İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi Journal of Islamic Review

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Journal of Islamic Review

İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi - Journal of Islamic Review 10, 2 (2020): 501-552

DOI: 10.26650/iuitd.2020.743061 Araştırma Makalesi / Research Article

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1Sorumlu yazar/Corresponding author:

Mehmet Kalaycı (Doç. Dr.), Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi, Ankara, Türkiye

E-posta: [email protected] ORCID: 0000-0002-9016-3123

Başvuru/Submitted: 27.05.2020 Revizyon Talebi/Revision Requested:

24.06.2020

Son Revizyon/Last Revision Received:

29.06.2020

Kabul/Accepted: 15.08.2020

Atıf/Citation: Kalaycı Mehmet. Süleymaniye’de Bir Hâfız-ı Kütüb: Mehmet Hazmi Tura (öl. 1960) ve Yazma Eserlere Düştüğü Tetkik Notları. İslam Tetkikleri Dergisi-Journal of Islamic Review 10/2, (Eylül 2020): 501-552.

https://doi.org/10.26650/iuitd.2020.743061

ÖZ

Bu yazıya konu olan içerik, yaklaşık sekiz ay süren araştırmanın neticesinde şekillenmiştir. Fahreddin er-Râzî’nin Esrâru’t-Tenzîl isimli eserinin, müellif hattı olduğu iddia edilen bir nüshasının hatimesine düşülmüş bir not, yazının hareket noktasını oluşturmuştur. Metnin, müellif hattı olmadığının ispatı sadedindeki notun sahibi Mehmed Hazmi Tura’dır. Kendisi, Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e geçiş sürecinde yaşamış, uzun yıllar hâfız-ı kütüblük yapmış ve mutasavvıf kimliğiyle ön plana çıkmış bir kimsedir; on yıl kadar da Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi müdürlüğü yapmıştır. Onun başka eserler üzerine benzer notlar düşmüş olabileceği ihtimalinden hareketle, tarafımızca Laleli koleksiyonu özelinde bir araştırma gerçekleştirilmiştir; bu çerçevede zahriye sayfalarına düşülmüş ona ait başka notlar da tespit edilmiştir. Yazının muhtevası, büyük ölçüde, bu notların tahlili üzerine kuruludur. Ayrıca bu notların düşülmesine yön vermesi muhtemel saikler ele alınmaya çalışılmış, bu amaçla da Tura’nın yaşadığı dönemde yazma eserlerin kataloglarının oluşturulması odaklı yoğun tasnif faaliyetine dikkat çekilmiştir. Bu sayede, Tura’nın düştüğü notlara kütüphanelerin kataloglanması gibi daha geniş bir zaviyeden bakma imkanı sunan ve onun kütüphaneci geçmişine ayna tutan genel bir resim ortaya çıkarılmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Mehmet Hazmi Tura, yazma eserler, Süleymaniye kütüphanesi, kütüphaneler tasnif komisyonu, Laleli koleksiyon

ABSTRACT

The content of this article has been shaped by nearly eight months of research. A note on the epilogue of a copy of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s work Asrār al-Tanzīl, which is claimed to be the copy of the author, is the departure point of the article. The note asserting that the calligraphy is not by the author belongs to Mehmet Hazmi Tura. Tura, who lived in the transition period between the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic and stands out because of his Sufi identity, worked as the director of the Süleymaniye Library for approximately ten years. Regarding that there might be similar notes on other works, I examined the exemplary Laleli collection. In this context, I identified other notes belonging to Mehmet Hazmi Tura on the recto. The content of the article is largely based on the analysis of these

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Manuscripts have been in circulation for centuries and thus are the voice of a collective memory. Recently, there has been considerable interest in and a tendency to read manuscripts in both the West and Turkey. This study examines both phenomena by referring to the notes of Mehmet Hazmi Tura. Mehmet Hazmi Tura (1881–1960) witnessed the Ottoman Era, the Turkish Republic, and the transition between them. He served as a mudarris, muallim, and VKHLNKZLWKLQWKHޏ8VKVKƗTƯRUGHUDQGOHFWXUHGRQ0DWKQDZƯLQVRPHPDMRUPRVTXHVLQ

Istanbul for many years. In addition, Tura worked as a librarian at the Murad Molla Library for twenty-five years and as the director at the Süleymaniye Public Library for ten years. This article focuses on the notes that Tura wrote on the various manuscripts during and after his office at the Süleymaniye Library.

