Özet: İnsan, varlığın karşısında kendi varlığını ortaya koyabilmek için keşif ve icatlar yapmanın yanı sıra sanatla da ilgilenmiştir. İnsanlığın bu bağlamda ilk sanat eserlerini de dil vasıtasıyla ve “şiir” yoluyla verdiği bilinmektedir.
Şiirler; hem şairinin “öz”ünü dolayısıyla da şiirin üretildiği bağlamı vermişler, hem de özün tesiriyle şekillenen
“biçim” özellikleriyle dikkat çekmişlerdir. Şairin genetik özellikleri, yetiştiği ortam, okuduğu kitaplar, esinlendiği kişi ve olaylar, yaşadığı zaman dilimi gibi pek çok unsur onun “öz”ünü oluşturur. Dile getirilen her şeyin “söylem”
olarak değerlendirilebileceği göz önünde bulundurulduğunda şiirler, şairin özünün görünür hale gelmiş varlığı olarak, söylem çözümlemesi için zengin birer kaynak olmaktadır. Orijinal olana, öze, ulaşmak için dilin kullanım özelliklerinden hareket etmek de nesnel bir tutum olarak görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada Attilâ İlhan’ın “hu” adlı şiiri Doğan Aksan’ın şiirlerde uyguladığı dil bilimsel yöntemle incelenmiştir. Nesnel tutumu oluşturmak adına çözümlemede yalnızca metin içi kullanımlardan, dil özelliklerinden hareket edilmiş; bu alanlardan elde edilen veriler şairin hayatı ve eserleriyle sonuç bölümünde ilişkilendirilmiştir. Şiirde hem Batı'ya hem de Doğu'ya ait ifadelerin yer aldığı ve bu unsurların Türk tasavvufuyla harmanlandığı anlaşılmıştır.
Anahtar kelimeler: Attilâ İlhan, tasavvuf, Doğu-Batı sentezi.
An Analysis on Attilâ İlhan's “hu” Poem
Abstract: Human has been interested in art as well as making discoveries and inventions in order to reveal its own existence in the face of existence. It is known that humanity gave its first works of art in this context through language and "poetry". Poetry; both gave the "essence" of the poet and thus the context in which the poem was produced, and drew attention with its "form" features shaped by the influence of the essence. Many factors such as the genetic characteristics of the poet, the environment he grew up in, the books he read, the people and events he inspired, and the time period he lived in constitute his "essence". Considering that everything that is put into words can be evaluated as "discourse", poems are a rich source for discourse analysis as they make the essence of the poet visible. It is also seen as an objective attitude to act from the usage characteristics of the language in order to reach the original, the essence. In this research, Attilâ İlhan's poem "hu" was analyzed with the linguistic method which used by Doğan Aksan on poems. In order to create an objective attitude, only in-text uses and language features were taken as a basis in the analysis; the data obtained from these fields are associated with the poet's life and works in the conclusion section. It has been understood that there are expressions belonging to both the West and the East in the poem and that these elements are blended with Turkish Sufism.
Key words: Attilâ İlhan, Sufism, East-West synthesis.
ATTİLÂ İLHAN’IN “HU” ŞİİRİ ÜZERİNE BİR ÇÖZÜMLEME
An Analysis on Attilâ İlhan's “hu” Poem
Tuğba AKKOYUN KOÇ*
____________________________________________________________________________________
* Dr. Öğrt. Üyesi., Bayburt Üniversitesi, İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Fakültesi, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü, takkoyun@bayburt.edu.tr
Makale Geliş Tarihi: 16.08.2021 Makale Kabul Tarihi: 19.09.2021
hu
!"#$% %&$'%()!*$&!+%#$
!,',($%'-!+.!()%$
/0.-"$-0-"$$
12$
$
3-2+.%#$&%)!4$,5),+-0$!"#$(%-!+$'%()!*$
0#*" $601%++07!+$"&"$53.-2$
/0.-"$-0-"$
12$
$
0."*-0+$(%'-!$-08$("!#").0#"$
)0.$)0.$(%8#2.-2$("#4"(.0#"*$
%180 $/0.-"$-0-"$
12$
$
!"#$ ""#$)2))2*$-0."#-"$
'%()!$/9:,+,$!% !+!$
/0.-"$-0-"$$
12$
$
%.$(%.0*$80#$(%.0*$
1%.%$ "* 0($&":/".0#"$&0("'3#2*$
%)0 $'0-" "*;$%.08$'2))2 2*$
-3 #2$
$
!"#$!0+$'%+*!'3#2*$
!
!"#" $
"#!$%&'#"'%(!)$*"+!#+",+%+&!+%+&+!-".%.#!#./0"!'1("'&! ((%2!3',(&"'%!(4'%()(&5 1'!'&!#.%3. !#!6$%+"'&"'%1'&1(%7!82!/(%!'1'/(9.,!/(4(3(!1' ("1(%7! ((%)'"!'9"'3"'!
(&).&!&!/0"0 3.!&-#,.)!&1.!/'"(%'&!/(%!:.%"!#,!%7! ((%2! ((%)'""( (!(4'%'&2!;.%'#','!
6'4(%'&!:'!.4! .!4!#.%.&!9.<!)!9".!=.&"!!/(%!:.%"!#,!%>!/(4(3!:'!$*! ((%1'!.9&!1!%7!
?',(&!-".%.#! ((%2!/(%!/+,+&1+%7!@.3.3".&3! !:'!.&".3=.!#.<.&3! !/(%!9.<!9.!
( .%',!'1'%7!A.%4.!<.%4.!'"'!."!&.%.#!&'!#-&0)0&1.&2!&'!.&".3!&1.&2!&'!$*+&1'&2!
&'!%(,3(&1'&!&'!#."!/!&1.&!&'!1'! '#"(&1'&!)$*!'1("'/("(%!BC(D.,2!EFFG2!)7!EH5IJK7!
((%!3',&(2!,+3!/0&".%!&!-"0 ,0%10 0!/(%!9.<!1!%7!L(%! ((%(&!/+,+&)'"!9.<!)!&1.#(!
.&".32! #'&1()(&(! -"0 ,0%.&! .&".,!3! :'! (4'%(#! 1+*'9"'%(&1'#(! /(%(3"'%(&! ,.3.5 3!&1.&!4-#!1.;.!D.*".!:'!4-#!1.;.!1' ( (#,(%7!!M'%!3',(&!/(%!)$9"'31(%!:'!;'%!
)$9"'3!#'&1(!:.%"!#!1+&9.)!!(4(&1'!4$*+3"'&'/("(%7! ((%(&!/(%/(%(9"'!("( #("(!<'#!
4-#!/(%(31'&!-"0 .&!9.<!)!&.!1.!/0! '#("1'!/.#3.#!6'%'#(%7!N.<!>!(4(&1'!#-&05
90!B$*K!:'!/(4(3)'"!/(%(3"'%(!/.%!&1!%.&!/(%!6$),'%6'2!/(%!.&".3!-"0 030!:'!.&5
".3"!"!#!1'3'#,(%7!
L.;,(&O'!6$%'!3',(&"'%!B9.;0,!)$9"'3"'%K!,.%(;)'"2!)-)9."2!#+",+%'"!6'43( "'%(!
:'!4':%'"'%(9"'!'"'!."!&3."!1!%7!L$9"'"(#"'!;'3!)$9"'3(&!#'&1(&1'&!$&='#(!)$95
"'3"'%"'! ;'3! 1'! )$9"'3(&! 30;.,.<".%!&!&! B-#09.&".%!&2! 1(&"'9'&"'%(&K! 9.%.,.5
=.#".%!! 9'&(! )$9"'3"'%"'! 4-#)')"(! /(%! ("( #()(! -"0 3.#,.1!%! BC(D.,2! IJEF2! )7! PFK7!
Q-#)')"("(#,'&! #.)!,2! 3',(&"'%! .%.)!! ("( #("'%1(%7! ((%"'%! 3',(&"'%! .%.)!! ("( #("'%!
.4!)!&1.&!9- 0&!/(%!(4'%(#!)0&3.#,.1!%7!R*!:'!/(4(3!$*'""(#"'%(!3',&(&!(4!9.<!5 )!&1.&!;.%'#',"'!-%,.9.!#-&3."!2!4$*+3"'&3'"(1(%7!R*!-%(S(&."!-".&1!%2!/(4(3"'%5 )'!-%,.#!-"./("(%7!!T&=.#!3',&(&!(4!9.<!)!&1.&!:'%("'%!'"1'!'1("1(#,'&!)-&%.>! .(5
%(&!;.9.,!&1.&2!1+&9.!6$%+ +&1'&2!1( '%!')'%"'%(&1'&2!9. .1! !!1$&'31'#(!9.5
<!,".%1.&!/0!:'%("'%'!3')&',"'%!/0"3.#!4$*+3"'3'&(&!,0,.%"!"! !&.!;(*3',!'1'5
='#,(%7!!
M'%!)$9"'3(&!4$*+3"'&( (!.9&!!#!),.)".%".!9.<!".3.3.#,.1!%2!/0!&'1'&"'!1'!
