• Sonuç bulunamadı

104

105

Elde edilen bulguların matematiksel modellerle başarılı bir şekilde ifade edildiği görülmüştür. Kullanılan pek çok prediktif modelin mekanistik yaklaşımdan uzak olması, gıdanın kompleks yapısı, suş farklılıkları, mikroorganizmaların stres koşullarındaki tepkisi gibi durumlar prediktif mikrobiyolojinin dezavantajları arasında olsa da elde edilen verilerin prediktif modellerle ifade edilebilmesi şüphesiz kısa zamanda hızlı sonuç alınması, ekonomik olması, öngörü sağlaması ve karar aşamalarında yardımcı bir araç olarak kullanılabilmesi bakımından önem taşımaktadır.

Ayrıca çalışmadan elde edilen kinetik parametre değerlerinin yapay ortamdan değil gıda ortamının kendisinden sağlanmış olması yoğurttaki Salmonella davranışı ile ilgili yapay ortamlara nazaran daha güvenilir sonuçlar alınması bakımından önem taşımaktadır.

106 KAYNAKLAR

Adams, M.R. and Nicolaides, L. 1997. Review of the sensitivity of different foodborne pathogens to fermentation, Food Control, Vol: 8, No: 5/6, 227-239.

Ahmed, L.I., Morgan, S.D., Hafez, R.S. and Abdel-All, A.A.A. 2014. Influence of yoghurt starter culture on viability of some pathogenic microorganisms in yoghurt. International Journal of Dairy Science, 9(3); 82-88.

Akkaya, L., Telli, R. and Sağdıç, O. 2009. Growth-death kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes in strained yogurt. International Journal of Food Properties, 12, 705-712.

Albert, I. and Mafart, P. 2005. A modified Weibull model for bacterial inactivation.

International Journal of Food Microbiology, 100, 197-211.

Al-Haddad, K. S.H. 2003. Survival of Salmonellae in bioyoghurt. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 56, 199-202.

Álvarez-Ordóñez, A., Valdés, L., Bernardo, A., Prieto, M. and López, M. 2012.

Survival of acid adapted and non-acid adapted Salmonella Typhimurium in pasteurized orange juice and yogurt under different storage temperatures. Food Science and Technology International, 19(5); 407-414.

Anonim. 2009. Türk Gıda Kodeksi Fermente Süt Ürünleri Tebliği. Tebliğ No: 2009/25.

Anonymous. 2003a. Nicotine poisoning after ingestion of contaminated ground beef-Michigan 2003. CDC. Web sitesi: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/

mmwrhtml /mm5218a3.htm, Erişim tarihi: 18.05.2016.

Anonymous. 2003b. Risk assessment for food terrorism and other food safety concerns.

CFSAN. Web sitesi : http://seafood.oregonstate.edu/.pdf%20Links/Risk%20 Assessment%20for%20Food%20Terrorism%20and%20Other%20Food%20Safe ty%20Concerns.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 18.05.2016.

Anonymous. 2007. Food poisoning sickens 203, kills one in northeast China. Web sitesi : http://www.china.org.cn/english/China/206594.htm, Erişim tarihi: 18.05.2016.

Anonymous. 2008. Terrorist threats to food : Guidance for establishing and strengthening prevention and response systems, 5. WHO. Web sitesi:

http://seafood.oregonstate.edu/.pdf%20Links/WHO%20Food%20Safety%20Issu es%20-%20Terrorist%20Threats%20to%20Food.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 06.12.2014.

Anonymous. 2011. Estimates of foodborne illness in the United States. CDC. Web sitesi: http://www.cdc.gov/foodborneburden/PDFs/FACTSHEET_A_FINDING S_ updated4-13.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 06.04.2016.

107

Anonymous. 2012. Interactive food defense workshop with government & industry representatives at the 2012 food safety summit. FDA. Web sitesi:

http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Food/FoodDefense/UCM303901.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 05.07.2016.

Anonymous. 2014a. Surveillance for foodborne diseases outbreaks United States, 2014:

annual report. CDC. Web sitesi: https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/pdfs/foodborne -outbreaks-annual-report-2014-508.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 27.01.2017.

Anonymous. 2014b. FSIS Food safety and food defense. USDA. Web sitesi:

http://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/wcm/connect/86cc4d8e-c963-4be2-936a-745e2da9063a/food-defense-incommerce-firms.pdf?MOD=AJPERES, Erişim tarihi: 18.05.2016.

