DKY anında NT pro-BNP, B-çizgi ve VCI ekspiratuar çap düzeylerinde
taburculuk anına kıyasla anlamlı olarak azalma saptandı.
NYHA düzeyleri ile DKY anında NT pro-BNP, B-çizgi ve VCI ekspiratuar çap
düzeyleri arasında pozitif korelasyon saptandı.
Diğer risk faktörlerinden bağımsız olarak DKY anında ve taburculukta bakılan
NT pro-BNP ve B-çizgi düzeyleri hem tekrar hastaneye başvuru hem de mortalitenin bağımsız öngördürücüleri olarak saptandı.
Tek başına VCI ekspiratuar çapı hem tekrar hastaneye başvuru hem de
mortalite ile ilişkili iken; Everest skoru, kreatinin ve NT pro-BNP düzeylerinin dahil edildiği regresyon modelinde (Model II) VCI ekspiratuar çapının anlamlılığını kaybettiği saptandı.
DKY hastalarında tekrar hasteneye başvuru ve mortalite riski açısından yapılan
tanısal performans analizinde, NT pro-BNP ve B-çizgi düzeylerindeki yüzde değişimin yüksek tanısal performans sergilediği gösterildi.
KAYNAKLAR
1. McMurray JJ, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD, Auricchio A, Bohm M,
Dickstein K, et al. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(14):1787-847.
2. Sanderson JE, Tse TF. Heart failure: a global disease requiring a global response. Heart. 2003;89(6):585-6.
3. Bouvy ML, Heerdink ER, Leufkens HG, Hoes AW. Predicting mortality in
patients with heart failure: a pragmatic approach. Heart. 2003;89(6):605-9.
4. Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JGF, Coats AJS, et
al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2016;69(12):1167. 5. Benjamin EJ, Blaha MJ, Chiuve SE, Cushman M, Das SR, Deo R, et al.
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2017 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017;135(10):e146-e603.
6. Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG,
et al. 2009 focused update incorporated into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: developed in collaboration with the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. Circulation. 2009;119(14):e391-479.
7. McMurray JJ, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD, Auricchio A, Bohm M,
Dickstein K, et al. ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European
Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. 2012;14(8):803-69.
8. Maggioni AP, Dahlstrom U, Filippatos G, Chioncel O, Crespo Leiro M, Drozdz J, et al. EURObservational Research Programme: regional differences and 1-year follow-up results of the Heart Failure Pilot Survey (ESC-HF Pilot). Eur J Heart Fail. 2013;15(7):808-17.
9. Pocock SJ, Ariti CA, McMurray JJ, Maggioni A, Kober L, Squire IB, et al.
Predicting survival in heart failure: a risk score based on 39 372 patients from 30 studies. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(19):1404-13.
10. Gerber Y, Weston SA, Redfield MM, Chamberlain AM, Manemann SM,
Jiang R, et al. A contemporary appraisal of the heart failure epidemic in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 2000 to 2010. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175(6):996-1004.
11. Degertekin M, Erol C, Ergene O, Tokgozoglu L, Aksoy M, Erol MK, et al.
[Heart failure prevalence and predictors in Turkey: HAPPY study]. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2012;40(4):298-308.
12. Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart F. The survival of patients with heart failure with preserved or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(14):1750-7.
13. Swedberg K, Cleland J, Dargie H, Drexler H, Follath F, Komajda M, et al.
Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: executive summary (update 2005): The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2005;26(11):1115-40.
14. Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JG, Coats AJ, et al.
2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).
Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur J Heart Fail. 2016;18(8):891-975.
15. Kemp CD, Conte JV. The pathophysiology of heart failure. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2012;21(5):365-71.
16. Ross J, Jr., Braunwald E. Studies on Starling's Law of the Heart. Ix. The Effects of Impeding Venous Return on Performance of the Normal and Failing Human Left Ventricle. Circulation. 1964;30:719-27.
