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Vol:5, Issue:18 2019 pp.767-769
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USE OF PHYTOTHERAPY IN TRADITIONAL AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE APPLICATIONS
FİTOTERAPİNİN GELENEKSEL VE TAMAMLAYICI TIP UYGULAMALARINDA KULLANIMI
Uzm.Bio. Özgür EROĞLU
İstanbul Kartal Lütfi Kırdar Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul/Türkiye ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0438-688X
Dr. Serdar YÜKSEL
Ministry of National Education KMTAL Kiraz, İzmir/Türkiye ORCID ID: 0000-0002-7885-5426
Article Arrival Date : 16.08.2019
Article Published Date : 30.09.2019 Article Type : Research Article
Doi Number : http://dx.doi.org/10.31589/JOSHAS.154
Reference : Eroğlu, Ö. & Yüksel, S. (2019). “Use of Phytotherapy in Traditional and
Complementary Medicine Applications”, Journal of Social, Humanities and Administrative Sciences, 5(18): 767-769
ABSTRACT
Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine practices are as old as human history. These applications are used in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Nowadays, traditional in Turkey, with complementary and alternative medicine practices, defining the corporate level, by the Ministry of Health on the date 27.10.2014 in the Official Gazette (29158) "Traditional and Complementary Medicine Regulation" was formalized with the published regulations. The treatment methods mentioned in this published regulation; Acupuncture, Apitherapy, Phytotherapy, Hypnosis, Leech therapy, Homeopathy, Chiropractic therapy, Cup therapy, Larval therapy, Mesotherapy, Prolotherapy, Osteopathy, Ozone therapy, Reflexology and Music therapy. In this study, original researches about the effects of phytotherapy have been given.
Key words: Ethnobotany, Biochemistry, Treatment with plants, Pharmacognosy, Izmir flora ÖZET
Geleneksel, tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıp uygulamaları insanlık tarihi kadar eskidir. Bu uygulamalar çeşitli hastalıkların önlenmesinde, tanısında ve tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Günümüzde, Türkiye'de geleneksel, tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıp ile uygulamaları, kurumsal seviyede tanımlanarak, Sağlık Bakanlığı tarafından 27.10.2014 tarihinde 29158 sayılı olarak Resmi Gazete'de “Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Yönetmeliği” olarak yayınlanan düzenlemeler ile resmileştirilmiştir. Yayınlanan bu yönetmelikte bahsedilen tedavi yöntemleri; Akupunktur, Apiterapi, Fitoterapi, Hipnoz, Sülük tedavisi, Homeopati, Kayropraktik tedavisi, Kupa tedavisi, Larva tedavisi, Mezoterapi, Proloterapi, Osteopati, Ozon terapisi, Refleksoloji ve Müzik terapisidir. Bu çalışmada ise fitoterapi üzerine orijinal araştırmalar verilmiştir.
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1.INTRODUCTION
Mediterranean Sea, land and ocean climate to be effective on Turkey, which covers an area of 0.8
million km2, is a country with transected rising to 5000 meters above sea level. Three important
phytogeographical region (the Mediterranean, land, ocean) with Turkey, which is due to take place in a region where centuries of intense live act has a rich plant diversity [1]. Turkey flora is written at Edinburgh University in Scotland, with a variety of plants on the designated nearly 10,000 the number of plants grown in all of Europe (approximately 12,000) are close by [2]. Aromatic plants constitute 1/3 of flora. 3000 until the plants are endemic, meaning only within the borders of Turkey are grown. It is estimated that up to 1000 the plant used in folk medicine in Turkey. The number of plants sold in herbal is around 300 and 70 to 100 plants are exported. The use of medicinal and aromatic plants as a treatment and nutritional supplement is as old as human history [3,4,5]. In terms of plant diversity, our country contains about 10.000 different plant species, which are close to 12.000 species owned by all European countries. About 600 of these are used for medical purposes. The southern districts of İzmir have a rich variety of plants due to the fact that they are partly located in the transition region and the Aydın Mountains and Bozdağ geographically divide these districts. Therefore, it is very important to identify the medicinal and aromatic plants growing in this region [6,7].
