Report of the imperial Ottoman commission

S E C R E T A R I E S O F T H E C O M M I S S I O N .

SPIRAKI EFFENDI, Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce.

M. TEVFIC BEY,

Secretary of the Direction of Commerce ; at present Secretary of Council of Commerce.

T h e Se co nd C o m m i s s i o n a t C o n s t a n t i n o p l e .

P R E S I D E N T . His Ex c e l l e n c y ISMAIL B E Y , Director of Commerce. M E M B E R S .

BASMADJI ZADE FERID BEY,

ABOUD ZADE TEVFIK BEY,

SPIRAKI EFFENDI,

SOUBHI BEY,

Secretary of the Direction of Commerce and Delegate of the Commissioner-General.

. . . A T T H E . . .

WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION,

CHICAGO.

His Ex c e l l e n c y IBRAHIM HAKKY BEY,

Imperial Commissioner-General. AHMED FAHRI BEY,

Imperial Commissioner.

Ca p t. AHMED SABIT BEY,

Attache to the Imperial Commission.

Ca p t. MEHMED TEVFIC BEY,

Attache to the Imperial Commission. Mr. HOHANNES T. PUSHMAN,

Secretary to the Imperial Commission. Mr. THOMPSON,

Honorary Commissioner. Mr. SWEENEY,

Honorary Commissioner. Mr. GARABED M. MOURAD,

Chief of Installations and Decorations. Mr. A. G. ASDIKIAN,

TO THE

W O R L D 'S C O LU M BIAN EXPOSITION.

The First Commission Appointed at Constantinople.

P R E S I D E N T .

His Ex c e l l e n c y HUSSEIN TEVFIK PACHA,

Minister of Commerce and Pulilic Works.

V I C E - P R E S I D E N T .

His Ex c e l l e n c y A. AZARIAN EFFENDI,

His Ex c e l l e n c y IBRAHIM HAKKY BEY,

Imperial Ottoman Commissioner-General.

His Ex c e l l e n c y YENIDUNIA DIMITRAKI EFFEND1

, Member of the Chamber of Commerce. .

Hrs Ex c e l l e n c y ISMAIL BEY,

Director of Commerce at the Imperial Ministry of Commerce and Public Works.

His Ex c e l l e n c y MEHMED NOURY BEY,

Director of Agriculture and Statistics at the Ministry of Commerce and Public Works ; at present General Secretary at the Imperial

Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

•1 • ■ 1 CAZANOVA e f f e n d i,

Member of the Chamber of Commerce.

AHMED FAHRİ BEY,

Imperial Ottoman Commissioner.

BkSMEDJI ZADE 'FERID BEY,

Member of Chamber of dommerce.

Mr. MILLES,

OK T H K

I

mperial

O

ttoman

commission

.

Beinga Bribe Accountofth e Productsand Manufacturesof t h e

Ottoman Empireasshown at th e World’s Columbian

Exposition, Chicago, U. S. A., 1893.

The Imperial Ottoman Commission to the World’s Colum­ bian Exposition respectfully submits to the public the following brief account of the products and manufactures of the Ottoman Empire as shown by the collective exhibit of the government in the Ottoman Pavilion at Jackson Park.

The Ottoman Empire embraces extensive territories in south­ eastern Europe, western Asia and northern Africa, grouped mainly round the eastern waters of the Mediterranean and along both sides of the Red Sea, the west coast of the Persian Gulf and the southern and western shores of the Black Sea.

The territories and provinces of this vast Empire have an endless variety of natural products, from hardy boxwood of Lazistan to the sub-tropical figs and grapes of the western coast-

lands; on the plateau thrives the fam ous breed of Angora goats,

whose soft silky fleece forms a staple export.

The soil of Turkey has been remarkable for fertility from the earliest times. At the present day the yield of corn in some parts of Roumelia rarely amounts to less than three hundred fold. There are some places also where the land is so fertile that two crops of grain are obtained in the same year. Barley is sown in September and cut in May. Indian corn is then planted, which is gathered in September following.

The Cereal, productions exhibited at the Ottoman pavilion, are—

Oats, Barley, Millet,

Sesame, Maize, Wheat,

Rice,

Tenall Chickweed.

Rye, Corn,

exhibitors are the provinces of—

Adana, Adrianople, Bagdad,

Beyrouth, Biga, Bitlis,

Bordor, Dardanelles, Diarbekir,

Drach, Eishteh, Hudavendighiar,

Konia, Kotchana, Lapiski,

Maamuret ul-Aziz, Salónica, Sinope,

Smyrna, Tchataldja, Trebizond,

The world-wide famed sweetmeats and Turk-

•Confectionery. ish delights are exhibited in large quantities

and varieties, together with syrups and honey. The exhibitors are—

Hadji Bekir and Kolassi, of Constantinople, and provinces of

Adrainople, Bordor, Dardanelles,

Diarbekir, Drach, Kossova,

Sinope, Tchataldja.

The provinces of Dardanelles, Kastamony, Konia,

Dairy Monastir and Stankeuy make a very attractive dis-

Products. play of dairy products, viz: yellow and white

Butter and Cheese.

Tobacco is grown in every part of Turkey where

Tobacco, elevation of temperature admits of its production.

In western Roumelia tobacco occupies about one- eighth of the ploughed land. The consumption of this article in Turkey is enormous, yet the annual exportation is continually on the increase, and on the land suited to its growth it is con­ sidered by the farmers as the most profitable of their products. Every variety of tobacco grown is exhibited at the pavilion, in leaf, cut and cigarette form.

Richly flavored genuine Yemen and Mecca coffee in

Coffee, their original sacks, woven from the leaves of the

The wools of the Ottoman Empire are held

Wool, Mohair in high estimation for their softness and and Goat’s Hair, fineness of quality. Large quantities are produced throughout all provinces. The province of Angora is especially famous for the silky fleece of its goats. This product is known by the term Mohair. The goats are clipped in April and May, the finest quality being obtained from the female animal.

The exhibitors of Wool, Goat’s Hair, Mohair and Reeces are the provinces of—

Adrinople, Aiden, Ak-Shehir,

Beyrouth, < Bagdad, Bordor,

Diarbekir, Kastamouni, Khudavendighiar,

Konia, Salonica, Sinope,

Sivas, Stankeuy, Tekeh,

Uskup, Drach,

and Mustapha Bey, of Dardanelles.

Cotton is extensively grown throughout Turkey,

Cotton, especially in Roumelia, Asia Minor, Syria and the

Archipelago. The provinces of Aiden, Bagdad, Diarbekir, Shakte, Sinope, exhibit large varieties.

The production of silk is one of the most important Silk. industries of the Ottoman Empire. Adrianople in Roumelia and Broussa in Asia Minor are largely en­ gaged in this business, while Mount Lebanon in Syria is invested

with sheds for the rearing of the silk worm, and factories for un­ winding the cocoons.

Large quantities are exhibited both in the cocoon and spun silk by the provinces of Adrianople and Broussa.

The exhibit of oils, soaps and wax is large and

Oil, Soap complete. Every variety is shown from all parts and W ax. of the empire in crude or manufactured form.

The exhibits are— Shirilgan Oil, Linseed Oil, Hive Oil, The exhibitors are—

Beeswax, Tallow, Sesame Oil.