$&='"(#"'! -! )$9"'3(&! ,+%+! ,')<(,! '1("3'"(1(%7! N+*9!"".%1!%! ,.&!3".%.! )! 3.9.&!
((%! 1'! U ((%)'"! )$9"'3V! -".%.#! 1' '%"'&1(%("3'#,'1(%7! ((%! )$9"'3(&(! 4$*+3"'%5
#'&!A%-D7!W%7!W- .&!T#).&O!&!U ((%!W("(!:'!@+%#! ((%!W("(V!')'%(&1'#(!(&='"'3'!
9-"0&0!,.#(<!',3'9'!4."! ,!#2!/0!9-"".!1.!B/(*='K!."! !".6'"3( !T,,("X! ";.&! ((%"'5
%(&1'&!.9%!!/(%!9'%1'!10%.&!U;0V! ((%(&(!4$*+3"'1(#7!T#).&O!&!9$&,'3(&1'!,'3'"!
-".%.#!U)0&0"0 V!:'!U(4'%(#5$*V!#!)!3".%!!9'%!."3.#,.1!%7!L0!#!)!3".%!&!.",!&1.!
4' (,"(!/. "!#".%!9'%!."3.#,.2!D.#.,!#'&1()(&(&!1'!/'"(%,,( (!6(/(!/0!/. "!#".%!/(%/(5
%(&(!1! ".9.&!1' ("!(4'%'&! '9"'%1(%!:'!/. "!#".&1!%3.1.#(!.3.4!(&='"'3'9(!#-5
".9". ,!%3.#,!%! BT#).&2! IJEY2! )7! PFK7! &='"'3'3(*1'2! /.;)(! 6'4'&! /. "!#".%1.&!
U;0V! ((%(&'!0960&!-".&".%!2!(4'%(#,'!/. "! .!1.(%!:'%(!/0"0&./("'&"'%(!6$*!$&+&1'!
/0"0&10%10#7!!
%& '()(*( $
Z0&0"0 !#!)3!&1.>! ((%(&!$*+&1'!9'%!.".&!D(#(%2!109602!,.).%!3!:'!(36'"'%(&!
;.&6(! /(4(3"'%"'! -%,.9.! #-&10 0! (%1'"'&(%7! L0! &'1'&"'! 1'! ((%(&! 1("(&1'#(! 0!
$6'"'%!(&='"'&(%[!
W- ."2!(4,'&!)$9"'9( !:'!#-&0 3.!1("(&1'&!9.%.%".&3.2!
\!).!:'!'#)(",("(!.&".,!32!
]$),'%6'"'%(&!)'4(3(!:'!/. 1. ,!%!"3.)!2!
L'&*',3'"'%2!
T#,.%3.".%2!
Z.<3.".%2!
Z')!$6'"'%(&1'&!9.%.%".&3.2!
?',(&!1("/("(3!.4!)!&1.&!$*'""(#"'%2!/+,+&"+#!BT#).&2!IJEY2!)7!PFK7!
!U;0V! ((%(&1'! 6+&"+#! 1("(&! %.;.,"! !2! .&". !"!%"! !! 6$*'! 4.%<3.#,.1!%7! ((%)'"!
)$*+&! 4. 1. ! /("1(%( (3! B("',( (3K! 1("(&'! 9.#". 3.)!2! :.%! -".&! ((%! 6'"'&' (&'!
#.% !!4!#!"1! !&!!6$),'%(%!BC(D.,2!IJIJ2!)7!YHK7!?',(&1'!;'%!)$*=+#!9.*!3!#0%."".5
%!&.!."1!%3.#)!*!&!#+4+#!;.%D"'!9.*!"3! 2!&-#,.".3.!( .%',"'%(!#0"".&!"3.3! ,!%7!
^-#,.".3.! ( .%',"'%(&(&! #0"".&!"3.9! !! /.*!! ((%"'%1'! ((%"'%(&! %(,3(&(2! 1(*"'%(&!
10%. !&!!')&'#!#!".%!:'!/0&.!/. "!!-".%.#!-"0 .&!.&".3".%!!4- .",!%7! ((%!3',&(5
&(&!.&".,!3!:'!(4'%(#!1+*'9(&1'!#.:%.&./("3')(!(4(&!1.;.!D.*".!4./.9.!:'!6'%4'#!
/(%! 6$),'%6'! /("(3)'"! 4$*+3"'3'9'! (;,(9.4! 1090"3.#,.1!%! BC(D.,2! EFFG2! )7! _YK7!
W("(&! #0%."".%!&.! 090"3.3.)!! ((%1'#(! (%# !$ -2#2 02! /0+0."+$ -! !+-%$ 3.2 0! 1.!
-%,.9.! #-93.#,.1!%7! U'%3( ! S';.&&'V! :'! U.;:' V! $*'"! ()(3"'%(! 1! !&1.! 6'&'"!
-".%.#! -#0%0&! .&".9.3.9.=. !! ;'%;.&6(! /(%! )$*=+#! 9-#! 6(/(1(%7! ! L0! ()(3"'%(&!
)(36')'"!.&".3".%!!-"10 0!/'""(1(%>!D.#.,!2:%($&% #! !*.%#!9-"09".!:'%("3( "'%5 1(%7! <:%($ (%8#%*$ !% .%+)!.%#!! 1.! 1'&'&! /0! ((%)'"! .&".,!3! /(4(3(&1'! .(%! /(%!
#.:%.3!! :'9.! (36'9(! -&0&".! ("6("(2! /("(&1(#! 6$),'%6'"'%"'! 1' (">! 1-".9"!! 9-"1.&!
( .%',! '1'&2! 0*.#! 6$),'%6'"'%"'! 9.&)!,3.9.! 4."! !%7! `*.#! #.:%.3! /. ".&,!".%!!
#(3(! *.3.&! ).<3.".%! :'! ,+%',3'"'%"'! ). ".&!%! BT#).&2! IJEY2! )7! EJGK7! a';.&&'2!
.)"!&1.!a'.&&'!-".%.#2!T;:' !()'!T;D' !-".%.#!9.*!"3.#,.1!%7!b.#.,! .(%!/0!$*'"!
()(3"'%1'!/(%!).<3.!9.%.,3! ,!%7!
((%)'"!/(%!')'%2!( "':)'"!/(%!9.<!9.!).;(<,(%7!L0!9.<!1.#(!D.%#"!!$6'"'%2! ((%(&!
/+,+&+9"'!#0%10#".%!!("( #("'%'!6$%'!.&". !"./("(%"'%7! ((%!1("(&(&!1' ( (#!1+*"'35
"'%(!B)')2!/(4(32!)$*!1(*(3(2!%(,(3cK!/(%/(%"'%(&'!)-&!1'%'='!)!#!=.!/. "!1!%".%!:'!
/0&".%1.&! ;'%;.&6(! /(%(&(! 1(##.,'! ."3.1.&! ((%(! (&='"'3'#! -".&.#)!*1!%! BC(D.,2!
IJIJ2!)7!YHK7!!
L' !/$"+31'&!-"0 .&! ((%(&!("#!1$%,!/$"+3+&1'!1':%(#!=+3"'"'%!. !%"!#,.1!%2!
)-&! /$"+31'! =+3"'"'%! 1+*1+%7! T,.,+%#O'! 6$%'! @+%#O+&! 1- ."! )$*! 1(*(3(&1'2!
$&='! )-30,! -".&! :.%"! !! /("1(%'&! )$*=+#2! )-&%.! 1.! )-90,! .&".3!! (4'%'&! )$*=+#!
BD(("K!:'%("(%[!T"(!6'"1(7!L0!1(*(3(!;'9'=.&2!#-%#02! . #!&"!#!6(/(!;.""'%!/-*./("(%7!
@+%#4'1'!1':%(#!=+3"'!9.<!".%!!8%;0&!T/(1'"'%(O&1'&!(,(/.%'&!6$*"'&'/("3'#,'2!
/0!#0"".&!3".%!4' (,"(!)'/'<"'%'!B/. #.!1(""'%(&!',#("'%(!6(/(K!/. ".&./("3'#,'1(%7!
R*'""(#"'! d03;0%(9',O,'&! (,(/.%'&! 1':%(#! =+3"'&(&! #./0"! '1("3')(2! /'&(3)'&5 3')(! :'9.! %'11'1("3')(! ,.%,! 3.".%!! )!#4.! 6$%+"3+ ,+%7! EF_JO1'&! (,(/.%'&! ()'!
)(9.)(! ,.%,! 3.".%!&! (4(&1'1(%7! W$&'3(&! 6'&4! 9.*.%".%!&=.! #0"".&!".&! /0! =+3"'!
,+%+&'! #.% !! 4-#! )'%,! '"' ,(%("'%! 9.<!"3! ,!%7! W':%(#! =+3"'"'%! #(3(! *.3.&! .%.4!
-"3.#,.&! 4!#.%!".%.#! .3.4! ;X"(&'! 6',(%("3( ,(%7! ((%1'! )$*+&! '*6()(&(! .%,,!%1! !!
1+ +&+"+%!B\+4+#2!T:=!2!e! '&6+"2!IJEG2!)7!_P_K7! ((%(&!=3 (2!(4'%'&!9.&!2!1("!
