçilebile-cektir. Hal böyle olunca da, bölgenin araflt›r›lmas›n›n ve kültür envanterinin daha çabuk tamamlanabilece¤i düflüncesindeyiz.
An EBA settlement was identified in the Samut area, 3.5 km northwest of Çuvall› village and 1 km east of Karaatl› village. Located to the north of a still today well-watered area, the site has been considerably dam-aged from agricultural activity.
Another EBA settlement was identified at the Köyyeri area on the mountainous ridge to the southeast of Bay›rbafl›
village, about 800 meters east of Samut Höyük. Potsherds were collected scattered across a wide area overgrown with bushes and it was understood that this settlement had been largely destroyed in the course of time.
As mentioned above, the following sites were visited and photographed in order to document their present state and they were introduced to the young members of our team in order to establish continuity for these sur-veys: the mounds of Yass›güme, Hac›lar, Çamur, Hüyük-köy, Karamusa, Mürseller-Bademli, Çaltepe, Gençali, Mancar, Uylup›nar, Yar›köy, Çavd›r, Yakalar-Telli, Kozlu-ca, Gençali, Höyük, Beyköy, Gölde and Aziziye; ancient ruins of Hadriani, Olbasa, fieref (Komama) and Çaltepe;
and the tumuli of Karaevli and Karaatl›.
Our surveys over 17 days in this part of the Lakes’
Region have contributed considerably to the cultural history and inventory of the region, our surveys have not been finalised as yet and we plan to continue next year.
It is very heartrending to witness the rapid destruction of these settlements. This destruction can be stopped only through better collaboration with the local authorities and higher budgets for research and thus the regional surveys and the establishment of the cultural inventory would be completed in a shorter period of time.
YÜZEY ARAfiTIRMA RAPORLARI SURVEY REPORTS
Res. 3 Sazak-Köyyeri, gölün karfl› k›y›s›nda Dü¤er-Büyükada Tepe Fig. 3
Sazak-Köyyeri, across the lake is the Dü¤er-Büyükada Tepe
Da¤l›k Kilikya Arkeolojik Yüzey Araflt›rmalar› Projesi on seneyi aflk›n bir süredir, yok olan arkeolojik kaynaklar›
sistematik flekilde de¤erlendirmeye bafllam›flt›r. Proje çal›fl-malar›yla elde edilen bilgilerden, yörede yavafl ve k›rsal bir ekonominin do¤du¤u ve korsanlar taraf›ndan birden alevlendirildi¤i, Pompeius’un korsanlara karfl› zaferin-den sonra güçlü bir bölgesel sistem haline geldi¤i anla-fl›lmaktad›r. 2004 y›l›nda yazar taraf›ndan yüzey araflt›r-mas›n›n, sualt› arkeolojik araflt›rmalar›n› da içeren deniz k›y›s› bilefleni hayata geçirilmifltir. 14-28 Temmuz 2004 tarihleri aras›nda gerçekleflen birinci sezonda demir atma yerleri ve muhtemel limanlar de¤erlendirilmifl;
tersane ve liman yap›lar›na ait kal›nt›lar aran›rken küçük bir akustik araflt›rma da yap›lm›flt›r.
Bu yaz›da Pamfilya Körfezi’nin güneydo¤u k›y›s›nda Iotape ile Kal›dran Burnu aras›ndaki kesimde ele geçir-di¤imiz buluntular hakk›nda k›sa bir rapor sunulmakta-d›r. Projenin baflkanl›¤›n› Prof. Dr. C. Ward, yard›m-c›l›¤›n› Prof. Dr. N. Rauh yürütmüfl ve Kültür ve Turizm Bakanl›¤› temsilcisi olarak G. Savran kat›lm›flt›r. Ameri-kal›, Türk, Kuzey K›br›sl› ve Norveçli ö¤renciler ve arkeo-loglar›n yan› s›ra sualt› foto¤rafç›s› ve kameraman›
H. Öniz de çal›flmalara kat›lm›flt›r.
Çal›flmam›z, “sidescan sonar”›n yan› s›ra arkeologlar›n arkeolojik sitleri saptamak ve antik demirleme bölge-lerini incelemek amac›yla dalarak veya flnorkel ile görsel araflt›rmalar›na dayanmaktad›r. Ekip, Derin 2 adl›
tekneden 25 m.’ye kadar toplam 127 dal›fl yapm›flt›r.
B. Koziol, eser konumlar› için yap›lan GPS ölçümleri kullanarak bir GIS haritas› haz›rlam›flt›r (Res. 1). Bulun-tular› temsil edecek türden, tehlikede veya etütlük eser-ler çeflitli alanlardan ç›kart›larak, en önemli buluntular›n Alanya Müzesi’nce devral›nmas› öncesi ve sonras›nda tatl› suda birincil tuz giderme konservasyonuna tabi tutulmufl ve mekanik temizleme ifllemleri yap›lm›flt›r.
More than ten years ago, the Rough Cilicia Archaeolog-ical Survey Project began its systematic evaluation of the disappearing archaeological resources which document the rise of a slow, rural economy that was “jumpstarted”
by pirates and then, following Pompey’s triumph over the pirates, surged to become a strong regional system.
In 2004, I began the survey’s maritime component, con-sisting of an underwater archaeological survey. Our first season, from July 14thto 28th, assessed the anchorages and the likely harbors, seeking the remains of shipyards and harbor structures, and incorporating a limited acoustic survey.
This paper presents a preliminary report of our findings along the southeastern coast of the Bay of Pamphylia between Iotape and Kalidran Burnu. The project was directed by Prof. Dr. C. Ward, in collaboration with Prof.
Dr. N. Rauh, under the supervision of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism and representative G. Savran. An international team of American, Turkish, North Cypriot and Norwegian students and archaeologists and under-water photographer and videographer H. Öniz partici-pated in the survey.
The survey relied on sidescan sonar and visual survey by archaeologists diving and snorkeling to identify archaeological sites and to investigate ancient anchora-ges. The team made 127 dives to depths of up to 25 m from the boat Derin 2. GPS measurements of the loca-tion of artifacts were used to create the GIS map made by B. Koziol (Fig. 1). Representative, endangered, and diagnostic artifacts were recovered from several sites and received initial conservation treatment of
The survey relied on sidescan sonar and visual survey by archaeologists diving and snorkeling to identify archaeological sites and to investigate ancient anchora-ges. The team made 127 dives to depths of up to 25 m from the boat Derin 2. GPS measurements of the loca-tion of artifacts were used to create the GIS map made by B. Koziol (Fig. 1). Representative, endangered, and diagnostic artifacts were recovered from several sites and received initial conservation treatment of