17. Chaggar PS, Malkin CJ, Shaw SM, Williams SG, Channer KS.
Neuroendocrine effects on the heart and targets for therapeutic manipulation in heart failure. Cardiovasc Ther. 2009;27(3):187-93.
18. Shah AM, Mann DL. In search of new therapeutic targets and strategies for
heart failure: recent advances in basic science. Lancet. 2011;378(9792):704- 12.
19. Bredy C, Ministeri M, Kempny A, Alonso-Gonzalez R, Swan L, Uebing A,
et al. New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification in adults with congenital heart disease: relation to objective measures of exercise and outcome. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes. 2018;4(1):51-8.
20. Dolgin MNYHA, and Criteria Committee. Nomenclature and criteria for
diagnosis of diseases of the heart and great vessels / the Criteria Committee of the New York Heart Association. Boston : Little, Brown Brown & Co;1994.p.253-6. 1994.
21. McMurray JJ. Clinical practice. Systolic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2010;362(3):228-38.
22. Chen J, Normand SL, Wang Y, Krumholz HM. National and regional trends
in heart failure hospitalization and mortality rates for Medicare beneficiaries, 1998-2008. JAMA. 2011;306(15):1669-78.
23. Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG,
et al. ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult: a report of the American College of
Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2005;112(12):e154-235.
24. Kelder JC, Cramer MJ, van Wijngaarden J, van Tooren R, Mosterd A, Moons KG, et al. The diagnostic value of physical examination and additional testing in primary care patients with suspected heart failure. Circulation. 2011;124(25):2865-73.
25. Borlaug BA, Paulus WJ. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Eur Heart J. 2011;32(6):670-9. 26. Mangini S, Pires PV, Braga FG, Bacal F. Decompensated heart failure.
Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2013;11(3):383-91.
27. Gheorghiade M, Zannad F, Sopko G, Klein L, Pina IL, Konstam MA, et al.
Acute heart failure syndromes: current state and framework for future research. Circulation. 2005;112(25):3958-68.
28. Galdo JA, Riggs AR, Morris A. Acute decompensated heart failure. US Pharmacist. 2013;38(2):HS-2 8.
29. Joseph SM, Cedars AM, Ewald GA, Geltman EM, Mann DL. Acute
decompensated heart failure: contemporary medical management. Texas Heart Institute Journal. 2009;36(6):510.
30. Montera MW, Pereira SB, Colafranceschi AS, Almeida DRd, Tinoco EM,
Rocha RM, et al. Summary of the II Brazilian guideline update on acute
heart failure 2009/2011. Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia.
2012;98(5):375-83.
31. Ambrosy AP, Pang PS, Khan S, Konstam MA, Fonarow GC, Traver B, et
al. Clinical course and predictive value of congestion during hospitalization in patients admitted for worsening signs and symptoms of heart failure with
reduced ejection fraction: findings from the EVEREST trial. Eur Heart J. 2013;34(11):835-43.
32. Wang CS, FitzGerald JM, Schulzer M, Mak E, Ayas NT. Does this
dyspneic patient in the emergency department have congestive heart failure? Jama. 2005;294(15):1944-56.
33. Givertz MM, Teerlink JR, Albert NM, Canary CAW, Collins SP, Colvin- Adams M, et al. Acute decompensated heart failure: update on new and emerging evidence and directions for future research. Journal of cardiac failure. 2013;19(6):371-89.
34. Forrester JS, Diamond G, Chatterjee K, Swan H. Medical therapy of acute
myocardial infarction by application of hemodynamic subsets. New England Journal of Medicine. 1976;295(24):1356-62.
35. Greenberg B. Acute decompensated heart failure. Circulation Journal.
2012;76(3):532-43.
36. Maisel AS, Krishnaswamy P, Nowak RM, McCord J, Hollander JE, Duc P,
et al. Rapid measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency diagnosis of heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(3):161-7.
