Allcut - auto : an automatic data search and fault tree evaluation program

ÇEKM ECE N Ü K LEER ARAŞTIRMA VE EĞİTİM MERKEZİ Ç.N.A.E.M. A . R - 279 AI.LCUT-AUTO : AN A U T O M A T I C D A T A S E A R C H A N D F A U L T T R E E E V A L U A T I O N P R O G R A M M . Ü n a l A Z A K L I O Ğ U L L A R I , U l v i A D A L I O G L U N U C L E A R E N G I N E E R I N G D E P A R T M E N T A U G U S T 1990

ÇEKMECE N ÜKLEER ARAŞTIRMA VE EĞİTİM MERKEZİ

Ç.N.A.E.M. A . R -

A L L C U T - A U T O : AN A U T O M A T I C D A T A S E A R C H AND F A U L T T R E E E V A L U A T I O N P R O G R A M

T h e A L L C U T - A U T O c o m p u t e r p r o g r a m is a m o d i f i e d and e x t e n d e d v e r s i o n of A L L C U T S p r o g r a m in o r d e r to q u a n t i f y fault tr ees

for C A N D U type of r e a c t o r s . T h e c o m p o n e n t d a t a b a s e for C A N D U *s a n d the b a s i c e v e n t s in f a ul t tr ee s are l a b e l e d a c c o r d i n g to the s y s t e m s , c o m p o n e n t s and f a i l u r e modes. C o d e a u t o m a t i c a l l y searche.s a n d c h o o s e s a p p r o p r i a t e d a t a for the b a s i c events. It is d e v e l o p e d for V A X 1 1 / 7 5 0 a n d t e s t e d on it. Ö Z E T A L L C U T - A U T O : O T O M A T İ K VERİ A R A M A VE H A T A AĞ AC I D E Ğ E R L E N D İ R M E P R O G R A M I A L L C U T A U T O ; C A N D U tipi r e a k t ö r l e r d e k i s i s t e m l e r i n g ü v e n i r l i k ve b a ğ l ı o l a r a k h a t a a ğ a ç l a r ı d e ğ e r l e n d i r m e l e r i n i y a p m a k üzere, A L L C U T S p r o g r a m ı esas a l ı n a r a k , Ç N A E M * de g e l i ş t i r i l m i ş bir b i l g i s a y a r p r o g r a m ı d ı r . B u n u n için C A N D U r e a k t ö r ü n e ait b i l e ş e n v e r i taba nı ve h a t a a ğ a ç l a r ı n d a k i te mel o l a y l a r , s i s t e m l e r e , b i l e ş e n l e r e ve bu b i l e ş e n l e r i n a r ı z a m o d l a r ı n a g ö r e g e l i ş t i r i l e n bi r b i l g i k o d l a m a s i s t e m i ile k o d l a n m ı ş ve bu b i l g i l e r V A X 1 1 / 7 5 0 b i l g i s a y a r ı n a d e p o l a n a r a k ç o k s a y ı d a b i l g i d o s y a s ı o l u ş t u r u l m u ş t u r . P r o g r a m v a s ı t a s ı y l a , i n c e l e n m e s i i s t e n e n s i s t e m i n o l u ş t u r u l a n h a t a a ğ a ç l a r ı n ı n temel o l a y l a r ı i ç i n g e r e k l i b i l g i l e r , d e p o l a n a n b i l g i d o s y a l a r ı n d a n h e r b i r b i l e ş e n i ç i n o t o m a t i k ş e k i l d e a r a n a r a k b u l u n m a k t a ve g ö z ö n ü n e a l ı n a n si stem, g ü v e n i l i r l i k a ç ı s ı n d a n d e ğ e r l e n d i r i l m e k t e d i r . P r o g r a m , V A X 1 1 / 7 5 0 b i l g i s a y a r ı n d a ç a l ı ş t ı r ı l m ı ş ve test e d i l m i ş d u r u m d a d ı r .

T h i s w o r k is s u p p o r t e d b y the I n t e r n a t i o n a l A t o m i c E n e r g y A g e n c y (IAEA) a n d T u r k i s h A t o m i c E n e r g y A u t h o r i t y (TAEK) w i t h i n the T u r k i s h A k k u y u P r o b a b i l i s t i c S a f e t y E v a l u a t i o n (TAPSE) p r o j e c t .

T h e a u t h o r s w o u l d like to e x p r e s s t h e i r a p p r e c i a t i o n s a n d t h a n k s to Dr. M. C u l l i n g f o r d of the IA EA for his coritinous s u p p o r t a n d e n c o u r a g e m e n t .

Pages 1. I N T R O D U C T I O N 1 2. D A T A B A S E 2 2.1. D a t a Base S t r u c t u r e 2 2.2. C o m p o n e n t C o d i n g 2 3. P R O G R A M S T R U C T U R E 4 3.1. P r o g r a m D e s c r i p t i o n 4 3.2. Input D a t a D e c k 5 3.3. S a m p l e P r o b l e m 10 3.4. O u t p u t 10 4. C O N C L U S I O N 11 R E F E R E N C E S 11 A p p e n d i x A - C o m p o n e n t C o d i n g List A p p e n d i x B - F a i l u r e Mo des C o d i n g List A p p e n d i x C - Sa m p l e P r o b l e m Input D a ta A p p e n d i x D - Sa m p l e P r o b l e m O u tp ut T A B L E S T a b l e 1 - E x a m p l e of D a t a Base for C o m p o n e n t s 3 T a b l e 2 - C o m p o n e n t L a b e l l i n g S y s t e m a t i c s 4 T a b l e 3 - IDEX 2 O p t i o n s 8 T a b l e 4 - N A B S O p t i o n s 8

S a f e t y and r e l i a b i l i t y a n a l y s i s of a n u c l e a r p o w e r pl an t i n v o l v e s h a n d l i n g of a la rge a m o u n t of d a ta for the b e h a v i o u r of the s y s t e m s an d its c o m p o n e n t s , and th eir use in fault trees. T h e fault tree e v a l u a t i o n p r o c e s s c o n t a i n s b a s i c e v e n t s that are r e l a t e d to s t a t e s of the c o m p o n e n t s . A ba si c e v en t n e ed to be c o n s i d e r e d a c c o r d i n g to fi ner ca us es , t a k i n g into c o n s i d e r a t i o n f a i l u r e of the c o m p o n e n t itself, but a l s o f a i l u r e s of its c o n t r o l and i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n s y s t e m ( s ) , h u m a n i n t e r a c t i o n s , and u n a v a i l a b i l i t i e s an d f a i l u r e s of its s u p p o r t s y s t e m ( s ) , etc.

T h e a i m of d e v e l o p m e n t of the A L L C U T - A U T O p r o g r a m is to i n c o r p o r a t e an a u t o m a t i c d a t a s e l e c t i o n r o u t i n e into A L L C U T S [ ll for fault tree q u a n t i f i c a t i o n . T h e d a t a ba se c o n s i d e r e d and u t i l i z e d in this c o de d e v e l o p m e n t is for C A N D U ’s and p r o v i d e d by A E C L .

Th e n e e d of s e a r c h i n g an d u s i n g of a la rge a m o u n t of c o m p o n e n t d a t a d u r i n g the e v a l u a t i o n of s y s t e m r e l i a b i l i t y for the C A N D U n u c l e a r po w e r p l an t is one of the the m a i n re a s o n of the A L L C U T - A U T O co de d e v e l o p m e n t [2,3]. T h e use of s u c h a code is a l m o s t a n e c e s s i t y for large p r o j e c t s w h e r e m o r e c o m p l i c a t e d s y s t e m s h a v e to be an a l y z e d . A u t o m a t i c s e a r c h i n g of d a t a d e c r e a s e s l i k e l i h o o d of e v a l u a t i o n errors. T h e r e f o r e , A L L C U T - A U T O is d e v e l o p e d to me et s u c h a n e e d at Ç N A E M .

A l a b e l l i n g s c h e m e for b o t h c o m p o n e n t f a i l u r e s and the items g i v e n in d a t a b a s e are d e v e l o p e d .

T h e A L L C U T - A U T O p r o g r a m is w r i t t e n for an d t e s t e d on the V A X 1 1 / 7 5 0 co mp u t e r .

2. D A T A B A S E 2.1. D a t a B a s e S t r u c t u r e T o t a l l y 319 c o m p o n e n t s f a i l u r e r a te d a t a [4,5] c o m p i l e d f r o m a v a i l a b l e e x p e r i e n c e of o p e r a t i n g C A N D U r e a c t o r s are s t o r e d into V A X c o m p u t e r in v a r i o u s d a t a files. T h e d a t a fi le s c o n t a i n the f a i l u r e r a te s of e a c h c o m p o n e n t in d i f f e r e n t f a i l u r e modes. A p a r t i c u l a r c o m p o n e n t in d a t a fi le s is b e i n g r e p r e s e n t e d by the f o l l o w i n g s p e c i f i c a t i o n s : - T h e c o m p o n e n t name, - F a i l u r e m o d e of the c o m p o n e n t ,

- The v a l u e s of the r e l i a b i l i t y p a r a m e t e r s of the c o m p o n e n t .