#0%."".%!&!!/-*3.9.!:'!9'&(1'&!(& .!',3'9'!30#,'1(%1(%>!4+&#+! ((%!/(%'9)'"!/(%!
9.%.,!31!%7!W':%(#!=+3"'&(&!@+%#4'&(&!)$*!1(*(3(&'!%'(!#!!-"0 02! ((%(&!.&".35 )."!#0%0"0 09".!0903!(4(&1'1(%7! ((%1'#(!IJ!D(("(&!_O(!E7!,'#("! .;!)2!YO+!Y7!,'#("!
.;!)2! IO)(! I7! ,'#("! .;!)! '#(9"'! 4'#(3"'&3( ,(%7! T !%"!#"!! -".%.#! Y7! ,'#("! #( (&(&!
#0"".&!3!2! )$9"'3! ).;(/(&(! 3',&(&!1! !&1.!,0,3.!4./.)!!-".%.#!6$%+"'/("(%7!L'5 (&=(! /$"+3! 1! !&1.#(! ,+3! )$*='"'%1'! ,.):(%! #(<(! #0"".&!"3! ,!%7! >0&*" ! 1$%,!
/$"+3"'! .&".,!"1!#,.&! )-&%.! (31(#(! *.3.&! #(<(9"'!/,+=0.! 10%03.! 6'4("(%7! Z-&!
/$"+31'#(!Y!9+#"'31'&!(#()(!D(("1(%!:'!/0!D((""'%! (31(#(!*.3.&!'#(!."3! ,!%!D.5
#.,!6'&( !*.3.&!.&".3!!,. !%".%7!L0!1.!/0!#!)3.!/0+0..0*0!&(,'"( (!9+#"'%7!N+#5
"'3(!()(3!-".&!,'#!=+3"'!)-&!/$"+31'1(%7!b((""'%(&!. !%"!#"!!#0"".&!3!! ((%'!$9#+5
"'3'! ;.:.)!! #.,3! 2! '9"'3(&! )+%'#"("( (! /$9"'='! ). ".&3! ,!%7! Y7! @'#("! #( (9"'!
4'#(3"'&'&!D((""'%(&!$*&')(!;'%!/$"+31'!D.%#"!!D.%#"!!#( ("'%1(%[!
3-2+.%#$&%)!4$,5),+-0$!"#$(%-!+$'%()!*$
0#*" $601%++07!+$"&"$53.-2$
/0.-"$-0-"$
12$
Z$*='! $*&')(&(&! 1' ( #'&"(#! 6$),'%3')(&'! %. 3'&2!)$*='"'3'!$*&')(!U/'&V!
9.&(! .(%(&! #'&1()(! -".%.#! 6$%+"3'#,'2! ((%(&! ("#! :'! )-&! 1(*'"'%(&1'! .9&!!
)$*='"'3'!$*&')(&(&!/0"0&3.)!!/(%!,0,.%"!"!#!). ".3.#,.1!%7!Z$*='"'3'!$*&')(5
&(&!#(3"( (2!4$*+3"'3'3(*(&!U$*V!#!)3!&1.!1',.9"!!/(%! '#("1'!(&='"'&'='#,(%7!!
!"#$% %&$'%()!*$&!+%#$
??@@$
!"#$!0+$'%+*!'3#2*$
((%1'#(!6$),'%6'"'%(&!/+9+#!/(%!#!)3!!9.!)(36')'"!/(%!.&".3!,. !3.#,.!9.!1.!
9.&! .&".3! $*'""( (! 6$),'%3'#,'1(%7! Z$*6'"(3(! /(%(&=(! /$"+31'#(! U4!&.%V2! U #(!
4'&'#"("'%1'&2!YJ!3',%'9'!#.1.%!0*.9./("'&2!6$:1')(!#."!&2!0*0&!$3+%"+2!6'&( ! 9.<%.#"!!/(%!. .4V!B]@ZK!6+=+"!.&".3!9".!1' (">!8)3.&"!!W':"',(O&(!)(36'"'9'5
='#! '#("1'! #0"".&!"3! ,!%7! N(&'! .9&!! /$"+31'! U.91!&"!#V! )$*=+ +&+&2! )$*"+#!
.&".3!9".!1' ("2!1+&9.!,.%(;(&1'!EGHF!b%.&)!*! ;,("."(O9"'!/. ".9.&!1$&'3'!:'5
%("3( !/(%!.1!-".&!U.91!&".&3.!4. !V&!!)(36'"'%!/(4(31'!#0"".&!"1! !!6$%+"3'#5 ,'1(%7!L0!)$*=+#"'%"'!/. ". !#"! !!1+ +&+"1+ +&1'!U9.#,!3V!'9"'3(!1'!1(*'"'%1'!
U9.&3.)!&.!9-"!.43.#2!9.&3.)!&!!). ".3.#V!,'3'"!.&".3!9".!1' ("2!U.,' "'!9-#!
',3'#2!! !#!:'%3')(&(!). ".3.#V!6(/(!9.&!.&".3".%".!9'%!."3.#,.1!%7!L0!:'!/0&.!
/'&*'%!.&".3!("6("'%(2!/. ".3!(&='"'3'"'%(&1'!1.;.!.4!#!/(%! '#("1'!-%,.9.!#-5 90"3.9.!4."! !".=.#,!%7!
((%1'!#0"".&!".&!$*'"!()(3"'%2!#( (!()(3"'%(1(%7! )(3"'%(&!)(36')'"!6+=+&1'&2!
10960!1' '%(&1'&!9.%.%".&!"3! !:'!.1!!6'4'&!#( ("'%(&!$9#+"'%(!.&!3).,!"3! ,!%[!
0."*-0+$(%'-!$-08$("!#").0#"$
)0.$)0.$(%8#2.-2$("#4"(.0#"*$
%180 $/0.-"$-0-"$
12$
.(%! ;'3! ,-<"03)."! -".(&! 0),.)!! ;'3! 1'! /(%'9)'"! 59:+&! 9.%.,!=!)!1!%7! W(")'"!
-".&!;(4/(%!+%+&! .(%'!9./.&=!!1' ("1(%7!8&0&!9.%.,,! !!;'%!59:2!).%),! !!,-<"03)."!
1("(&!9.<!)!&!! ;.%'#','! 6'4(%'&! /(%!$6'1(%!BC(D.,2! EFFG2! )7!_GK7! ((%)'"! )$9"'3(&!
$&'3"(! $*'""(#"'%(&1'&! -".&! ).<3.".%2! ."! !"3.1!#! /. 1. ,!%3.".%! <'#! 4-#! )$*5
=+#!:'!)$*=+#!6%0/0&1.!6$%+"3'#,'1(%[!
!,',($%'-!+.!(;$-08$("!#");$"&"$53.A;$/9:,+,$!% !+!$'%(A;$%.$(%.0*$80#$(%.0*;$
" 0($&":/".0#"$&0(A;$%)0 $'0A;$%.08$'2)A;$)0.$)0.$(%8#2.A$?$
Z$*=+#"'%!.%.)!&1.#(!.&".3!("( #("'%(2!/. ". !#"! !!). ".9.&!$6'"'%1'&1(%7!L(5
%(&=(! /$"+31'! % %&B'%(A;$ '%(AB%'-!+.!(>! (#(&=(! /$"+31'! 3-2+B&%)A;$ 3-2+B'%(A;$
'%(AB0#*" $601%++0>!+4+&=+!/$"+31'!("!#")B(%8#2.A>!1$%1+&=+!/$"+31'!/9:B!% ;$
!% B-0."#A! :'! )-&! /$"+31'! %.AB80#A;$ (%.0*B&":/";$ %)0 B%.08B'%+*%A! )$*=+#"'%(!
(4'%(#!/'&*'%"( (2!#.% !,!.&".3!6(/(!.&".3)."!("6("'%"'!#0"".&!"3! ".%1!%7!Z-&!/$5
"+3!;.%(4!;'%!/$"+3+&!)-&0&1.!#0"".&!".&!U;0V!)$*=+ +!1'!,.).::0D(!.&".3".%!!
4'%4':')(&1'! )$9"'3(&! 6'&'"(9"'! ("( #(! #0%0"./("'='#! /(%! $%6+! (4'%()(&1'! )0&0"5 30 ,0%7! ((%(&! ()#'"',(&(! -"0 ,0%.&! U9.#5U! '9"'3(! :'! /0! '9"'3"'! ("( #("(! 1( '%!
)$*=+#"'%'! #.% !,! /(4(31'#(! )-&! 1(*'! !"#$ !0+$ '%+*!'3#2*$ )$9"'3(! 4.%<!=!! /(%!
)-&04!). ".3! ,!%7!
\( ("' ,(%3'"'%'!B(&).&1.&!1- .9.!.#,.%3.".%.K!9'%!:'%("3( ,(%[!4!&.%!&!U;0V!
1'3')(2! ((%(&! 1'"(%3')(! :'! 6$*+&+! /. !&!! 9.#3.)!f;0! 1'3')(c! W090".%! .%.)!!
