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entrMicrofacies Analysis and Depositional Environments of Tertiary Carbonate Sequences in Socotra Island, YemenSocotra Adasındaki Tersiyer Karbonat İstifinin Mikrofasiyes Analizi ve Çökel Ortamları

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(1)Türkiye Jeoloji Bülteni Geological Bulletin of Turkey. Cilt 54, SayÕ 1-2, Nisan-A÷ustos 2011 Volume 54, Number 1-2, April-August 2011. Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environments of Tertiary Carbonate Sequences in Socotra Island, Yemen Socotra AdasÇndaki Tersiyer Karbonat Gstifinin Mikrofasiyes Analizi ve Çökel OrtamlarÇ  Mohammed AL-WOSABI*ǡAhmed AL-AYDRUS ƒ”–Šƒ†˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ ‹‡ ‡•‡’–Ǥǡ ƒ Ǥ ‹Ǥǡƒƒ̵ƒ‹˜Ǥǡ‡‡ǡǤ‘šǣͳͳͻͲ͵ƒƒ̵ƒ ȋ*‘””‡•’‘†‹‰ƒ—–Š‘”ǡ‡Ǧƒ‹Žǣƒ̴™‘•ƒ„‹̷›ƒŠ‘‘Ǥ ‘Ȍ. ABSTRACT  †‡–ƒ‹Ž‡† •–—†› ‘ –Š‡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒƒŽ›•‹• ƒ† †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡–• ‘ˆ ‡”–‹ƒ”› •‡†‹‡–ƒ”› ”‘ • ‡š’‘•‡† ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(2) •Žƒ† ™‡”‡ ‘†— –‡†Ǥ Š‡ ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‹‘ ™ƒ• „ƒ•‡† ‘ ˆ‹ˆ–› ˆ‘—” •ƒ’Ž‡• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ˆ”‘ˆ‹˜‡•–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š‹ •‡ –‹‘•ƒ†‹ Ž—†‡†ˆ‘—”ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•ˆ”‘„ƒ•‡–‘–‘’ƒ”‡‡” ƒ†Š—ƒȋƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡Ȃ‘ ‡‡Ȍǡƒƒȋ‘ ‡‡Ȍǡ›†‹ȋ’’‡”‘ ‡‡Ȍƒ†—‰Š•ƒ›ŽȋŽ‹‰‘ ‡‡Ǧ ‹‘ ‡‡ȌǤŠ‡•‡”‘ —‹–•ƒ”‡ƒ‹Ž› ‘’‘•‡†‘ˆ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡•ǤŠ‡’‡–”‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ •–—†›‘ˆ—•–ƒ‹‡† ƒ† •–ƒ‹‡† –Š‹ •‡ –‹‘• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– –‘ ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡ ‹–• •‡†‹‡– Ž‘‰›ǡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘•ƒ††‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–•Ǥ ‘”†‹‰–‘—Šƒ Žƒ••‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆŽ‹‡•–‘‡ȋͳͻ͸ʹȌǡ ‡‹‰Š– ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• ™‡”‡ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡†Ǥ Š‡› ƒ”‡ —†•–‘‡ǡ ‘Ž‘‹–‹  —†•–‘‡Ȁ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡ǡ ‘••‹Ž‹ˆ‡”‘—• ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡ǡ ƒ •–‘‡ǡ ƒ”Ž› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ ƒ†› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ ‡‡ˆƒŽ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ ”‡ ‹ƒ–‡† ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡Ȁ’ƒ •–‘‡ƒ†ŠƒŽ›Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǤŠ‡”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡†‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘•™‡”‡ ‘””‡Žƒ–‡† ™‹–Š–Š‡•–ƒ†ƒ”†‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘•ȋȌ™Š‹ Š™‡”‡•—’’‘•‡†„›‹Ž•‘ȋͳͻ͹ͷȌƒ† Žò‰‡Ž ȋͳͻͺʹ ƒ† ʹͲͲͷȌǤ Š‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž‡† ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒƒŽ›•‹• •Š‘™ –Šƒ– –Š‡ •–—†‹‡† ”‘  —‹–• ™‡”‡ †‡’‘•‹–‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ ƒ”‹‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ‡š ‡’– –Š‡ —’’‡” ’ƒ”–• ‘ˆ —‰Š•ƒ›Ž ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ™Š‹ Š ™‡”‡ †‡’‘•‹–‡†‹ƒ•Ž‹‰Š–Ž›†‡‡’ƒ”‹‡‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ Key words:‡”–‹ƒ”› ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ǡ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•ǡ’ƒŽ‡‘‡˜‹”‘‡–•ǡ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(3) •Žƒ†ǡ‡‡ . ÖZ Socotra adasÇnda (Yemen) yüzlek veren Tersiyer yaçlÇ sedimanter kayaçlarÇn depolanma ortamlarÇ ve mikrofasiyes analizleri üstünde detaylÇ bir çalÇçma yapÇlmÇçtÇr. AraçtÇrma beç stratigrafik kesitten toplanan elli dört örnek, ve alttan üste Umm er Radhuma (Paleosen-Eosen), Dammam (Eosen), Aydim (Üst Eosen) ve Mughsayl (Oligosen-Miyosen) olmak üzere dört formasyona dayandÇrÇlmÇçtÇr. Bu kayaçlar baçlÇca karbonatlardan oluçmaktadÇrlar. BoyanmamÇç ve boyanmÇç ince kesitlerin petrografik çalÇçmasÇ kayaçlarÇn sedimantolojilerini, mikrofasiyes birliklerini ve depolanma ortamlarÇnÇ araçtÇrmak için yürütülmüçtür. Dunham (1962)’nin kireçtaçÇ sÇnÇflamasÇna göre sekiz karbonat fasiyesi ayÇrtlanmÇçtÇr. . . ͷ͹.