37. Januzzi Jr JL, Camargo CA, Anwaruddin S, Baggish AL, Chen AA, Krauser
DG, et al. The N-terminal Pro-BNP investigation of dyspnea in the emergency department (PRIDE) study. The American journal of cardiology. 2005;95(8):948-54.
38. Jourdain P, Jondeau G, Funck F, Gueffet P, Le Helloco A, Donal E, et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide-guided therapy to improve outcome in heart failure: the STARS-BNP Multicenter Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2007;49(16):1733-9.
39. Pfisterer M, Buser P, Rickli H, Gutmann M, Erne P, Rickenbacher P, et al.
BNP-guided vs symptom-guided heart failure therapy: the Trial of Intensified vs Standard Medical Therapy in Elderly Patients With
Congestive Heart Failure (TIME-CHF) randomized trial. Jama. 2009;301(4):383-92.
40. Maisel AS. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels: diagnostic and
therapeutic potential. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2001;2 Suppl 2:S13-8.
41. Daniels LB, Allison MA, Clopton P, Redwine L, Siecke N, Taylor K, et al.
Use of natriuretic peptides in pre-participation screening of college athletes. Int J Cardiol. 2008;124(3):411-4.
42. Januzzi JL, Jr., Camargo CA, Anwaruddin S, Baggish AL, Chen AA,
Krauser DG, et al. The N-terminal Pro-BNP investigation of dyspnea in the emergency department (PRIDE) study. Am J Cardiol. 2005;95(8):948-54.
43. Mueller C, McDonald K, de Boer RA, Maisel A, Cleland JGF, Kozhuharov
N, et al. Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology practical guidance on the use of natriuretic peptide concentrations. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(6):715-31.
44. Cotter G, Cotter OM, Kaluski E. Hemodynamic monitoring in acute heart failure. Critical care medicine. 2008;36(1):S40-S3.
45. Gheorghiade M, Follath F, Ponikowski P, Barsuk JH, Blair JE, Cleland JG,
et al. Assessing and grading congestion in acute heart failure: a scientific statement from the acute heart failure committee of the heart failure association of the European Society of Cardiology and endorsed by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine. Eur J Heart Fail. 2010;12(5):423-33.
46. Beigel R, Cercek B, Luo H, Siegel RJ. Noninvasive evaluation of right atrial pressure. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2013;26(9):1033-42.
47. Rudski LG, Lai WW, Afilalo J, Hua L, Handschumacher MD,
Chandrasekaran K, et al. Guidelines for the echocardiographic assessment of the right heart in adults: a report from the American Society of
Echocardiography, a registered branch of the European Society of Cardiology, and the Canadian Society of Echocardiography. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2010;23(7):685-713.
48. Carbone F, Bovio M, Rosa GM, Ferrando F, Scarrone A, Murialdo G, et al.
Inferior vena cava parameters predict re‐admission in ischaemic heart failure. European journal of clinical investigation. 2014;44(4):341-9.
49. Ciozda W, Kedan I, Kehl DW, Zimmer R, Khandwalla R, Kimchi A. The efficacy of sonographic measurement of inferior vena cava diameter as an estimate of central venous pressure. Cardiovasc Ultrasound. 2016;14(1):33. 50. Gheorghiade M, Filippatos G, De Luca L, Burnett J. Congestion in acute
heart failure syndromes: an essential target of evaluation and treatment. The American journal of medicine. 2006;119(12):S3-S10.
51. Lichtenstein D, Meziere G, Biderman P, Gepner A. The comet-tail artifact:
an ultrasound sign ruling out pneumothorax. Intensive care medicine. 1999;25(4):383-8.
52. Jambrik Z, Monti S, Coppola V, Agricola E, Mottola G, Miniati M, et al. Usefulness of ultrasound lung comets as a nonradiologic sign of extravascular lung water. The American journal of cardiology. 2004;93(10):1265-70.