Adil Bey, Kemal Bey, Raisim Bey, Samy Bey, of Orete;

Paleólogos of Aiden, and the provinces of—

Adana, Drach, Hudavendighar, Rhodes, Tchataldja. Adrianople, Dardanelles, Karassy, Sinope, Olive Oil, Castor Oil, Mehmed Bey, Seib Bey Bordor, Diarbekir, Monastir, Smyrna,

The wine and brandy display is one of the most

Wine remarkable features of the exhibit. All the Turk-

and Brandy ish wines and brandies are made from the pure

.Syria and throughout Asia Minor the whole country is dotted with grape vines and mulberry trees. Though the product is very large, very little is exported, most of it being used for home consumption.

The exhibitors of wines and brandy are—

Yerassimo of Samos, Yanny of Scio,

Thomas of Diarbekir, Solomon of Adrianople, Nicolaki of Samos, Kotrony of Karassy, Kolassy of Constantinople, Agassian of Adrianople, Agop Sukiassian of Constantinople,

Bogos Agopian of Dardanelles, Athenas of Samos, Dodopulo of Kirk-Kilisseh, Ferandj of Samos, Goruar and Haim of Adrianople, Iha of Karassy, and the Isles of Rhodes, Samos and Myteline;

Provinces of—

Bordor, Dardanelles, Diarbekir,

Drach, Erdek, Kossova,

Lebanon, Monastir, Salonica,

Stankeuy, Tchataldja.

One of. the largest and well known exports from

Dried Fruits the Ottoman Empire are Dried Fruits and Figs, and Figs. About half a million pounds of figs and fruits are exported annually to all parts of the world. The Aiden district is specially fitted for raising tigs, the soil being very deep, has the property of retaining moisture, so necessary for the crop. A fig tree must be from five to seven

years old to bear fruit useful for commercial purposes. The figs grow singly on the boughs, rarely in couples, never in clusters; about the middle of August the figs are ripe and begin to fall from the trees.

In this department is exhibited—

Seedless Raisins, Dried Figs, Currants,

Pears, Mulberries, Acorns,

Walnuts, Plums, Apricots,

Olives, etc. The exhibitors are—

Hafiz Osman of Adrianople, Yanny of Scio, The provinces of—

Adrianople, Aiden, Bordor,

Dardanelles, Diarbekir, Huda vendighiar,

Kastamouni, Konia, Kios,

Kossova, Lebanon, Mamuret-ul-Aziz,

Malatia, Monastic, Mossul,

Sinope, Stankeuy

and Isles of Rhodes and Samos.

Samples of cereal and culinary vegetables are

Seeds. shown in great variety, such as beans, peas, lentils, chickpeas, rhubarb, etc.

Also all kinds of vegetable and flower seeds are exhibited. Most all the provinces throughout the Empire sending specimens of same.

One of the most profitable and extensive industries

Opium, throughout Ottoman Empire is the cultivation of

Poppy and preparing of Opium. The Imperial government encourages in every way the development of this industry by remitting the tithes on Opium and Poppy seeds for one year on lands sown for the first time, and by distributing- printed instructions for the cultivation of the same.

The cultivation is carried on both on elevated and lower lands, chiefly by peasant proprietors, a naturally light and rich soil, further improved by manure is necessary, and moisture is indis- pensible, although injurious in excess.- The land is ploughed twice, the second time crosswise so that it may be thoroughly pulverized; the seed mixed with four times its quantity of sand, to prevent its being sown too thickly; is scattered broadcast. The crop is very uncertain, owing to droughts, spring frost and locusts, and in order to avoid a total failure there are three sowings at intervals from October to March. After sowing, the land is har­ rowed and the young plants are hoed and weeded, chiefly by women and children, from early spring until the time of flower­ ing. In the plains the flowers expand at the end of May; on the uplands in July. After the flowers are expanded the petals fall in a few hours, and the capsules grow so rapidly that in from nine to fifteen days the opium is fit for collection. When the capsules begin to yield to the pressure of the fingers the incisions are made by drawing a knife two-thirds round it, the operation being usually performed after the heat of the day and the exceded juice is collected the next morning. This is done by scraping the capsule with a knife and transfering the juice to a poppy leaf.

When as much opium has been collected as the size of the leaf will allow, another leaf is wrapped over the top of the lump and then placed in the shade to dry for several days. The Opium raised in Turkey is principally used in medicine on account of its purity.

Large quantities, in every grade, are exhibited by the provinces of—

Ak-Shehir, Aiden, Bordor,

Karassi, Konia, Kossova,

Mamuret-ul-Aziz, Sivaz.

A large and complete collection of minerals and

M inerals, ores, systematically arranged, is one of the chief

features of the Ottoman exhibit. The provinces of—

Adana, Adrianople, Brussa,

Kastamouni, Konia, Kossova,

Salonica and Sivas

send a magnificent assortment of Iron, Silver, Lead, Nickel, Zinc and Manganese Ores.

The provinces of Aiden, Adrianople, Kastamouni, Monastir and Syria supply the combustible minerals, such as Lignite, Coal and Bitumen.

In Quarry Products Bedros Gumushian of Constantinople, Dr. Macris of Marmere and Imperial Mining Department of Brussa furnish red and blue marble slabs and samples of granite.

The Imperial Mining Department of Aiden makes a fine dis­ play of emery in the rock and pulverized in assorted sizes and grades, also Aphrodisias Emery Mine Co.

In Clays and Asbestos, province of Brussa shows white talc and amianthus.

In Limestone, province of Brussa shows borate of lime. In Sulphates and Pigments, Archipelago, Brussa, Kossova, Monastir and Salonica show crude and refined sulphur and chrome ore.

The Department of Public Debt in Constantinople sends fine specimens of Rocksalts in the most transparent crystals.

In Copper, Adrianople, Diarbekir and Sivas, show Copper Ore and black Copper.

In Zinc, the province of Brussa shows Zinc Ore. Archepilago, Adrianople, Aiden,

Brussa, Kastamouni, Salonica,

Sivas,

show a large collection of Antimony and Arsenic Ores.

The Imperial Ottoman Arsenal of Constanti-

Naval Exhibit, nople, a government institution for the manufacturing of armored vessels for naval warfare and coast defence, has on exhibit, Model of Man of War, representing armored plate cruiser “Heybetnouma,” built four yeais ago, at Constantinople, also Steel and Brass Torpedo, Models for Topeao Tubes and Directors for Torpedos, Screw Log for Ships and Model of Screw Blade, Boat with two pair of oars, Caique with one pair of oars. Ropes, Cordage and Twine used for vessels.

Showing by the above exhibits the vast progress made in manufacturing instruments of warfare in the government Arsenal at Constantinople under the August reign of His Imperial Majesty the Sultan.

Nothing can exceed the skill with which

Wood C arving Woodcarvers and Mother of Pearl Inlayers of and Inlaying. Asia Minor design and execute the richest paneling and other decorations for wall-lin­ ing, ceiling and all kinds of fittings and furniture.

The favorite style of ornament is to cover the surface with very intricate interlacing patterns, formed by delicately moulded ribs, the various geometrical spaces between the ribs are then tilled in with small pieces of wood and mother of pearls, with carved foliage in slight relief.

The use of different colored woods, with pearl or ivory inlaid so as to emphasize the design, combined with the ingenious rich­ ness of patterns, gives this class of work an almost unrivalled splendor of effect.

Rare pieces of Wood Carving and Inlaid Work, such as writ­ ing desks, inlaid tables, brackets, screens, book cases and mirror frames, elaborately carved and richly inlaid, are exhibited by—

Imperial Ottoman Arsenal of Constantinople, Georgey of Syria and the Provinces of Beyrouth,

Archipelago, Kara-Hissar,

Kastamouni, Kossova,

Sivas, Sinope,

The exhibits of the Imperial Ottoman Arsenal and Melek Pepeyan of Constantinople, inlaid elaborately with every size and shape of pearl and ivory, executed ..to perfection with intri­ cate designs, and finished exquisitely with rare skill, stands abso­ lutely unrivaled and deserve special mention.