(4)  ‘Šƒ‡†Ǧ

(5) ǡŠ‡†Ǧ. Bunlar çamurtaçÇ, dolomitik çamurtaçÇ/vaketaçÇ, fosilli vaketaçÇ, istiftaçÇ, marnlÇ kireçtaçÇ, kumlu kireçtaçÇ, resifal kireçtaçÇ, breçlemiç vaketaçÇ/istiftaçÇ ve tebeçirimsi kireçtaçÇdÇr. TanÇmlanan mikrofasiyes birlikleri Wilson (1975) ve Flügel (1982 ve 2005) tarafÇndan önerilen standart mikrofasiyes birlikleriyle (SMB) iliçkilendirilmiçtir. DetaylÇ mikrofasiyes analizleri çalÇçÇlan kayaçlarÇn Mughsayl formasyonunun az derin deniz ortamÇnda depolanan üst kesimleri hariç sǺ deniz ortamÇnda çökeldiºini göstermektedir. Anahtar kelimeler: Tersiyer karbonat, mikrofasiyes, eski ortam, Socotra adasÇ, Yemen. INTRODUCTION ‘ ‘–”ƒ ƒ” Š‹’‡Žƒ‰‘ ‹ –Š‡

(6) †‹ƒ  ‡ƒ ‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ ˆ‘—” ‹•Žƒ†•Ǣ –Š‡•‡ ‹•Žƒ†• ƒ”‡ ‘ ‘–”ƒǡ „† ŽǦ—”‹ǡ ƒŠƒŠ ƒ† ƒ”•ƒǤ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(7) •Žƒ†”‡’”‡•‡–•–Š‡Žƒ”‰‡•–‹•Žƒ†‹ –Š‹• ƒ” Š‹’‡Žƒ‰‘Ǣ –Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ –Š”‡‡ •ƒŽŽ ‹•Žƒ†• Ž‘ ƒ–‡† ƒ– ƒ„‘—– ͳͲͲ •‘—–Š™‡•– ‘ˆ. –Š‡‘ ‘–”ƒ

