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Anatomik Terimler: düzlemler

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Dr. Güvenç GÖRGÜLÜ İSKELET VE KAS SİSTEMİ

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Median yada

mid-sagittal Sagittal yada

paramedian Koronal yada

frontal Transvers yada yatay

Anatomik Terimler: düzlemler

(3)

Anatomik Terimler:Lokasyon(Konumlandırma) 1. Kranial - kafaya doğru

2. Kaudal – ayaklara doğru 3. Medial – ortaya doğru

4. Lateral – kenardan yada kenara doğru 5. Proksimal – ekstremitelerin (kol ve

bacaklar) bağlantı yerlerine doğru

6. Distal – ekstermeitelerde parmaklara doğru 7. Süperior - yukarı

8. İnferior - aşağı

9. Anterior – önden / öne doğru

10. Posterior – arkadan / arkaya doğru 11. Periferal – yüzeye doğru

12. Palmer – avuç içi / içine doğru

13. Plantar – ayak taban içi / içine doğru

(4)

1. Lateral rotasyon 2. medial rotasyon 3. Supinasyon

4. Pronasyon

5. Eversiyon

6. İnversiyon

7. Adduksiyon

8. Abduksiyon

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1. Kafatası 2. Mandibula 3. Hiyoid Kemik 4. Servikal Omurlar 5. Klavikula

6. Sternum

7. Kostal Kıkırdak 8. Kosta (Kaburga) 9. Skapula

10. Humerus 11. Radius 12. Ulna

13. Karpal Kemikler

14. Metakarpal Kemikler 15. El parmak kemikleri 16. Göğüs omurları

17. Bel Omurları 18. Sakrum

19. Os Koksa (İleum-İschium-Pubis) 20. Femur

21. Patella 22. Tibia 23. Fibula

24. Tarsal Kemikler

25. Metatarsal Kemikler 26. Ayak parmak kemikleri

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1. Frontal Kemik

2. Supra-Orbital Foramen 3. Orbit (Orbital Boşluk) 4. Superior Orbital Yarık 5. Inferior Orbital Yarık 6. Zygomatic Kemik

7. Infra-Orbital Açıklık 8. Maksilla

9. Mandibula 10. Mental Açıklık 11. Insisif Çukur 12. Simfisis

13. Vomer

14. Inferior Nazal Boynuzcuk 15. Orta Nazal Boynuzcuk 16. Etmoid Kemik

17. Nazal Kemik 18. Lakrimal Kemik

Kafatası Önden Görünüş

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1. Parietal Kemik 2. Koronal Sutur 3. Frontal Kemik 4. Nasal Kemik 5. Vomer

6. Lacrimal Kemik

7. Ethmoid (orbital kısmı) 8. Zigomatic Kemik

9. Maksilla

10. Mandibulanın gövdesi 11. Mandibular Ramus 12. Koronoid Uzantı 13. Mandibular Kondil 14. Mental Açıklık 15. Stiloid Uzantı

16. Eksternal Acoustic Meatus 17. Mastoid Uzantı

18. Zigomatik Uzantı 19. Temporal Kemik

20. Greater Wing of Sfenoid 21. Inferior Temporal Çizgi 22. Superior Temporal Çizgi 23. Skuamozal Sutur

24. Lambdoidal Sutur 25. Oksipital Kemik

Lateral (Yandan) Görünüş

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1. Parietal Kemik

2. Sagital Sutur 3. Lambdoid Sutur 4. Oksipital Kemik

5. Eksternal Oksipital Protruberans

6. Superior Nuchal Line 7. Inferior Nuchal Line

Arka/Üstten Görünüş

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1. Oksipital Kemik 2. Lambdoidal Sütür 3. Parietal Kemik

4. Sagittal Sütür 5. Koronal Sütür 6. Frontal Kemik

Üstten Görünüş

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1. Anterior Palatine Foramen 2. Palatine Process of Maxilla 3. Palatine (Damak)