Anonymous. 2016a. What is R? Web sitesi: https://www.r-project.org/about.html, Erişim tarihi: 16.05.2016.

Anonymous. 2016b. Available CRAN packages by name. Web sitesi: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/available_packages_by_name.html, Erişim tarihi:

16.05.2016.

Anonymous. 2016c. A web resource for quantitative and predictive food microbiology.

Web sitesi: http://www.combase.cc/index.php/en/, Erişim tarihi: 16.05.2016.

Anonymous. 2016d. Pathogen modeling program (PMP) online. Web sitesi:

https://pmp.errc.ars.usda.gov/aboutPMP.aspx, Erişim tarihi: 16.05.2016.

Bachrouri, M., Quinto, E. J. and Mora, M. T. 2006. Kinetic parameters of Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival during fermentation of milk and refrigeration of home-made yoghurt. International Dairy Journal, 16(5); 474–481.

Bachrouri, M., Quinto, E.J. and Mora, M.T. 2002. Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 during storage of yogurt at different temperatures. Journal of Food Science, 67(5); 1989-1903.

Ball, C.O. and Olson, F.C.W. 1957. Sterilization in food technology theory, practice and calculation, McGraw-Hill Book, pp 654, New York, NY, USA.

Baranyi, J. and Roberts, T.A. 1994. A dynamic approach to predicting bacterial growth in food, International Journal of Food Microbiology, 23, 277-294.

Baranyi, J., Robinson, T.P., Kaloti, A. and Mackey, B.M. 1995. Predicting growth of Brochothrix thermosphacta at changing temperature. International Journal of Food Microbology, 27, 61-75.

108

Baty, F. and Delignette-Muller, M.L. 2013. nlsMicrobio: Nonlinear regression in predictive microbiology. R package version 3.2.2. Web sitesi: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/nlsMicrobio/ index.html, Erişim tarihi: 06.04.2016.

Baydoğan, M.G., Orbay, B. and Çetin, U. 2014. R ile programlamaya giriş ve uygulamalar, XIX. Türkiye'de internet konferansı, 27 Kasım, Yaşar Üniversitesi, İzmir. Web sitesi: http://inet-tr.org.tr/inetconf19/sunum/16.pdf, Erşim tarihi:

16.05.2016.

Bednarko-Młynarczyk, E., Szteyn, J., Białobrzewski, I., Wiszniewska-Łaszczych, A.

and Liedtke, K. 2015. Modeling the kinetics of survival of Staphylococcus aureus in regional yogurt from goat’s milk. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 18(1); 39-45.

Bell, C. and Kyriakides, A. 2002. Salmonella: A practical approach to the organism and its control in foods. UK: Blackwell Publishing, pp. 330, Oxford.

Benkerroum, N., Oubel, H., and Sandine W.E. 2002. Effect of nisin on yogurt starter, and on growth and survival of Listeria monocytogenes during fermentation and storage of yogurt. Internet Journal of Food Safety, 1, 1-5.

Betts, G.D. and Walker, S.J. 2004. Verification and validation of food spoilage models.

In: Understanding and Measuring the Shelf-Life of Food. Steele, R. (ed), 1st Edition, Woodhead Publishing, pp. 184-212, Cambridge, England.

Bevilacqua, A., Speranza, B., Sinigaglia, M. and Corbo, M.R. 2015. A focus on the death kinetics in predictive microbiology: Benefits and limits of the most Important models and some tools dealing with their application in foods. Foods, 4, 565-580.

Biesta-Peters, E.G., Reij, M.W., Joosten, H., Gorris, L.G.M. and Zwietering M.H. 2010.

Comparison of Two Optical-Density-Based Methods and a Plate Count Method for Estimation of Growth Parameters of Bacillus cereus. Applied and environmental microbiology, 76(5); 1399-1405.

Bigelow, W.D. and Esty J.R. 1920. The thermal death point in relation to typical thermophylic organisms. Journal of Infection Diseases, 27, 602-617.

Bigelow, W.D. 1921. Logarithmic nature of thermal death time curves. Journal of Infection Diseases, 29, 528-536.

Blackburn, C. de W. 2000. Modelling shelf-life. In: The stability and shelf-life of food.

Kilcast, D. and Subramaniam, P. ( eds), Woodhead Publishing, pp. 55-78, Cambridge, UK.

