Fertility
Litter size
Approximate Litter Sizes
Expected from Different Animal Species
• Dairy cows %85
• Mares %50-60
• Sheep (field) %70-80
• Sheep (farm) %100-150
Important Factors in a Productive Breding Plan;
• Litter size is the most important yield.
• High yield breeding cannot be done with animals that have low litter sizes.
• Basic information and appropriate structural factors concerning Reproduction have to exist.
12/20/2021 Prof. Dr. Necmettin TEKİN 4
Suni Tohumlama faaliyetleri
Important Factors Affecting Fertility
Somatic Faktors Environmental Factors
Heritage Climate
Diseases Maintenance
Production Nutrition
Other Factors Affecting
Reproduction
Somatic Factors Affecting Reproduction
HEREDITY
Heraditary Diseases that can be Transmitted with Semen
• CVM (complex vertebral malformation)
• BLAD (Bovine leucocyte adhesion deficiency)
• DUMPS (deficiency of uridine monophosphate synthase)
• MSUD (Maple syrup urine disease)
• Mule Foot
• Weaver
• SMA (Spinal Muscular atrophy)
• Limber Legs
• RVC (Recto vaginal constriction)
• Prolonged Gestation
• Cryptorchidizm
• Hairless
• White Heifer Disease
• Polled
Somatic Factors that Affect Fertility
DISEASES
Bacterial
Camplyobacterious Salmonellosis
Leptospirosis Haeomofilus Brucellosis
Viral
BVD IBR/IPV
Blue Tongue
Protozoan
Trichomoniasis Neosporosis
Fungal
Aspergillus
PRODUCTION
• Breeding and production type
• Pregnancy interval; < 85 days
• Parturition interval; < 400 days
Somatic Factors that Affect
Fertility
CLIMATE
• Light
• Temperature
• Humidity
• Smell
• Sound
• Others
Reproductive dynamic Biorythym
Photoperiod
Environmental Factors that
Affect Fertility
MAINTENANCE
• Keeper education
• Enterprise layout
NUTRITION
• Protein, vitamin, minerals, energy sources and others
• Age of puberty (Gametogenezis)
• Age of breeding
Environmental Factors that
Affect Fertility
Cases in which Reproduction is Affected in Farm Animals
• Genetics %15
• Nutrition %30
• Reproduction defects %40
• Disease, hygene etc.%15