.#,.%3.".%1.&! 1.! /.;)',3'#! 3+3#+&1+%[! .,' ! 9'52! ."':! 90,57! L0! $%&'#,'! 1-5
#0&3.!1090)0&0&!,.,!."3.!1090)09".!("( #("'&1(%("1( (!6$%+"3'#,'1(%7!!
U;0V! ((%(&1'! 30)(#(! :'! %(,(32! 1$%,! /$"+3+&! 1'! )-&0&1.! ,'#%.%".&.&! U6'"1(!
1'1(!;0V!%'1(D(9"'!$%+"3+ !6(/(1(%7!W(:.&!g1'/(9.,!&1.! ((%"'%(&!3+),.#("!()(3"'5
%(&(&! -"3.1! !2! /.*!! ((%"'%(&! %'1(D"'%(&'! 6$%'! .1".&1!%!"1! !! /("(&3'#,'1(%7! L0!
((%(&!3+),.#("!.1!!()'!%'1(D(&1'&!."!&3! ,!%7!!
((%1'!#0"".&!".&!)')"'%!(&='"'&1( (&1'!1'!)')"'%(&!/(%!.;'&#!0&)0%0!-"3.".%!!
&'1'&(9"'!.&".3"!!)-&04".%.!0". !"./("(%7!! ((%1'#(!EIF!+&"+&+&!HGO)(&(!U.2!'2!(V!
-"0 ,0%3.#,.1!%7!U!V!+&"+)+!1'!;')./.!#.,!"!&=.!EJJ!+&"+&+&!U1+*!+&"+V!"'%1'&!
)'4("1( (!6$%+"3'#,'1(%!BhGHK7!EHJ!+&)+*+&!iPO+&+!U12!"2!%V!9030 .#!+&)+*"'%(!
-"0 ,0%3.#,.1!%! BhY_K7! L. #.! /(%! (D.1'9"'! ((%1'! _P! )'%,! +&)+*2! EIi! 9030 .#!
+&)+*!/0"0&3.#,.1!%7!T#).&2! ((%1'#(!)')"'%(&!#0"".&!3!9".!("6("(!4."! 3.".%1.&!
/.;)'1'%!:'!j'%".(&'O(&! ((%"'%(!+*'%(&'!9.<!".&!/(%!(&='"'3'1'!U%2!"V!6(/(!.#!=!!
)')"'%(&! #0"".&!3!&!&! .(%(&! $*'""(#"'! U,.).)!*2! .".9! (4'%'&V! ((%"'%(&1'! 6$%+"1+5 +&+!.#,.%!%!BT#).&2!IJEY2!)7!IJ_K7!]$%+&,+!<.%4.".%2!)')!()'!/(%"' ,(%(%7!L(%! '9(!
6$%'/("3'#! (4(&! -&1.&! 0*.#". 3.#! 6'%'#(%2! D.#.,! )')! (&).&!&! (4(&'! .#.%7! Z')2!
( (,'&(! 3'%#'*"' ,(%(%7! (,3'1'! '&! +),+&! &(,'"(#! 0903! :'! /(%"' ,(%3'1(%! B8&62!
IJEH2!)7!FJK7!L0!&'1'&"'! ((%"'%1'#(!)')"'%(&!-#0%0!3'%#'*'2!3',&(&!4'#(%1' (&'!
4'#3'2! 3',(&"'! /(%"' ,(%3'! ( "':(&1'&! )$*! '1("'/("(%7! U;0V! ((%(&1'#(! )')"'%(&!
4' (,"'%(!:'!#0"".&!3!)!#"! !! ((%'!-"+/"+."(;$(%!2..0+*" ."(!#.,3! ,!%7!Z')"'%(&!/0!
U30)(#(V)(!1'! ((%(&!%'1(D(9"'!/+,+&"' '%'#!U1'%:( V!#.:%.3!&!!4. %! ,!%3.#,.1!%7!
W'%:( "'%1'#(! M.##O.! ,')"(3(9',! :'! 1+&9.9.! ."1!%3.9.&! ,')"(3(9',! ;."(! ((%1'!
)'*("3'#,'2!1'%:( !)'".3!!-".%.#!/("(&'&!U;0V!("'!/0!)'*( !<'%4(&"'&3'#,'1(%7!
Z0&0"0 ! $*'""(#"'%(! 6'&'"! -".%.#! 1' '%"'&1(%("1( (&1'! ((%(&2! /. ". !#"!#!
$6'"'%(&(!/.%!&1!%1! !&!!6$%3'#,'9(*7!]'%'#!)$*=+#"'%!.%.)!!.&".3!("6("'%(2!6'%'#!
)$*='"'3'!$*&')(!:'!6'%'#)'!#(<"'%!.4!)!&1.&!,0,.%"!"!#!)$*!#-&0)010%7!!
!
!
+& ,-$. /0#"12$
L(4(32! (4'%( (&! )0&0"0 ! 9-"010%2! +%+&+1+%7! L("(32! /(4(31'&! (4'%( '! B$*'K!
1- %0! /(%!9-"! (*"'%7! W("!/("(3)'"! -".%.#! U;0V! ((%(&(&!(&='"'&3')(&1'! 1'! /0!9-"!
(*"'&3( ,(%7!L(4(3!$*'""(#"'%(!(&='"'&(<!$*'!("'%"'&3( ,(%7!UZ0&0"0 V!/$"+3+&1'!
'"'!."1! !3!*!/(4(3!$6'"'%(&'!/. !3"!!-".%.#!$*+!(%1'"'3'9'!4."! .=. !*7!g),',(#!
/("(3(&(&!1'!$&'3"(!/(%!#.:%.3!!-".&!$*2!).&.,!')'%(&(&!(#(!9+*+&1'&!B6$%+&'&5!
6$%+&3'9'&f)'*("'&K! /(%(1(%7! L(4(3! /(%! $*+&! 6$%+&+ +2! $*! /(4(3(&! 6'%4' (1(%!
BM.&4'%"( - "02! IJE_2! )7! EGYK7! L(%! 9.<!,!&! (4'%( (2! #'&1(! /(4(3(&(&! .&".3!1!%2!
-&0!-"0 ,0%.&!6$),'%6'!)(),'3(&(&!.&".3!9+#+1+%2!9.<!,!&!,+3!6$%+&,+)'"!1-#05 )0!(4(&1'!/.%!&.&!:'%!-%1.&!4!#.&!3.&':(!/("1(%(31(%!B\.6.&2!EFFY2!)7!PIHK7!L0!
.&".3!9+#+&+!1' '%"'&1(%'/("3'#!(4(&! ((%(!/' !/$"+31'!'"'!."1!#7!
3&$+4*56$
L. ".&6!4,.! ;'%! ((%! #0%3.=.1!%2! /(%! 6'%4'#! 1' ("1(%7! ((%(&! ("',,( (!
6$&1'%6'&(&! 6'%4'#! ;.9.,,.! /(%! /'&*'%(! -").! 1.;(2! /0! 6$&1'%6'! 6'%4'#! /(%!
6$&1'%6'! 1' ("1(%2! #0%3.=.1!%7! 8#0%.! #0%3.=.&!&! )!&!%".%!! (4'%()(&1'! 6'%4' (!
;.9."! ',,(%'/("(%7! 8#0%0&! 6'%4' '! 0". 3.)!! ((%(&! ;'1'D(! 9.! 1.! )-%0&0! 1' ("1(%>!
((%(&! ,'#! )-%0&0! #0%3.=.! 1+&9.! (4'%()(&1'#(! 3',(&)'"! 6'4'%"("( (! ). ".3.#,!%!
BC(D.,2!EFFG2!)7!iFK7!U;0V! ((%(&(&!("#!/$"+31'#(!U4!&.%V!)$*=+ +!/(%!. .4!=(&)(!
-"3.)!&!&! $,')(&1'! *.3.&! (4'%()(&1'! U0"0"0#2! 1- 032! .*.3',2! 0*0&! ;.9.,cV!
6(/(!.&".3".%!#.*.&3! ,!%7!T9&!!*.3.&1.2!1.;.!$&='!1'!/.;)',,( (3(*!6(/(!4!&.%2!
10960!1' '%(!-".&!/(%!)(36'1(%7!iIY!9!"!;+#+3!)+%'&!8)3.&"!!W':"',(O&(!4. %! 5 ,!%!%7! k(%.! 1':"',(&! #0%0=0)0! -".&! 8)3.&! L'9O'! #0%.=. !! 1':"',! %+9.)!&1.! /0!
)(36'9"'!3+S1'"'&3( ,(%!BT).&2!IJEPK7!!"#$% %&$'%()!*$&!+%#B!,',($%'-!+.!()%!
(D.1')(2! .91!&"!#! :.#(,,'! .,' ! 9.#3.&!&! 6'%'#)(*"( (! 6(/(! 3.&.)!*2! /- ! 9'%'! 9.5
<!"3! !/(%!( !-".%.#!9-%03".&./("(%7!8)3.&"!O&!&!9!#!"! !&!!/. ".,.&!:'!;!*".&1!5
%.&!',3'&"'%(&!/'"#(!1'!'&!$&'3"()(2!b%.&)!*! ;,("."(O&(&!8)3.&"!!,'/..)!!+*'%(&5 1'! -"0 ,0%10 0! 3(""(9',4("(#! .#!3!1!%7! L0! (;,(".""'! /. ".9.&! 9'&(! 1$&'3! (4(&!