A choice collection of Jewelry, such as is used in•

■Jewelry, various cities and provinces of the Ottoman Em­

pire, is one of the interesting exhibits at the Pavilion. Hammered works, incised and chased works, filigree in gold and silver, brooches, earrings, buckles, bracelets, pendants, enameled or set-in brilliants or gems, shows the handicraft power so skillfully applied in fitting, setting and finishing in artistic manner and original design.

'The exhibitors are the provinces of—

Syr>a, Diarbekir, Kara-Hissar,

Sinope, Trebizond, Assyria,

Tchiboukjian & Co., of Constantinople.

Textile Fabrics of Cotton, Wool and Silk,

Textile Fabrics, in numerous varieties, adorn the Ottoman

Pavilion, the gorgeous products of looms of piimitive construction and patient and tedious handiwork are displayed profusely from every province of Turkey.

keofias, head covers worked in gold, striped silks of every kind, damasks, brocades and dress goods.

The provinces of—

send a fine collection.

The Harake factory of Constantinople sends a very large and rich collection of Silk Fabrics, such as dress and upholstery goods, in plain, figured and striped designs.

This factory is a State institution, founded by the father of the present Sultan, (Sultan Abdul Medjid.)

The workmen in this institution are not only paid well, but their homes and educational advantages to their children are furnished free. The advancement in every branch has been wonderful under the supervision and care of His Imperial Maj­ esty, Sultan Abdul Hamid Khan.

In fabrics of Jute, the provinces of Beyrouth, Egin and Si vas make a good display.

Yarns, Woven Goods of Cotton and Linen, the provinces of—

Amasia, Bagdad, Diarbekir,

Konia, Kossova, Mamuret-ul-Aziz,

Malatia, Sinope, Syria,

Trebizond,

and the State factory of Constantinople, under the supervision and care of the Minister of War, send rare specimens.

Bagdad, Monastir, Angora, Syria, Adrianople, Salónica, Diarbekir, Trebizond, Mamuret-ul-Aziz, Amasia, Sivas,

Clothing-and Costumes of the different tribes and nationalities, all the provinces of the-Empire send their characteristic styles of wearing apparels and the government factory of Fezhaneh, under the supervision and care of the Minister of War, Constantinople, makes a fine display of bright and dark colored red Fezes, worn by all the inhabitants of Turkey. •

The Embroidery exhibit is especially fine, all

Embroidery, the gorgeous productions of needlework in gold and silver, rich embroidered coverlets, cushion and table covers in Suzeni and Anovato style on silk, satin oi­ lmen, are shown in a very attractive manner.

All the provinces have sent rare specimens of Modern and Antique Art Embroidery. An exquisite piece of rich and elabor­ ate embroidery is exhibited by Youvanaki Effendi of Constanti­ nople; also a magnificent collection of Modern Embroidery by Sadullah, Souhami & Co., of Constantinople, and the provinces of—

Beyrouth, Adrianople, Bagdad,

Diarbekir, Salonica, Monastir,

Tchataldja, Aiden, Konia.

The individual exhibitors are—

Abdul Rezak of Bagdad, Anastasia of Adrianople, Greek School of Girls, of Tatavla,

Hakin Effendi, of Alleppo,

Madam Mina & Yorgy of Adrianople and G. M. Mouradkhanian or Harpoot.

Skins and Tanned Leathers of all kinds are

Skins one of the chief features of the Ottoman

and Leather, exhibit, especially the original Turkey Red

Leather, clear in color, elastic, soft, yet firm and fine in grain and texture.

The Turkish carpet industry is the most important

Carpets, one in the Ottoman Empire, consequently larger space has been assigned to this class of goods, not only in the Pavilion, but also in the Manufacturers’ Depart­ ment of the Exposition.

His Imperial Majesty, Sultan Abdul Hamid Khan 11., has given special patronage and great encouragement to the advancement and enlargement of this industry, and has aided in every way to its wonderful progress. To-day the intelligent manufacturers of Turkey not only pay great attention to the designing, workman­ ship and texture, but special care is taken in blending all the colors in soft and pleasing shades.

The production of Turkish carpets has increased nearly double during the last fifteen years, and since the re-introduction of Mohair in the manufactures, the increase of the demand has been larger than the supply.

The warehouses of the Turkish carpets are situated in Con­ stantinople and Smyrna, and from these ports shipments are made to all parts of the world.

The trade in Constantinople mostly consists of rugs and carpets made in Persia, Afghanistan and Caucassia, imported

there and to be sold on the open market for export. The business amounts to yearly, from 250,000 to 300,000 Turkish liras; about $1,250,000 to #1,500,000.

In Smyrna the carpets that are mostly handled are made in various towns and villages in the interior, the principal of which are as follows:

OUSHAK is the most important town for the manufacture of carpets'; it has between 600 and 800 looms, at which work 3,000 to 4,000 weavers, the yearly output being from 300,000 to 400,000 square pikes, valued from 100,000 to 160,000 Turkish liras, or from $450,000 to $600,000.

GeordeS or YORDES is also an important manufacturing

town, ranking next to Oushak in its production. It has from 300 to 400 looms, and employs from 1,500 to 2,000 weavers; the yearly output being from 120,000 to 150,000 square pikes, valued at from 40,000 to 45,000 Turkish liras, or $180,000 to #200,000.

Koula makes the coarsest and the finest rugs in wool and also in mohair. Very few carpets are made here, most of the looms being for prayer and hearth rugs. It has about 800 looms, employing 1,500 weavers; producing yearly about 35,000 Turkish liras, or #150,000.

Demirdji has made carpets only for the past five or six years,

and for so short a time has made a great progress. It makes the fine carpets known as Nazik and Zarif. It has about 250 looms; employing 1,000 weavers; producing 80,000 to 90,000 square pikes, valued about 30,000 Turkish liras, or #160,000.

T

he

EXHIBITS...

OP THE--- ■ '

OTTOMAN-EMPIRE...

World’s Columbian Exposition

• • • 1893 • • •

<H

Axar commenced to make carpets about three years ago; the number of looms working at present is about 30; employ­ ing about 100 weavers; producing about 5,000 square pikes, valued about 2,200 Turkish liras, or $t 0,000.

Besides the Provinces of Aiden and Khudavendighar there are scattered over the Asia Minor many other small towns and villages which are engaged in the manufacture of Rugs, Kelims and Curtains.

Chief amongst them being—

Melis, Birgamos, Makri,

Laodicia, Kirchehir.

These towns produce only rugs, the antiques of which are much appreciated on account of their colorings and silky ap­ pearance.

Takmak makes the best Kiz-kelims, and Cessirea the best

portieres, called Djedjims or Bagdads. The other rugs made in different parts of the country are classed as yourouks, meaning npmadic.

The exhibitors in this department are the Provinces of—

\ Adana, Aiden, Amasia,

Bitlis, Diarbekir, Konia,

. Mamuret-ul-Aziz, Sivaz.

^ rne individual exhibitors have made a creditable display, chief ^rnong them being—

Hatlif and Polako, and P. De Andria Sc Co., of Smyrna.

N\. Mouradkhanian, of Harpoot, and Sadull,1j1) Souhami & Co., of Constantinople.