109

Botina, S.G., Tsygankov, Y.D. and Sukhodolets, V.V. 2006. Identification of industrial strains of lactic acid bacteria by methods of molecular genetic typing. Russian Journal of Genetics, 42(12); 1367-1379.

Bovill, R., Bew, J., Cook, N., D’Agostino, M., Wilkinson, N. and Baranyi J. 2000.

Predictions of growth for Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella during fluctuating temperature. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 59, 157–

165.

Bozkurt, H. and Erkmen, O. 2000. Predictive modeling of Yersinia enterocolitica inactivation in Turkish Feta cheese during storage. Journal of Food Engineering, 47, 81-87.

Buchanan, R.L., Golden, M.H., Whiting, R.C., Philips, J.G. and Smith, J.L. 1994. Non-thermal inactivation models for Listeria monocytogenes. Journal of Food Science, 59, 179-188.

Buzrul, S. and Alpas, H. 2007. Modeling inactivation kinetics of food borne pathogens at a constant temperature. LWT, 40, 632-637.

Campbell-Platt, G. 1987. Fermented foods of the world: a dictionary and guide.

Butterworths, pp. 290, London.

Canganella, F., Nespica, M.L., Giontella, D. and Trovatelli, L.D. 1999. Survival of Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas paucimobilis in yoghurts manufactured from cow's milk and soy milk during storage at different temperatures. Journal of Microbiology Research, 154, 15-21.

Canganella, F., Ovidi, M., Paganini, S., Vettraino, A.M., Bevilacqua, L. and Trovatelli, L.D. 1998. Survival of undesirable micro-organisms in fruit yoghurts during storage at different temperatures. Food Microbiology, 15, 71-77.

Caplice, E. and Fitzgerald, G.F. 1999. Food fermentations: role of microorganisms in food production and preservation. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 50, 131-149.

Carr, F.J., Chill, D. and Maida, N. 2002. The lactic acid bacteria: A literature survey Critical Reviews in Microbiology, 28(4); 281-370.

Cerf, O. 1977. A review. Tailing of survival curves of bacterial spores. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 42, 1-19.

Cirone, K., Huberman, Y., Morsella, C., Méndez, L., Jorge, M. and Paolicchi, F. 2013.

Growth of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella Enteritidis during Preparation and Storage of Yogurt. ISRN Microbiology, 1-7.

110

Cole, M.B., Davies, K.W., Munro, G., Holyoak, C.D. and Kilsby, D.C. 1993. A vitalistic model to describe the thermal inactivtion of Listeria monocytogenes. Journal of Industrial Microbiology, 12, 232-239.

Corradini, M. G., Normand, M. D. and Peleg, M. 2007. Modeling non- isothermal heat inactivation of microorganisms having biphasic isothermal survival curves.

International Journal of Food Microbology, 116, 391-399.

Crim, S.M., Iwamoto, M., Huang, J.Y., Griffin, P.M., Gilliss, D., Cronquist, A.B., Cartter, M., Tobin-D’Angelo, M., Blythe, D., Smith, K., Lathrop, S., Zansky, S., Cieslak, P.R., Dunn, J., Holt, K.G., Lance, S., Tauxe, R. and Henao, O.L. 2014.

Incidence and trends of infection with pathogens transmitted commonly through food — foodborne diseases active surveillance network, 10 U.S. Sites, 2006–

2013. Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC). Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 63(15); 328-332.

Crum-Cianflone, N.F. 2008. Salmonellosis and the GI tract: More than just peanut butter. Current Gastroenterology Reports, 10(4); 424-431.

Cullen, A.C. and Frey H.C. 1999. Probabilistic techniques in exposure assessment. A handbook for dealing with variability and uncertainty in models and inputs.

Plenum, pp 335, New York.

Çoksöyler, N. 2011. Mikrobiyal inaktivasyon kinetiği modelleri. Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi.

Erkmen, O. (ed), 361-384, Ankara.

Díez-García, M., Capita, R. and Alonso-Calleja, C. 2012. Influence of serotype on the growth kinetics and the ability to form biofilms of Salmonella isolates from poultry. Food Microbiology, 31, 173-180.

Erginkaya, Z. ve Kabak, B. 2011. Fermente gıdalar. Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi. Erkmen, O.

(ed), 425-448, Ankara.

Ertaş, N., Al, S., Karadal, F. ve Gönülalan, Z. 2013. Kayseri ilinde satışa sunulan manda yoğurtlarının mikrobiyolojik kalitesi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 40(1); 83-88.