(8) •Žƒ†ƒ†ˆ‘”ƒ Šƒ‹”‡ƒ Š‡•‹ ‹–• Ž‘‰ –‘ ͳͷͲ ȋ ‹‰ǤͳȌǤ Š‹• ” Š‹’‡Žƒ‰‘ Ž‘ ƒ–‡•ƒ––Š‡‡ƒ•–‡”Ž‹‹–‘ˆ–Š‡ —Žˆ‘ˆ†‡ ƒ† •–ƒ› ˆƒ” ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‡‡‹ ƒ‹Žƒ† ƒ„‘—– ͵͸Ͳ ƒ† ƒ„‘—– ʹ͵Ͳ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‘” ‘ˆ ˆ”‹ ƒȋ ‹‰ǤͳȌǤ. Figure 1. ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ ƒ’ ‘ˆ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(9) •Žƒ† •Š‘™‹‰ –Š‡ •–—†‹‡† •‡ –‹‘•ȋˆ–‡” ‘””‹•‘ ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻ͹ ™‹–Š ‘†‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘ȌǤ fekil 1. Socatra AdasÇndaki çalÇçÇlan kesitleri gösteren jeolojik harita (Morrison vd., 1997’den deºiçtirilerek). . . ͷͺ.

(10)  Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environments of Tertiary Carbonate Sequences in Socotra Island, Yemen. ‘ –Š‡ ‘”–Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”ǡ –Š‡ •‡ƒ ˆŽ‘‘” •Ž‘’‡• •–‡‡’Ž› ‹–‘ –Š‡ —Žˆ ‘ˆ †‡ –‘ †‡’–Š•‰”‡ƒ–‡”–ŠƒʹͷͲͲǡ™‹–Š‹ʹͲ‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹•Žƒ†• ȋ Ž‡‹–ƒ ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ʹͲͲͶȌǤ Š‡ Ž‹‰‘Ǧ ‹‘ ‡‡ ‘ ‡ƒ‹  ”—•– Ž‹‡• –‘ –Š‡ ‘”–Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹•Žƒ†• ‹ ™ƒ–‡” †‡’–Š ”‡ƒ Š‹‰ ‹ ‡š ‡•• ‘ˆ ʹͷͲͲ ȋƒ—‰Š–‘ǡ ͳͻ͸͸ ƒ† ƒ—‰Š–‘ ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻ͹ͲȌǤ

(11) •’‹–‡‘ˆ–Š‡‰‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ•–—†‹‡•‹–Š‡•‡

(12) •Žƒ†• •–ƒ”–‡† ƒ– –Š‡ ‹‡–‡‡–Š ‡–—”›ǡ „—– –Š‡› ™‡”‡ ”ƒ”‡ †—‡ –‘ –Š‡‹” ‹•‘Žƒ–‡† Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ Š‡•‡•–—†‹‡•™‡”‡‡–‹‘‡†‹ƒ—‡Ž‡–ƒŽǤ ȋͳͻͻ͹Ȍ ƒ† ‹ Ž—†‡† ‘› ȋͳͺͺ͵Ȍǡ ƒ‹•‹ ȋͳͺͺͺȌǡƒ—‡”ȋͳͺͺͺȌǡ ”‡‰‘”›ȋͳͺͻͻȌǡ‘••ƒ– ȋͳͻͲ͹Ȍ ƒ† ‡Ž‹ƒ ȋͳͻͲ͹ȌǤ Š‡ ˆ‹”•– †‡–ƒ‹Ž ‰‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ •–—†› ‘ –Š‡ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(13) •Žƒ† ™ƒ• ƒ””‹‡†‘—–„›‡›†‘—ƒ†‹ Šƒȋͳͻ͹ͲȌǤ•ƒ ”‡•—Ž– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ’‡–”‘Ž‡— ‡š’Ž‘”ƒ–‹‘•ǡ •‘‡ †‡–ƒ‹Ž‡† ƒ† •’‡ ‹ˆ‹  ‰‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ •–—†‹‡• ƒ’’‡ƒ”‡† –‘ ‰‹˜‡ ‡™ ‡™ •–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š‹ ǡ •‡†‹‡Ǧ–‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽƒ†‰‡‘’Š›•‹ ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‹”•‡ ‡– ƒŽǤ ȋͳͻͻ͹Ȍǡ ‘””‹•‘ ‡– ƒŽǤ ȋͳͻͻ͹Ȍƒ†ƒ—‡Ž‡–ƒŽǤȋͳͻͻ͹ȌŠƒ˜‡†‹• —••‡† –Š‡ ‡•‘œ‘‹  ƒ† ƒ”Ž› ‡”–‹ƒ”› ‡˜‘Ž—–‹‘ǡ –Š‡ ”‡–ƒ ‡‘—• •‡“—‡ ‡ •–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š› ƒ† –Š‡ •–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š‹  ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡”–‹ƒ”› ”‘ • ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ Žƒ–ˆ‘” ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‡š’Ž‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ –‹˜‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ •‘‡ ‘’‡”ƒ–‹‰ ‘‹Ž ‘’ƒ‹‡•Ǥ • ƒ”—”‹ ƒ† ‡›†‘— ȋͳͻͻͺȌ †‹• —••‡† –Š‡ Ž‹–Š‘•–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š‹  •—„†‹˜‹•‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ Š‹Š”. ”‘—’ ȋ‡”–‹ƒ”›Ȍ ‹ ‡‡Ǥ — Š ”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡• Šƒ˜‡†‡ƒŽ–™‹–Š–Š‡•–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š›ƒ†•–”— –—”ƒŽ •‡––‹‰Ǥ ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ–Š‡ˆƒ ‹‡• Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹•–‹ •ƒ† ’ƒŽ‡‘‡˜‹”‘‡–• †—”‹‰ ‡”–‹ƒ”› ’‡”‹‘† Šƒ˜‡ ‘– „‡‡ †‡• ”‹„‡† ‘” ‹–‡”’”‡–‡† ‹ †‡–ƒ‹ŽǤ Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ’ƒ’‡” ‹• –‘ †‡ˆ‹‡ ƒ† ƒƒŽ›œ‡ –Š‡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‘ˆ ‡”–‹ƒ”› ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ”‘  —‹–• ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(14) •Žƒ† ƒ† ƒ––‡’– –‘ ‹–‡”’”‡– –Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡–• ™Š‹ Š Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ”‡ˆŽ‡ –‡† –Š‡. . . ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ –Š‘•‡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•Ǥ Š‡ •–—†‹‡† ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ ‹ Ž—†‡• ͷͶ ”‘  •ƒ’Ž‡•Ǥ Š‡› ™‡”‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ˆ”‘ˆ‹˜‡‡š’‘•‡†•‡ –‹‘•‹‘ ‘–”ƒ