Imperial Post and Telegraph Department of

Telegraphy. Constantinople sends a complete assortment of

telegraphic instruments manufactured at the government factories of Constantinople and adapted to the Turkish alphabet.

For Transmission and Regulation of Electrical

Electricity. Currents, are exhibited—

Double, Single and Continuous Current Transmitters, Ottoman Pattern Switch Board and Galvanometer, Swiss Switch Board, Continuous Current Receiver,

Tools for binding watch springs and boring square holes. For Lighting by Electricity—

A model of Electric Arc Lamp. .

For Electric Telegraphing and Signals—

Morse Printing Instruments, Model of Morse Receiver. Bregnet Telegraph Receiver with Relay,

Electric Call Bells and Relay Call Bells.

A few choice Water Colors and Pencil Drawings

Paintings, are also exhibited by the following:— Akiarona, Lieut. Hakki Bey, Yanco rhcofilidi, Baroness Hobe Pasha, all of Constantinople.

Galvanometers, Stretching Apparatus, T ranslator, Twisting Handle, Plug Switch, Stackle. , are exhibited— For Application of Electric Motors,

Electric Rudder for Boats,

The Printing Office of the Imperial Arsenal

Printing. sends a full line of nicely bound volumes on Seamanship and Navigation; such as Guide to the Sea, Torpedo Service, Guide to Gunnery, Fish Torpedo, Naval Tactics, Solar System, Trigonometry, Naval Astronomy, War Regulators, Seamen and Ships and Integral Calculus.

A Set OF “ Serveti Fonoun.” Handsomely illustrated papers published in Constantinople by Ahmed Ihsan Bey.

Private exhibitors were—

H. E. Ibrahim Hakky Bey, Turkish History and Treatises on various subjects; Ali Tevfic Bey, History; Ahmed Shukri Bey, Arithmetic; Hassan Benzi Bey, Natural History; Ahmed Fahri

Bey and

Saleh Zeki

Bey, Physics; Ahmed Djevdit Pasha, Logic;

Nejib Assim Bey, Turkish Grammar; A. Zalouhos, Astronomy, etc.

Col. Riza Bey, Lieut. Zikahi, Abdullah Bros.,

Photography. Gulmez Bros., the Province of Diarbekir and the Imperial Ottoman Arsenal, of Constanti­ nople, furnish a large variety of photographic views in richly embossed albums, mounted and arranged systematically.

CLASSIFICATION.

Some of the exhibits installed at the Pavilion arrived too late to be classified, among- which are:—

Tobacco and Cigarette Exhibit—

By J. Waked & Co., of Syria.

Wines and Liquors—

By J. and S. Boulad & Zilka, of Syria.

Vaccinating Instruments—

By Dr. J. B. Violi, of Constantinople.

Silver Gilt Model of the Fountain of the Sultan

Ahmed—

A very rare piece of handiwork; an exact model of the foun­ tain near Baby-Humayoun, at Constantinople, built 200 years ago by Sultan Ahmed.

Agricultural Map of the Ottoman Empire— By the Ministry of Commerce and Public Works.

Hand-Painted China—

By H. E. Constantin Effendi Karatidori.

Creosote Pills—

By Dr. G. Vartanian, of Constantinople.

Embroidered M u s ic

-Music Book, pages being made of tine pineapple gauze, notes, staff and title being embroidered with fine black silk, the covers being of white satin embroidered in delicate colors of silk.

Exhibited by Hezarifend Sisters, of Constantinople.

Choice Collection of Various Kinds of Figs, Etc.—

Comprising Sultana, Yerly and Karabournou Raisins, Figs and Candies,

By C. I. Protopazzi Bros., of Smyrna.

Oil Painting—

A superb painting in oil, representing the entrance of a Mosque, the scene very real and striking, figures remarkable for their life-like appearance.

Painted and exhibited by H. E. Hamdy Bey, Director of the Museum at Constantinople.

A Set of Finely Bound Books

Showing the art of book-binding' in an exqusite manner at Constantinople;

By Garabed Effendi.

Confectionery—

Various kinds of Turkish Delights, Locums, etc., By Hadji Abid Bey & Co., of Constantinople.

A Good Collection of antiquities,

Such as rare old Tiles, Jewelry, Embroideries, Rugs, Arms, etc., By Dikran Kelekian, of Constantinople.

One of the most attractive features of the Imperial Ottoman Exhibit is the Office of the Commission, located back of the Ottoman Pavilion at Jackson Park.

The building is square in shape, with a large dome in the center, and finely carved doors of Mousharaby work form the entrance.

The interior is artistically arranged in true Oriental style. The walls are covered with beautiful brocaded Harake Silk in dch, soft colors, here and there being set richly carved panels to break the monotony. The windows and doors are draped with rare embroidered Silks and Damascus Curtains, woven in gold and silver.

All around the room are richly covered divans, in the rear a canopy draped in pale blue, while scattered throughout are inlaid Mother of Pearl tables and brackets; in one corner stands an elaborately carved writing desk and in the other a richly inlaid book case.

The characteristic harmony of the decoration and the arrange­ a n t of the varying artistic features was the work of Mr. G. M- Mourad, the decorator of the Commission.

OF THE

LEADING

A

g r i c u l t u r a l

P

r o d u c t s

OF THE

. . O F T H E . .

leading

agricultural

products

. . O F T H E . .

E M P I R E .

Through the gracious patronage of

HIS IMPERIAL MAJESTY,

SULTAN ABDUL HAMID KHAN, KHAZI II,

the agricultural developments of the country for the last fifteen years have been marvelous.

A country rich in undeveloped resources, possessing every variety of climate, from the extremes of tropical heat to the Perpetual snow line, and every quality of soil, to-day, for the first time in the history of the Ottoman Empire, presents to the Public a Catalogue and Statistics of her products, remarkable "ot only for its bulk, but also for its ample variety of detail.

All this progress and advancement is due to the generosity

and

liberal endowments made by

His

Imperial Majesty to further the interest of the farming industry.

Under his illustrious reign and just administration, fostering care has been taken of, and protection given to every enterprise

put forward by individuals or corporations for the welfare of the country and the progress of the people. To help the farm ­ ers financially and save them from the clutches of merciless usurers, has always been the care and solicitude of His Imperial

Majesty; with this end in view, there was established a State

Bank in Constantinople with branches in all the farming pro­ vinces, advancing to the farmer as much money as necessary to raise the crops, charging only a nominal interest for the use of the money. This has been the great blessing to the whole farming community.

GENERAL INFORMATION.

The statistics appended are the returns of sixteen Provinces •out of thirty six, the balance not being heard from.

In these sixteen Provinces the area of land cultivated for agricultural purposes is 34,707,041 donums.

For Orchards and Vineyards—4,035,088 donums.

The weights and measures used in this report are the fol­ lowing—

Donum, equal to one quarter of an acre. Kila, equal to three bushels.

Okka, equal to three pounds.

The prices of the products vary greatly, according to a scanty or diminished rainfall, though most of the time the growth of

In the interior of Turkey the implements of tillage are yet primitive in the extreme. A rude wooden plough-share, drawn by an ox or oxen, has but to scratch the surface of the soil, on which the seed lighly thrown, produces an abundant and unso­ licited harvest. Great efforts are being made by His Imperial

Majesty for introducing the modern improved implements, and

it is hoped that in a short time the rude wooden plough will be a thing of the past.

The average prices for products are as follows:

Wheat—20 piasters, each killa, equal to 88 cents for three bushels.

Rye—12 piasters, each killa, equal to 53 cents for three bushels

Corn—14 piasters, each killa, equal to 62 cents for three bushels.