53. Agricola E, Bove T, Oppizzi M, Marino G, Zangrillo A, Margonato A, et al.
“Ultrasound comet-tail images”: a marker of pulmonary edema: a comparative study with wedge pressure and extravascular lung water. Chest. 2005;127(5):1690-5.
54. Agricola E, Picano E, Oppizzi M, Pisani M, Meris A, Fragasso G, et al. Assessment of stress-induced pulmonary interstitial edema by chest ultrasound during exercise echocardiography and its correlation with left ventricular function. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2006;19(4):457-63.
55. Volpicelli G, Caramello V, Cardinale L, Mussa A, Bar F, Frascisco MF. Bedside ultrasound of the lung for the monitoring of acute decompensated
heart failure. The American journal of emergency medicine.
2008;26(5):585-91.
56. Copetti R, Soldati G, Copetti P. Chest sonography: a useful tool to differentiate acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema from acute respiratory distress syndrome. Cardiovascular ultrasound. 2008;6(1):16.
57. Rivas-Lasarte M, Maestro-Benedicto A, Fernandez-Martinez J, Álvarez-
García J, Solé-González E, López-López L, et al. Lung Ultrasound May Reduce Heart Failure Hospitalizations: Preliminary Results from the LUS- HF Trial. The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation. 2019;38(4):S141.
58. Gargani L. Lung ultrasound: a new tool for the cardiologist. Cardiovascular
ultrasound. 2011;9(1):6.
59. Miglioranza MH, Gargani L, Sant'Anna RT, Rover MM, Martins VM,
Mantovani A, et al. Lung ultrasound for the evaluation of pulmonary congestion in outpatients: a comparison with clinical assessment, natriuretic
peptides, and echocardiography. JACC Cardiovasc Imaging.
2013;6(11):1141-51.
60. Picano E, Frassi F, Agricola E, Gligorova S, Gargani L, Mottola G. Ultrasound lung comets: a clinically useful sign of extravascular lung water. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography. 2006;19(3):356-63.
61. Platz E, Merz AA, Jhund PS, Vazir A, Campbell R, McMurray JJ. Dynamic
changes and prognostic value of pulmonary congestion by lung ultrasound in acute and chronic heart failure: a systematic review. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017;19(9):1154-63.
62. De Luca L, Fonarow GC, Adams KF, Mebazaa A, Tavazzi L, Swedberg K,
et al. Acute heart failure syndromes: clinical scenarios and pathophysiologic targets for therapy. Heart failure reviews. 2007;12(2):97-104.
63. Peter JV, Moran JL, Phillips-Hughes J, Graham P, Bersten AD. Effect of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) on mortality in patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema: a meta-analysis. The Lancet. 2006;367(9517):1155-63.
64. Abraham WT, Adams KF, Fonarow GC, Costanzo MR, Berkowitz RL,
LeJemtel TH, et al. In-hospital mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure requiring intravenous vasoactive medications: an analysis from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE). Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2005;46(1):57- 64.
65. Elkayam U, Janmohamed M, Habib M, Hatamizadeh P. Vasodilators in the
management of acute heart failure. Critical care medicine. 2008;36(1):S95- S105.
66. Petersen JW, Felker GM. Inotropes in the management of acute heart failure. Critical care medicine. 2008;36(1):S106-S11.
67. Nieminen MS, Akkila J, Hasenfuss G, Kleber FX, Lehtonen LA, Mitrovic V, et al. Hemodynamic and neurohumoral effects of continuous infusion of levosimendan in patients with congestive heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2000;36(6):1903-12.
68. Follath F, Cleland JG, Just H, Papp JG, Scholz H, Peuhkurinen K, et al. Efficacy and safety of intravenous levosimendan compared with dobutamine in severe low-output heart failure (the LIDO study): a randomised double-blind trial. Lancet. 2002;360(9328):196-202.
