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N E W Y O R K H E R A L D T R I B U N E , F 1 U D A V , J A N U A R Y 2 9 , 1 9 5 4W
ashington
By ROSCOE DRUMMOND
The General Takes to the Field
Every Presidential press conference strengthens the convic tion of most Washington correspondents that, while there is not a new Eisenhower in the White House, there is quite a different Eisenhower in the White House from a year ago.
The difference Is this:
A year ago the President had made up his mind on hardly anything.
Today the President has made up his mind on nearly everything; certainly he has made up his mind on a wide range o f significant legislative issues.
A year ago it was not clear whether M r.. Eisenhower was going to develop a meaningful legislative program and, if he did, it was not clear whether he would really fight for it.
Today Gen. Eisenhower has a very solid legislative program and he is fight Ing for it— and loves it.
* # *
This difference shows itse’ f vividly at the press conferences. The President is now really relishing the questioning by the reporters and he is handling himself with force and poise and skill. He is acute and alert, as he needs to be, but he is , also relaxed. I doubt if there has been K oscoe Drummond any time since Mr. Eisenhower has been In the White House that he has had such a friendly working press.
The friendliness of the press which I am talking about isn't partisan. It reflects feeling among the correspondents that the general—new to politics, new to civilian government, new to do mestic affairs—has effectively got hold o f his job, knows where he is going and is activelyis going and is
steering things to get there. It may be an occupational prejudice—I don’t think so—of reporters to prefer a positive, dynamic President. But, what ever the reason, Mr. Eisenhower and the White House corre spondents have never been on more cordial and responsive terms. They like the “ different” Eisenhower and the “ different” Eisenhower seems to be enjoy ing himself in a way he was not enjoying himself a few months ago.
* * *
This difference between the 1953 and the 1954 model Eisen hower shows itself in the Presi dent’s relations with Congress. He is not issuing ukases or call ing for "must” legislation, but the President is no longer pre tending that all he can do is send proposals to Congress and then cross his fingers and hope for the best. Mr. Eisenhower is mastering his job as party leader as though he liked it.
And he is getting results. When the Administration needed votes to pass the St. Lawrence Seaway in the Senate, Mr. Eisenhower had Republican Senators on the telephone and he had them to breakfast at the White House. Every President, Republican and Democratic, since William How ard Taft, tried to get the St. Lawrence Seaway approved and failed. The Senate has now started it on its way to law, and much of the credit goes to Mr. Eisenhower’s active intervention.
It is also evident that a ver sion of the Bricker amendment
tlon has been blocked by Presi dential decisiveness. Perhaps Mr. Eisenhower could have done both of these things a year ago. He wasn’t ready. While it can be honestly argued that it would have been better if he had been ready, it is to his credit that, now that he is ready, he is act ing vigorously and effectively.
« * •
To obtain Senate approval of the St. Lawrence Seaway, which has hung dormant— and almost mordant— for forty-five years— and to defeat an effort to curb the treaty-making power o f the Federal government in the span of two weeks is quite an achieve ment.
Mr. Eisenhower didn’t bring it about by ducking controversy.
He brought it about by ac cepting controversy and by utilizing energetically the politi cal and constitutional powers of the Presidency.
It was fashionable to contend, a year ago, that unless Mr. Eisenhower, fresh from his elec tion, utilized his prestige dur ing the first year of office, it would not be there if he tried to use it later.
That theory is being proved wrong. There is evidence that the President is actually and potentially more influential with Congress today than he was last year.
President Eisenhower won’t win all the time—far from it. But from now on, if I read the signs correctly, he isn’t going to lose by default.
unacceptable to the Administra- copyright, ism. n. v. h« .m m b »» mo.
W ils o n S a y s N e x t B u d g e t
W ill H a v e N ew D e fe n s e C ut
WASHINGTON, Jan. 28 (ID.— Defense Secretary Charles E Wilson said tonight a new round o f military man-power and spending cuts will be provided by the defense budget that will go to Congress a year from now.
Addressing the Women’s Fo rum on National Security, Sec retary Wilson indicated that the number of men in uniform will be reduced below the projected level of 3,000,000 by the middle of 1955.
He also made clear that
pro-iSleep Machine5
Moscow's Latest
LONDON, Jan. 28 (IP).— The Moscow radio said today Soviet scientists had de signed a sleep-producing machine and it would go into mass production soon.
The broadcast said it gives out a “ faint rhythmic cur rent”—not further explained
—which brings on deep slumber within a minute. It will be used to cure nervous disorders and “soothe the central nervous system,”
Moscow reported.
posed economies under the Ad ministration’s “ new look” mill tary strategy will not stop with the $4,000,000,000 slash outlined in President Eisenhower’s budget for the new fiscal year 1955 starting July 1.
Mr. Wilson said the military buildup will continue in some areas, obviously including the Air Force, but he said: “ There is no fallacy in the idea o f more defense for less money. It is be ing achieved and much more can and will be accomplished.