9.#! ,!%!".&! U.91!&".&3.! 4. !V! (/.%')(2! ((%1'! U/+9+#! .91!&"!#V! -".%.#! 9'%! /0"5 30 ,0%7!!
L. ".3.!("( #(&!1' '%"'&1(%3'"'%!9.<!"1! !&1.!6$%+"+9-%!#(2!/(%(&=(!/$"+3+&!
)$*='"'3'!$*&')(!U$*6+%"+#!. #!V1!%7!R*6+%"+#!. #!9".!9.&.&f9.#!".&!8)3.&"!!
W':"',(!1'!/(%!1'%:( !'1.)!9".!/-9&0&0!/+#'%!:'!. #.!,')"(3(9',"'!U;0V!1'%7!
7&$+4*56$
\(3(!$*'"!.1".%2!6$),'%6'"'%!6(/(!(&).&!*(;&(&1'!/.*!!,.).%!3".%!&!/'"(%3')(&(!
). ".%".%2!#( ("'%'!:'!,-<"03".%.!$*6+!10960!1' '%"'%(!,. !%".%7!N'%9+*+&1'#(!;'%!
9'%1'>! ! D.%#"!! 1(&"'%1'! #0,)."! ).9!".&! #( ("'%(&f! 0"0".%!&2! /+9+#! #.;%.3.&f! 1+ 5 3.&".%!&! .1".%!! )$9"'&1( (&1'! /0! .1".%!&! 4' (,"(! 10960! :'! ,.).%!3! 4'%4':'"'%(!
(4(&'!6(%1(#"'%(!-%,.1.1!%!BT#).&2!IJEY2!)7!EJ_K7! ((%1'#(!(#(!$*'"!.1!Ba'.&&'!:'!
T;:' K2!;'3!6'&'"!;'3!1'!$*'"!,.).%!3".%".!1-&.&3! ,!%7!
#(&=(!/$"+31'!9(&'!10960!1' '%(!-".&2!)'3/-""' 3( !/(%!()(3"'!#.% !". !9-5
%0*[!'%3( !S';.&&'!Ba'.&&'!WO.%=K7!a'.&&'!WO.%=!BEPEI5EPYEK2!b%.&)!*!/(%!#$9"+!
#!*!1!%7! N+*! N!"! Z.:. ".%!! &'1'&(9"'! (4! #.%! !#"!#".%! (4(&1'! #!:%.&.&! +"#')(&(!
&6("(*"'%!9$&',3'#,'!:'!b%.&)!*!\%."!!/(%!:.%"!#!6$),'%'3'3'#,'1(%7!EH!9. !&5 1.#(! WO.%=2! #%."!! ,.;,.! 6'43'9'! =').%',"'&1(%'='#2! b%.&).O9!! .9. .! #."1!%.=.#!
/(%!;.%'#',(!,' '##+"!',,(%(%!:'!/. .%!"!!1.!-"0%7!\%."!/. .!6'4'%2!b%.&).!1(%"( (&'!
#.:0 0%7!T3.! &6("(*"'%!a'.&&'O!&!/0!;.3"')(&(!0&0,3.*".%!:'! #%."1.&!-&0!()5 ,'%"'%7!\%."2!-&.!).;(<!4!#3.*!:'! &6("(*"'%'!,')"(3!'1'%7! &6("(*"'%!-&0!4.,,!#".%!!
-10&".%!&!+*'%(&1'!1(%(!1(%(!9.#.%".%$B?'91.&!l.%-0))'2!)7!iHJK[!3-2+.%#$&%)!4$
,5),+-0$ !"#$ (%-!+$ '%()!*B0#*" $ 601%++07!+$ "&"$ 53.-2@$ 8! ;."1'2! /0! /$"+3+&!
)$*='"'3'! $*&')(! U3(""(9',4("(#f:.,.&! . #!V! -"3.#,.1!%2! 4+&#+! WO.%=O!! 9.#.&!
/010%7!U(4(!)-"10V!."! !"3.1!#!/. 1. ,!%3.)!&1.!1.!a'.&&'O!&!:'!-&0&!D(#(%"'%(5
&(&! U#+"V! -"0 0! ,.):(%! '1("(%! 6(/(1(%7! &6("(*"'%='! 9.#.".&!<! &6("(*!9.&"!)!! '&6(5
*()9-&!3.;#'3')(!#.%.%!9".!9.#!".&!WO.%=O.!$"+3+&1'&!PFJ!9!"!)-&%.2!9(&'!.9&!!
#("()'! ,.%.D!&1.&! U.*(*'V! 0&:.&!! :'%("3( ,(%7! ((%1'! .1',.2! b%.&).O1.&! /. ".9.&!
U.91!&"!#!4. !V&!#.%.&"!#!3.*()(!6$*"'%!$&+&'!)'%("3'#,'1(%7!!
Uk.3.&!&1.!#!93',(!/("(&3'9'&"'%V!$%&'#"'3')(!6(/(!6$%+&'&! ((%1'2!a'.&&'!
1.!. #.!,')"(3!-"0<!/(%!1'%:( !6(/(!U;0V!1'%7!!
8&$+4*56$$
L0!/$"+31'#(!U.;:' V!/(%!T%.<!6%.3'%(!X"(3(1(%7!m"(32!U.;D' (&!#'4()(!6(/(!
/. !&!!)."".3.#V!1'9(3(9"'!)(36'"' 3( !:'!/06+&'!,. !&3! !)'3/-"!/(%!()(31(%7!
T;D' ! 1'&("'&! 6$*! ;.),."! !&1.&! 30*1.%(<! /(%! #( (1(%2! /0! &'1'&"'! 1'! ;.),."! !!
".#./!!-"30 ,0%7!]+&' '!:'!! ! .!#.% !!. !%!!109.%"!"!#".%!!)'/'/(9"'2!.;D' !;.),.5
"! !&.!9.#.".&.&".%! 6$*"'%(&(! #!).%.#! /.#.%".%3! ! :'! /0!#( ("'%(&!6$*"'%(! #+4+#!
-"0%30 ! B\.&1'3(%2! EFHHK7! ((%1'! /.;)(! 6'4'&! m"(3! T;D' O(&! :'%1( (! 1'%)"'%'!
<'#!#.,!"!3!-"3.*3! 7!T;D' !1'!;'3!("(3!,0,#0)0&1.&!;'3!1'!1':"',,'&!."1! !!
3.. !!;.#!'1'/("3'#!(4(&!3'#,'<,'!#'&1(!#'&1(&'!1'%)!.&".,!%3! !:'!/0!1'%)"'%'!
#'4()(&(!1'!6$,+%+%3+ !B?'91.&!l.%-0))'K7!W'%)(&!/'""(!9'%"'%(&1'!#'4(9'!UT&5
".1!&! 3!nV! 1(9'! )-%.%2! -&0&! 90".%!&!! 4'#'%'#! /. !&!! . . !! 90#.%!! )."".3.)!&!!
). ".9.%.#! -&1.&! -&.9! ."!%3! 7! ,'! /0! &(,'"(#"'%(! :'! $9#+)+9"'! T;D' ! ((%1'2!
0."*-0+$ (%'-!$ -08$ ("!#").0#"B)0.$ )0.$ (%8#2.-2$ ("#4"(.0#"*B%180 $ /0.-"$ -0-"B12$
1(*'"'%(9"'!.&!3).,!"3! !:'!6$*"'%(&1'#(!;.),."! !&!)'/'/(!("(3!. #!&!&!."':"'%(95
"'! #(%<(#"'%(&(&! 9.&3.)!9".! /. 1. ". ,!%!".%.#! U;+)&+! ,."("V! ).&.,!! 9.<!"3! ,!%7!
L$9"'"(#"'! ((%(&! /0! /$"+3+&+&! )$*='"'3'! $*&')(! U("(3! . #!V! -"0%! :'! T;D' 2!
1' '%(! .&". !".3.3! ! :'! #'&1(&(! ("3(&! . #!9".! 9.#3! ! /(%! 1'%:( ! -".%.#! U;0V!
1'%7!
9&$+4*56$
C0."#0+;$/9:,+,$!% !+!$'%(%+$!"#$ ""#1'&!)$*!'1("'&!/0!/$"+31'!;'3!#( ("' 5 ,(%3'! ;'3! 1'! ."! !"3.1!#! /. 1. ,!%3.".%! 9'%! ."!9-%7! R&='#(! /$"+3"'%"'! ("(&,("(!
-".%.#!1+ +&1+ +3+*1'!30;,'3'"1(%!#(! ((%"'%(f')'%"'%(!&'1'&(9"'!;.<)'!1+ '&!
).&.,#X%".%1.&! /.;)'1("3'#,'1(%! /0%.1.7! M.,,.! )2)5! D(("(&(&! U;+%%(9',(&1'&! 9-#5
)0&!/!%.#!<!/(%!9'%'!#.<.3.#2!,':#(D!',3'#V!.&".3!!1.!/0!4. %! !3".!("( #("'&1(5
%("'/("(%7!!
