ABÛ BAKR
Abu Bakr was probably born shortly after 570 as he is said to have been three years
younger than Prophet Muhammad. His father
was Abu Kuhafa (Uthman) b. Amir of the clan
of Taym of the tribe of Kurayshi. His mother
was Umm al-Khayr (Salma) bint Sakhr of the
same clan.
He was later known as al-Siddik, the truthful,
the upright,or the one who counts true; the
last meaning is supported by the tradition
that he alone immediately believed Prophet
Muhammad's story of his night-journey.
In the course of his life he had four wives.
Little is known about Abu Bakr's life before his
conversion. He was a merchant.He is not mentioned as having travelled
to Syria or elsewhere, but he was an expert
in the genealogies of the Arab tribes.
CALİPH ABÛ BAKR'S FİRST ADDRESS
"Now then: O people, I have been put in
charge of you although I am not the best of you. Help me if I do well; rectify me if I do wrong. Truthfulness is loyalty and falsehood is disloyalty. The weak among you shall be
strong in my eyes until I ensure his right, God willing; and the strong
among you shall be weak in my eyes until I
wrest the right from him, God willing.
No one from you should refrain from fighting in the cause of God, because if it is forsaken by a people, God will smite them with
disgrace. Foul things never become
widespread in a people but God brings
calamity upon them. Obey me as long as I obey God and His Messenger; if I disobey them, you are not bound to obey me.
Perform your prayers. May God have mercy
on you!"
He took the title of Khalifat Rasûl Allah,
‘deputy or successor of the messenger of God’.
●The Expedition of Usama bin Zayd
On the first day of his caliphate, Abu Bakr ordered the army of Usama to prepare for march. Abu Bakr was under great pressure regarding this expedition due to rising
rebellion and apostasy across Arabia.
Before his march, Usama sent Umar to Caliph
Abu Bakr and is reported to have said:
Go to the Caliph, ask him to permit the army to remain at Medina. All the leaders of the community are with me. If we go, none will be left to prevent the infidels from tearing Medina to pieces. (see. Tabari,
Abû Bakr refused.
● The Ridda wars (Arabic: ةدرلااا بوراح), also known as the Wars of Apostasy, were a
series of military campaigns launched by the Caliph Abû Bakr against rebel Arabian tribes during 632 and 633 AD, just after Prophet Muhammad died.
Some rebels followed either Tulayha or Musaylima orSajjah, all of whom claimed
prophethood. Most of the tribes were defeated and brought back to Islam. The peoples
surrounding Mecca did not revolt.
“The Badwins said: ‘We believed. Say: ‘you did not believe. Thus you should say, we
submitted’. Yet the belief has not reached
your hearts…”Hujurat,49/14
●The Qur'an — preservation
A committee headed by Zayd ibn Sabit.
● Conquest of Sassanid Persian Empire