Esty, J.R. and Meyer K.F. 1922. The heat resistance of spores of B. botulinus and related anaerobes. Journal of Infection Diseases, 31, 650-663.

Esty, J.R. and Williams, C.C. 1924. Heat resistance studies. A new method for determination of heat resistance of bacterial spores. Journal of Infection Diseases, 34, 516–528.

111

Evren, M., Apan, M., Turkun, E. ve Evren, S. 2011. Geleneksel fermente gıdalarda bulunan laktik asit bakterileri. Elektronik Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi TR, www.mikrobiyoloji.org/pdf/702110102.pdf, 9(1); 11-17.

Ferdousi, R., Rouhi, M., Mohammadi, R., Mortazavian, A.M., Khosravi-Darani, K. and Rad, A.H. 2013. Evaluation of probiotic survivability in yogurt exposed to cold chain interruption. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12, 139-144.

Gayán, E., Serrano, M.J., Raso, J., Álvarez, I. and Condón, S. 2012. Inactivation of Salmonella Enterica by UV-C light alone and in combination with mild temperatures. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 78(23); 8353–8361.

Geeraerd, A.H., Herremans, C.H. and Van Impe, J.F. 2000. Structural model requirements to describe microbial inactivation during a mild heat treatment.

International Journal of Food Microbiology, 59, 185-209.

Geeraerd, A.H., Valdramidis, V.P. and Van Impe, J.F. 2005. GInaFiT, a freeware tool to assess non-loglinear microbial survivor curves. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 102, 95-105.

Gibson, A.M., Bratchell, N. and Roberts, T.A. 1987. The effect of sodium chloride and temperature on the rate and extent of growth of Clostridium botulinum type A in pasteurised pork slurry. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 62, 479-490.

Gobbetti, M., De Angelis, M., Corsetti, A. and Di Cagno R. 2005. Biochemistry and physiology of sourdough lactic acid bacteria. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 16, 57-69.

Griffiths, M.W. and Phillips, Jd. 1988. Modeling the relation between bacterial growth and storage temperature in pasteurised milks of varying hygienic quality, Journal of the Society of Dairy Technology, 41, 96-102.

Halkman, A.K. 2005. Merck Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi Uygulamaları, Başak Matbaacılık Ltd. Şti., 358 s., Ankara.

Halkman, A.K. 2013. Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi II Ders Notları. Ankara Üniversitesi Gıda Mühendisliği Bölümü, 89 s., Ankara.

Hrnjez, D., Vaštag, Ž., Milanovic, S., Vukic, V., Ilicic, M., Popovic, Lj. and Kanuric, K.

2014. The biological activity of fermented dairy products obtained by kombucha and conventional starter cultures during storage. Journal of Functional Foods, 10, 336-345.

Ingraham, J. L. 1987. Effect of temperature, pH, water activity, and pressure on growth, In: Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium: cellular and molecular biology. F. C. Neidhardt, J.L. Ingraham, K. B. Low, B. Magasanik, M.

Schaechter, and H. E. Umbarger (Eds.), ASM, pp 1543-1554, Washington, D.C.

112

Jaiswal, A.K. and Jaiswal, S. 2014. Modelling the effects of natural antimicrobials as food preservatives. In: Handbook of natural antimicrobials for food safety and quality. Taylor, M. (ed.). Woodhead Publishing Limited, pp. 259-284, Cambridge, UK.

Juneja, V.K. 2010. Use of predictive microbiology information portal, the USDA-Pathogen Modeling Program and ComBase, IAFP Applied Laboratory Methods Professional Development Group, Aug 1.

Kalui, C.M., Mathara, J.M. and Kutima, P.M. 2010. Probiotic potential of spontaneously fermented cereal based foods – a review. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9(17); 2490-2498.

Khan, A.S., Swerdlow, D.L. and Juranek, D.D. 2001. Precautions against biological and chemical terrorism directed at food water supplies. Public Health. Reports, 116, 3-13.

Kowalik, J. and Lobacz, A. 2015. Development of a predictive model describing the growth of Yersinia enterocolitica in Camembert-type cheese. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 50, 811-818.

Köse, Ş. ve Ocak, E. 2014. Yoğurtta lezzet bileşenlerinin oluşumu ve bu oluşum üzerine etki eden faktörler. Akademik Gıda, 12(2); 101-107.