2. MATERIAL and METHOD
Our planned field work started in 2017 and was completed in autumn 2018. The collected plant
samples were identified using Davis' Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands. Our study area is
about 1900 km2 of Küçük Menderes delta, Aydın mountains, which are located in Kiraz (38º,
14'-28º12 '), Beydağ (38º, 05'-28º11') and Ödemiş (38º, 16'-27º, 59 ') districts. south-east and south-west of Bozdağ; and Cevizli, north-west of Alaşehir district.
In this area where Mediterranean climate is dominant, humid and rainy winter is followed by dry and hot summer. The average annual rainfall is 700 mm. Our field work in this area covers the years 2017-2018. Within the scope of the land survey, we identified 19 villages from Kiraz, 8 from Beydağ, and 16 villages from Ödemiş which conducted our field studies.
The dominant vegetation in the region where we conducted the field work was the maquis, red pine in the 1000-meter highland of the Aydın mountains, black pine trees in the lower 1000's, and chestnut, walnut, oak trees in the northern parts of the mountain, and olive groves in the driest places. In addition, in our study area sandalwood, big nuts, myrtle trees were available.
3. FINDINGS
As a result of the study, a total of 98 medicinal and aromatic plants belonging to 44 different plant families were identified. Detected plant families and biochemical active substance contents are as follows. Lamiaceae (cornoside, verbascosides, caffeoyl phenylethanoid glucosides (CPGs), caffeic acid esters, acuteosides, methyl and oxygenated flavones), Rosaceae (isoflavonoids, dihydroflavonols), Fabaceae (saponins, proanthodelin, cyclopropenoid fatty acids, Poaceae (flavonoids, SiO2, starch), Brassicaceae (phenylalanine, tyrosine [aromatic] and valine / isoleucine / leucine [aliphate amino acids], myricetin, other methylated flavonols, tannins), Asteraceae (secoiridoid, fructan sugars, isocestose oligosulin starch). The Lamiaceae family has an important place in the pharmaceutical botanical field with its glycosides, alkaloids and essential oils. Detection, protection and cultivation of medicinal plants, which are an important element of our biological richness, are very important.
4. DISCUSSION
In recent years, studies and interest in medicinal plants and the active substances derived from them have increased. The reason for this is that the chemical industry is not developed, developing countries to benefit from the easy and inexpensive treatment of plants, the side effects of synthetic substances used in the treatment of many, cheaper and easier to obtain herbal drugs can be shown to
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JOURNAL OF SOCIAL, HUMANITIES AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES 2019 5 (18): 767-769 769
have several effects of drugs [8,9]. In this study, in order to emphasize the importance of medicinal plants, the active substances of these plants, the production of active substances, the amount of determination, which families belong to the plants and the composition of which drugs are mentioned [10]. Turkey pharmacopoeia, flora and agents of the findings of pharmaceutical companies using scanning records were compiled in a systematic manner. content of the medicinal plant grown in Turkey generally digitoxin from glycoside, ouabain, rutin, morphine from alkaloids, atropine, scopolamine, colchicine, ergotamine, emetine, antibiotics of the penicillin, streptomycin, polymyxin, neomycin, chemical industry used in citric acid, tartaric acid, pectin, perfume and camphor, eucalyptol, menthol, eugenol, thymol and essential oils used in cosmetics include mint, thyme, lemon and anise oil. Gravimetric, titrimetric and calorimetric methods are used in alkaloids, tannins, and glycosides in medicinal plants [11,12]. Medicinal plants grown in our country are generally included in Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, Fabaceae, Rubiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Malvaceae and Asteraceae families. Investigation of medicinal and aromatic plants and evaluation of cultivation opportunities will contribute to national economy, medicine and agriculture.
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