2.2. C o m p o n e n t C o d i n g

c o m p o n e n t type, d e s i g n and o p e r a t i n g c o n d i t i o n s in the d a t u base. O n the o t h e r hand, f a i l u r e m o d e s co v e r the

d e p e n d on the type an d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s of the

f a i l u r e on de mand. T h e c o m p o n e n t and the f a i l u r e m o d e d ta are l i n k e d vi a the c o m p o n e n t i d e n t i f i e r

CO ded a c c o r d i n g to ndi t ion s in the d ver the f a i l u r e s wh f the c o m p o n e n t , f ai lure m o d e d ta b

and ase

A ten a l p h a n u m e r i c c h a r a c t e r c o d i n g s y s t e m is u s e d for the c o m p o n e n t s . Its s t r u c t u r e is e x p l a i n e d as fo llows: E x a m p l e : X X Y Y O O O O O O The n e xt t re ma in i L a b e l 1 i g i v e n i

in i t i a l two cha rac t e r s r e p r e s e n t the c o m p o n e n t ty p e , wo c h a r a c t e r s d e n o t e the f ai lu re m o d e wh i 1 e the ng six are null c h a r a c te r s to be ut i 1 i s ed in f ut ure . ng li sts of the c o m p o n e n t s and t he f ai lure m o d e s are n A p p e n d i x A an d B.

p r o b a b i l i t i e s and modes, and th e i r c o n f L d e n c e in t e r v a l s . In a d d i t i o n to these, e r r o r f a c t o r s and m e a n time to r e p a i r s ( M T T R ) ar e a l s o su pp l i e d . T a b l e 1 s h ow s an e x a m p l e for the e n t r i e s of files. T a b l e 1 - E x a m p l e of D a t a B a se for C o m p o n e n t s F a i l u r e p r o b a b L1 i ty C o m p o n e n t c o de Ave 5 % 50 % 95 % E r .F a c . M T T R ( h r ) V A F P O O O O O O 0.8 0.3 7 . 11.7 2.7 1 V A N J O O O O O O 2.4 1 . 1 3. 6.3 1.7 36 V A : M o t o r i z e d but t e r f l y v a l v e ( 2 " < d < 6 " ) FP : Fail to o p e r a t e , NJ : F a u l t y i n d i c a t i o n S o m e of the f a i l u r e rate s of c o m p o n e n t s ar e g i v e n as " u n s p e c i f i e d " f a i l u r e modes. A c o n t r i b u t i o n due to u n s p e c i f i e d f a i l u r e m o d e for a n y g i v e n f a i l u r e m o d e is r e f l e c t e d to the f a i l u r e rates. T h e f o l l o w i n g f o r m u l a is u s e d to e s t i m a t e the c o n t r i b u t i o n of u n s p e c i f i e d f a i l u r e m o d e s for a n y g i v e n f a i l u r e rate .

x

x.

Xi> ( p = l , 2 . . n ) : d i f f e r e n t f a i l u r e m o d e s r a te s of a c e r t a i n

c o m p o n e n t ; e x c e p t all m o d e s ca se and, X* and X u n a rates,

X u n a : u n s p e c i f i e d f a i l u r e m o de ra te of a c e r t a i n c o m p o n e n t .

3. P R O G R A M S T R U C T U R E 3.1. P r o g r a m D e s e r i p t i o n The A L L C U T - A U T O is an i n t e g r a t e d p r o g r a m , b a s e d on fault tree e v a l u a t i o n p r o g r a m A L L C U T S w h i c h c o m p r i s e s the m a i n pa rt of the p r o g r a m an d is u t i l i s e d to c a l c u l a t e the u n a v a i l a b i l i t i e s an d i m p o r t a n c e f a c t o r s of the b a s i c e v e n t s an d the s y s t e m r e l i a b i l i t y . T h e m a x i m u m n u m b e r of e v e n t s an d g a t e s w h i c h the p r o g r a m can h a n d l e is 400 b a s i c events. The A L L C U T - A U T O us es an ei gh t a l p h a n u m e r i c c h a r a c t e r l a b e l l i n g s y s t e m for the input d a t a w h i c h is s l i g h t l y d i f f e r e n t from the c o m p o n e n t c o d i n g s y s t e m of d a t a files. Fi r s t c o l u m n r e p r e s e n t s the s y s t e m in w h i c h the c o m p o n e n t is lo ca te d. N e x t two c o l u m n s d e n o t e the c o m p o n e n t type, w h i l e t h i r d three c o l u m n s are null c h a r a c t e r s w h i c h to be u t i l i s e d in f u t u r e an d fi na ll y, the i n f o r m a t i o n ab o u t the f a i l u r e of the c o m p o n e n t ca n be o b t a i n e d fr om the last two co lu mn s. T a b l e 2 'shows an e x a m p l e for

the c o m p o n e n t coding. E x a m p l e A XX 000 YY T a b l e 2 - C o m p o n e n t l a b e l l i n g s y s t e m a t i c s A X X 0 0 0 Y Y r e p r e s e n t s the system, d e n o t e s the c o m p o n e n t type,

null c h a r a c t e r s , (to be u t i l i s e d in future), d e n o t e s the f a i l u r e m o d e of the c o m p o n e n t .

H u m a n e r r o r s are a l s o e x p l a i n e d by f a i l u r e m o d e s of the c o m ­ p o n e n t s . As an e x am pl e, LH m e a n s "Set P o i n t L o w (Hum an E r r o r ) " .

Th e c o n s i s t e n c y s e a r c h b e t w e e n the b a si c e v e n t s and the c o m p o n e n t d a ta files is b e i n g p r o v i d e d by a r c h i v e f u n c t i o n of the VA X 11 / 7 5 0 co m p u t e r , c a l l e d S T A T U S [ 6 ] .

Th e p r o g r a m r e q u i r e s as input the f a i l u r e p r o b a b i l i t i e s of e a c h ev e n t in fault tree. T h e c o m p o n e n t d a t a b a s e o f f e r s f a i l u r e rates, or f a i l u r e ra te s on d e m a n d for the c o m p o n e n t s . W h e n the f a ul t tree is e n t e r e d into the c o m p u t e r , the p r o g r a m s e a r c h e s a u t o m a t i c a l l y the d a t a fi le s an d g e n e r a t e s the a p p r o p r i a t e input d a t a for b a s i c e v e n t s of the fault tree.

D u r i n g e v a l u a t i o n of the s y s t e m r e l i a b i l i t y the f o l l o w i n g c o m p o n e n t types are c o n s i d e r e d : - R e p a i r a b l e c o m p o n e n t s d u r i n g o p e r a t i o n , - N o n r e p a i r a b l e c o m p o n e n t s , - S t a n d b y c o m p o n e n t s t e s t e d in c e r t a i n time i n t e r v a l s , - D e m a n d e d c o m p o n e n t s , - H o u s e events. 3.2. Input D a t a D e c k Input d a t a of A L L C U T - A U T O m a y be d i v i d e d into th re e m a i n g r o u p s in g e n e r a l : - G e n e r a l i n f o r m a t i o n w h i c h c o n t r o l s the p r o g r a m o p e r a t i o n a n d c o v e r s the s y s t e m m i s s i o n time, t r u n c a t i o n v a l u e d e f i n e d by u s e r for c u t s e t s , y t c . - Fa u l t tree d a t a w h i c h c o v e r the g a t e an d b a s i c e v e n t s labe ls , t y pe s an d n u m b e r s - B a s i c e v e n t d a t a w h i c h c o v e r the f u r t h e r d e v e l o p e d or u n d e ­ v e l o p e d e v e n t s

Th e input d a t a e x p e c t e d by the p r o g r a m are d e s c r i b e d b e l o w : 1. row : T i t l e 2.1. row : »DAT A 2.2. row : M A X ,M I N ,M S S ,I D E X 1 ,I D E X 2 ,N A B S ,N D P R ,N T R A N S 2.3. row : P M I N ,T I M E N ,G T R A C E ,C T R A C E 2D1 2.4. row : E N D 2 D 1 0 . 3 , 2 ( I X ,A 7 ) 10A8 A 1 , A 7 , 9 A 8 A l ,A 7 ,9A8 815 1 0A8 3.1. row : » T R E E 3.2. row : X G A T E ( 1 , J ) ,B U F R (1) ,X G A T E ( 2 ,J ) ,B U F R (2) A 1 0 , A l ,A3,A1 ,F 8 .5,A 1 ,1 2,A1 , ,G P (J ),B U F R ( 3 ) , N G C (J ),B U F R (4),