!"#$ ""#$)2))2*$-0."#-"!
'%()!$/9:,+,$!% !+!$
!U ((%!,0,5U!)$*+2!U .%#!!,0,5f!D."!,0,5U!/(%"' (#!D((""'%(&(&!).<3.)!!6(/(!6$%+"'5 /("(%7! ((%!)$*=+ +!T%.<4.1!%!:'!.&".3!!o)'*6(2!(";.32!(";.3.!1.9."!!(D.1'V!1(%7!
L0!.&".31.!/.#!"1! !&1.!/.;)'1("'&!#.:%.3!&!/06+&!#0"".&1! !3!*!3.&.1.! ((%!
-"3.)!&.!6'%'#!9-#,0%7!W("(3(*1'!6$*+&+!/. !&!!9.#3.#!1(9'!/(%!1'9(3!9-#,0%>!
D.#.,!/0!#0"".&!3!1.!!% !+!$'%(A!1'9(3(&(&!).<3.!9-"09".!9'&(1'&!.&".3".&1!5
%!"3.)!!6(/(1(%7!D% !+!$'%(A!1'9(3(2!6+4!10%03.!)-#3.#!.&".3!&1.1!%7!L(%! ((%2!
-&0! )$9"'9'&(! 6+4! 10%03.! )-#30 2! -&0&! /. !&!! 9.#3! 2! .(%(&(! 9-#! ',3( ,(%7!
g1'/(9.,!,.%(;(3(*1'!/$9"'!10%03".%!&!<'#!4-#!$%&' (!:.%1!%7!T&=.#2!U;0V! ((%(5
&(&!/$"+3"'%(&1'!8)3.&"!!W':"',(O&(&!9!#!"! !2!b%.&)!*! ;,("."(2!a'.&&'!WO.%=O!&!
$"1+%+"+ +2!m"(3!T;D' !6$&1'%6'"'%(&(&!BT;D' !.1!&1.!/(%1'&!4-#!X"(3!-"3.)!!
#')(&! ,.%(;'! 0". 3.9.! '&6'"! -").! 1.K! ,.%(;)'"! -".%.#! 9'&(1'&! ')#(9'! #%-&-"-S(#!
/(%! )!%.1.&! )$*! '1("'/("'=' (! (4(&! /0! /$"+31'! /.;)'1("'&! #( (! 9.! 1.! -".9!&!
T;D' O"'!' *.3.&"!!:'9.!T;D' O,'&!$&='!-"3.)!!6'%'#,( (!#.&..,(&1'9(*7!T9%!=.!
9.#5! '9"'3(&(&! 4. %! !3!&!2! *.3.&!&1.! 1' '%(! .&". !".3.3! ! -".&".%!&! ((%1'!
.&".,!"1! !&!! 1+ +&1+ +3+*1'! #.% !3!*.! 4!#.&! ()(3! M."".=5!! ?.&)0%! -"3.#,.5 1!%7!M."".=5!!?.&)0%2!U;0V&0&!,.).::0D(!3.&.)!&.!'%3( 2!;.,,.!/0!3.&.&!&!305
%.,!-"0&3.)!&.!#.9&.#"!#!',3( !/(%!#( (1(%7!k(%.!,.).::0D,.!U. #V!$9"'!/(%!."':1(%!
#(! 9+#)'"1( (! *.3.&! ;'%! '9(! 9.#.%2! ).1'='! T"".;! #."!%! B .;(&2! IJJEK7! ?':".5
&.O9.!6$%'!. #2!#X(&.,!&!9.%.,!"! !)'/'/(2!;.9.,!&!.)"!2!;'%!,+%"+!#'3."'!'%3'&(&!
,'3'"(!:'!;'%! '9(&!#.9&. !1!%7!!M'%!:.%"!#!T"".;O.!0". 3.#".!)-&!/0"0%7!@.&%!5 (&).&!3+&.)'/',(&1'!(#("(#,'&!#0%,0"3.#!6'%'#(%!:'!/0!1.!U'&'5/'&V!(&!$"3')(95
"'!-"0%7! &).&!D.&(2!T"".;!/.#(1(%7!L0!&'1'&"'!M."".=2!<'#!4-#!1(&!X"(3(&(&!#.&.5 .,(&'!6$%'2!Ug&'O"5M.##V!)$*+9"'!UL'&!D.&(!-"1032!M.##!#."1!7V!1'3( ,(%7! &).&!
T"".;O".!/+,+&"' 3'3( 2!(&).&!9-#!-"30 ,0%!BD'&.K7!!L0!)$*+!1':%(&!',#(&!#( ("'5
%(&='! U (%#V! ).9!"1! !&1.&! ?.&)0%2! 1'%()(! 9+*+"'%'#! $"1+%+"3+ ,+%! :'! =')'1(!
9.#!".%.#! #+""'%(! ).:%0"30 ,0%! B`"01. 2! EFFG>! g:"(9.".%! T&)(#"-<'1()(2! EFFJK7!
L0!/. ".31.2!/$"+3+&!)$*='"'3'!$*&')(!1'!U(".;(!. #V!,!%7!
&).&!&!4!#.&!:'!6(%'&!;'%!)-"0 0&1.!U;'V!)')(!9.&(!T"".;O!&!.1!!:.%1!%7!UM0V!
)$*=+ +&1'#(!U:.:V!()'!%0;0!,'3)("!'1'%7!@.).::0D.!6$%'!1'!T"".;O!&!FF!()3(&(&!
1'!4!#! !&-#,.)!!U;0V!10%7!M0!.9%!=.!1'%:( !)'".3!1!%7!W'%:( !B/. #.!.&".3".%!!
1.! -"3.#".! /(%"(#,'K2! U."4.#! 6$&+""+! -".&! :'! ;'%! '9(! ;- ! 6$%'&! #(3)'V1(%!
B?'91.&! l.%-0))'2! EFFIK7! ! ?.11')'"! :.%"! .! $&'3! :'%3'9'&2! M.#! 9-"0&0&!
9-"=0)010%7!g"'!."1! !3!*! ((%1'!,+%"+!. #!("'!/(%!&':(!UD'&.V!9.!0". .&!9.&(!9-#!
-".&! :.%"!#".%1.&! )$*! '1("(9-%7! L0! :.%"!#".%! . #! ("'! 9.&3! f9.#!"3! ".%1!%! :'!
-&".%!&!;'<)(!1'!.1',.!/(%'%!."4.#!6$&+""+"+#!:'!%!*.!6$),'%'%'#2!/. ".%!&.!6'"'&5
"'%(! 1'%:( 4')(&'! #.% !".3! ".%1!%7! 8)3.&"!O&!&2! a';.&&'O!&2! T;D' O(&! :'!
M."".=O!&! -%,.#! 9$&"'%(! 1':(%"'%(&1'! #!93',"'%(&(&! /("(&3'3( ! -"3.)!! :'! ;'%!
/(%(&(!9-#!'1'&! '9(&!BD.%#"!!,+%"'%1'!1'!-").K!U. #V!-"3.)!1!%7!
:&$+4*56$
Z-&!/$"+31'!)$*='"'3'!$*&')(2!1( '%!/$"+3"'%(&!,.3.3!&!!(4'%'&!6'&'"!/(%!
U. #V!#.:%.3!1!%7!T #>!%)0 $'"'0+;$%.08$'2)%+!/(%!:.%"!#!-".%.#!,.):(%!'1("3( ,(%7!
N.&(!. #!."':1'&2!.,' ,'&!/')"'&3'#,'1(%7!T #!&!#'&1()(!/(%!.,' !()'2!/0!9'&("'&!
.,' !:'!90,0".&!."':!-&0!/+9+,+%2!9-#!',3'*7!L0!&'1'&"'!. #2!)-&!1(*'1'!U/(%!
/'&!9.&3!9-%03V$1'3'#,'1(%7!!
%.$(%.0*$80#$(%.0*$
1%.%$ "* 0($&":/".0#"$&0("'3#2*$
W(*'"'%(&1'#(! U (3 '#V! '! 1'! 1' (&3'#! 6'%'#(%7! (3 '#! 6$),'%6')(&(&!
6$&1'%6')'"!.&".3![!UL(%!/0"0,0&!,./.&!!("'!9'%!.%.)!&1.2!(#(!/0"0,!.%.)!&1.!:'9.!
/(%! /0"0,! (4(&1'! '"'#,%(#! /- ."!%#'&! -"0 .&! #!%!#! 4(*6(! /(4(3(&1'#(! 6'4(=(!! !#7V!
,!%! B]@ZK7! b.#.,! (3 ' (&! ((%1'>! . #2! 9.&3.#2! ."':! )$*=+#"'%(&1'! -"10 0! 6(/(!
1' ( 3'='"(!B3',.D-%(#K!/(%!.&".31.!#0"".&!"1! !&!2!)(36')'"!/(%!.&".3!!-"10 05
&0!-%,.9.!.,./("(%(*7!