Kumbhar, S. B., Ghosh, J. S. and Sam udre, S. P. 2009. Microbiological analysis of pathogenic organisms in indigenous fermented milk products. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology, 1(1); 35-38.

Legates, D.R. and McCabe, Jr, GJ. 1999. Evaluating the use of "goodness-of-fit"

measures in hydrologic and hydroclimatic model validation. Water Resource Research, 35(1); 233-241.

Leroy, F. and De Vuyst., L. 2004. Lactic acid bacteria as functional starter cultures for the food fermentation industry. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 15, 67-78.

Leyer, G.J. and Johnson, E.A. 1992. Acid adaptation promotes survival of Salmonella spp. in cheese. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 58, 2075-2080.

Madhu., Shiva Prakash, M. and Neetu. 2013. Yoghurt is excellent vehicle for travelling probiotics to public health. International Journal of Food and Nutritional Sciences, 2(1): 126-137.

Mafart, P., Couvert, O., Gaillard, S. and Leguerinel, I. 2002. On calculating sterility in thermal preservation methods : application of the Weibull frequency distribution model. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 72, 107-113.

113

Maier, R. M. 2009. Bacterial Growth. In: Environmental microbiology, pp. 37-54.

Elsevier.

Marshall, E. and Mejia, D. 2012. Traditional fermented food and beverages for improved livelihoods. FAO, Rome.

Massa, S., Altieri, C., Quranta, V. and De Pace, R. 1997. Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in yoghurt during preparation and storage at 4 oC. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 24, 347-350.

Mazerolle, M.J. 2016. AICcmodavg: Model selection and multimodel inference based on (Q)AIC(c). R package version 2.1-0. Web sitesi: https://cran.r-project.org/package=AICcmodavg, Erişim tarihi: 01.12.2016.

McClelland, R.G. and Pinder, A.C. 1994. Detection of Salmonella Typhimurium in dairy products with flow cytometry and monoclonal antibodies. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60(12); 4255-4262.

McKellar, R.C., Perez-Rodriguez, F., Harris, L.J., Moyne, A., Blais, B., Topp, E., Bezanson, G., Bach, S. and Delaquis, P. 2014. Evaluation of different approaches for modeling Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival on field lettuce.

International Journal of Food Microbiology, 184, 74–85.

McKinley, M.C. 2005. The nutrition and health benefits of yoghurt. International Journal of Dairy Technology, 58(1); 1-12.

McMeekin, T.A., Brown, J., Krist, K., Miles, D., Neumeyer, K., Nichols, D.S., Olley, J., Presser, K., Ratkowsky, D.A., Ross, T., Salter, M. and Soontranon, S. 1997.

Quantitative microbiology: a basis for food safety, Emerging Infectious Diseases, 3(4); 541-549.

McMeekin, T.A., Olley, J., Ross, T. And Ratkowsky D.A. 1993. Predictive microbiology: theory and application. UK: Research Studies Press, pp. 340, Taunton.

Morgan, D., Newman, C.P., Hutchinson, D.N., Walker, A.M., Rowe, B. and Majid, F.

1993. Verotoxin producing Escherichia coli O157 infections associated with the consumption of yoghurt. Epidemiological Infections, 111, 181–187.

Muñoz–Cuevas, M., Metris, A. and Baranyi, J. 2012. Predictive modelling of Salmonella: From cell cycle measurements to e-models. Food Research International, 45, 865-862.

Ogwaro, B.A, Gibson, H., Whitehead, M. and Hill, D.J. 2002. Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in traditional African yoghurt fermentation. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 79, 105-112.

114

Oliver, S.P, Jayarao, B.M. and Almeida, R.A. 2005. Foodborne pathogens in milk and the dairy farm environment: food safety and public health implications.

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease, 2(2); 115-129.

Oscar, T.P. 1998. Growth kinetics of Salmonella isolates in a laboratory medium as affected by isolate and holding temperature. Journal of Food Protectection, 61(8); 964-968.

Özer, B. ve Halkman, A.K 2015. Yoğurdun fiziksel ve mikrobiyolojik özellikleri.

Yoğurt Lezzetin ve Sağlığın Öyküsü. Yücecan, S. (ed). Danone Enstitüsü Beslenme Serileri No 6, 145-152.

Panesar, P.S. 2011. Fermented dairy products: starter cultures and potential nutritional benefits. Food and Nutrition Sciences, 2, 47-51.