( B U F R t 1 + 2) ,X G A T E ( I ,J) ,1 = 3,9) 4 ( A 1 ,A 1 0 ) / 2 7 X ,3(A l ,A 10) ,B L U R B (I ) , 1 = 1 , 1 0 / 1 0 ( A 8 ) 3 . J . row 3. (J + l ) : E N D 3 . ( J 4 2 ) : E N D 4.1. row : »T OP S A l ,A 7 ,9A8 4.2. row : T O P W U N A 1 0 . A 1 ,A3,A l . F 8 . 5 . A 1 ,12 , A1 , 4 (A l ,A 10) / 2 7 X ,3{A l , A 1 0 ) / 1 0 ( A 8 )

4.3. row : E N D A 1 0 .A l , A 3 , A 1 , F 8 .5,A 1 ,12 , A1 ,4(A l ,A10) / 2 7 X , 3 ( A 1 , A 1 0 > / 1 0 ( A 8 ) 5.1. row : » R A T E S A l ,A 7 ,9A8 5.2. row : C O M P ,B U F R (2) ,B U F R ( 3 ) , B U F R ( 4 ) , T 1 , A3 ,3 A 1 ,D 1 0.3, B U F R ( 5 ) , B U F R (6 ) , T E E M A X ,B U F R (7 ) , 2A1 , 2 ( D I O .3 ,A L ) C U E ,B U F R (8). 2 ( B E V (I ,N P ),1=1,10) / 1 0 ( A 8 ) 5 . 1 J H ) : E N D 5. ( J + 2) E N D

E x p l a n a t i o n of the input p a r a m e t e r s are as fo ll ow s:

1) T h e first row imag e r e ad is the c a se t i t l e a n d a d d i t i o n a l rows m a y be i n s e r t e d (after the ca se ti tl e row) b e f o r e e a c h of the s e v e r a l d a t a s e c t i o n i d e n t i f i e r rows w i t h an a s t e r i s k

in c o l u m n 1. T h e s e ro ws m a y be u s e d in th eir e n t i r e t y e x a c t l y as read and are i g n o r e d by the p r o g r a m if do not h a v e an a s t e r i s k c o l u m n 1.

2.1) Th e first row of the first s e c t i o n of the d a t a has the c h a r a c t e r s " * D A T A M .

2.2) Th e s e c o n d row c o n t r o l s the e x e c u t i o n of the p r o g r a m . M A X : T h e a l l o w a b l e m a x i m u m set size is d e t e r m i n e d by M A X

and m a x i m u m v a l u e to be s p e c i f i e d is 10.

M I N : S p e c i f i e s the m i n i m u m set size a n d its v a l u e lies b e t w e e n ze ro and the v a l u e of MAX.

MSS : The m a x i m u m nu m b e r of sets st o r e d for eventual p r i n t o u t

IDEX1 : A p a r a m e t e r wh i c h d e f i n e s the extent and type of final a n a l y s i s to be performed. IDEX1 va l u e ma y be a n u m b e r

b e t w e e n 1 and 8 and its effect on p r o g r a m e x e c u t i o n is e x p l a i n e d as f o i l o w s :

1 : Sets are p r i n t e d w i t h no p r o b a b i l i t y c a l c u l a t i o n results, o r d e r e d by set size.

2 : Sets are p r i n t e d w i t h p r o b a b i l i t y ca l c u l a t i o n s , o r d e r e d by set size and by p r o b a b i l i t y w i t h i n e a ch set size group. 3 : As in 2 w i th c u m u l a t i v e p r o b a b i l i t y and m a x i m u m l i k e l i ­

ho od d u r a t i o n times c a l c u l a t e d for each set size group. 4 : As in 3 w i th c u m u l a t i v e p r o b a b i l i t y c a l c u l a t e d for the

en ti re s y s t e m as well.

5 : Sets are p r i n t e d w i th p r o b a b i l i t y c a l c ul at io ns , o r d e r e d by p r o b a b i l i t y only, not by set size.

6 : As in 4 with c u m u l a t i v e p r o b a b i l i t y c a l c u l a t e d and p r i n t e d for the entire system.

7 : Sets are p r i n t e d out in the order found, wi t h o u t their p r o b a b i l i t i e s be i n g c a l c u l a t e d or printed.

8 : Sets are p r i n t e d out in the order found a l o n g w i t h their p r o b a b i l i t i e s and m a x i m u m l i k e l i h o o d d u r a t i o n time.. T h e y are t h e r e f o r e not o r d e r e d by probab il it y.

IDEX2 : C o n t r o l s w h e t h e r b o t t o m event d e s c r i p t i o n s a c c o m p a n y the cu tset events li st in gs and also the c a l c u l a t i o n and p r in to ut of a table of b o t t o m event im po rt a n c e s and im p o r t a n c e factors. The r e l a t i o n b e t w e e n IDEX2 and b o tt om event and i m p o r t a n c e s is s h o w n in T a b l e 3.

T a b l e 3 - IDEX2 o p t i o n s IDEX2 B o t t o m E v e n t I m p o r t a n c e s 1 No No 2 No Yes 3 Yes No 4 Yes Ye s N A B S : A p a r a m e t e r w h i c h c o n t r o l s the a b s o r p t i o n c h e c k i n g f u n c t i o n is e x p l a i n e d by T a b l e 4. T a b l e 4 “ N A B S o p t i o n s N A B S A b s o r p t i o n C h e c k i n g Se ts a n d Ev e n t N u m b e r s 1 No — 2 Yes S a me 3 Yes Di f f e r e n t

N D P R : C o n t r o l s the p r i n t o u t of the g a t e a n d b o t t o m event d a t a re ad in the input data. If N D P R > 0 , g a t e a n d b o t t o m ev ent d a t a will be p r i n t e d out. If N D P R < 0 * p r i n t o u t omit te d.

N T R A N S : C o n t r o l s the o u t p u t of se ts d a t a to a d a t a t r a n s f e r file, TOUT, l o g i c a l unit 7.

2.3) T h e t h ir d row of this s e c t i o n of d a t a c o n t a i n s two f l o a t i n g po i n t and two o p t i o n a l a l p h a n u m e r i c v a r i a b l e s .

P M I N : Us er d e f i n e d v a l u e for the c u t o f f p r o b a b i l i t y level of sets.

T I M E N : T h e m i s s i o n time in h o u r s u s e d in c a l c u l a t i n g c u t s e t p r o b a b i 1 i t i e s .

G T R A C E : T h e n a me of g a t e in the tree. C T R A C E : T h e n a m e of a b o t t o m event.

G T R A C E a n d C T R A C E are o p t i o n a l a n d m a y be left blank.

2.4) T h e last ro w of this s e c t i o n m u st be "END" s t a t e m e n t 3.1) T h e f i rs t r o w of n e x t s e c t i o n of d a t a s t a r t s w i t h M * T R E E " . T h e g a t e name, type, p r o b a b i l i t y a n d input g a t e a n d / o r b a s i c e v e n t q u a n t i t i e s a n d n a m e s must be e n t e r e d in sets of t h r e e ro ws e a c h (first two rows are u s e d for the g a te d e s c r i p t i o n a n d t h i r d one i n f o r m a t i o n ) .

3.2) T h e g a t e n a m e of e a c h gate. R o w a l s o c o n t a i n the ga t e type, s u c h as A N D , O R or INH. T h e g a t e p r o b a b i l i t y m u l t i p l i e r f o l l o w s the g a t e type ,if o m i t t e d for a n y gate, it is a s s u m e d to be 1.0. Th e n u m b e r of g a t e s a n d / o r b a s i c e v e n t s w h i c h input to this g i v e n g a t e f o l l o w the p r o b a b i l i t y m u l t i p l i e r . T h e c o d e d n a m e s of the the c o m p o n e n t s (basic even ts ) b e g i n in c o l u m n s 2 9 , 4 0 , 5 1 , 6 2 a n d c o n t i n u e in c o l u m n s 2 9 , 4 0 , 5 1 of the s e c o n d row.

T h i r d ro w of this d a t a s e c t i o n c o n t a i n s the a l p h a n u m e r i c i n f o r m a t i o n for d a t a d e s c r i p t i o n a n d m a y be left blank.

3 . ( J + 1 ) ) F i r s t of the last two rows of the s e c t i o n mu st be "E ND" s t a t e m e n t . 3 . ( J + 2 ) ) T h e s e c o n d row m a y a l s o be "END" s t a t e m e n t or a b l a n k row. T h e ing g a t e omi t t e d . 4.1) 4.2) 4.3) t h i r d s e c t i o n is o p t i o n a l and us ed to d e f i n e the s t a r t - for the a n a l y s i s to be a p a r t i c u l a r gate, an d it m a y be

T h e fi rs t row of this s e c t i o n has; the c h a r a c t e r s "* T0 PS " T h e s e c o n d row m a y be the s t a r t i n g g a t e name.

