GREEN CHEMISTRY
Lab Safety Course
Week II
Sustainable Development
• Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Tripod of sustainable development
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B5NiTN0chj0
Population vs production
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Comparison of global population and global chemical production.
Assumption: Chemical production rate increases 3% per year while population
increases 0.77% per year.
“Green chemistry is the design and use of methods that eliminate health and environmental hazards in the manufacture and use of chemicals.”
Twelve principles of green chemistry:
1. Prevent waste. Design chemical syntheses to prevent waste, leaving no waste to treat or clean up. It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it has been created.
Wastes present hazards to individuals.
Less waste safer for employees.
Green Chemistry
Twelve principles of Green Chemistry
P. Anastas and J. Warner. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press, New York, 1998, pp. 8–9. 5
D. Finster, J Whitford and J Fortunak. «How to Create a Safer and More Sustainable Lab Through Green Chemistry”. ACS Webinars
2. Design safer chemicals and products. Design chemical products to be fully effective, yet have little or no toxicity.
Less toxic substances safer for employees.
3. Design less hazardous chemical syntheses. Design syntheses to use and generate substances with little or no toxicity to humans and the environment.
Less toxic substances safer for employees.
4. Use renewable feedstocks. Use raw materials and feedstocks that are renewable rather than depleting. Renewable feedstocks are often made from agricultural
products or are the wastes of other processes; depleting feedstocks are made from
fossil fuels (petroleum, natural gas, or coal) or are mined.
Twelve principles of Green Chemistry
5. Use catalysts, not stoichiometric reagents. Minimize waste by using catalytic reactions. Catalysts are used in small amounts and can carry out a single reaction many times. They are preferable to stoichiometric reagents, which are used in excess and work only once.
Milder conditions safer for employees.
Twelve principles of Green Chemistry
7 6. Avoid chemical derivatives. Avoid using blocking or protecting groups or any temporary modifications if possible.
Derivatives use additional reagents and generate waste.
Fewer reagents/intermediates fewer hazards safer for employees
P. Anastas and J. Warner. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press, New York, 1998, pp. 8–9.
D. Finster, J Whitford and J Fortunak. «How to Create a Safer and More Sustainable Lab Through Green Chemistry”. ACS Webinars
Twelve principles of Green Chemistry
7. Maximize atom economy. Design syntheses so that the final product contains the maximum proportion of the starting materials. There should be few, if any, wasted atoms.
Fewer (potentially) hazardous by-products safer for employees.
Twelve principles of Green Chemistry
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8. Use safer solvents and reaction conditions. Avoid using solvents, separation agents, or other auxiliary chemicals. If these chemicals are necessary, use innocuous
chemicals.
P. Anastas and J. Warner. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press, New York, 1998, pp. 8–9.
D. Finster, J Whitford and J Fortunak. «How to Create a Safer and More Sustainable Lab Through Green Chemistry”. ACS Webinars
Safer (or no!) solvent(s)/auxiliary agents safer for employees
Twelve principles of Green Chemistry
9. Increase energy efficiency. Run chemical reactions at ambient temperature and pressure whenever possible.
Ambient T and P safer for employees
No high temperature and high pressure, no cry!
Twelve principles of Green Chemistry
P. Anastas and J. Warner. Green Chemistry: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press, New York, 1998, pp. 8–9.
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D. Finster, J Whitford and J Fortunak. «How to Create a Safer and More Sustainable Lab Through Green Chemistry”. ACS Webinars