Park, H.S., and Marth, E.H. 1972. Survival of Salmonella Typhimurium in refrigerated cultured milks. Journal of Milk and Food Technology, 35(8): 489-495.

Pazakova, J., Turek, P. and Laciakova, A. 1997. The survival of Staphylococcus aureus during the fermentation and storage of yoghurt. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 82, 659-662.

Pekcan, G. 2015. Besine dayalı beslenme rehberlerinde yoğurt tüketim önerisi ve yoğurt tüketimi. Yoğurt Lezzetin ve Sağlığın Öyküsü. Yücecan, S. (ed). Danone Enstitüsü Beslenme Serileri No 6, 27-32.

Peleg, M. 2006. Isothermal microbial heat inactivation. In: Advanced quantitative microbiology for foods and biosystems. Clydesdale, F.M. (ed.), CRC Press, pp 1–48, Boca Raton, FL.

Peleg, M., Normand, M.D. and Corradini, M.G. 2012. The Arrhenius equation revisited.

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 52(9); 830-851.

Pérez-Rodríguez, F. 2014. Development and application of predictive microbiology models in foods. In: Mathematical and statistical methods in food science and technology, Granato, D. and Ares, G., (eds), John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, pp.

321-361, UK.

Pérez-Rodríguez, F. and Valero A. 2013. Predictive Microbiology in Foods. Springer Briefs in Food, Health, and Nutrition (Springer), Vol 5, pp. 128, New York.

Pouillot, R. and Delignette-Muller, M.L. 2010. Evaluating variability and uncertainty separately in microbial quantitative risk assessment using two R packages.

International Journal of Food Microbiology, 142, 330-340.

115

Pujol, L., Kan-King-Yu, D., Le Marc, Y., Johnston, M.D., Rama-Heuzard, F., Guillou, S., McClure, P. and Membré, J.M. 2011. Establishing equivalence for microbial-growth-inhibitory effects (“Iso-Hurdle Rules”) by analyzing disparate Listeria monocytogenes data with a gamma-type predictive model. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 1069-1080.

Ratkowsky, D.A. 1983. Nonlinear Regression Modeling: a Unified Practical Approach.

Marcel Dekker, pp. 276, New York.

Roberts, T.A. and Jarvis, B. 1983. Predictive modelling of food safety with particular reference to Clostridium botulinum in model cured meat systems. In: Food microbiology: advances and prospects. Academic Press, Roberts, T.A. and Skinner, F.A. (eds) pp. 85-95, New York.

Robinson, R.K. and Tamime A.Y. 2006. Types of fermented milks, In: Fermented milks. Tamime, A.Y. (ed), Blackwell Publishing, pp. 1-10, Oxford.

Robinson, T.P., Aboaba, O.O., Kaloti, A., Ocio, M.J., Baranyi, J. and Mackey, B.M.

2001. The effect of inoculum size on the lag phase of Listeria monocytogenes.

International Journal of Food Microbology,70, 163-173.

Ross, T 1996. Indice of performance evaluation of predictive models in food microbiology.Journal of Applied Microbiology, 81, 501-508.

Roupas, P. 2008. Predictive modelling of dairy manufacturing processes. International Dairy Journal, 18, 741-753.

Sant’Ana, A.S., Franco, B.D.G.M. and Schaffner, D.W. 2012. Modeling the growth rate and lag time of different strains of Salmonella enterica and Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat lettuce. Food Microbiology, 30, 267-273.

Scallan, E., Hoekstra, R.M., Angulo, F.J., Tauxe, R.V., Widdowson, M.A., Roy, S.L., Jones, J.L. and Griffin, P.M. 2011. Foodborne illness acquired in the United States-major pathogens. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 17(1); 7-15.

Scott, W.J. 1937. The growth of microorganisms on ox muscle. I. The influence of temperature. Journal of the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Australia, 10, 338-350.

Sfakianakis, P. and Tzia, C. 2014. Conventional and innovative processing of milk for yogurt manufacture; development of texture and flavor: a review. Foods, 3, 176-193.

Shen H.W, Yu, R.C. and Chou, C.C. 2007. Acid adaptation affects the viability of Salmonella Typhimurium during the lactic fermentation of skim milk and product storage. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 114, 380-385.

116

Singh, A., Korasapati, N.R., Juneja, V.K., Subbiah, J., Froning, G. and Thippareddi, H.