4. Greater Palatine Foramen 5. Lesser Palatine Foramen

6. Pterygoid Processes of Sphenoid 7. Zygomatic Process (Uzantı)

8. Squamous Part of Temporal Bone 9. Mandibular Fossa

10. Styloid Process

11. Stylomastoid Foramen 12. Mastoid Process

13. Mastoid Foramen 14. Superior Nuchal Line

15. External Occipital Protruberance 16. Median Nuchal Line

17. Inferior Nuchal Line

18. Foramen Magnum (Büyük Açıklık) 19. Condyloid Canal

20. Occipital Condyle 21. Hypoglossal Canal 22. Jugular Foramen

23. Karotid Kanal (Beyin atardamarı için) 24. Foramen Spinosum

25. Foramen Ovale 26. Foramen Lacerum 27. Vomer

28. Transverse Palatine Suture 29. Median Palatine Suture

Kafatası (alttan)

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Fetal Skull

1. Future Coronal Suture 2. Anterior Fontanel

3. Anterolateral Fontanel 4. Future Squamosal Suture 5. Posterolateral Fontanel 6. Future Lamdoidal Suture 7. External Acoustic Meatus 8. Future Sagittal Suture 9. Posterior Fontanel

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1. Mandibular Condyle 2. Mandibular Notch 3. Coronoid Process 4. Ramus

5. Angle

6. Oblique Line 7. Body

8. Alveolar Process 9. Mental Foramen 10. Mylohyoid Line 11. Mandibular Foramen

Mandibula

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OMURGA (ÖNDEN GÖRÜNÜM)

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OMURGA (Profilden:Yandan)

Cervical (Boyun) omurlar

Thoracic (Göğüs) omurlar

Lumbar (Bel) omurlar

Sacral (Sağrı) omurlar

Coccyx (Kuyruk sokumu) omurlar

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OMURİLİK

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GÖĞÜS KAFESİ

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EKLEMLER

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EL KEMİKLERİ

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AYAK KEMİKLERİ

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AYAK (Plantar)

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1. Superior Articular Surface 2. Transverse Foramen 3. Transverse Process 4. Odontoid (Dens) Facet 5. Vertebral Foramen

6. Inferior Articular Surface

Atlas

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1. Spinous Process 2. Lamina

3. Transverse Process 4. Pedicle

5. Superior Articular Surface 6. Odontoid Process (Dens) 7. Body

8. Vertebral Foramen

9. Inferior Articular Surface

Axis

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1. Spinous Process 2. Lamina

3. Superior Articular Surface 4. Transverse Foramen

5. Transverse Process 6. Body

7. Pedicle

8. Vertebral Foramen

Cervical (C3 - C7)

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1. Spinous Process 2. Lamina

3. Superior Articular Surface 4. Transverse Process 5. Pedicle

6. Body

7. Vertebral Foramen 8. Articular Facet for Rib 9. Inferior Articular Surface

Thoracic

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1. Spinous Process 2. Lamina

3. Superior Articular Surface 4. Transverse Process 5. Pedicle

6. Body

7. Vertebral Foramen 8. Inferior Articular Surface

Lumbar

(32)

1. Promontory

2. Transverse Ridges 3. Coccyx

4. Body of Sacrum 5. Sacral Canal

6. Superior Articular Surface 7. Median Sacral Crest

8. Sacrum to Ilium Articular Surface

9. Dorsal Sacral Foramina 10. Sacral Hiatus

Sacrum

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Rib & Vertebra Articulated

Rib 1. Articular Facet of Rib

2. Interarticular Crest 3. Neck

4. Articular Portion of Tubercle

5. Nonarticular Portion of Tubercle 6. Angle of Rib

7. Costal Groove 8. Body of Rib

9. Articular Facet of Transverse Process

10. Transverse Process 11. Spinous Process 12. Lamina

13. Vertebral Foramen

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1. Jugular Notch 2. Manubrium 3. Sternal Angle 4. Body (Gladiolus) 5. Xiphoid Process Sternum

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Left Scapula (Posterior Aspect)

