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Başlık: Devrimci Ethos'un bir uğrağı olarak şehitlik: Devrimci Yol Dergisinde ölüm ilanları ve anmalarYazar(lar):ÖZDEMİR TAŞDAN, İnanCilt: 9 Sayı: 1.2 Sayfa: 129-172 DOI: 10.1501/Iltaras_0000000130 Yayın Tarihi: 2011 PDF

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Devrimci Ethos·XQ%LU8ùUDù×

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LOHWLÁLPDUDÁW¿UPDODU¿‡ ‹ 2011 ‡ 9(1-2) 129-172 ÷QDQg]GHPLU7DùGDQ g]HW

Bu oal×ùmada Claude Chabrol·n 6HUHPRQL (/D&pUpPRQLH) filmi cinsiyet, toplumsal s×n×f ve ùiddet baölam×nda analiz edilmektedir. Cinayetin sinematik temsilini ve lezbiyenlikle kad×nlar×n iùledikleri cinayetler aras×ndaki baölant×y× incelemek ioin psikanalitik bir perspektif kullan×lm×ùt×r. Ayr×ca, cinayetin toplumsal ve kltrel baölam×n× analiz etmek ioin Marksist eleùtiriden faydalan×lm×ùt×r. Bu yaz×da filmin cinayetin sebebi olarak lezbiyen arzuya ya da s×n×f oat×ùmas×na iùaret etmediöi ve “|ldrc lezbiyen”, baùtan o×kar×c× ve tehlikeli IHPPHIDWDOH kliùelerine direndiöi ortaya koyulmaya oal×ù×lacakt×r.

$QDKWDU6|]FNOHU lezbiyenlik, IHPPHIDWDOH, 6HUHPRQL, Marksist eleùtiri, psikanaliz

Martyrization as a Moment of Revolutionist Ethos: Death Announcements and Remembrances in Devrimci Yol Journal

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7his study analyses 7KH&HUHPRQ\ (/D&pUpPRQLH) directed by Claude Chabrol with a particular focus into the linkages between sex, social class and violence. 7he psychoanalytic perspective is used in order to examine the cinematic representation of the murder and the suggested links between lesbianism and women·s violent crime. 7he study also benefits from Marxist criticism in order to analyse the cultural and social context of the murder. It concludes that the film does not indicate lesbian desire or class struggle as a source of the murder in a conventional manner but it rather challenges the stereotypes of “the murderous lesbian” and the seductive and dangerous IHPPHIDWDOH.

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7oplam 1047

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(15)

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(16)

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(17)

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(18)

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(19)

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Sadece isim bilgisi 6 (%3)

Sadece biyografik bilgi 1 (%1)

7oplam 174 (100)

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38

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7oplam 122 3olis--andarma 3olislerin aot×ö× ateù 4

3olis kurùunu?polisler taraf×ndan vurulma

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2

Hapishanede jandarma kurùunu 1 3olisler taraf×ndan katledilme 1 7oplam 16

(21)

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174

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(25)

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(26)

Savaùo×l×k 6

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