Millet—10 piasters, each killa, equal to 44 cents for three bushels.

O ats—8 piasters, each killa, equal to 35 cents for three bushels.

WHEAT. THE PROVINCES AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT IN KILA. DONUM. Adrianople. 1,276,290 5,762,279 Scodra. 26,828 192,792 Izmid. 151,000 943,309 Angora. 1,972,400 11,870,000 Biga. 180,967 940,120 Lebanon. 81,965 430,057 Tchataldja. 106,591 419,205 Diarbekir. 2,200,058 4,388,031 Soor. 71,086 267,179 Salonica. 723,566 4,301,509 Syria. 2,278,130 1,652,718 Jerusalem. 743,208 2,462,116 Kastamouni. 1,214,330 4,648,533 Kossova. 722,595 4,259,319 Konia. 1,848,841 14,897,413 Monastir. 878,260 3,527,457 j A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er ! D on um . J __ k a b l o o j a. KIND OF GRAIN. A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er ! D o n u m . \ area of land CULTIVATED. nONUM. PRODUCT IN kila. • 4 4 _{4 6 , 9 1 8} 6 1 0 , 2 7 2 13 7 8 , 1 5 0 3 0 , 8 7 6 3 1 6 1 _{1 9 ,2 5 6} 111), 5 5 4 3 1 6 6 1 _{1 ,5 0 0} 5 , 0 0 0 ¡3 5 4 3 1 _{2 , 2 8 0} 1 1 , 5 0 0 5 H 3 1 5 1 ... 3 1 ' _... 3 4 _{5 9 0 ,3 3 5} “ > 6 4 3 ,6 1 0 4 4 5 1 _{3 5 , 9 6 6} 1 9 5 ,7 9 0 2 1 8 4 2 0 0 7 5 0 3 1 4 _{1 4 ,3 1 9} 5 6 ,7 7 3 3 1

BARLEY. A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er D on um . OATS. - - ----1 A ve ra g e P ro d u ct io n p er D on um . THE PROVINCES area of land “LTIVATED. PRODUCT IN KILA. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT IN KILA, °O N U M . DONUM. 452,958 4,255,736 9± 295,579 1,597,095 5 Adrianople. 16,555 172,319 10* 22,673 91.437 4 Scodra. 32,174 248,487 7 i 27,861 266,307 9 İ Izmid. '16,675 4,705,625 3 İ 61,070 452,200 74 Angora. 112,764 499,841 _4* 30,248 169,200 54 Biga. 25,035 118,778 4* ' 12 7 4 Lebanon. 26,449 160,619 6 87,869 370,004 3 Tchataldja. 922 688 2 138 385 2+ Diarbekir. 34 287 103 623 3 Soor. 691,661 4,138,497 5* 139,745 803,805 5f Salónica. 894,203 8,818,088 9} 31,250 993,900 31} Syria. 244 504 616 862 24 Jerusalem. 967,489 2,456,559 24 54,078 340,534 64 Kastamouni. 602,718 5,662,167 94 193,258 1,068,107 54 Kossova. 653,672 4,907,522 9 30,217 317,464 104 Konia. 322,341 1,337,410 4 91,566 295.912 3 Monastir.

THE PROVINCES RYE. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. Adrianople. Scodra. Izmid. Angora. Biga. Lebanon. Tchataldja. Diarbekir. Soor. Salonica. Syria. Jerusalem. Kastamouni. Kossova. Konia. Monastir. 423,527 2,170 2,531 121,100 13,732 4.925 449,845 200 29,865 312,648 303.306 560.725 h 4) a c .2 CORN. *V p* C c u •3 E "o i g c AREA OF •o * PRODUCT c O LAND PRODUCT fr2 po K1LA. toe CULTIVATED. IN VSf > KILA. _O D O N U M . < 2,037,572 _{35 561,763 2,524,145} i5 6.600 3 _{187,738 866,298} u 23,670 _{H f 65,528 554,604} 8 i 747,600 6 _{35,395 195.590} 5i 31,670 _{2f 10,046 49,900} 15 2,591 21,538 8i 14,270 _{25 6,740 28,759} 4i 4,060 6,435 il 15 1,200 80 2,176,072 _{15 510,241 3,851,581} 75 6,500 105 _{24,582 435,242} 175 356,802 _{125 530,342} 7,918,355 l4l 1.670,662 _{65 692,629} 3,684,204 51 1,426,281 _{45 86,879} 428,128 6i 1.768,343 3 _{830,839 3,108,179} 35

MILLET. A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er D o n u m . CANARY SEED. | A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er D on u m . 1 _ i THE PROVINCES AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT-IN KJLA. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCTIN KILA. D O N U M . DONUM. 27.281 165,033 6 53.462 306,990 54 Adrianople. 1,060 3,790 34 500 1.500 ' 3 Scodra. 3,495 58,488 164 2 30 15 Izmid. 67,305 444,900 64 Angora. 6,833 20,400 3 116 770 6 Biga. 6,135 20,569 64 Lebanon. 113 348 3 3,669 7,879 o Tchataldja. «10,570 3,516.460 44 Diarbekir. 82,518 233,986 34 Soor. 48,536 296,636 6 Salonica. 92,265 1,517,042 164 25 300 12 Syria. 363,127 677,594 14 Jerusalem. 73,721 515,765 7 Kastamouni. 5,779 • 30,146 5 Kossova. 38,752 457,024 114 50 307 6 Konia. 9,204 22,549 24 . . . Monastir.

THE PROVINCES c o w p e a s. area o f land cultiv ated, d o n u m. PRODUCT IN KILA. Adrianople. 3 3 ,4 3 4 1 8 3 , 3 8 4 Scodra. Izmid. _{4 . 5 5 8} 3 1 , 6 6 7 Angora. _{4 1 , 0 5 0} 2 1 6 , 6 0 0 Biga. _{3 6 ,0 9 3} 7 9 , 2 0 6 Lebanon. _{8 9 7} 5 , 2 5 5 Tchataldja. _{5 , 2 9 7} 1 7 , 1 3 3 Diarbekir. _{5 , 0 0 0} 3 . 0 0 0 Soor. Salonica. _{2 8 ,4 3 3} 3 3 6 , 2 5 4 Syria. _{5 0 , 8 0 0} 2 0 4 , 1 0 0 Jerusalem. _{5 4 , 7 6 5} 9 9 , 3 9 5 Kastamouni. _{3 6 , 5 3 2} 1 4 8 ,1 2 5 Kossova. _{6 , 8 2 4} 3 2 , 1 2 2 Konia. _{6 7 , 4 9 1} 5 6 1 . 5 6 7 Monastir. _{4 2 , 3 0 0} 1 3 2 , 1 2 9 A v er ag e P ro d u ct io n p er i D o n u m . 1 t a r e s. wV 0. C o 0 A ■S § 1 ° a- p V u> 8 c < AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED DONUM . PRODUCT IN KILA. 5 4 _{1 1 . 9 6 5} 7 1 , 3 4 0 6 7 * 3 5 2 3 0 6 4 H _{3 0 , 6 5 0 2 8 3 , 4 0 0 7} 2 5 4 7 2 2 1 6 3 3 _{1 , 8 5 2} 7 , 9 8 0 44 4 _{1 , 0 0 0} 1 , 0 0 0 1 H i 2 0 0 3 , 0 0 0 1 5 4 _{8 0 0} 6 0 0 4 1 4 4 4 5 8 , 2 0 1 1 1 7 , 9 8 0 2 4 4 4 _{1 , 5 0 0 1 5 , 0 0 0 1 0} 8 4 _{2 8 ,6 9 1} 3 7 4 , 1 2 0 13 3