1. Coracoid Process 2. Scapular Notch 3. Superior Margin

4. Supraspinatus Fossa 5. Superior Angle

6. Scapular Spine 7. Vertebral Margin 8. Infraspinatus Fossa 9. Inferior Angle

10

. Axillary Margin

11. Glenoid Cavity Margin

12. Acromion Process

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Right Humerus - Proximal End (Anterior Aspect)

1. Head

2. Anatomical Neck 3. Lesser Tubercle 4. Intertubercular Groove 5. Greater Tubercle 6. Surgical Neck

7. Deltoid Tuberosity

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Right Humerus - Distal End (Anterior & Posterior Aspects)

1. Radial Fossa

2. Lateral Epicondyle 3. Capitulum

4. Trochlea

5. Medial Epicondyle 6. Coronoid Fossa 7. Olecranon Fossa

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1. Olecranon Process 2. Semilunar Notch 3. Coronoid Process 4. Tuberosity

5. Radial Notch 6. Ulna (Shaft) 7. Head of Ulna 8. Styloid Process Right Ulna - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect)

(39)

Right Radius - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect)

1. Head of Radius 2. Neck of Radius 3. Radial Tuberosity 4. Radius (Shaft) 5. Styloid Process 6. Ulnar Notch

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Bones of the Right Hand (Dorsal Surface)

1. Styloid Process of Radius 2. Navicular (Scaphoid) 3. Lunate

4. Triquetral 5. Pisiform 6. Trapezium 7. Trapezoid 8. Capitate 9. Hamate 10. Metacarpal

11

. Proximal Phalange 12. Middle Phalange

13. Distal Phalange

14

. Styloid Process of Ulna

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Left Os Coxa (Lateral Aspect) 1. Anterior Superior Spine 2. Iliac Crest

3. Posterior Superior Spine 4. Posterior Inferior Spine 5. Greater Sciatic Notch 6. Body of Ilium

7. Ischial Spine

8. Lesser Sciatic Notch 9. Body of Ischium 10. Ischial Tuberosity

11

. Obturator Foramen 12. Inferior Ramus of

Ischium

13. Inferior Ramus of Pubis

14

. Body of Pubis 15. Acetabulum

16

. Anterior Inferior Spine

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Left Femur - Proximal End (Anterior & Posterior Aspects)

1. Head 2. Neck

3. Greater Trochanter 4. Intertrochanteric Line 5. Lesser Trochanter 6. Shaft of Femur 7. Gluteal Tuberosity 8. Intertrochanteric Crest 9. Linea Aspera

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Left Femur - Distal End (Anterior & Posterior Aspects)

1. Medial Condyle 2. Lateral Condyle 3. Intercondylar Fossa

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Left Tibia - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect)

1. Intercondylar Eminence 2. Lateral Condyle

3. Tibial Tuberosity 4. Anterior Crest 5. Medial Condyle 6. Anterior Surface 7. Medial Malleolus

(45)

Left Fibula - Proximal & Distal End (Anterior Aspect)

1. Head of Fibula 2. Neck of Fibula 3. Anterior Crest 4. Lateral Malleolus

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Bones of the Left Foot (Lateral Aspect)

1. Calcaneus (Topuk) 2. Talus

3. Navicular 4. Cuboid

5. Cuneiform, First 6. Cuneiform, Second 7. Cuneiform, Third 8. Metatarsal

(47)

Knee - Anterior & Posterior Aspects 1. Tibial Collateral Ligament 2. Medial Condyle of Femur 3. Posterior Cruciate Ligament 4. Anterior Cruciate Ligament 5. Lateral Condyle of Femur 6. Fibular Collateral Ligament 7. Lateral Condyle of Tibia 8. Lateral Meniscus

9. Medial Meniscus 10

. Medial Condyle of Tibia 11. Tibia

12. Fibula

13

. Transverse Ligament

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Anterior kaslar

Brakioradialis Serratus

Soleus

Anterior tibialis Trapezius

Eksternal oblique

(54)

Posterior kaslar

Biceps

Aşil tendon

(55)

KAS ÇEŞİTLERİ

(56)

Skeletal muscle

Smooth muscle

Cardiac muscle

Skeletal muscle

Smooth muscle

Cardiac muscle

(57)

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