CRANIAL NERVES (VII-XII) CRANIAL NERVES (VII-XII)
Prof. Dr. Selda Önderoğlu
Prof. Dr. Selda Önderoğlu
FACIAL NERVE
Facial n.
Facial n.
FIBERS:Motor,sensory, parasymp.
NUCLEI:
Facial Nucleus
Solitary tract Nucleus
superior salivatory Nucleus Leaves brain stem from:
pontobulbar Sulcus
Motor fibers to:
Mm of expresion
Stapedius m.(middle ear)
Stylohyoid m. (neck)
Post. Belly of Digastric
m.(neck)
Solitary Tract Solitary Tract Nucleus (taste) Nucleus (taste)
Intermediate n (taste, motor, general
sensation
(pain,heat etc)
Genicular Ganglion
Taste sensation (from anterior 2/3 of
tongue, soft palate)
Superior Salivatory Nucleus Superior Salivatory Nucleus
Psymp.
Sublingual Gland
Submandibular Gland
Lacrimal Gland
Nasal Glands
Small salivary
glands in mouth
Course of Facial n. and Intermediate n Course of Facial n. and Intermediate n
Pontobulbar Sulcus
internal acustic Meatus
Facial Canal
Genu, genicular ganglion
greater petrosal nerve, N. to Stapedius m, Chorda tympani
Stylomastoid Foramen
posterior auricular n.
Digastric branch, stylohyoid br
Parotid Gland
temporal, zygomatic, buccal, marginal mandibular, cervical branches
Branches of Facial N. (in Facial Canal ) Branches of Facial N. (in Facial Canal )
greater petrosal n.
N. To stapedius
Chorda tympani
Greater Petrosal nerve Greater Petrosal nerve
N. Of pterygoid canal
Pterygopalatine Ganglion
Innervate:
Lacrimal Gland
Nasal Glands
Small Salivary
Glands
Chorda Tympani Chorda Tympani
joins lingual n.
Carries taste from ant.
2/3 of tongue
general sensation from
ant. 2/3 of tongue
Psymp:preganglionic psymp.
(submandibular ganglion)
Postsynaptic fibers innervate
submandibular&Sublingual glands
Brs of Facial N(after its exit from Stylomastoid Brs of Facial N(after its exit from Stylomastoid Foramen)
Foramen)
posterior auricular (occipital br, auricular br)
Digastric br, stylohyoid br
Temporal brs, Zygomatıc brs, buccal brs, marginal mandibular br,
cervical br
central facial paralysis central facial paralysis
Seen in supranuclear levels of facial n.
Below the level of eye, on the contralateral side
Paresis especially in perioral muscles
The mouth is pulled to the
healthy side
facial nerve damage facial nerve damage
(Bell’s Palsy) (Bell’s Palsy)
The result in the patient is different according to the place of the damage.
Example: At its exit from brainstem
1-paralysis of the mm. Of expression on the lesion side(lower motor neuron type),
2-hyperacusis,
3-loss of cornea reflex,
4-function of lacrimal& salivary glands impaired,
5-loss of taste sensation on the ant. 2/3 of tongue
BELL’S PALSY
BELL’S PALSY
VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE (SPECIAL SENSORY) VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE (SPECIAL SENSORY)
SSA SSA
N. Vestibularis (denge) N. Vestibularis (denge)
N. Cochlearis (işitme) N. Cochlearis (işitme)
Sulcus bulbopontinus Sulcus bulbopontinus
Os temporale Os temporale
cochlear nerve
Cochlear nerve Cochlear nerve
Organ of Corti
Spiral Ganglion
Cochlear n
ant. Cochlear Nucl.
post. cochlear Nucl.
Vestibular Nerve
Vestibular nerve Vestibular nerve
inner ear
Semicircular Ducts , utricule, saccule
Vestibular Gang.
Vestibular N.
Vestibular Nuclei
inf. Cerebellar peduncle
Cerebellum
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL
NERVE NERVE
Fibers:
Sensory,motor,psymp.
Nuclei:
Nucleus ambiguus
inf. Salivatory Nucleus
solitary tract Nucleus Exit from:
Retroolivary Sulcus
Foramen jugulare
superior Gang. (sensory),
Inferior Gang. (sensory)
SENSORY GANGLIA
SENSORY GANGLIA
Fibers of glossopharyngeal nerve Fibers of glossopharyngeal nerve
sensory (post.1/3 part of
tongue, soft palate, pharynx, tonsils)
taste (from post 1/3 of tongue)
Sensory (post part of concha of auricle)
Motor (stylopharyngeus m)
psymp (parotid gland)
Psymp part of 9 Psymp part of 9
Inf. Salivatory nucl. Inf. Salivatory nucl.
Tympanic n Tympanic n
Tympanic Plexus Tympanic Plexus
Lesser (superficial) Lesser (superficial) petrosal n
petrosal n
Otic Gang. Otic Gang.
Auriculatemporal N. Auriculatemporal N.
Parotid gland
inf.saliv.nuc
l
Other brs. Of 9 Other brs. Of 9
Pharyngeal brs. Pharyngeal brs.
Br. To Stylopharyngeus m. Br. To Stylopharyngeus m.
Br. To carotid sinus(sinus n.) Br. To carotid sinus(sinus n.)
Tonsillar brs. Tonsillar brs.
Lingual brs. Lingual brs.
Fiber types of 9
NERVUS VAGUS
Fibers:
Sensory,motor,psymp Nuclei:
Nucleus ambiguus
Dorsal Nucleus of vagus
solitary tract Nucleus Exit from:
Retroolivary Sulcus
Jugular Foramen
superior Gang. (sensory-general sensation)
inferior Gang. (sensory-taste&
sensation)
Course and fibers of X Course and fibers of X
in the neck: Bw.int carotid a., int.
Jugular v.
İnf to sup. Gang.
Meningeal br.
Auricular br.
İnf to inf. Gang.
Pharyngeal br.
superior laryngeal n.
Cervical cardiac brs.(sup., inf.)
recurrent laryngeal n.
Fibers of X In thorax Fibers of X In thorax
and abdomen and abdomen
Pulmonary Plexus,
Oesophageal plexus,
ant. Vagal trunk
post. Vagal trunk
ant, post. Gastric brs
Hepatic brs
Coeliac brs
Renal brs
Fiber types of X Fiber types of X
Psymp. (dorsal motor nucl. of vagus) organs except sigmoid colon, rectum and anus
motor (nuc. ambiguus)
pharynx, larynx, mm of soft palate (except tensor veli
palatini & stylopharyngeus mm)
Sensory-taste (solitary nucl.
tract)
(Region around epiglottis)
sensation (solitary tract and sensation (solitary tract and nucl)
nucl)
pharynx, larynx, mucosa of soft pharynx, larynx, mucosa of soft
palate palate
Sensation-general (spinalis tract Sensation-general (spinalis tract nulc. of trigeminal n.)
nulc. of trigeminal n.) concha of auricle
concha of auricle
ACCESSORY NERVE
ACCESSORY NERVE
Fibers:only Motor Nuclei:
cranial root
(nuc. ambiguus)
spinalis root
(spinal nucl.of accessory n.- upper 6 cervical segments of spin. cord)-for.magnum
Form a trunk
Jugular foramen
external br
internal br
HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE
HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE
Fibers: only
motor( innervate mm. Of tongue)
Nucleus:
Nucleus of hypoglossal
Anterolateral Sulcus
hypoglossal canal