The notes in the article were identified by an investigation of the Laleli collection, one of PDQ\GHWDFKHGFROOHFWLRQVZLWKLQWKH6OH\PDQL\H/LEUDU\8VLQJWKH/DOHOLFROOHFWLRQDVWKH

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Nearly two years ago, during a study on early-copied manuscripts, I encountered a copy IHDWXULQJDFODLPWKDW)DNKUDO'ƯQDO5Ɨ]Ư¶VZRUN$VUƗUDO7DQ]ƯOLVWKHDXWKRU¶VFRS\7KHUHZDV

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al-Arapkiri. I realized that this signature belonged to Mehmet Hazmi Tura. The long-term librarianship of Tura in the Murad Mullah and Süleymaniye Libraries evokes the possibility that he may have written similar notes on other works. My research on the collection is a result of this identification. The first and last pages of the works in the collection were checked to determine out if there were others, and there were twelve. Ten of these are correcting codex information, two of them are extensive comments. In the article, these notes are analyzed while their internal and external contexts are matched.

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a librarian. In this context, attention is drawn to the comprehensive activity of classification conducted in the first years of the Republic to create catalogs of the manuscript libraries in Istanbul. This classification activity, initiated in line with the demands of the official authorities and some Western academicians and with the active involvement of some individuals such as

notes. Additionally, I attempted to clarify the possible reasons that may have led Mehmet Hazmi Tura to take these notes, and for this reason, I drew attention to the intensive classification activity that focused on the creation of catalogs of manuscripts during the period of Tura. In this manner, I attempted to draw a general picture that makes it possible to examine at the notes written by Tura from a broader perspective such as cataloging the libraries and provide insights into his librarian career.

Keywords: Mehmet Hazmi Tura, manuscripts, Süleymaniye library, libraries classification commission, Laleli collection

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Hellmut Ritter to more closely examine Tura, who was a librarian in the relevant period, was possible to a certain extent. The first classification commission was established in 1927 but was soon abolished. The second commission was established in 1935 under the headship of Ritter. Although Ritter resigned after six months, the commission continued its classification activities until the 1950s, and the catalogs created within this framework were printed gradually.

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Süleymaniye Library. This situation might explain why the notes are somehow related to the classification. However, considering that there are no similar notes in the Laleli collection, I SRVLWWKDWWKHFODVVLILFDWLRQDFWLYLW\ZDVFRQGXFWHGRQUHDG\PDGHYRXFKHUVZKHUHDV7XUD¶VQRWH

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librarianship principles that regard direct notes on manuscripts as an external intervention into the works that are supposed to be preserved. His notes are from the classical librarianship policy inherited from the Ottoman Empire. Notably, there is tension between those librarians in Istanbul who follow the classical method and those who embrace the modern librarian approach. This tension is also outlined in the article. This tension is not only an old–new discussion centered on the profession of librarianship but also a classic–modern debate between WKH2WWRPDQ(PSLUHDQGWKH5HSXEOLF7XUDVLGHVZLWKWKHIRUPHULQWKLVGHEDWH

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4 <|QOHU0HKPHW+D]P৻7XUD, 5-7.

(7)

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8 $O൴5Õ]D(IHQG൴¶Q൴Q.DG൴U൴O൴÷൴Q\DQÕVÕUD0HODPvùWWDUvPHúUHEE൴UN൴PVHROGX÷X7XUD¶QÕQøVWDQEXO¶DJ൴WW൴NWHQ

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10 <|QOHU0HKPHW+D]P৻7XUD, 13-16.

(8)

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(2018), 249-290.

(9)

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Journal of Islamic Review

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