(3 '#! 6$#9+*+&1'! 6'%4'#"' (%2! ' '%!9!"1!%!3.! 1$&+ +<!9'%9+*+&'! 1+ '%)'!
9.&6!&.! &'1'&! -"./("(%7! U;.".! (3 '#! 4(*6("'%(! 4'#(9-%03V! 1(9'&! % (2! 9!"1!%!3!
1+ +%3'9'! :'! 1-".9!)!9".! . #! .,' (! 9.#3.9.! 1.(3.! ;.*!%1!%7! (3 '#2! <'#! 4-#!
(&.&4!)(),'3(!:'!1(&1'!-"10 0!6(/(2! )".3!1(&(&1'!1'!$&'3"(1(%7!M'3!030,2!;'3!
#-%#0!(D.1'!'1'%>!4+&#+!9. 30%0&!;./'%=()(!1'!-"./("(%2!9!"1!%!3!-"0<!9.&6!&!1.!
-"0 ,0%./("(%!B#(!9. 30%f9.&6!&!,'*.1!!1.!1(##.,!4'#(=(1(%K7! (3 '#,'&!\0%O.&5!!
\'%(3O1'!Cp3!Z0%')(O&(&!IP7!.9',(&1'[!U\-%#0!:'!+3(,!#.9&. !!-".%.#! (3 ' (!
)(*'! 6$),'%3')(2! 6$#,'&! 9. 30%! (&1(%(<! -&0&".! 9'%9+*+&+! $"+3+&1'&! )-&%.!
1(%(",3')(! 8O&0&! B:.%"! !&!&! :'! #01%',(&(&K! 1'"(""'%(&1'&1(%7! +<;')(*! /0&1.!
.#"!&!!#0"".&.&!/(%!,-<"03!(4(&!'"/',,'!(/%',"'%!:.%1!%V!(D.1'"'%(9"'!)$*!'1("3'#5 ,'1(%7!T #2!(&).&!!T"".;O.!6$,+%'&2!':%'&(&!3.&.)!&!!(&).&.!(D .!'1'&!,'#!.%.4,!%7!
L0!.%.=!&! (3 '#"'!("( #("'&1(%("3')(!1'!3.&(1.%1!%7!!
Z-&!-".%.#!1(##.,!4'#3'#!(),'1( (3(*!;0)0)! 010%!#(>!T;D' !:'!a'.&&'!()(35
"'%(&(&! .(%! ,.%.D!&1.&! #.)!,"!! -".%.#! 9.&"! ! 9.*!"1! !&!! 1+ +&+9-%0*7! L$9"'! /+5 9+#!/(%! .(%(&!(&='!(&='!( "'1( (!/(%! ((%1'!/0&".%!&!;.,.!1' ("!/(%!).<3.2!/(%!/("5 3'='! 6(/(! #0"".&!"1! !! #.&..,(&1'9(*7! a'.&&'O.! U;V! ;.%D(&(! '#"'3( ! B ((%1'!
S';.&&'!-".%.#!6'4(9-%K2!T;D' O,'!B.;:' K!UDV!)')(!9'%(&'!U:V!)')(!#0"".&3! ,!%7!
L0!(#(!1' ( (#"( (&!)-&0=0!-".%.#!U;V!:'!U:V!)')"'%(!T%.<4.!9.*!"! !!("'!U;0V!90!
-"0 ,0%3.#,.1!%7! W("2! !0."#."$ %*%&.%#%$ 2'/2+$ %+.%)!*$ %#%&.%#!&!&! -"0 ,0%10 0!
/(%! )(),'31(%7! W(")'"! 1' ( (#"(#"'%! 6'&'""(#"'! )(),'3'! B1(*6'9'K! 9$&'"(#,(%"'%! :'!
-&0!9'&(1'&!-"0 ,0%3.#2!). ".3". ,!%3.#!6(/(!.3.4".%".!9.<!"!%".%!BC(D.,2!IJIJ2!
)7!Y_K7!L(%!1("!)(),'3(!-".%.#!1' '%"'&1(%("1( (&1'!U;0V! ((%(&1'!1'!/0!.3.4".%.!
0". !"1! !&!!6$%3'#,'9(*7!!
';)(/$
T,,("X! ";.&O!&! U;0V&0&! 1.! (4(&1'! -"10 0! UZ()"'%! L0":.%!V! #(,./!2! EFPJO"!5 _JO"(!9!"".%1.!#."'3'!."1! !! ((%"'%1'&!-"0 09-%7!\(,./!&!)-&0&.!("( ,(%1( (!U?'5
%.#"!)!! 4(&! ^-,".%V! #!)3!&1.&! /0! /("6("'%'! 0". ./("(9-%0*7! L0! #!)!31.! ";.&!
U;0V! ((%(!(4(&! $9"'!1'3'#,'1(%[!UT9&!!1.3.%1.&!/(%!/. #.! ((%2!9."&!*!/0!1'D.!
,.).::0D! ((%(&1'&!/(%!%+*6X%!;())'1("(9-%7!Z-&!3!)%.2!/(%!$&='#(! ((%(&!+3(,"'%(&(!
9'&("'3'9'! 4./."!9-%7V! .(%(&! /0! )$*"'%(2! /$"+3"'%! /-90&=.! -%,.9.! #-&.&! :'!
9.&3.#".! )-&".&.&! ,+%"+! U. #V! (D.1')(&(! .4!#".3.#,.2! 4$*+3"'3'! :'%("'%(9"'!
$%,+ 3'#,'1(%7!
C$<-%,.S".%!&1.!(D.1'!',,( (!1- %0",01.! 0&0!/("(9-%0*!#(! ";.&2!9.&"! !L.,!"!5
". 3.&!&! #.% !)!&1.! /(%! 10%0 ! )'%6("'%! :'! 3-1'%&! -"3.#! .1!&.! #.1(3! #+",+%'"!
1' '%"'%'!)!%,!1$&+"3')(&1'&! (#X9',4(1(%7!IJJY!9!"!&1.!j.,.&!6.*',')(&'!:'%1( (!
%$<-%,.S2!,.3!1.!/0!1+ +&='"'%(&(!.4!#".%!&(,'"(#,'1(%7!R&='!).&.,!;.9.,!&!!$*',5
"'%>!/. ".%1.!;."#! ((%(!9.*1! !&!2!T&.1-"0O1.!9. .1! !!6+&"'%1'!W(:.&! ((%(&'!:'!
.%0*.!;':')!'1'%'#!IJJ!6.*'"!#."'3'!."1! !&!2!/(%!.%.!1.!).1'='!^X*!3!M(#3',O(!
,.#"(,!',,(#,'&!)-&%.!#'&1(!)')(&(!/0"10 0&0!(D.1'!'1'%7! ,'!/0!)')2!/(%!)'&,'*1(%!
:'! ((%1'!1'!#'&1(&(!6$),'%(%7!T,,("X! ";.&O.!6$%'!#'&1()(!1'!1X;("!-"3.#!+*'%'2!
;'%!*.3.&!-#0&.&! .(%"'%(&! ((%"'%(&(&!-%,.#!/(%!$*'""( (!:.%1!%[!6'"'&'#)'"!/(%!)')!
,. !3.#7!L0!)')(&! ((%1'!/0"0&3.3.)!&!&!-&0!.1',.!4':(%(!/(%! ((%'!1$&+ ,+%1+5 +&+!1+ +&+%!:'! #(&=(!N'&(O9(!BZ'*.(!\.%.#-4!;.%(4K!'"' ,(%(%7!]'"'&'#)'"!)')(&!
/(%!U/(4(3V!-"10 0&0!)$9"'%7!L0!/(4(3(&!(4(&'!9'&(!/(%!U$*V+!1'!#'&1()(&(&!6'5 ,(%1( (&(!(D.1'!'1'%[!UZ'%/'),! ((%"'%(3!)':("(9-%7!L(%4- 0!1.!/'),'"'&1(!-&".%!&7!
^'1'&n! Q+&#+! /$9"'! /(%! 3'3"'#',(&! /(&! )'&'"(#! 6'"'&' (&(&!9'&(! /(%! . .3.)!!
-&".%7!8!)')!1'3'#!#(2!)'%/'),!-".%.#!1.!)$9"'&'/("(%!:'!6+&+3+*+&!30;,':.)!&!!
1.!(D.1'!'1'/("(%3( V7!]$%+"1+ +!+*'%'! .(%2!#'&1(! ((%(&(!EJJJ!9!""!#!/(%!6'"'&'5 (&!1':.3!!-".%.#!6$%3'#,'2!/0!.&".31.!6'43( (&'!).;(<!4!#3.#,.1!%7!Z.&.,4!5
&!&2! ;.,,.! 3'3"'#',,'#(! ,+3! (&).&".%!&! L.,!O9!! (9(! /("3')(&(2! /0! /("6(9"'! #'&1(!
#.1(3! /("6(2! 1'&'9(3! :'! ).&.,!&!! ;.%3.&".3.)!&!2! /(%! )'&,'*'! 0". 3.)!&!! .%*0!
'1'%7! U;0V! ((%(&1'! /0! )'&,'*! #'&1()(&(! 6$),'%3'#,'1(%7! a'.&&'! WO.%=! :'!