(15) •Žƒ†Ǥ Š‡•‡ •‡ –‹‘• ƒ”‡ ƒ„ƒŽ ƒ™ƒ”‹ǡ ƒ†‹ –”‘”ǡ ƒ„ƒŽ ƒ‹›„ƒǡ ƒ†‹ ƒ›Ž‘—œ‡ ƒ† ƒ†‹ ƒ•ƒ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͳȌǤ Š‡•‡ •ƒ’Ž‡• ƒ”‡ „‡Ž‘‰‡† –‘ ƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡ǡ‘ ‡‡ƒ†Ž‹‰‘Ǧ‹‘ ‡‡ƒ‰‡•ƒ† ”‡’”‡•‡– –Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–• ‘ˆ  ‡” ƒ†Š—ƒǡ ƒƒǡ ›†‹ ƒ† —‰Š•ƒ›Ž ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘• ȋ ‹‰ǤʹȌǤ

(16)  ‰‡‡”ƒŽ –Š‡ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ”‘ • ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(17) •Žƒ† ƒ”‡ •—„Œ‡ –‡† –‘ –Š‡ †‹••‘Ž—–‹‘ †—‡ –‘ –Š‡ ‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡ ‘ˆ •‡‹Ǧ–”‘’‹ ƒŽ Ž‹ƒ–‡ ȋŠ‹‰Š–‡’‡”ƒ–—”‡ǡŠ‡ƒ˜›”ƒ‹•†—”‹‰–Š‡”ƒ‹› •‡ƒ•‘•Ȍ ƒ† –Š‡ ‘‹•–—”‡ ƒ–‘•’Š‡”‡Ǣ •‘ ƒ› Š—‰‡ ƒ˜‡• ƒ”‡ ˆ‘”‡† •— Š ƒ• ‘‹ǡ ‘“ƒ†Š‹ ‘„ ƒ˜‡•ȋŽǤ

(18) ǣƒƒ†„ȌǤ GEOLOGIC SETTING. ‡‘Ž‘‰› ‘ˆ ‘ ‘–”ƒ ™ƒ• †‹• —••‡† ‹ †‡–ƒ‹Ž „› ‡›†‘— ƒ† ‹ Šƒ ȋͳͻ͹ͲȌǤ Š‡› †‡• ”‹„‡† –Š‡ ”‘  —‹–• ‘ˆ ‘ ‘–”ƒ ƒ† –Š‡ ‡‹‰Š„‘”‹‰ ‹•Žƒ†•Ǥ