He said the Defense Depart ment’s military and civilian employees can be reduced in future years. Military man power is scheduled to be cut from 3,400,000 to 3,000,000 over the next twelve months.
He said military man-power and spending cuts are being made possible by capitalizing on new weapons and techniques and an increasing reliance on “ready reserves.”
Bonn Road Toll 1 0 ,0 0 0
BONN, Germany, Jan. 28 UFi.— More than 10,000 persons were killed in road accidents in West Germany last year, a confer ence o f traffic experts was told here today.Associated Press wirephoto
Under-the-table protocol— Turkish President Celal Bayar leads six-year-old Turkish scout Ferliat Ara out from beneath a table where, suddenly bashful, the boy hid dur ing a reception yesterday at the Turkish Embassy at \\ ashington. Ferhat is the son of an Embassy official.
B a y a r U r g e s W est to P lu g
6G a p in g V o id ’ o f M id -E a s t
Bonn Plans Cyclotron
BONN, Jan. 28 Iff).—Bonn Uni versity is to build a cyclotron fqr nuclear research.Spur Press,
B a ck w a rd
Lands Told
From the Herald Tribune Bureau
UNITED NATIONS, N. Y. Jan. 28.—Regional, rather than national programs to encourage independent Information enter prises in underdeveloped coun tries are stressed in a report issued today by Secretary Gen eral Dag Hammarskjöld.
The report was prepared in conjunction with the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization for consideration at the seventeenth session of the Economic and Social Council, scheduled to be gin March 30.
Without naming either spe cific nations or areas of the world, it suggests that under developed countries "take into account, in studying plans for the development of their domes tic information enterprises, the possible advantages of collabo rating with neighboring coun tries.” One aspect of such co operation would be repealing or reducing to a minimum customs and import duties on such necessary materials as news print and printing, radio and motion-picture equipment.
“ Independent” Stressed Member states with highly developed information media are urged to admit nationals of other countries for study and training in the field. If such an arrangement were made, it is recommended that governments of backward countries establish fellowships to send journalists abroad.
The report maintains that news agencies which depend upon governmental financial aid are at the very least suspect, and places importance on the word '“independent.”
Supply of newsprint is taken as an example of what advan tage there might be in regional arrangements.
The report also proposes es tablishing “pilot” newspapers in
various underdeveloped coun tries. Such papers would be espe cially edited so that study could be made of reactions among d if ferent segments of the people
to various methods o f presen tation. It is considered that this would be especially important in the case of people who have only recently learned to read.
WASHINGTON. Jan. 28 (IPh— President Celal Bayar of Turkey, called on the free world today to plug the “ most notorious gaping void” in its defense against communism— the oil- rich Middle East.
President Bayar, who arrived here yesterday for a month’s visit in the United States, said Turkey is “ diligently and pa tiently” working toward an ade quate defense arrangement in its part of the world. But he said "all security-minded peo ple” should be concerned that the oil resources of the area are left unguarded despite “ the covetous eye” o f Russia.
Addressing a luncheon of Washington reporters and pho tographers, Mr. Bayar criticized nations attempting to steer a middle course in the struggle between democracy and com munism.
Hits ‘Neutralism’ In a world where the forces of right and wrong are aligned for mortal combat,” he seventy- year-old President said, “ there is no room for maneuvering on the sidelines, for seeking selfish advantages or for the .hazardous game of neutralism.
“ The choice is between co operation with the forces of freedom and the path of slavery.”
Speaking through an interpre ter, Mr. Bayar said Turkey long ago made its choice to side with the free world.
Mr. Bayar, one of a group of “Young Turks” who turned the eyes of Turkey westward after World War I. said the free world must be alert to he possibility of living in “ co-existence” with communism.
Was ‘Young Turk’ However, he warned that it must not permit “ mere words and empty gestures” by the Soviet bloc to create a false sense of security or a relaxa tion of its defense efforts.
The Turkish President and his wife raced through a busy day
o f sightseeing and official cere monies. Mr. Bayar drove to Mount Vernon to pay tribute to George Washington, placed a wreath on the tomb of the Un known Soldier in Arlington Na tional Cemetery, attended a re ception at the Turkish Embassy and was guest of honor at a din ner given by Acting Secretary of State Walter Bedell Smith.
French Socialists
Rebuff Reds
PARIS, Jan. 28 ® .—The French Socialist party today turned down attempts by the Commn nists to form a new Popular front of French Left-Wing
groups.
In a statement, the Socialist party executive committee warned French Socialists against the current campaign by Com munists to muster support for Soviet foreign policy objectives, notably the Communist cam paign against the European Army treaty.
The committee asserted that no Socialist party member should join in any manifestation with the Communists of any sort, nor should any Socialist sign any sort of joint declaration, no mat ter how innocuous it may ap pear.
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