BEANS. A v er ag e P ro du ct io n p er D on um . A ve ra g e P ro du ct io n pe r D on um . THE PROVINCES area of land cUl t iv a t e d. PRODUCT IN OKKA. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT IN OKKA. »O N U M . D O NU M . 5,631 304,740 5 i Adrianople. 322 10 060 31 815 57,535 704 Izmid Angora. 6,813 556,493 81+ Biga. 1,033 51,024 49İ 317 1,191 324 Lebanon. 3,180 318,333 100 Tchataldja. 100 1,200 12 niarhf*lcir Soor. 1.323 86 507 65£ Sialnnira 22,537 14,507,480 6434 2,500 12,800 5 Syria. [ 87,420 1,287,800 15f 3,985 154,680 38* Jerusalem. 2,718 137,891 50| 300 2,800 94 Kastamouni. 178 17 850 100 Knssnva 5,935 576,130 97 30 1,500 50 Konia. 119 40,495 340 Monastir.

THE PROVINCE' l e n t il e s. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. D O NU M . PRODUCT IN OKKA. Adrianople. 8,568 _320,181 Scodra. ₃₄₀ 3,600 Izmid. _{657 37,421} Angora. _{38,585 3.585,914} Biga. _{509 4,650} Lebanon. _{1,642 60.835} Tchataldja. _{250 7,630} - Diarbekir. _{33,244 529,666} Soor. ₁₁₀ 7,707 Salonica. _5,921 409,825 Syria. _49.040 7,228,850 Jerusalem. _31,797 130,562 Kastamouni. _4.206 139,070 Kossova. ₈₄₉ 15,706 Konia. _11.970 595,775 Monastir. _7,891 38,368 V a c o STRING BEANS. ca e c er ag e P ro d u c D o n u m . AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT_IN OKKA. u A 3 C 1 1 V t* rt < DO NU M . < 37i _{80.954 1,005,036} 124 10* _{4,525 88,100} 194 564 6,400 123,478 194 454 _{4.770 529,229 1104} 9 _{1.128 9.940} 84 37 _{120 24,000 200} 304 ₃₇₀ 9,300 25 1 5 | 70 _{1,500 112,500} 75 694 _{41,567 1,997,011} 484 1474 44 78 1.360 174 324 _{18,837 405,587} 214 18* _26,880 1,595,062 594 494 28,706 1,056,288 364 44 85,965 1,615,062 184

ASPARAGUS. A ve ra ge P ro du ct io n pe r D on um . PEAS. A ve ra ge P ro du ct io n pe r D on um . THE PROVINCES AREA of Land cultivated. PRODUCT IN OKKA. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED PRODUCT IN OKKA. 15 ONUM. D O NU M . ... 100 1,100 10 Adrianople. Scodra. Izmid. . . . . 800 90,000 1124 Angora. Biga. . . 115 3,150 274 Lebanon. ! 1 • • . . 20 600 30 Tchataldja. 100 62 4 Diarbekir. 73 8.142 113 Soor. -,133 175,180 82i 510 25.250 494 Salonica. ... Syria. Jerusalem. 165 6,356 38 Kastamouni. 7 600 85f Kossova. 130 16,500 127 Konia. 5 2,200 440 Monastir.

THE PROVINCES CHICK-PEAS. | A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er D on um . BIRD SEED. A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er l D o n u m . \ AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCTIN OKKA. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCTIN KILA. D U N U M . DONUM. Adrianople. 14,518 568,395 39 _{5,283 46,055 8Î} Scodra. 30 1,500 50 Izmid. 334 23,320 69Ï Angora. 54,550 3,088,738 561 Biga. 28,834 895,660 CO >—* Lebanon. 2,167 191,146 _8* Tchataldja. 205 12,700 6 1 | Diarbekir. 27,514 1,470,448 391 _{816 420} Soor. j Salonica. 3,839 295.554 77 Syria. 58,753 6.898,804 1171 _3,338 19,825 6İ, Jerusalem. 6,921 24,900 4 _{. *} Kastamouni. 3,330 46,228 13* _{9 1,215 135 .} Kossova. 4,900 68,500 14 _11,128 88,799 71 Konia. 17,749 764,626 43 _3,960 32,987 81 Monastir. 7,873 101,640 12* ₈₄₅ 3,175 31 j

FLAX. A ve ra ge p ro du ct io n pe r D on um . SESAME. ; ■ A ve ra ge p ro du ct io n p er D on um . THE PROVINCES a r e a o p l a n d 'Jl t i v a t e i Pr o d u c t. A R E A O P L A N D C U L T IV A T E D . PRO D U CT IN K IL A . Total out­ put. Seeds. d o n u m. D O NU M . K IL A . K IL A . 10,783 50,720 i f 44,300 149.726 34 Adrianople. 1,395 11,259 200 8 Scodra. -5,558 43,656 21 543 1.490 _{21 Izmid.} 2,000 14,000 7 3,900 12,498 _Angora. 7,186 11.896 _{i f} Ripa 80 175 2 _Lebanon. 6,523 13,332 2 Tchataldja. ... 432,797 49,448 _Diarbekir. 620 1.130 _H Soor. 2,368 8.466 34 82,191 1,363.242 _{164 Salonica.} 2,700 11,800 _{44 Syria.} 124.193 124.171 1 Jerusalem. p, 970 979.10CT “2Ö79Ü0" 12 . . . Castamouni. 224 2,178 894 1.630 1,877 1 <ossova. t;934 71,032 144 25,250 62,767 24 !Conia. 630 3,102 41 1,300 773 4 A/lonastir.

THE PROVINCES POPPY. A v er ag e p ro d u ct io n p er D o n u m . COTTON. A v er ag e p ro d u ct io n p er 1 D o n u m . ! A R E A o r L A N D C U L T IV A T E D Pr o d u c t. A R E A OF L A N D C U L T IV A T E D . Pr o d u c t i n Ok k a. Poppy. Opium. D O N U M . O K K A . O K K A . D O N U M . Adrianople. ... 46.794 521,734 11 132 1.230 9 i Izmid. 870 40,000 870 46 14,160 212.500 14 Angora. 37,905 745,231 34,747 19 4.619 70,228 15 Biga. 1,822 19,935 102 Tchataldja. Diarbekir. 66,172 436,980 6* 300 1.500 5 Salonica. 12.562 1.008,430 39,961 80 190,710 3,674,522 19 Syria. 4,450 98,500 22 Kastamouni. 1,473 70,480 1,102 4 7 | 14,035 9,398 4 Kossova. 20,539 728,066 29,405 25± 2,600 15,200 52 Konia. 31,866 1,746,797 133,551 54f 14,070 118,050 8İ Monastir. 3,000 70,000 3,200 23* 520 78.945 1512

RICE. A ve ra ge P io tl uc ti on p er j D on um . TOBACCO. A ve ra ge P ro du ct io n pe r D on um . THE PROVINCES area of land c u l­ t iv a t e d. PRODUCT IN OKKA. AREA OF LAND CUL­ TIVATED. PRODUCT IN OKKA D O N U M . D O N U M . 67,653 5,215,899 77 Adrianople. 318 77,920 108 3,094 57,277 18İ * Scodra. 2,700 212,400 3 8 | 6,955 923,968 132| Izmid. 45,474 1,998,500

_m

4,330 116,000 264 Angora. . ... 2,062 68,824 23! Biga. i 2,515 130,817 _{514 Lebanon.} ! ... 3,591 141,657 3 9 | Tchataldja. 749,728 1,513,274 0t-i 21,109 210,870 10 Diarbekir. 50 1 000 20 23,086 4,182,345 18* 76,596 4,862,207 634 Salonica. 100 4,000 40 2,497 44,168 17! Syria. > _{6,902 172 350} ! ... ! 85,153 1,934,403 22f 8,964 431,679 48! Kastamouni. 13,000 2,131,150 _163* 30,022 576,036 16 Kossova. 100 1,175 i l l 2,000 26,000 13 Konia. 600 35,000 58! 9,396 374,907 39f Monastir.