T h i s s e c t i o n t e r m i n a t e s w i t h an "END" s t a t em en t.

T h e last s e c t i o n of the input d a t a c o n t a i n s the i n f o r m a t i o n for the c o m p o n e n t s (b a s i c e v e n ts ) of the tree.

5.2) T h e b a si c ev en t i n f o r m a t i o n will be g i v e n in two s u c c e s s i v e row sets. T h e first of e a c h set c o n t a i n s the b a s i c ev e n t type, the c o m p o n e n t f a i l u r e d e t e c t i o n time, the m a x i m u m a l l o w a b l e f a i l u r e time for this c o m p o n e n t , an d the c o m p o n e n t u n a v a i l a b i l i t y value,' if n e c e s s a r y . A b a s i c ev e n t wi ll r e p r e s e n t by a d e s i g n a t o r w h i c h e i t h e r C R C for a ci rc le , D M D for a d i a m o n d or U S E for a h o u s e e v e n t . T h e a p p r o p r i a t e f a i l u r e p r o b a b i l i t y and m e a n time to r e p a i r are b e i n g t a k e n d i r e c t l y f r o m the c o m p o n e n t d a t a files for e a c h g i v e n c o m p o n e n t in input data. All u n i t s for input will be g i v e n in hours, e x c e p t u n a v a i l a b i l i t y v a l u e that is f r a c t i o n or p r o b a b i l i t y .

5.3) The s e c o n d row m a y c o n t a i n the a l p h a n u m e r i c i n f o r m a t i o n for the b a s i c e v en t that input to r e l a t e d g a t e or m a y be left b 1a n k .

5.(J*tl)) T h e end of the s e c t i o n d a t a t e r m i n a t e s w i t h an "END" s t a t e m e n t .

5 . ( J +2 )) An a d d i t i o n a l ro w is r e q u i r e d for the end of the p r o g r a m w h i c h is a l s o "END" s t a t e m e n t .

3l3^_S a m ple P r o b l em

Input d a t a for a s a m p l e p r o b l e m is g i v e n as an e x a m p e in A p p e n d i x C .

3 . 4. O u t put

The p r o c e s s u s e d to q u a n t i f y a fault tree u s i n g the A L L C U T - A U T O is d e s c r i b e d as follows:

- R e a d an d s t or e the fault tree and a s s o c i a t e d d a t a

- S e a r c h the a p p r o p r i a t e d a t a fr om the c o m p o n e n t d a t a fi le s ~ Use the c o n s i s t e n t d a t a for e a c h c o m p o n e n t

- A n a l y z e the fault tree

- R e m o v e o p e r a t i o n a l l y i m p o s s i b l e c u t s e t s or c u t s e t s w h i c h are not a l l o w e d to c o n t r i b u t e by us er d e f i n e d t r u n c a t i o n v a l u e

- F i n d the u n a v a i l a b i l i t y a n d i m p o r t a n c e v a l u e s of e a c h c o m ­ p o n e n t in the s y s t e m - E v a l u a t e the s y s t e m r e l i a b i l i t y . T h e r e s u l t s for s a m p l e p r o b l e m is g i v e n in A p p e n d i x D. 4. C O N C L U S I O N N u m e r i o u s a p p l i c a t i o n s a n d t e s t s for f a ul t t r ee s of the p r o c e s s a n d s a f e t y s y s t e m s of C A N D U *s s h o w e d that the A L L C U T - A U T O p r o g r a m s e em s v e r y h e l p f u l a n d u s e f u l s u p p o r t i n g tool, a n d p r o v i d e s s o me b e n e f i t s . M a j o r a d v a n t a g e s of e s t a b l i s h i n g s u c h a type of d a t a b a se a n d u s i n g t h e m in c o m b i n a t i o n w i t h the A L L C U T - A U T O p r o g r a m are to f a c i l i t a t e d a t a e n t r y into the p r o g r a m , to p r o v i d e the d a t a r e l i a b i l i t y , an d to a v o i d the r e p e t i t i o n of the d a t a entr ie s. It is a l s o p o s s i b l e to r e - e v a l u a t e a n d u p d a t e the d a t a b a s e easily. T h i s p o s s i b i l i t y a l l o w s a c o n t i n u o u s e v o l u t i o n of the e s t i m a t e s o n the r e l i a b i l i t y a n d s a f e t y a n a l y s i s .

R E F E R E N C E S

[1] S l y k e W. V a n , G r i f f i n g D.E. "A LLCUTS, A Fa s t C o m p r e h e n s i v e F a u l t T r e e A n a l y s i s C o d e " , A R H - S T - 1 1 2 , 1975 [2] D i v e n J., G r i f f i n g D . E . , T h o r p e A . , S l y k e W. Va n, FTA: F a u l t T r e e A n a l y s i s Sy st em , C S C - R L - S C I - 1 2 2 , Ju ne 1975 [3] N i c o l e s c u T., Das C o m p u t e r p r o g r a m - S y s t e m F E B A L zur B e r e c h - n u n g u n d G r a p h i s c h e n D a r s t e l l u n g v o n F e h l e r b â u m e n , EIR, T M - 3 2 - 8 2 - 16, 1982 [4] C o m p o n e n t R e l i a b i l i t y D a t a for C A N D U N u c l e a r S t a t i o n s , D e s i g n a n d C o n s t r u c t i o n B r an ch , R e p o r t No. 84458, D e c e m b e r 1984 [5] C o m p o n e n t F a i l u r e D a t a B a s e for C A N D U N u c l e a r P l an ts , Q u a l i t y E n g i n e e r i n g D e p a r t m e n t , R e p o r t No. 82077, S e p t e m b e r 1982 [6] V A X - 1 1 , R u n - T i m e L i b r a r y R e f e r e n c e Ma n u a l , A p r i l 1982

Al AG AH AL AN AR AS BO B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 BA B P C5 06 C7 C8 CA C B C C C D C E C F CG CH Cl CJ CK C L CM CN C O C P CR CS CT CU CV CW CX CY CZ DO DI D2 D3 D A DB D C DD DE DF DI E J EP A P P E N D I X A - C O M P O N E N T C O D I N G L I S T A N N U N C I A T O R , S O L I D S T A T E T Y P E A C C U M U L A T O R S , G A S A I R DRYE RS , H E A T L E S S A C C U M U L A T O R S , L I Q U I D P R E S S U R I Z E D A C C U M U L A T O R S , L I Q U I D U N P R E S S U R I Z E D A I R DRYE RS . H E A T R E - G E N E R A T E D A I R L O C K S E A L S BUS, 500 KV BUS, 345 KV BUS, 230 KV BUS, 13.8 KV BUS, 4.16 KV BUS, 600 V AC BUS, 48 V D C BUS, 120 V AC B A T T E R I E S . L E A D A C I D P U S H B U T T O N S W I T C H C A B L E 13.8 A N D 4. 16 KV C A B L E 600 V C A B L E T E R M I N A T I O N 13.8 A N D C A B L E T E R M I N A T I O N 600 V C I R C U I T B R E A K E R , 500 KV C I R C U I T B R E A K E R , 500 KV SF6 C I R C U I T BR E A K E R , 230 K V C I R C U I T B R E A K E R , 13.8 KV C I R C U I T BR E A K E R , 4 . 1 6 K V C O M B U S T I O N T U R B I N E UNITS, G E N E R A T O R S E T S C I R C U I T B R E A K E R , 600 V C O M B U S T I O N T U R B I N E UNITS, P O W E R G E N E R A T O R S E T S C O N T R O L L E R , P N E U M A T I C E L E C T R O N IC A X I A L S I N G L E (S E C O N D A R Y ) 4. 16 KV D A R L I N G T O N S T A N D B Y D A R L I N G T O N E M E R C O N T R O L L E R , C O M P R E S S O R S , C O M P R E S S O R S , C O M P R E S S O R S , C O M P R E S S O R S , C O M P R E S S O R S , C O M P R E S S O R S , C O M P R E S S O R S C O M P U T E R S , C O M P U T E R S , C O M P U T E R S . C O M P U T E R S C O M P U T E R S C O M P U T E R S C O M P U T E R S C O M P U T E R S C O M P U T E R S C O M P U T E R S C O M P U T E R S C O M P U T E R S D A M P E R S D A M P E R S D A M P E R S D A M P E R S D A M P E R S D A M P E R S D I O D E E X P A N S I O N J O I N T E M E R G E N C Y P O W E R S T A G E A X I A L T W O O R M O R E S T A G E S , C E N T R I F U G A L S I N G L E S T A G E , C E N T R I F U G A L M U L T I - S T A G E , R E C I P R O C A T I N G (OIL L U B ) . , R E C I P R O C A T I N G (OIL FREE) , R O T A R Y S C R E W (DRY) AI S U B S Y S T E M AO S U B S Y S T E M D O S U B S Y S T E M DI S U B S Y S T E M M E M O R Y C P U O P E R A T I O N S M O N I T O R P O W E R S U P P L Y I O B I C / B I C C O N T R O L L E R S C O M P U T E R C O N T R O L S Y ST EM , S O F T W A R E D A T A L I N K Ma n u a l b u t t e r f l y w a f e r >2" , M A N U A L B U T T E R F L Y > 1 2 ” M A N U A L B L A D E V O L U M E C O N T R O L M O T O R I Z E D B U T T E R F L Y W A F E R >2" , M O T O R I Z E D B U T T E R F L Y W A F E R >12" M O T O R I Z E D O N - O F F A N D M O D U L A T I N G D I E S E L G E N E R A T O R < = 12' < = 12 " B L A D E