69. Moiseyev VS, Poder P, Andrejevs N, Ruda MY, Golikov AP, Lazebnik LB,
et al. Safety and efficacy of a novel calcium sensitizer, levosimendan, in patients with left ventricular failure due to an acute myocardial infarction. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study (RUSSLAN). Eur Heart J. 2002;23(18):1422-32.
70. Mebazaa A, Nieminen MS, Packer M, Cohen-Solal A, Kleber FX, Pocock SJ, et al. Levosimendan vs dobutamine for patients with acute decompensated heart failure: the SURVIVE Randomized Trial. Jama. 2007;297(17):1883-91.
71. Wang DJ, Gottlieb SS. Diuretics: still the mainstay of treatment. Critical care medicine. 2008;36(1):S89-S94.
72. Chatti R, Fradj NB, Trabelsi W, Kechiche H, Tavares M, Mebazaa A. Algorithm for therapeutic management of acute heart failure syndromes. Heart failure reviews. 2007;12(2):113-7.
73. Fonarow GC, Adams KF, Abraham WT, Yancy CW, Boscardin WJ,
Committee ASA. Risk stratification for in-hospital mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure: classification and regression tree analysis. Jama. 2005;293(5):572-80.
74. Metra M, Cotter G, Gheorghiade M, Dei Cas L, Voors AA. The role of the
kidney in heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2012;33(17):2135-42.
75. Smith GL, Vaccarino V, Kosiborod M, Lichtman JH, Cheng S, Watnick
SG, et al. Worsening renal function: what is a clinically meaningful change in creatinine during hospitalization with heart failure? Journal of cardiac failure. 2003;9(1):13-25.
76. Jambrik Z, Monti S, Coppola V, Agricola E, Mottola G, Miniati M, et al. Usefulness of ultrasound lung comets as a nonradiologic sign of extravascular lung water. Am J Cardiol. 2004;93(10):1265-70.
77. Petersen JL, Blackstone EH, Rajeswaran J, Cohen DJ, Douglas PS, Hahn RT, et al. Readmission for acute decompensated heart failure among patients successfully treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a PARTNER-1 substudy. Structural Heart. 2018;2(4):316-27.
78. Laryea S, Hughes W. Risk and price in the bidding process of contractors.
79. Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JGF, Coats AJS, et al. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(27):2129-200.
80. Bayés-Genís A, Lopez L, Zapico E, Cotes C, Santaló M, Ordonez-Llanos J,
et al. NT-ProBNP reduction percentage during admission for acutely decompensated heart failure predicts long-term cardiovascular mortality. Journal of cardiac failure. 2005;11(5):S3-S8.
81. Bettencourt P, Azevedo A, Pimenta J, Friões F, Ferreira S, Ferreira A. N- terminal–pro-brain natriuretic peptide predicts outcome after hospital discharge in heart failure patients. Circulation. 2004;110(15):2168-74.
82. Silver MA, Maisel A, Yancy CW, McCullough PA, Burnett Jr JC, Francis
GS, et al. BNP Consensus Panel 2004: A clinical approach for the diagnostic, prognostic, screening, treatment monitoring, and therapeutic roles of natriuretic peptides in cardiovascular diseases. Congestive heart failure. 2004;10:1-30.
83. Nohria A, Mielniczuk LM, Stevenson LW. Evaluation and monitoring of patients with acute heart failure syndromes. The American journal of cardiology. 2005;96(6):32-40.
84. Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K, Hisanaga T, Maeda Y, Fukai D, et al. Attenuation of compensation of endogenous cardiac natriuretic peptide system in chronic heart failure: prognostic role of plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentration in patients with chronic symptomatic left ventricular dysfunction. Circulation. 1997;96(2):509-16.
85. Troughton RW, Frampton CM, Yandle TG, Espine EA, Nicholls MG,
Richards AM. Treatment of heart failure guided by plasma aminoterminal
86. Di Somma S, Magrini L, Mazzone M, De Leva R, Tabacco F, Marino R, et al. Decrease in NTproBNP plasma levels indicates clinical improvement of acute decompensated heart failure. The American journal of emergency medicine. 2007;25(3):335-9.