THE PROVINCES ANISEED. A ve ra ge Pr o d u ct io n p er D o n u m . POTATOES. A ve ra ge Pr o d u ct io n p er D o n u m . AREA OF LAND CUL­ TIVATED. PRODUCT IN OKKA. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT IN OKKA. D O N U M . DONUM . Adrianpple. 9,891 218,140 22 25,373 370,420 14* 3 30,700 Izmid 1,500 540,200 360 Angora. 3,550 19,100 53* D , 6 d * Iphannn 505 144,168 285* Tchataldja. 100 2,000 20 60 60,000 1,000 Salonica. 12,961 533,210 41* 3.830 639,150 210* Syria. 1,212 76,250 62* 14.800 5,234,050 253* 560 38.500 68* Knstnmnnni 824 95.770 116* Kossova. 695 66,300 95* 11,721 1,434,416 122* Konia. 2,500 210,000 84 25,230 _395,332 15* Monastir. 4,000 110.000 27* 519 35,500 co CO

ROOT DYE. A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er D on um . ONIONS. A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er D on um . THE PROVINCES area o f LAND CULTIVATED PRODUCT IN OKKA. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT IN OKKA. D O N U M . D O N U M . • 20 1 ,0 0 0 50 3,960 5,029,587 1268 Adrianople. Scodra. 5,653 2,492,607 440 Izmid. Angora. Biga. Lebanon. Tchataldja. 265 735 21 Diarbekir. Soor. 20 1 ,0 0 0 50 1,300 1 1 0 ,0 0 0 91 Salonica. 3,000 25,200 441 Syria. 4,300 260,000 60 Jerusalem. 100 3,500 35 Kastamouni. İ. 100 2 ,0 0 0 20 400 41,000 102 Kossova. 40 1,775 44 60 132,125 2035 Konia. Monastir.

THE PROVINCES Miscellaneous Products A ve ra g e P ro d u ct io n pe r D on um . AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED D O NUM PRODUCT IN OKKA. Adiianople. 51 2,850,715 Scodra. Izmid. Angora. Biga. Lebanon. Tchataldja. Diarbekir. 15,026 141,102 Soor. 400 1,022,662 Salonica. 25.200 165,000 Syria. Jerusalem. Kastainouni. 12,891 63.234 Kossova. 126,068 9.363.270 Konia. 1.010 101,649 Monastir. 350 734,090 URAPES. AREA OF VINEYARDS PRODUCT_IN OKKA. DO NU M . 442,997 12,502 28,067 161,870 42,350 21,517 24,940 989,760 30 569,423 433,451 22,422 51.413 121,618 324.492 338.135 12,009,094 2,646,190 7,767,206 34,599,750 978,241 2,858,310 10,361,813 14,631,800 1,500 48,992,403 13,840,047 1,407,587 2,244,266 14,833,832 20,092,613 61.921.116 A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n pe r

QRAPES. A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er D on um . FIQS. A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er D on um . THE PROVINCES PRODUCT IN RAISINS. O K K A . THE WINE PRODUCED. AREA OF LAND CULTI­ VATED. PRODUCT IN OKKA. O K K A . D O NU M . 14.855,504 140 Adrianople. 949,234 211 Scodra. 471,585 271 Izmid. 239,800 213 Angora. 160.000 23 Bira. 158,106 132 Lebanon. 5.105,515 415 Tchataldja. 830,300 46.610

m

6,070 241,729 39} Diarbekir. 50 200 20,000 100 Soor. 10,874,959 86} 15,840 133,200 8} Salonica. 13,425,921 2,872,342 ? 20.987' 2.311,300 110 Syria. 157,026 62 Jerusalem. 247,789 28,500 4} 290 35,378 122 Kastamouni. 4.989.534 121} Kossova. 2.990.179 1,162,366 61} 7.220 324,850 45 Konia. 7,453,566 183 40,000 Monastir.

THE PROVINCES LE AREA OF LAND CULTI­ VATED. MONS. PRODUCT IN NUMRER. A v er ag e P ro d u ct io n p er D on um . OLP AREA OF LAND CULTI­ VATED. /ES. PRODUCT IN OKKA. A ve ra ge P ro du ct io n pe r D on um . D O NU M . DONUM . Adrianople. 84 500 Scodra. 27 887 2 370 069 5 Izmid. _{60 2,300} C3 O

'cU

<

Biga. _{16 830} .1 170 run C) Lebanon. 6,818 475,430 70 31,181 -l J A 1 V j U aV 13,272.407 34 Tchataldja. Diarbekir. 30 100,000 3,333 3,900 11,847 Soor. 150 1,500 Salonica. _{... 132,665} 1,465,200 Syria. 49,382 6,118,200 13 Jerusalem. 1.353 _{3,199,050 2,364 21,412 3,475,747 20} Kastamouni. _10,150 1 158,453 | Kossova. Konia. _{415 715,000 496 910} 88,800 : Monastir. ... 3,000 19,238 9,763,890 ;_|

OLIVE OIL. A v er ag e P ro du ct io n p er D on um .

B E E HJVES.

THE PROVINCES THE NUM­ BER OF BEE-HIVES. HONEY. BEES-WAX. A ve ra ge P ro du ct io n p er D on um . O K K A . O K K A , O K K A . 4,425 148 49,507 247,333 9,757 5 Adrianople. 10,013 744 4.282 14,389 1.657 3İ Scodra. 380 18,711 60,308 7.138 3 i Izmid. 18.157 73,600 5.128 4 Angora. 44,600 265 10,386 54,970 3.218 5 Biga. 19.683 425 3.585 7.075 675 O¿ j Lebanon. 1,436 8,505 439 54 Tchataldja. 60,200 3 35.196 55,547 3,263 14 Diarbekir. Soor. 136.150 _{' H i} 60,700 267,894 27,720 4İ Salonica. 81,200 1234 21,830 61,800 9,319 24 Syria. 26,900 2,620 2.681 2,950 605 1 Jerusalem. 350 154 63,684 224.275 20,677 34 Kastamouni. 28,287 169,641 21,076 6 Kossova. 1.400 974 85.163 249,101 29,269 24 Konia. 697.484 5074 33,534 188.546 17,393 5İ Monastir.

THE PROVINCES ORANGES. A ve ra ge P ro du ct io n p er D on um . ACORN. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT IN NUMBER. AREA OF LAND CU LTIVATEI). PRODUCT IN OKRA. D O N U M . DONUM . Adriànople. 7,500 957,000 Scodra. Izmid. Angora. Biga. 43.800 3.533,552 Lebanon. 5.715 425,540 74 Tchataldja. Diarbekir. _{8 55,000 3,155} Soor. Salonica. Syria. Jerusalem. _{5.838 15,000.400 2.569} Kastamouni. Kossova. Konia. _{500 980,000 740 315,500} Monastir. _15,000 153 6b A ve ra ge P ro du ct io n pe r D on um .