Fİ : F2 : F3 : F 4 : F5 : F6 : FC : FE : FL : FM : FO : FS : FU : FV : FW : G A : G B : G L : G P : G T : HI : H2 : H3 : H4 : H5 : H6 : HA : H B : H C : HS : IV : MO : Ml : M2 : M3 : M4 : M5 : M6 : M7 : M8 : M9 : MA : M B : MC : M D : ME : M F : MG : M H : MI : MJ : MK : M L : MM : NA : N B : NC : ND : FANS, P R O P E L L E R <3 0 0 0 0 S C F M FANS, A X I A L ( V A R I O U S R A T I N G S ) FANS. V A N E A X I A L < 3 0 0 0 0 S C F M FANS, V A N E A X I A L > 5 0 0 0 0 S C F M FANS, C E N T R I F U G A L < 1 0 0 0 0 S C F M FANS, C E N T R I F U G A L > 3 0 0 0 0 S C F M L I Q U T D - M E S H S C R E E N L I Q U I D - M E M B R A N E G A S E O U S - S O L I D / L O O S E M A T E R I A L G A S E O U S - M E M B R A N E L I Q U I D - S O L I D / L O O S E M A T E R I A L G A S E O U S - M E S H S C R E E N F I L T E R S A N D S T R A I N E R S F I L T E R S A N D S T R A I N E R S F I L T E R S A N D S T R A I N E R S F I L T E R S A N D S T R A I N E R S F I L T E R S A N D S T R A I N E R S F I L T E R S A N D S T R A I N E R S F U S E FU SES, P O W E R S U P P L Y - D C C O N T R O L P O W E R F I L T E R S A N D S T R A I N E R S , G E N E R A T O R S , M A I N G E N E R A T O R G E N E R A T O R S . M O T O R G E N E R A T O R 600 G A U G E , L E V E L - S I G H T G L A S S G A U G E . P R E S S U R E GA U G E , T E M P E R A T U R E H E A T E X C H A N G E R S . A L L T Y P E S S T R A I G H T TYPE, A U T O - B A C K W A S H V AC H O R I Z O N T A L , S H E L L & S T R A I G H T TYPE, V E R T I C A L , S H E L L & S T R A I G H T TYPE, R A D I A T I O N T Y P E U - T U B E , H O R I Z O N T A L , S H E L L & T U B E U - T U B E , V E R T I C A L , S H E L L & T U B E H E A T E X C H A N G E R S , T U B E H E A T E X C H A N G E R S , T U B E H E A T E X C H A N G E R S , H E A T E X C H A N G E R S H E A T E X C H A N G E R S H E A T E R S , A I R H E A T E R H E A T E R S , I M M E R S I O N H E A T E R H E A T E R S , H E A T T R A C I N G H A N D S W I T C H I N V E R T E R MO T O R , S Y N C H R O N O U S 0 - 6 0 0 V I N D U C T I O N < = 20 0 hp I N D U C T I O N , V E R T I C A L 2 0 0 < h < = 5 0 0 hp I N D U C T I O N , H O R I Z O N T A L 2 0 0 < h < = 5 0 0 hp P R I M A R Y H E A T T R A N S P O R T F E E D C I R C U I T P U M P ‘ A U X I L I A R Y B O I L E R F E E D P U M P P R I M A R Y H E A T T R A N S P O R T P U M P S H U T D O W N C O O L I N G W A T E R P U M P LP E M E R G E N C Y C O O L A N T I N J E C T I O N P U M P H P E M E R G E N C Y C O O L A N T I N J E C T I O N P U M P LP S E R V I C E W A T E R P U M P E M E R G E N C Y S E R V I C E W A T E R P U M P M A I N M O D E R A T O R P U M P B O I L E R F E E D P U M P C O N D E N S A T E E X T R A C T I O N P U M P E N D S H I E L D S H I E L D T A N K C O O L I N G P U M P P O W E R H O U S E U P P E R L E V E L S E R V I C E W A T E R P U M P G E N E R A T O R M A I N L U B E O I L P U M P C I R C U L A T I N G W A T E R P U M P M O T O R S T A R T E R 600 V M E T E R RE LAY, I N D I C A T I N G , T R I P A N D A L A R M M E T E R S . C U R R E N T A L A R M A N D T R I P U N I T M E T E R S . I N D I C A T O R - E L E C T R O N I C N E U T R O N F L U X M E A S U R I N G I N S T R U M E N T S D E T E C T O R N E U T R O N F L U X M E A S U R I N G I N S T R U ME NT S. P O W E R S U P P L I E S A N D A M P L I F I E S N E U T R O N F L U X M E A S U R I N G I N S T R U ME NT S, D E T E C T O R N E U T R O N F L U X M E A S U R I N G I N S T R U ME NT S, A M P L I F I E R M O T O R , M O T O R , M O T O R , M O T O R S , M O T O R S M O T O R S M O T O R S M O T O R S , M O T O R S , M O T O R S , M O T O R S , M O T O R S , M O T O R S , M O T O R S M O T O R S M O T O R S M O T O R S M O T O R S ION C H AM BE R, ION C H A M B E R , I N - C O R E D E T E C T O R I N - C O R E D E T E C T O R

NE NF NG NZ OA O B O D O P O Q OR Pİ P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 P8 P9 PA PB PC PD PE PF PG PH PI PJ PK PL PM PN PO P P PS PV Q2 Q3 RO R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 RA RB RC R D RE N E U T R O N F L U X M E A S U R I N G I N S T R U M E N T S , S T A R T U P S I G N A L D E T E C T O R , BF3 D E T E C T O R N E U T R O N F L U X M E A S U R I N G I N S T R U M E N T S , S T A R T U P S I G N A L D E T E C T O R , HE -3 D E T E C T O R N E U T R O N F L U X M E A S U R I N G I N S T R U M E N T S , S T A R T U P S I G N A L D E T E C T O R , S I G N A L P R O C E S S I N G E Q U I P M E N T P R I M A R Y E L E M E N T . N O Z Z L E V A L V E O P E R A T O R , A C M O T O R V A L V E O P E R A T O R S , H Y D R A U L I C M O T O R V A L V E O P E R A T O R , D C M O T O R V A L V E O P E R A T O R , P N E U M A T I C V A L V E P O S I T I O N E R , P N E U M A T I C P R I M A R Y EL E M E N T . O R I F I C E P I P [ N G , N U C L E A R GR A D E , >6" P I PI NG , N U C L E A R GR A D E , l " < d < = 6 ” P I PI NG , N U C L E A R GR A D E , < = 1" P I P I N G , N U C L E A R GR AD E, M O D E R A T O R A N D A U X I L I A R I E S ( 3 2 1 x x ,3 2 2 x x ,3 2 3 x x ,3 2 5 x x ,327xx) P I PI NG , N U C L E A R GR A D E , H E A T T R A N S P O R T A N D H I G H P R E S ­ S U R E H E A T T R A N S P O R T A U X I L I A R I E S ( 3 3 1 x x ,3 3 3 x x T O 336xx) PIPI NG , N U C L E A R GR AD E, H E A T T R A N S P O R T A N D H E A T T R A N S ­ P O R T L O W P R E S S U R E A U X I L I A R I E S ( 3 3 2 x x ,338xx) P I P I N G , N O N - N U C L E A R GR A D E , >6" P I P I NG , N O N - N U C L E A R GR AD E, l " < d < = 6 " P I P I NG , N O N - N U C L E A R GR AD E, < = 1" P I P I NG , N O N - N U C L E A R GR AD E, B O I L E R S T E A M A N D W A T E R (3 6 x x x ) P I P I NG . N O N - N U C L E A R GR AD E, S T E A M T U R B I N E A N D A U X I L I A R Y F / W H E A T I N G , B O I L E R F E E D (4 İ x x x ) P I P I N G , N O N - N U C L E A R GRAD E, A WT) AI1Y ( 4fi xxx ) P I P I NG , N O N - N U C L E A R GR AD E, W A T E R S Y S T E M S (7xxxx) P I P I NG , N O N - N U C L E A R GRADE, H V A O (73xxx) P I P I NG , N O N - N U C L E A R GRADE, C O M P R E S S E D AIR, V A C U U M S Y S T E M S (3 6 x x x ) P E N E T R A T I O N S , I N T E R N A L W E L D P E N E T R A T I O N S , C A R T R I D G E P R E S S U R E V E S S E L S , P R E S S U R I Z E R V E S S E L PUMP, C E N T R I F U G A L , H O R I Z O N T A L (22 1/s T O 820 1/s) P R E S S U R E V E S S E L S , P R E S S U R E S U P P R E S S I O N PUMP, C C W PUMPS; V E R T I C A L , A X I A L O R M I X E D F L O W PUMP, C O N D E N S A T E E X T R A C T I O N P U M P PUMP, A U X I L I A R Y C O N D E N S A T E E X T R A C T I O N P U M P PUMP, B O I L E R F E E D P U M P PUMP, A U X I L I A R Y B O I L E R F E E D P U M P P O W E R S U P P L Y - DC C O N T R O L PO WER, F U S E S PUMP, C E N T R I F U G A L , V E R T I C A L (70 1/s T O 1900 1/s) P R I M A R Y E L E M E N T , P A D D L E ‘ P R I M A R Y EL E M E N T , P I T O T T U B E R E L A YS , G E N E R A L P U R P O S E <=50 V AC G E N E R A L P U R P O S E 100 - 199 V A C G E N E R A L P U R P O S E 200 - 300 V A C G E N E R A L P U R P O S E >300 V AC G E N E R A L P U R P O S E <=50 V DC G E N E R A L P U R P O S E 100 - 199 V D C G E N E R A L P U R P O S E 200 - 300 V D C G E N E R A L P U R P O S E >300 V DC G E N E R A L P U R P O S E , A L L R A T I N G S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S R E L A Y S S E A L E D <100 V AC S E A L E D 100 - 199 V AC S E A L E D <50 V D C R E C T I F I E R R E LA YS , S E A L E D 100 - 199 V DC R E L A Y S , SEALED. A L L R A T I N G S

