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精神分裂症病患飲食攝取及血液脂肪酸組成之評估

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精神分裂症病患飲食攝取及血液脂肪酸組成之評估

黃士懿

Abstract

本研究主旨在評估精神分裂症病患之飲食攝取狀態及血液脂肪酸組成。本實驗募集20 位日間留 院長期藥物治療之精神分裂症病患,並且募集性別、年齡及身高相仿的20 位健康人作為控制組, 進行飲食及血液脂肪酸分析比較。結果顯示,病患BMl顯著高於控制組(p<0.05)。在飲食攝取 方面,病患組總熱量攝取顯著高於控制組(p<0.05),在經熱量校正後,蛋白質、脂肪及醣類 攝取量,以及三大營養素佔熱量百分比來分析,兩者無顯著差異;病患之油酸、亞麻油酸、次亞 麻油酸及總不飽和脂肪酸攝取量顯著高於控制組(p<0.05),其他不飽和脂肪酸(包括EPA及 DHA)攝取量有低於控制組的趨勢,但無統計上差異。在血漿脂肪酸方面,病患組二十二碳六 烯酸(DHA)百分比顯著低於控制組(p=0.010);紅血球磷脂質脂肪酸方面,病患組C18:3 n-6 脂肪酸百分比顯著高於控制組,花生四烯酸(AA)百分比(p<0.05);此外,病患組EPA 及DHA百分比呈現低於控制組的趨勢,但兩組未達統計上之顯著差異(p=0.064 及p=0.197)。 綜合以上結果,病患飲食脂肪酸攝取差異可能會影響到血液脂肪酸組成,而病患體內若干的特定 脂肪酸(如AA,EPA或DHA)在精神分裂症之精神病理上似乎扮演著重要的角色。因此,若日 後給予病患正確的營養教育或適當的營養補充劑介入,對於精神分裂症病患之病情改善是重要的 一環。

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