2011. Dynamic predictive model for the growth of Salmonella spp. in liquid whole egg. Journal of Food Science, 76(3); 225-232.

Steinkraus, K.H. 1997. Classification of fermented foods: worldwide review of household fermentation techniques. Food Control, 8; 311-317.

Šušković, J., Kos, B., Beganović, J., Pavunc, A.L., Habjanić, K. and Matošić, S. 2010.

Antimicrobial activity – the most important property of probiotic and starter lactic acid bacteria. Food Technology and Biotechnology, 48(3); 296–307.

Szczawińska, M.E. and Szczawiński, J. 2011. Effect of storage temperature on survival rate of Salmonella Enteritidis in yoghurt. Analele Universităţii din Craiova, seria Agricultură – Montanologie – Cadastru, 41, 243-246.

Szczawiński, J., Szczawińska, M.E., Łobacz, A. and Jackowska-Tracz, A. 2014.

Modeling the effect of temperature on survival rate of Salmonella Enteritidis in yogurt. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 17(3); 479-485.

Szczawiński, J., Szczawińska, M.E., Łobacz, A. and Jackowska-Tracz, A. 2016.

Modeling the effect of temperature on survival rate of Listeria monocytogenes in yogurt. Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 19(2); 317-324.

Tamime, A.Y. 2002. Fermented milks: a historical food with modern applications-a review. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 56(4); 2-15.

Tan, S.M., Lee, S.M. and Dykes G.A. 2014. Buffering effect of chicken skin and meat protects Salmonella enterica strains against hydrochloric acid but not organic acid treatment. Food Control, 42, 329-334.

Tekinşen, K.K., Nizamlıoğlu, M., Bayar, N. Telli, N. ve Köseoğlu, İ.E. 2008. Konya'da üretilen süzme (Torba) yoğurtların bazı mikrobiyolojik ve kimyasal özellikleri.

Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, 24, 69-75.

Teleken, J.T.,Robazza, W.S. and Gomes G.A. 2011. Mathematical modeling of microbial growth in milk. Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, 31(4); 891-896.

Török, T.J., Tauxe, R.V., Wise, R.P., Livengood, J.R., Sokolow, R., Mauvais, S., Birkness, K.A., Skeels, M.R., Horan, J.M. and Foster, L.R. 1997. A large community outbreak of Salmonellosis caused by intentional contamination of restaurant salad bars. American Medical Association, 278, 389-395.

Van Boekel, M. A. J. S. 2002. On the use of the Weibull model to describe thermal inactivation of microbial vegetative cells. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 74, 139-159.

117

Vandamme, P., Pot, B., Gillis, M., De Vos, P., Kersters, K. and Swings, J. 1996.

Polyphasic taxonomy, a consensus approach to bacterial systematics.

Microbiological Reviews, 60(2); 407-438.

Vega, S., Saucedo, D., Rodrigo, D., Pina, C., Armero, C. and Martĺnez, A. 2016.

Modeling the isothermal inactivation curves of Listeria innocua CECT 910 in a vegetable beverage under low-temperature treatments and different pH levels.

Food Science and Technology International, 22(6); 525–535.

Vissers, M. M. M., Te Giffel, M. C., Driehuis, F., De Jong, P. and Lankveld, M.G.

2007. Predictive modeling of Bacillus cereus spores in farm tank milk during grazing and housing periods. Journal of Dairy Science, 90, 281-292.

Weerathilake, W.A.D.V., Rasika, D.M.D., Ruwanmali, J.K.U. and Munasinghe, M.A.D.D. 2014. The evolution, processing, varieties and health benefits of yogurt. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 4(4); 1-10.

Widyastuti, Y., Rohmatussolihat. and Febrisiantosa., A. 2014. The role of lactic acid bacteria in milk fermentation, Food and Nutrition Sciences, 5, 435-442.

Yang, E., Fan, L., Jiang, Y., Doucette, C. and Fillmore, S. 2012. Antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from cheeses and yogurts.

AMB Express, 2(1); 48.

Yılmaz, R. ve Temiz, A. 2003. Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus ve Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus 'un klasik ve moleküler yöntemler kullanılarak tanımlanması ve karakterizasyonu. Orlab On-Line Mikrobiyoloji Dergisi, 1(3); 19-42.

Zwietering, M.H., Jongenburger, I., Rombouts, F.M. and Van’t Riet, D. 1990.

Modelling of the bacterial growth curve. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 56, 1876-1881.

Benzer Belgeler