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PRIMARY ELEMENT, RTD

RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY MEASURING SYSTEMS, ACTI VI TY MONITORING BRUCE A STACK MONI.

RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY MEASURING SYSTEMS, A CTI VI TY MONITORING PICKERING A STACK MONITOR RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY MEASURING SYSTEMS, ACTI VI TY MONITORING GEIGER-MUELLER TUBE

RADIATION AND RADIOACTIVITY MEASURING SYSTEMS, A CTI VI TY MONITORING TOTALIZER

DISCONNECT/TRANSFER SWITCH DISCONNECT SWITCH 5 0 0 KV DISCONNECT SWITCH 5 0 0 KV ( S F 6 ) DISCONNECT SWITCH 2 3 0 KV FLOW SWITCH LEVEL SWITCH PRESSURE SWITCH TEMPERATURE SWITCH L I M I T SWITCH SQUARE I TO P P V I SIGNAL MODIFIERS, SIGNAL MODIFIERS, SIGNAL MODIFIERS, V TO SIGNAL MODIFIERS, I TO SIGNAL MODIFIERS, I TO TRANSFORMERS, 5 0 0 KV TRANSFORMERS, 3 4 5 KV TRANSFORMERS, 2 3 0 / 2 7 . 5 KV TRANSFORMERS, 2 3 0 / 1 3 . 8 KV TRANSFORMERS, 2 3 0 / 4 . 1 6 KV TRANSFORMERS, 1 3 . 8 KV TRANSFORMER, 4 . 1 6 KV TRANSFORMER, 6 0 0 V PRESSURE TRANSMITTER TEMPERATURE TRANSMITTER

PRIMARY ELEMENT, THERMOCOUPLE PRIMARY ELEMENT, VENTURI

ROOT EXTRACTORS CONVERTORS CONVERTORS CONVERTORS CONVERTORS TRAVELLING GATE VALVE GATE VALVE GATE VALVE, GATE VALVE, GLOBE VALVE GLOBE GLOBE GLOBE GLOBE GLOBE GLOBE CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL CONTROL VALVE, VALVE, VALVE, VALVE, VALVE, VALVE, VALVE VALVE VALVE VALVE

WATER SCREENS, STRAIGHT THROUGH MOTORIZED < =2" MOTORIZED 2 " < d < = 6 " MOTORIZED 6 ” <d< = 1 2 ' ’ MOTORIZED 1 2 M< d < = 2 t " MANUAL < = 2 " MANUAL 2 " < d < = 6 " MANUAL 6 " < d < = 1 2 " MOTORIZED MOTORIZED PNEUMATIC PNEUMATIC LEVEL < = 2" 2 " < d < = 6 " < = 2 " 2 " < d < = 6 " TEMPERATURE FLOW PRESSURE

UF UG UH UI UJ UK UL UM UN uo UP UQ UR US vo VI Y 2 V3 Y 4 Y 5 V6 V7 V8 V9 VA VB VC VD VE VF VH VG VI VJ VK VL VN VO VP VQ VT VU VV VW VX VY VZ YO Yİ Y 2 Y3 Y 4 Y 5 Y 6 Y7 Y8 Y 9 YA YB YC YD YE YF I & C I S O L A T I N G V A L V E V A LV ES , N E D D L E M A N U A L < = 2" V A L V E S , N E D D L E M O T O R I Z E D >2" ,<=6" V A L V E S , P A R A L L E L SLIDE, M A N U A L A L L S I Z E S V A L V E S . P A R A L L E L SLIDE, M O T O R I Z E D A L L S I Z E S V A L V ES , P L U G M A N U A L < = 2" V A LV ES , P L U G M A N U A L >2" ,<=6" V A LV ES , P L U G P N E U M A T I C >6" P R E S S U R E R E G U L A T I N G V A L V E S A F E T Y A N D R E L I E F V A L V E <=2" S A F E T Y A N D R E L I E F V A L V E 2 " < d < = 6 " S A F E T Y A N D R E L I E F V A L V E >6" V A L V E S , A I R R E L E A S E , A L L S I Z E S S O L E N O I D V A L V E V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y B U T T E R F L Y A N G L E < = 2 " B A L L M A N U A L < = 2" B A L L M A N U A L >2" , < = 6 " B A L L P N E U M A T I C >2" , < = 6 ‘ B A L L P N E U M A T I C > 6 ” C H E C K V A L V E C H E C K V A L V E C H E C K V A L V E C H E C K V A L V E C H E C K V A L V E C O N D E N S E R D I A P H R A G M D I A P H R A G M D I A P H R A G M D I A P H R A G M D I A P H R A G M D I A P H R A G M G A T E V A L V E VALV ES , M A N U A L V A LV ES , M A N U A L VALVES, M A N U A L V A LV ES . M A N U A L V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S < = 2 " 2'' < d < = 6 ” 6 " <d <= 12 " 1 2 " < d < = 2 4 " >24" S T E A M D I S C H A R G E V A LV ES , M A N U A L < = 2' > 2 ” > 6 " >1 2' < = 6" < = 12 " M O T O R I Z E D M O T O R I Z E D M O T O R I Z E D M O T O R I Z E D P N E U M A T I C CCW, 72 CCW, 72 < = 2 " 2 ” < d < = 6 " 6 " < d < = 1 2 " 1 2 " < d < = 2 4 " >24" NO L I M I T S W I T C H E S T O 96" W I T H L I M I T S W I T C H E S V A L V E V A L V E V A L V E V A L V E G A T E G A T E G A T E G A T E F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G F U E L L I N G P U M P / M O T O R P U M P / M O T O R P U M P / M O T O R V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S V A L V E S M A N U A L M A N U A L M A N U A L M A N U A L M A N U A L M A C H I N E . M A C H I N E , M A C H I N E , M A C H I N E , M A CH IN E, M A C H I N E , M A C H I N E , M A C H I N E , M A CH IN E, M A C H I N E , M A C H I N E , M A C H I N E M A C H I N E M A C H I N E S E T V A L V E < = 2 ” 2 ” < d < = 6 ‘ >6' < = 2 " 2 " < d < = 6 " 2"< d< = 6" SET, S E T M A N U A L M A N U A L M O T O R I Z E D M O T O R I Z E D P N E U M A T I C < = 2 ” 2 " < d < = 6 " 6 " < d < = 1 2 " 12 " < d < = 2 4 " >24" F L O W F U S E S N O N - R E T U R N V A L V E S M O T O R O P E R A T E D V A L V E S Q U I C K D I S C O N N E C T S R E L I E F V A L V E S S T O R A G E T A N K S S E A L S F U E L L I N G M A C H I N E H E A D B R A K E S S N O U T L O C K I N G M E C H A N I S M S N O U T S A F E T Y L O C K H E A T E X C H A N G E R C O O L I N G F A N S D 2 0 P R E S S U R I Z I N G P U M P D 2 0 F I L L P U M P D 2 0 C I R C U L A T I N G P U M P P R I M A R Y H E A T T R A N S P O R T P U M P / M O T O R LP E M E R G E N C Y C O O L A N T I N J E C T I O N S E T