(19)  ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(20) •Žƒ†ǡ Š‡ ƒ‰‰‹‡” ‘—–ƒ‹• ”‡’”‡•‡– –Š‡ Žƒ”‰‡•– „ƒ•‡‡– „Ž‘ •Ǥ Š‡•‡ ”‘ • ‘—– ”‘’’‹‰ ƒŽ•‘ ƒ– ƒ• Šƒ™ƒ̵ƒ„ǡ ƒŽƒ•‹ƒŠǡ ƒ• ƒ†ƒƒŠ ƒ† ƒ• ‘‹ ƒ”‡ƒ• ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͳȌǤ Š‡ ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”›•–ƒŽŽ‹‡ „ƒ•‡‡– ”‘ • ™ƒ• †‡–‡”‹‡† ƒ• ͺʹ͸ ά Ͷͳ ƒȋ‹‡„‡•ǡͳͻ͹͹ȌǤ Š‡ ‘Ž†‡•– •‡†‹‡–ƒ”› ”‘ • ”‡ˆ‡” –‘ –Š‡ ”‹ƒ••‹  ƒ‰‡Ǥ Š‡•‡ ”‘ • — ‘ˆ‘”ƒ„Ž› ‘˜‡”Ž›‹‰ –Š‡ ’‡‡’Žƒ‹‡† „ƒ•‡‡– ”‘ • ƒ– ƒ• ƒŽƒ‰ƒ†ƒ•‘‹ƒ”‡ƒ•ǡ™‹–Š–Š‹ ‡•• ”‡ƒ Š‡•–‘ʹͲͲȋŽǦ‘•ƒ„‹ƒ†ƒ•‡ŽǡʹͲͳͲȌ ȋ ‹‰ǤʹȌǤŠ‡•‡”‘ • ‘•‹•–‘ˆ•ƒ†•–‘‡„‡†• Šƒ‰‡ ‰”ƒ†ƒ–‹‘ƒŽŽ› ˆ”‘ „ƒ•ƒŽ •ƒ†•–‘‡ –Š”‘—‰Š —’‘ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ† ƒ”Ž• —’ ‹–‘ ƒ ˜ƒ”‹‡–›‘ˆ’—”‡” ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ˆƒ ‹‡•ȋƒ—‡Ž‡–ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻ͹ȌǤ ƒ‡” ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻ͹ †ƒ–‡† –Š‡•‡ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ”‘ • ƒ• ‘ƒ” ‹ƒ Ȃ ƒŒ‘ ‹ƒ ƒ‰‡ „ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡”‡ ‘”†‡†ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ•’‡ ‹‡•Ǥ. ͷͻ.

(21)  ‘Šƒ‡†Ǧ

(22) ǡŠ‡†Ǧ. Figure 2. ‡‡”ƒŽ–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š‹  Šƒ”–‘ˆ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(23) •Žƒ†ȋ‘†‹ˆ‹‡†ƒˆ–‡”ƒ—‡Ž‡–ƒŽǤǡͳͻͻ͹Ǣ‹”•‡‡–ƒŽǤǡͳͻͻ͹Ǣ Ž‡‹–ƒ‡–ƒŽǤǡʹͲͲͶǢŽǦ‘•ƒ„‹ƒ†ƒ•‡ŽǡʹͲͳͲȌǤ fekil 2. Socotra AdasÇ’nÇn genelleçtirilmiç stratigrafik kesiti (Samuel vd., 1997; Birse vd. 1997; Fleitmann vd., 2004; Al-Wosabi and Wasel, 2010’dan deºiçtirilerek).. Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ”Ž› ”‡–ƒ ‡‘—• –‘ ‡‘ƒ‹ƒ ȋ‹•Š ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ȍ ”‡•– ‘ –Š‡ „ƒ•‡‡–”‘ •— ‘ˆ‘”ƒ„Ž›‹†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘ˆ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(24) •Žƒ† ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž› ‹ –Š‡ ƒ™‰‡‡† ƒ”‡ƒ ƒ– –Š‡ •‘—–Š ȋ ‹‰•Ǥ ͳ ƒ† ʹȌǤ  ƒ”‡† ƒ‰‡ „”‡ƒ ‹• ƒ’’ƒ”‡– „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ‡‘ƒ‹ƒ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡„‡†•ƒ†‘˜‡”Žƒ‹†‹•–‹ –‹˜‡ͳͲ—‹– . . ‘ˆ ‘†—Žƒ” ’Žƒ–‘‹  ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ”‡ˆ‡” –‘ –Š‡ ƒ’ƒ‹ƒǤ Š‡ ƒ’ƒ‹ƒ ƒ† ƒƒ•–”‹ Š–‹ƒ †‡’‘•‹–• ƒ”‡ ‘ —””‡† ‘Ž› ‘˜‡” –™‘ ƒ”‡ƒ• ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(25) •Žƒ† ƒ† ƒ”‡† Šƒ‰‡ ‹ ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ† †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ ”‡‰‹‡ ȋ‹”•‡ ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻ͹ȌǤ Š‡•‡ †‡’‘•‹–• ‘’”‹•‡ –Š‡ ‹–‡”„‡†‡† Ž‹‡•–‘‡•ƒ†•ŠƒŽ‡•‘ˆ–Š‡—ƒŽŽƒ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ͸Ͳ.