DJEHRI. A v er ag e P ro d u ct io n p er D o n u m .

OTHER KIND FRUITS.

A ve ra g e P ro d u ct io n p er D o n n m . THE PROVINCES AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT IN OKKA. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT IN OKKA. DO NU M . D O NU M . 1,250 46.000 36 Adiianople. Scodra. 5,975 2,576,000 431 Izmid. Angora. 687.000 Biga. Lebanon. Tchataldja. 7,812 Diarbekir. Soor. Salonica. Syria. Jerusalem. 10,000 51,280 5 11,467 1,452,986 127 Kastamouni. 3,752 267,151 71 Kossova. 15,300 3,411 200,000 58 Konia. 194,648 Monastir. „__

THE PROVINCES

OTHER KIND FRUITS.

A v er ag e P ro d u ct io n p er D o n u m . OTHER KINDS DRY FRUITS.

A ve ra ge P ro d u ct io n p er l D o n u m . \ AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCTIN OKKA. AREA OF LAND CULTIVATED. PRODUCT IN OKKA. D O N U M . DO NU M . Adrianople. 4,350 1,970,000 Scodra. Izmid. 650 680,000 322,000 Angora. Biga. Lebanon. Tchataldja. Diarbekir. Soor. Salonica. ₃₀₈ 260,300 3241 Syria. Jerusalem. Kastamouni. _{1 9Q} Kossova. _1,550 80,000 51* Konia. _{300 to non 233} Monastir. _319,279

S I L K W O R M S .

thf. eggs ofth e

SILK-WORM. THE PRODUCT.

■THE AMOUNT OF EACH DERHAM OF EGGS. THE PROVINCES. O K K A . COCOONS O K K A . S IL K O K K A . O K K A . D E R H A M 177 452 497,055 5,869 300 2 Adrianople. 13 5,170 691 1 Scodra. 66 432 329,266 32,083 3 Izmid. 317 14 14,062 390 100 2 Angora. : 286 7 1,181 _{300 1 Biga.} 81 27 1,271,118 40,559 1,001 1 Lebanon. 50 500 39 10 Tchataldja. 60 50 16,060 3,780 320 . . . Diarbekir. Soor. 196 562 710,272 21,201 161 3 Salonica. 1 250 114 105,700 106,126 126 2 Syria. Jerusalem. | 349 6 3,334 85 1 KastamounL 1 325 5 10,320 706 177 . . . Kossova. 36 65 21,907 1,044 336 Konia. / t'-O / ° 7 13,240 2,378 100 4 Monastir.

THE PROVINCES. BUFFALO TEAMS. BUFFALO COWS. HALE BUFFALO. BUFFALO CALF. Adrianople. 18,665 26,655 580 12,434 Scodra. 383 430 329 109 Izmid. 10,560 35,072 871 17,964 Angora. 21,180 17,570 3,830 9,968 Biga. 3,601 1,424 67 635 Lebanon. 10 50 20 10 Tchataldja. 1,402 1,114 24 683 Diarbekir. 5,402 2,890 2,711 488 Soor. 1,000 220 500 Salonica. 11,556 13,372 1,216 7,503 Syria. 6,940 340 530 50 Jerusalem. 130 Kastamouni. 34,982 27,497 4,998 13,091 Kossova. 10,261 6,702 1,268 4,920 Konia. 12,806 13,306 2,937 5,213 Monastir. 6,926 7,891 4,340 3,885

rEAH OF OXEN. BLACK COWS. BLACK OXEN. _PROVINCES.THE 131.481 846,104 2,492 Adrianople. 17,670 23,831 3,220 Scodra. 33,886 21,994 2,730 Izmid. 282,405 153,380 9,000 Angora. 26,417 24.890 374 Biga. 12,563 10,499 6.707 Lebanon. 7.946 8,848 98 Tchataldja. 86,605 46,971 4,360 Diarbekir. 5,480 13,668 1,363 Soor. 106,100 115,154 7,316 Salónica. 79,445 39,081 5,800 Syria. 10,596 5,329 354 Jerusalem. 137,668 134,112 18,103 Kastamouni. 91,472 87,707 13,480 Kossova. 147,329 134,279 15,414 Konia. 91,047 65,423 13,325 Monastic

THE

PROVINCES. CALF.

TEAH AND

RIDING HORSES. MULES.

Adrianople. 55,324 27,653 21,222 Scodra. 9,530 4,691 577 Izmid. 12,550 6,624 1,263 Angora. 74,900 31,440 6,270 Biga. 12,714 4,598 1,684 Lebanon. 9,170 6,366 2,073 Tchataldja. 4,080 1,722 17 Diarbekir. 14,345 4,994 6,476 Soor. 7,180 5,658 1,284 Salonica. 49,729 33,515 25,440 Syria. 15,753 8,050 13,795 Jerusalem. 2,754 695 365 Kastamouni. 57,888 36,614 6,918 Kossova. 36,768 29,155 9 41-Konia. 67,848 55,383 6,536 Monastir. 27,459 33,140 8,075

DONKEYS. 27,344 2,364 1,362 56,500 6,350 7,107 642 41,080 13,253 56,323 43,855 4,792 40,246 17,607 162,526 40,667

CAMELS. SHEEP. THE

PROVINCES. 2,581 2,233,112 Adrianople. 172,326 Scodra. 36 100,083 Izmid. 11,040 1,225,930 Angora. 3,742 205,533 Bigx 00^4 3,164 Lebanon. 199 75,594 Tchataldja. 5,140 911,599 Diarbekir. 7,051 DO / ,0 / 8 Soor. 161 1,714,945 Salonica. 32,536 589,927 Syria. 3,540 70,960 Jerusalem. 398 474,769 Kastamouni. 1,188,220 Kossova. 33,059 1,410,755 Konia. 1,205,706 Monastir.

THE

PROVINCES. GOATS. HOGS.

WOOL. O K k 'A . Adrianople. 1,327,443 43,323 1,557,670 Scodra. 133,512 4,732 95,000 Izmid. 86,328 186 73,926 Angora. 1,554,761 1,607,150 Biga. 162,034 212 159,878 Lebanon. 97,412 350 2,830 Tchataldja. 21,973 1,292 60,290 Diarbekir. 685,607 1,243,689 Soor. 144.772 664,495 Salonica. 1,316.281 55,849 1,265,644 Syria. 563,231 25 1,082,667 Jerusalem. 158,537 120 46,586 Kastamouni. 869,480 328,840 Kossova. 558,387 56,697 773,330 Konia. 1,789,906 1,595 1,817,920 Monastir. 699,299 81,137 963,618

GOAT’S HAIR. MOHAIR. CAMEL’S HAIR. _THE PROVINCES. O K K A . o k k a: O K K A . 228,798 21,225 40,927 280,997 969 Adrianople. Scodra. Izmid. Angora. 1,097,837 4,135 46,101 30 2,385 Big'a. 12,467 20 Lebanon. 8,051 85 Tchataldja. 255,619 86,500 510 Diarbekir. 406,249 6,527 Soor. 514,298 210 Salonica. 100,008 6,754 Syria. 28,464 1,536 Jerusalem. " 131,729 139,306 381,822 196,695 460,143 125 Kastamouni. Kossnva. 428,629 11,664 Konia. Monastir.

* hibits displayed by the Imperial Ottoman Government at the World’s Columbian Exposition, compiled and arranged by

HOHANNES T. PUSHMAN, Secretary of the Imperial Ottoman Commission.

S