YG : YH : YI : YJ : YK : YL : YM : YN : YO : PUMP/MOTOR SET, PUMP/MOTOR SET PUMP/MOTOR S ET , PUMP/MOTOR SET, PUMP/MOTOR SET, PUMP/MOTOR SET PUMP/MOTOR SET, PUMP/MOTOR SET PUMP/MOTOR S ET , PUMP/MOTOR SET , PUMP/MOTOR SET VOLTAGE REGULATOR 1 2 0 / 2 0 8 V

HP EMERGENCY COOLANT INJECTION LP SERVICE WATER PUMP/MOTOR SET

EMERGENCY SERVICE WATER PUMP/MOTOR SET END SHIELD AND SHIELD TANK COOLING POWERHOUSE UPPER LEVEL SERVICE WATER GENERATOR MAIN LUBE OIL PUMP/MOTOR SET AUXILIARY BOILER FEED PUMP/MOTOR SET CONDENSATE EXTRACTION PUMP/MOTOR SET

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 AE AF Al AM AO AU BL BR BS CO C1 CC CD CF + CH + CH CS DE DF DI DO DP DS EF EL EO EX FA FB FC FD FE FI FJ FK FM FN FO A P P E N D I X B - F A I L U R E M O D E S C O D I N G L I S T N U C L E A R S Y S T E M S P I P E < 1" N U C L E A R S Y S T E M S P I P E > l" , < 6" N U C L E A R S Y S T E M S P I P E > 6" D U A L C O M P U T E R STALL, P I C K E R I N G A D U A L C O M P U T E R STALL, B R U C E A S I N G L E C O M P U T E R ST ALL, P I C K E R I N G A S I N G L E C O M P U T E R STALL, B R U C E A C O N T R O L P R O G R A M F A I L U R E S , B R U C E A, C O M P U T E R S A D D R E S S I N G ERROR, C O M P U T E R S A C T U A T I O N FAIL ED ; V A L V E O P E R A T O R AI C A R D FAILS, C O M P U T E R S A L L M O D E S AO C A R D FAILS, C O M P U T E R S A U T O S T A R T FAILS, C O M P U T E R S

B L OC KE D; PIPE, A I R DRYER, F I L T E R S & S T R A I N E R S BROK EN ; PIPE, L E V E L S I G H T G L A S S B R US HE S; M O T O R G E N E R A T O R 600 V A C NO C O N T A C T S F A I L E D CLOS ED ; H A N D S W I T C H E S (I N C . P U S H ­ B U T T O N S ) , M E T E R RE LAY. E L E C T R O M E C H A N I C A L RELAY, P R E S S U R E SWIT CH , T E M P E R A T U R E S W I T CH , L E V E L SW IT CH , F L O W S W I T C H NC C O N T A C T S F A I L E D CLOS ED ; H A N D S W I T C H E S (I N C . P U S H ­ B U T T O N S ) , M E T E R RELAY, E L E C T R O M E C H A N I C A L RELAY, P R E S S U R E SWIT CH , T E M P E R A T U R E S W I T CH , L E V E L SW I T C H , F L O W S W I T C H C A R D FAILS, C O M P U T E R S C O N T A M I N A T E D D E L I V E R Y ; C O M P R E S S O R S H O R T C I R C U I T FAULTS, C O M P U T E R S

C L O S E D , H U M A N ERROR; M A N U A L VA LVE, A C T U A T E D VALV E, D I S C O N N E C T S W I T C H S E L E C T E D C L O S ED , H U M A N ERROR; H A N D S W I T C H E S ! I N C . P U S H B U T T O N S ) , M E T E R R E L A Y , E L E C T R O M E C H A N I C A L RELAY, P R E S S U R E SW IT CH , T E M P E R A T U R E SWIT CH , L E V E L SWIT CH , F L O W S W I T C H C O S FAUL TY , C O M P U T E R S D E - E N E R G I Z E D ; BUS D R U M FAULT, C O M P U T E R S DI C A R D FAILS, C O M P U T E R S D O C A R D FAILS, C O M P U T E R S D E P R E S S U R I Z E D ; A C C U M U L A T O R D I S C FAULT, C O M P U T E R S R E L A Y F A U L T Y , C O M P U T E R S E X T E R N A L LEAK; P U M P .C H E C K V A L V E , M A N U A L V A L V E ,A C T U A T E D VALVE, S O L E N O I D VALVE, L E V E L S I G H T G L A S S ,A I R DRYER, A C C U M U L A T O R , F I L T E R S & S T R A I N E R S ,H E A T E X C H A N G E R S E R R A T I C O P E R A T I O N ; C O N T R O L L E R S

E X C I T E R ; M A I N G E N E R A T O R

F A I L S TO A N N U N C I A T E ; A N N U N C I A T O R F A I L S T O BLOW; F U S E

F A I L E D CLOS ED ; C H E C K VALVE, M A N U A L VA LVE, A C T U A T E D VA LV E, R E L I E F VALVE, S O L E N O I D VALVE, C I R C U I T B R E A K E R , D I S C O N N E C T S W I T C H F A I L S T O DRY; AI R D R Y E R F A I L U R E T O T R I P / A L A R M ; M E T E R S F R E Q U E N C Y I N CO RR EC T; I N V E R T E R L E S S T H A N R A T E D O U T P U T ; F A NS F A I L T O RUN; FA N S F A I L T O O P E R A T E ON D E M A N D F A I L T O R E S E T F A I L E D OPEN; C H E C K VALVE, M A N U A L V A LV E, A C T U A T E D V A LV E. S O L E N O I D VALVE. C I R C U I T Ö R E A K E R , D I S C O N N E C T S W I T C H

FP : F A I L TO OPERATE; ACCUMULATOR , PRESSURE SWITCH,

TEMPERATURE SWITCH, LEVEL SWITCH, FLOW SWITCH, MOTOR STARTER

FQ : F A I L TO RECLOSE; R E L I E F VALVE

FR : F A I L S WHILE RUNNING; EPS D IE S EL GEN. FS : F A I L S TO START; EPS D IE SEL GEN.

FT : FRACTURE; ACCUMULATOR

GC : GROUND SHORT TO C O I L ; ELECTROMECHANICAL RELAY GE ; GENERATOR CONTROL; MAIN GENERATOR

GF : GROUND FA UL TS, COMPUTERS

+ GS : COIL GROUND SHORT; SOLENOID VALVE

i GS : GROUND SHORT TO CONTACTS; ELECTROMECHANICAL RELAY HC : HOT SHORT TO C O I L ; ELECTROMECHANICAL RELAY

HH : SET POINT HIGH (HUMAN ERROR); METER R E L AY , PRESSURE SWITCH, TEMPERATURE SWITCH, LEVEL SWITCH,

FLOW SWITCH, CONTROLLER

HI : HIGH INDICATION; PRESSURE GAUGE, TEMPERATURE GAUGE HJ : HIGH INPUT; NEUTRON FLUX MEASUREMENT INS.

