Two different groups of info

(1)

Two different groups of info



Quantitative

information:

Intensity

of

luminescence

signal,

signal

integrals,

sensitization

(

quantifying TL

)



Qualitative information =

Characteristics of the

TL peak for understanding the mechanism as

well as for assessing the lifetime of each trap

Activation energy, frequency factor, order of

kinetics

 towards estimating the life time of

(2)

Handbook of thermoluminescence, C. Furetta

(3)

Handbook of thermoluminescence, C. Furetta

(4)

Methods for determining E

a)The simplest procedure is that searching for a linear

relationship

between

glow

temperature

and

activation

energy.  First order of kinetics

Requires knowledge of s.

b)E value independent on s. Thermal quenching and

temperature lag could result in underestimation

Low

β

c)E value not affected by thermal quenching but s value is

some affected 

Low

β is suggested

(5)

5 different methods for E



De-convolution (

both quantitative and qualitative

info

)



Initial rise technique



Fractional glow technique



Various heating rates method

(Check for thermal

quenching first)

(6)

Fractional glow

0 20 40 60 80 100 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

100

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

%36

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 0 50 100 150 200 250

120

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0 100 200 300 400 500

130

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

140

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

150

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 -1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

160 TL

(a

.u.)

Temperature (

o

C)

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 -2000 0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 16000

170

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000

180

(7)

Initial part:

Boltzmann factor

Initial Rise Technique

Arrhenius plot

28

30

32

34

36

38

40

42

44

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5 ln

(TL

)

1/kT

Equation

y = a +

Adj. R-Squ 0.9454

Value Standard E

E

Interce

30.00 1.27029

E

Slope

-0.832

0.04163

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0

50

100

150

200

250 TL

(a

.u

.)

T (

o

C)

120

(8)

Initial part:

Boltzmann factor

Initial Rise Technique

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

0 3000

6000

9000

12000

15000

T

L

(a.u

.)

T (

o

C)

170 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10 ln(T

L)

1/kT

Equation y = a +

Adj. R-Sq 0.9992

Value Standard

E

Interce

45.80 0.14951

E

Slope

-1.374

0.00537

Arrhenius plot

Intercept~ln(s)

(9)

(10)

First order

Second order

(11)

Initial part:

Boltzmann factor

Initial Rise Technique

(12)

First order

Isothermal decay