T;D' O(&!()(3"'%(&(&!9.*!3!&1.!9.<!".&!#.)!,"!!;.,.!:'!/0!;.,.%".%1.&!U;0V!)$*5
=+ +&+&! -"0 3.)!! W(:.&! g1'/(9.,!O&1.#(! U"06.*V! ,+%+&+&! 3-1'%&! ;."(! -".%.#!
1+ +&+"'/("(%7! .(%(&!).&.,,.!,.%(;)'"!/. ".31.!/+,+&=+"!/.#3.&!&!/(%!*'&6(&"(#!
-"10 0! 1+ +&=')(&'! 6+*'"! /(%! $%&'#! ,' #("! ',3'#,'1(%7! ! Z.9!)!*! (&).&2! U/+9+#!
.91!&"!#V,.! L.,!O&!&! D(#%q! ='%'9.&!&.! #.<!"!<! 9+*"'%='! 9!""!#! 1' '%(&(&2! 8)3.&5
"!O&!&2! 9.#!"3.)!&.f9-#! '1("3')(&'! )'9(%=(! #."3! ,!%7! ((%(&! /(%(&=(! /$"+3+! /0!
6'%4' '!.9%!"3! ,!%!:'!9.<!"3.)!!6'%'#'&!)'&,'*'!6$&1'%3'!9.<!"3! ,!%7!
UZ()"'%! L0":.%!V&!&! #."'3'! ."!&1! !! EFPJO"!5_JO"(! .(%2! ),.&/0"5A.%()5 *3(%!
.%.)!&1.!3'#(#!1-#010 0&0!(D.1'!',3'#,'1(%7!L.;)',,( (!;.%'#',"(!9. .3!&!6'45 ,( (!9'%"'%(&!1'2!;.9.,!&!&!/0!1$&'3(&1'!@+%#(9'O1'!6'%4'#"' '&!)(9.)(!6'"( 3'5
"'%(&!1'!B)- 0#!).:. !:'!)(9.)("'%(&!,0,0".%!2! .(%(&!(D.1')(9"'!U,-<"03=0V!-*.&".5
%.!/.)#!".%2!\-%'!Z.:. !!:/7K! ((%"'%(&'!9.&)!1! !!6$%+"3'#,'1(%7! .(%(&[!UT3.42!
'"! .",!&1.&2! (4(&1'! 9. .1! !3!*! /.)#!2! '*(9',2! #.%.3).%"!#! -%,.3!&!! .&".,3.#7!
M'%! '9'!%. 3'&2!;(4!1' (")'!+3(,!',3'#,'&!+3(,!#')("'3'9'=' (&(!.#,.%3.#7V!
)$*"'%(!')'%"'%(&'!9.&)!9-%7! ";.&!U;0V! ((%(&1'>!$*6+%"+#2!("(32!3(""(9',4("(#!6(/(!
4' (,"(!. #".%!&!9-#!',,( (!).&!".&!#.:%.32!&')&'!:'!(&).&".%!&!9'&(!:'!+3(,!:'%(=(!
1' '%"'%'!1$&+ +3+&+!9.&)!,3.#,.1!%7!!
<=>)=1/=$
T;D' 7!BEFFIK7!E0'-%+$F%#32550!Bd(",!r2!)7!E_HK7!(4(&1'! ),.&/0"[!Z./.;!].*',')(!
N.9!&".%!7!
T#).&2!W7!BEFFFK7!G+.%*!"."*@!T&#.%.[!g&6(&!N.9!&':(7!
T#).&2!W7!BIJEYK7! ""#$C"."$80$H,#($ ""#$C"."!BG7!/7K7!T&#.%.[!L("6(!N.9!&':(7!
T).&2! s7! BIJEP2! T%."!#! EYK7! ?(,-"-S(! :'! W'),.&".%1.#(! N$&+! "'! T&!,! T .4".%7!
5)%+!2.I2+$C3 %.$E"#%5!$G+!)$G %&.%#A$G+%-3.2$J%(%5!!B)7!PG5_iK7!(4(&1'! )5 ,.&/0"[! ),.&/0"! L+9+# ';(%! L'"'1(9')(7! ;,,<)[ffttt7.&.1-"0.&(,.6.=".%7!
=-3f!.1%')(&1'&!IE7JY7IJEH!,.%(;(&1'!."!&1!!
>,+=0.$H,#(&0$K9:.,(7!B,.%(;!9-#K7!@+%#!W("!\0%030[!;,,<)[ff)-*"0#76-:7,%f!.15
%')(&1'&!."!&1!!
M.&4'%"( - "02!87!BIJE_K7!L0.50M0$K9:., ,!BII7!/7K7! ),.&/0"[!C'3*(!\(,./':(7!
Mp7!BEFFIK7!E0'-%+$F%#32550!Bd(",!ru2!)7!IEY5IEPK7!(4(&1'! ),.&/0"[!Z./.;!].5
*',')(!N.9!&".%!7!
M+)'9(&!L7!?.&)0%!M.""X=7!BEFFJK7!H0#=,*%+$N8."'%.%#$G+5"(.340-"5"!Bd(",!rr2!)7!
I_E5I_PK7!(4(&1'! ),.&/0"[!@'%=+3.&!N.9!&".%!7!
";.&2!T7!BEFFYK7!D,),+$ ""#.0#"OP$K"5.0#$D2.8%#!!BG7!/7K7!T&#.%.[!L("6(!N.9!&':(7!
";.&2! T7! BEFFHK7! T,,("X! ";.&! "'! ((%! :'! C-3.&! s*'%(&'7! N. 30%! W'%6()(7!
;,,<[ffttt710)0&='#.;:')(7&',!.1%')(&1'&!EY7Ji7IJEH!,.%(;(&1'!."!&1!!
";.&2! T7! BIJJYK7! T,,("X! ";.&v!&! L("(&3'9'&"'%(7! ;,,<)[ffttt7;./'%Y7=-3! .1%'5 )(&1'&!EJ7J_7IJEF!,.%(;(&1'!."!&1!!
a'.&&'!Wv.%=7!BEFFIK7! ),.&/0"[!Z./.;!].*',')(!N.9!&".%!7!
\.6.&2!Z7!BEFFYK7!N5)0)"($80$K%+%)$C0#5.0#"!BI7!/7K7!BT7!Q."! ".%2!Q':7K!T&#.%.[!
36'!\(,./':(!N.9!&".%!7!
\.&1'3(%2!?7!BEFHHK7!T;D' 7!HCQ$ 5.R*$G+5"(.340-"5"!Bd(",!r2!)7!_IP5_I_K7!(4(&5 1'! ),.&/0"[!@Wj! )"X3!T%. ,!%3.".%!!?'%#'*(7!
S2#I%+A!$S0#"*7!B,.%(;!9-#K7!T 0),-)!EJ2!IJEF!,.%(;(&1'!W(9.&',! "'%(!L. #.&"!5
!! w'/! )(,')([! ;,,<)[ff#0%.&71(9.&',76-:7,%f,'D)(%f)0%'fEEI5(;".)5)0%')(! .1%'5 )(&1'&!."!&1!!
\+4+#2! Z72! T:=!2! N72! e! '&6+"2! g7! BIJEG2! T%."!#K7! @-<"030&! W':%(#! d+3"'!
M.##!&1.#(! W+ +&=')(! :'! ^')(%1'! W':%(#! d+3"'&(&! N'%(7! H%#"1$ S,.),#$ 80$
K%+%)$G#% )!#*%.%#!$C0#/"5"BiK2!)7!_PI5___7!
8&62! w7! BIJEHK7! K9:.,$ 80$ J%:!.!$ S,.),#! Bi7! /7K7! BZ7! A-),.=!- "0! L.&-&2! Q':7K!
),.&/0"[!?',()!N.9!&=!"!#7!
C(D.,2!?7!BEFFGK7!>95)0#/0$G8=!.%#!@! ),.&/0"[!N.<!!\%'1(!N.9!&".%!7!
C(D.,2!?7!BIJEFK7!>95)0#/0!"."*"+$GDTI5"!B_7!/7K7! ),.&/0"[!Z.9!N.9!&".%!7!
C(D.,2! ?7! BIJIJK7!UU@$ J,:'!.-%$ C".!"."*$ 80$ >95)0#/0!"."*$ S2#%*.%#!AP! B_7!/7K7!
),.&/0"[!N.<!!\%'1(!N.9!&".%!7!
.;(&2!^7!BIJJEK7!?':".&.!d'"."'11(&!C03(!:'!]7!w7!b7!M'6'"v1'!L.*!!?',.D(5
*(#!\.:%.3".%!&!\.% !". ,!%!"3.)!7!H%5%882MB_K2!)7!HY5EJF7!
`"01. 2!Z7!BEFFGK7!M.""X=5!!?.&)p%7!HCQ$ 5.R*$G+5"(.340-"5"!Bd(",!uj2!)7!YGG5 YHEK7!(4(&1'! ),.&/0"[!@Wj! )"X3!T%. ,!%3.".%!!?'%#'*(7!!