87. Kazanegra R, Cheng V, Garcia A, Krishnaswamy P, Gardetto N, Clopton P,
et al. A rapid test for B-type natriuretic peptide correlates with falling wedge pressures in patients treated for decompensated heart failure: a pilot study. Journal of cardiac failure. 2001;7(1):21-9.
88. Salah K, Kok WE, Eurlings LW, Bettencourt P, Pimenta JM, Metra M, et al.
A novel discharge risk model for patients hospitalised for acute decompensated heart failure incorporating N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels: a European coLlaboration on Acute decompeNsated Heart Failure: ELAN-HF Score. Heart. 2014;100(2):115-25.
89. Di Somma S, Magrini L, Pittoni V, Marino R, Mastrantuono A, Ferri E, et
al. In-hospital percentage BNP reduction is highly predictive for adverse events in patients admitted for acute heart failure: the Italian RED Study. Critical care. 2010;14(3):R116.
90. Verdiani V, Ognibene A, Rutili MS, Lombardo C, Bacci F, Terreni A, et al.
NT-ProBNP reduction percentage during hospital stay predicts long-term mortality and readmission in heart failure patients. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine. 2008;9(7):694-9.
91. Maeda K, Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Mabuchi N, Hayashi M, Tsutsui T, et al.
High levels of plasma brain natriuretic peptide and interleukin-6 after optimized treatment for heart failure are independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality in patients with congestive heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2000;36(5):1587-93.
92. Stanek B, Frey B, Hülsmann M, Berger R, Sturm B, Strametz-Juranek J, et
al. Prognostic evaluation of neurohumoral plasma levels before and during beta-blocker therapy in advanced left ventricular dysfunction. Journal of the
93. Michtalik HJ, Yeh H-C, Campbell CY, Haq N, Park H, Clarke W, et al. Acute changes in N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide during hospitalization and risk of readmission and mortality in patients with heart failure. The American journal of cardiology. 2011;107(8):1191-5.
94. Hernandez MB, Schwartz RS, Asher CR, Navas EV, Totfalusi V, Buitrago
I, et al. Predictors of 30‐day readmission in patients hospitalized with decompensated heart failure. Clinical cardiology. 2013;36(9):542-7.
95. Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K, Mabuchi N, Hayashi M, Tsutsui T, et al.
Effect of spironolactone on plasma brain natriuretic peptide and left ventricular remodeling in patients with congestive heart failure. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2001;37(5):1228-33.
96. Sharma A, Felker GM. Brain Natriuretic Peptide Treatment and Heart
Failure Prevention: Reliving the Mistakes of the Past or Charting a New Course for the Future? : JACC: Heart Failure; 2016.
97. Gustafsson M, Alehagen U, Johansson P. Imaging congestion with a pocket
ultrasound device: prognostic implications in patients with chronic heart failure. Journal of cardiac failure. 2015;21(7):548-54.
98. Picano E, Gargani L. Ultrasound lung comets: the shape of lung water. European journal of heart failure. 2012;14(11):1194-6.
99. Lichtenstein D, Meziere G, Biderman P, Gepner A, Barre O. The comet-tail
artifact: an ultrasound sign of alveolar-interstitial syndrome. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 1997;156(5):1640-6. 100. Lichtenstein D, Meziere G, editors. Ultrasound diagnosis of an acute
dyspnea. Critical Care; 2003: BioMed Central.
101. Fagenholz PJ, Gutman JA, Murray AF, Noble VE, Thomas SH, Harris NS.
Chest ultrasonography for the diagnosis and monitoring of high-altitude pulmonary edema. Chest. 2007;131(4):1013-8.
102. Miglioranza MH, Gargani L, Sant'Anna RT, Rover MM, Martins VM,
congestion in outpatients: a comparison with clinical assessment, natriuretic