IMMANUEL KANT
the Age of Enlightenment.
In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, he argued that space, time, and causation are mere sensibilities; "things-in-themselves" exist, but their nature is unknowable. (Durant, Will;
Durant, Ariel (1967). The Story of Civilization: Rousseau and Revolution. MJF Books. pp. 571, 574)
Kant believed that reason is also the source of morality, and that aesthetics arise from a faculty of disinterested judgment. Kant's views continue to have a major influence on contemporary philosophy, especially the fields of epistemology, ethics, political theory, and post-modern
aesthetics. He attempted to explain the relationship between reason and human experience and to move beyond the failures of traditional philosophy and metaphysics. He wanted to put an end to what he saw as an era of futile and speculative theories of human experience, while resisting the skepticism of thinkers such as David Hume. He regarded himself as showing the way past the impasse between rationalists and empiricists, (Vanzo, Alberto (January 2013).
"Kant on Empiricism and Rationalism". History of Philosophy Quarterly. 30 (1): 53–74.) and is widely held to have synthesized both traditions in his thought. (Rohlf, Michael. "Immanuel Kant".
In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2018 ed.). Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. Retrieved 6 October 2015.)
The nature of Kant's religious ideas continues to be the subject of
philosophical dispute, with viewpoints ranging from the impression that he was an initial advocate of atheism who at some point developed
an ontological argument for God, to more critical treatments epitomized by Schopenhauer, who criticized the imperative form of Kantian ethics as "theological morals" and the "Mosaic Decalogue in disguise",
(Arthur Schopenhauer, ''On the basis of Morals'', in The Two Fundamental
Problems of Ethics trans. Chris Janaway 2009, sections 4-
5 ) and Nietzsche, who claimed that Kant had "theologian blood«
(