WORLD' S POUL TRY
SCIENCE
ASSOCIA'"rION
PROCEEDINGS
lOth European Symposium On
Poultry Nutrition
OctQber 15-19th 1995
Antalya- Turkey
-L
EFFECT OF WET FEEDlNG ON FATTENING PERFORMANCE OF JAPANESE QUAIL
,
••..Okan. II. R. Kutlu. I .. Ha~'kal Hnd S. CHniij:uIIHrl
The University of Çukurova, AgricuIiural Faculty, Department ofAnimal Science, 01330 Adana - Turkey
Abmact
The present study was conducted to in"estigate the effect of wet feeding on the fattening performance of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturn;x japonica). Two weeks old quail were fed acilibitum in four dietary treatment groups for .i weeks period in the study. E:';perimental diets were prepared by mixing standard broiler grower fecd (CP:IS.5%, ME:3100 kcallkg) with tap water in the ratios (weightweight) of 1.0:0.0 (air-dry), 1.0:0..i (.i0% wet), 1.0:0.S (SO% wet) and 1.0: 1.2 (120% wet).
The results obtained in the experiment showed that wet feeding increased bady weight gain (p<1J.(15). dry matter intake (P<U.001) significantly. The groups rcceiving wet diets attained significantly greater bady growth and dr)' matter intake than the group fed with air-dry diet. The grcatest increase in bady grO\~th was achieved by feeding 120% wct diet, while the highest dry matter intake was obscn'ed with 80% wetdiet. Feeding quail with wet diets reduced (P<O.O 1) fecd conversion efficiency and the group recei"ing air-dry feed e:\'hibilcd significanlly grcater (P<0.05) fecd conversion effieieney than the groups receiving wet diets.
Infroduction
ln reeent yçars Japanese quail (Coturnix cotumix japonica) production have bccome an important branch of poultry indusUy in Turkey. Because they can produce in large numbers in smail house because of their smail body size. have a high reproduction ability to producc 3 to .i gencrations in a year. require short time (6 or 7 wccks) to rich sexual maturlty and providc high profit in marketing their egg and meat. In poultry production numerous studies have bccn conducted to inerease pouIiry production and profitability by means of genetic, management and dietary methods. Recent studies on layer and broiler nutrition have shown that wet fccding could be of benefit in increasing pouIiry perforinance under thermoneutral or high en"ironmental temperature. Abasiekong ( 1989) reported that water addition to the diet in the ratio (fecd:water) of 3: 1 increased performance of broiler chicks under heat stress conditions. Tadtiyanant et aL. (991) reported that dry matter intake oflayers maintained at high en"ironmental temperature could be increased by wet feeding with the diet containing 50% moisture. Kutlu et ai. (1995a,b,c) reported that diet containing more than 60% moisture increased performance of broilers under thermoneutral condition and dr}' matter intake of layers under hcat stress condition. However, in the present literature there has been no study reported on effect of wet fccding on fattening perforinance of Japanese quail. Therefore. the present study was initiated to assess the effect ofwet feeding ••••ith the diets rnixcd with water in different ratios on fattening performance of Japanese quail.
Materials and Methods
Forty, two-week-old, mixed sex Japanese quail (Coturnix coturn;x jap()n;ca) were divided into .i dietary treatment groups of equal mean weight (.iS.5 g; SE: 1.2), comprising LObirds each. Standard broiler grower fecd (DM:88.2%, CP: 18.5%. fl.;fE:3100 kcal/kg. CAshA.9%. COiI:9.2%. CSCI:2.3%) obtained from a commercial feed company were used as abasal diet in the study. The wet diets were prepared daily by adding tap \Ydter to the preweighcd basal diet in the ratio (fecd (kg):water(kg»of 1.0:0.0 (air dr)': group 1), 1.0:U"i (.iO% wet; group 2). 1.0:0.8 (80% wet; group 3) and 1.0: 1.2 (l20% wct; group 4). Each group was fcd ad libitum with its own diet for a period of 28 days. The birds were housed in 40 individual cages in completc randomised design. During the experiment the birds ••••ere reared at conventional ambient temperature (from 30 redueing to 21°C by 3°C/week). Light was provided 24 hours each day and water was continuously available from nipple drinkers throughout the e.•.•.perimeni. Faiiening perforinance was assessed by measuring body weight gain. dry matter intakc. dr)' matter conversion efficiency. The data obtained in the
experiment were analysed statislically using the GLM procedure of SAS (S I\S 11)85). by subjecting to covariance analysis. in whieh sex was taken as a eovariant. Means were separated using Dunean's Ni:w Multiple Range Test.
Resull.s and Discussion
The results obtained in the experiment summarised in Table i. The results showed that wct feeding affected body wcight gain (P<O.05). dry matter intake (p<O.OOI) and dry matter conversion effieieney (P<0.01) significantly. The groups rccciving wet diets aehieyed significantly (P<0.05) greater body weight gain than the group fed \\ith air-dry dict and the greatest body gro\\1h was aehieyed with 12()% wet die\. Dry maller intake was also inereascd by wct feeding. The groups rccciving .i0. 80 or 120% wet diet showed signilicantly greater (P<0.05) dry matter intake than the air-dr)' fceding group. However. wet fceding reduced dry matter eonyersion efficien!:)' significantly. The group reccI\ing air-dr)' diet aehieved significantly (P<0.05) higher dry matter conversion efficiency than the groups fed \\ith wct diets.
Table
i.
EITect of wet feeding on fattening performance of Japanese quail.Fecdin2 Groups
Paramelen Air-Ory 40% Wel 80% Wel 120% Wet
Body Weight Gain (BWG: gibirdf28 OO)'s) 115 ± 5.21 b· 130 ± 2.45 a 13 1± 5.69 a 137 ± 7.85 a DryMatterlntake(DMI:gibirdf28OOys) .i05 ± 8.73 b 516± 15.9a 527± 12.7a 517±20.9a Diy Matter Com'ersion Effieiency (BWG/DMI) 0.28 ± 0.01 a 0.25 ±0.02 b 0.25 ± 0.01 b 0.26 ± 0.01 b .: a. b mcans in the same row for the same parameter with different Ictters are significanily different (P<0.05). The results obtained in this experiment showw thai fceding Japanesc quail partieularly with 120% wct dict results in inereasc fattcning performance. As dry matter conversion efficiency was nol improved by wet feeding. the increase in body growth is arenection of inereased dry matter intake by wet feeding. The results obtained in this experiment \\ith respect to body growth. dry matter intake and dr)' matter conversion efficiency are in agreement \\ith the results obtained from broiler ehieks fed with wel diet by Kutlu et ai. (IIJ95a.b). In summary wet fccding \\ith air-dry fecd mixed \\ith water in ihe ratio of
i:
1.2 have the patential to increase fattening performance of Japanese quail.-Referenc:e.s
Abasickong. S.F. (\989). Archive Animal Nutrition. Berlin. 39: 507-516.
Kutlu. RR .• Görgüiü. M .. Demir. E. and Öztürkcan.
o.
(1995a). J. Faculty of Agriculture Çukurova Univ .• in press. Kutlu. H.R .. GÖrgüiü. M .. Öztürkcan.o.
and Demir. E. (1995b). 1. Faculty of Agrieulture Çukurova Univ .. in press.Kutlu, HR, Öztürkcan. O..Baykal. L. and Çelik. K. (1995e). Proc. Inter. Poultry Congress'95. Istanbul -Turkey. pp: 163- 172. SAS (\985). SAS User's Guide: Statisties. 5th Edit. SAS Inst. Cary. Ne.
Tadtiyanant,
