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BIO 448 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF DIFFERENTIATION

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(1)

BIO 448

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF

DIFFERENTIATION

(2)

The Role of Formation in Organ Development

• spatial organization of the organism

• linked to morphogenesis

(3)

• apoptosis

• cell adhesion

• formation of chemical gradients

• cell movements

(4)

Some cells are programmed to die

• apoptosis

• "Death genes“

• ced-3 and ced-4 genes in C. elegans

• ced-9 gene in C. elegans

(5)

Some cells are programmed to die

• caspases

• bcl-2 gene

(6)

Morphogenes

• provides positional information in the development of animal limbs

• produced in one place, diffused and leads to the conclusion that different cells are exposed to different concentrations of morphogenes and thus develop in different ways, forming a

"concentration gradient".

(7)

• concentration gradient of morphogen

• anteroposterior axis

• proximodistal axis

• dorsoventral axis

• polarized activity zone

(8)

• polarized activity zone: provides "Positional Information“

• different parts of the limbs develop at specific distances from polarized activity zone.

• Exp: retinoic acid

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