HO : HIGH OUTPUT; TRANSMITTER, PRIMARY ELEMENTS, SIGNAL MOD I F 1 E R S , CONTROLLER

+ HS : COIL HOT SHORT; SOLENOID VALVE

+ HS : HOI SHORT TO CONTACTS; ELECTROMECHANICAL RELAY 1C : IC FAULTY, COMPUTERS

I E : INTERNAL LEAK

+ I F : INTERNAL F A I L U R E ; METER RELAY

+ I F : INDICATION FROZEN; PRESSURE GAUGE, TEMPERATURE GAUGE I L ; PR I MARY/SECONDARY LEAK; HEAT EXCHANGERS

IO : I N S U F F I C I E N T OUTPUT; PUMP LC : LOOSE CONNECTION, COMPUTERS LD : LOW DELI VERY; COMPRESSOR

LH : SET POINT LOW (HUMAN ERROR) ; METER RELAY, PRESSURE SWITCH, TEMPERATURE SWITCH, LEVEL SWITCH,

FLOW SWITCH, CONTROLLER

LI : LOW INDICATION; PRESSURE GAUGE, TEMPERATURE GAUGE LO : LOW OUTPUT; TRANSMITTER, PRIMARY ELEMENTS, SIGNAL

MOD I F 1E R S , CONTROLLER

MC : MEMORY CARD F A I L S , COMPUTERS ME : MOS MEMORY FAULT, COMPUTERS MF : MECHANICAL F A I L UR E ; MOTOR

MI : MICROPROCESSOR F A I L S , COMPUTERS MR : MECH. FAILURE RUNNING; PUMP MS : MECH. FAILURE START; PUMP MX : MULTIPLEXER F A I L S , COMPUTERS NC : NO RECORDING; RECORDERS

ND : NO DELI VERY; COMPRESSOR NE : TIMING ERROR, COMPUTERS

NI : NO INDICATION; PRESSURE GAUGE, TEMPERATURE GAUGE NJ : FAULTY INDICATION

NO : NO OUTPUT; TRANSMITTER, PRIMARY ELEMENTS, SIGNAL MOD I F I E R S , CONTROLLER

NR : NO RESPONSE; GAUGES

0 0 : NO CONTACTS FAI LED OPEN; HANDSWITCHES( I N C . PUSH­ BUTTONS), METER RELAY, ELECTROMECHANICAL RELAY, PRESSURE SWITCH.TEMPERATURE SWITCH, LEVEL SWITCH, FLOW SWITCH

0 1 : NC CONTACTS FAILED OPEN; HANDSWITCHES( I N C . PUSH­ BUTTONS), METER RELAY, ELECTROMECHANICAL RELAY, PRESSURE SWITCH.TEMPERATURE SWITCH, LEVEL SWITCH, FLOW SWITCH

+ OC : COIL OPEN C I R C U I T ; SOLENOID VALVE, ELECTROMECHANICAL RELAY

+ OC : OPEN C I R C U I T ; CABLE, CABLE TERMINATION, F U SE , INVERTER, R E C T I F I E R

OF : OUTPUT FROZEN; TRANSMITTER, PRIMARY ELEMENTS, SIGNAL MODI FI ERS, CONTROLLER

+ O H : OPEN, H U M A N ERROR; M A N U A L VALVE, A C T U A T E D V A LV E, D I S C O N N E C T S W I T C H + O H : S E L E C T E D OPEN, H U M A N ERROR; H A N D S W I T C H E S (I N C . P U S H ­ B U T T O N S ) , M E T E R RELAY, E L E C T R O M E C H A N I C A L RELAY, P R E S S U R E SWIT CH , T E M P E R A T U R E S W I T C H , L E V E L SW I T C H . F L O W S W I T C H O L : O U T O F LIMIT; I N V E R T E R O P : O P E N C I R C U I T , P R I M A R Y : T R A N S F O R M E R OS : O P E N C I R C U I T , S E C O N D A R Y ; T R A N S F O R M E R O T : O T H E R ! S ) P B : P R I M A R Y S I D E BL OC K E D ; H E A T E X C H A N G E R S PC : P A S S I N G C O N T A M I N A N T ; F I L T E R S 4 S T R A I N E R S P D : P R E M A T U R E D I S C H A R G E ; A C C U M U L A T O R PF : P R O T E C T I O N 4 C O N T R O L F A I L ED ; T R A N S F O R M E R PI : P I M FAILS, C O M P U T E R S P O : P R E M A T U R E O P E N I N G ; F U S E S PS : P.S. DRIF TS , C O M P U T E R S RF : R E L A Y FAULT, C O M P U T E R S RU : RU PT U R E ; E X P A N S I O N J O I N T R W : R O T O R W I N D I N G ; M A I N G E N E R A T O R SA : S P U R I O U S A N N U N C I A T I O N ; A N N U N C I A T O R S B : S E C O N D A R Y S I D E B L O C K E D ; H E A T E X C H A N G E R S SC : S H O R T CI R C U I T ; B U S ,M O T O R ,T R A N S F O R M E R ,M O T O R S T A R T E R , INVE NT ER , R E C T I F I E R S D : S P E E D CO N T R O L ; M O T O R G E N E R A T O R 600 V A C SF : P O W E R S U P P L Y FAULT, C O M P U T E R S SH : S E T PT. HIGH, H U M A N ERROR; R E L I E F V A L V E SO : S P U R I O U S O P E R A T I O N ; P R E S S U R E S W I T C H , T E M P E R A T U R E SWIT CH , L E V E L SWIT CH , F L O W SWITCH, M O T O R S T A R T E R SP : P R O T E C T I O N Z O N E F A I L U R E (S P U R I O U S O P E R A T I O N O F P R O T E C ­ T I O N A N D C O N T R O L E Q U I P M E N T ) ; BU S SR : S P U R I O U S O P E N I N G ; C I R C U I T B R E A K E R SW : S T A T O R WI N D I N G ; M A I N G E N E R A T O R T A : S I D E I N LE T VALVE; A I R D R Y E R T B : S I D E E X H A U S T VALVE; A I R D R Y E R T C : I & C F A I L U R E ; A I R D R Y E R ,C O M P R E S S O R S T D : F I L T E R (E X H A U S T / P U R G E ); A I R D R Y E R T E : P R E F I L T S R ; A I R D R Y E R T F : S I L E N C E R / M U F F L E R ; A I R D R Y E R TG : R E G E N E R A T I O N FAN; A I R D R Y E R TH : HEAT ER ; A I R D R Y E R TI : C H A N G E O V E R VALV ES ; AIR D R Y E R TJ : C O N T R O L LOGIC; A I R D R Y E R T K : L U B O I L PUMP; C O M P R E S S O R S TL : B E L T H O US IN G; C O M P R E S S O R S T M : L O A D / U N L O A D S O L E N O I D ; C O M P R E S S O R S T N : V A L V E S HP/LP, "O" RING; COMPRESSORS. T O : E L E C T R I C A L ; C O M P R E S S O R S T P : HP C Y L I N D E R ; C O M P R E S S O R S T Q : LP C Y L I N D E R ; C O M P R E S S O R S T R : C O O L I N G ; C O M P R E S S O R S T S : M O T O R / D R I V E ; C O M P R E S S O R S T T : B E A R I N G ; C O M P R E S S O R S T U : V E N T F I L T E R / I N T A K E SIL; C O M P R E S S O R S T V : L O A D E R / U N L O A D E R ; C O M P R E S S O R S TW : P A S S I N G ; D A M P E R S UA : P L U G G E D ; F I L T E R S A N D S T R A I N E R S . H E A T E X C H A N G E R S U B : O U T P U T O U T O F S P E C I F I C A T I O N ; F I L T E R S A N D S T R A I N E R S , H E A T E X C H A N G E R S U C : I N A D E Q U A T E H E A T T R A N S F E R ; H E A T E X C H A N G E R S UF : C A S I N G ; C C W M A I N B U T T E R F L Y V A L V E S UG : A D J U S M E N T ; C C W M A I N B U T T E R F L Y V A L V E S ,M O T O R I Z E D UI : G E A R BOX; C C W M A I N B U T T E R F L Y V A L V E S ,M O T O R I Z E D UJ : I N D I C A T O R ; C C W M A I N B U T T E R F L Y V A L V E S ,M O T O R I Z E D

UK : H A R D W H F E L ;CCW MAIN BUTT E R F L Y V A L V E S ,M O T O R I Z E D UL : G L A N D ; C C W MAIN B U T T E R F L Y V A L V E S ,M O T O R I Z E D

UM : TO R Q U E S WI T C H ; C C W MAIN BUTTERFLY V A L V E S ,M O T O RIZED UN : U N S P E C I F I E D

UP : LIM I T SWIT C Hj C C W MAIN BUTT E R F L Y V A L V E S ,MOT OR I Z E D UR : SHAVI N G S IN S EA T : C CW MAIN B U T T E RF LY V A L V E S ,MOTOR I ZED US : MANUAL O V E R R I D E ; C C W M AIN BUTT E R FL Y V A L V E S ,MOTORI ZED UT : O U T OF CALIBRATION; CSDV

UV : S E I Z E D ; T R A V E L L I N G WATER SCREENS

UW : FO R C E D PROBABILITY; C O M B U S T I O N TU R B I N UNITS

UX : S C H E D U L E D UNAVAILABILITY; C O M B U S T I O N T U R B I N UNITS UY : START FAILURE; CO M B U S T I O N TURBIN UNITS

UZ : RUNNING UNRELIABILITY; C O M B U S T I O N T U R B I N UNITS VI : VIBRATION; MOTOR G E N E R A T O R 600 V AC

WF : WDT FAILS, CO M PU T ER S

(■* ) S a m e f a i l u r e m o d e s e x p r e s s e d d i f f e r e n t l y in d i f f e r e n t s o u r c e s .