(26)  Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environments of Tertiary Carbonate Sequences in Socotra Island, Yemen. ƒ† –Š‡ ‘”‡ ƒ”‰‹ŽŽƒ ‡‘—• Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ† Žƒ›•–‘‡• ‘ˆ Šƒ”™ƒ› ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ʹȌ ȋ‘””‹•‘‡–ƒŽǤǡͳͻͻ͹ȌǤ Š‡ ƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡ Ȃ ‘ ‡‡ †‡’‘•‹–• ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ‘˜‡”Žƒ›–Š‡”‡–ƒ ‡‘—••–”ƒ–ƒȋƒ—‡Ž‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻ͹ȌǤ Š‡ ‘–ƒ – „‡–™‡‡ ”‡–ƒ ‡‘—• ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡”‘ •ƒ†‘˜‡”Žƒ›‹‰ƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡”‘ • ‹‘ ‘–”ƒ‹•Šƒ”†–‘†‡–‡”‹‡‹–Š‡ˆ‹‡Ž†ǡ„—–‹– ‹• Ž‡ƒ”‹ƒ•Šƒ™ƒ̵ƒ„–Šƒ–‹–‹•”‡’”‡•‡–‡†„› ƒ ƒ‰—Žƒ” — ‘ˆ‘”‹–› ‘–ƒ – ȋ‡›†‘— ƒ† ‹ Šƒǡ ͳͻ͹Ͳ ƒ† ƒ—‡Ž ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻ͹ȌǤ Š‡ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ”‘ • ‘ˆ ƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡ „‡Ž‘‰• –‘ –Š‡ ƒ†Š”ƒƒ™– ”‘—’ ȋ ‡” ƒ†Š—ƒǡ ƒƒ ƒ† ›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘•Ȍ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ʹȌǤ Š‡ Žƒ–‡ Ž‹‰‘ ‡‡ –‘ ƒ”Ž› ‹‘ ‡‡ ”‘ • ‹• Žƒ”‰‡Ž› ”‡•–”‹ –‡†–‘™‡•–‡”‘ ‘–”ƒǤŠ‡Ž‹‰‘Ǧ‹‘ ‡‡ •— ‡••‹‘•‹‘ ‘–”ƒ

(27) •Žƒ†”‡•–— ‘ˆ‘”ƒ„Ž› ‘˜‡”–Š‡„ƒ•‡‡– ”›•–ƒŽŽ‹‡”‘ •ƒ†”‡ƒ Š–‘ ͸ͷ ‹ ƒŽƒ•‹ƒŠ ƒ”‡ƒǤ

(28)  ‰‡‡”ƒŽ –Š‡•‡ ”‘ • †‘‹ƒ–‡ „› ŠƒŽ› „‡††‡† Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ ”‡‡ˆƒŽ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ’ƒ •–‘‡ ƒ† ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡ ˆƒ ‹‡•Ǥ Š‡•‡ ”‘ • „‡Ž‘‰ –‘ Š‹Š” ”‘—’ ȋ—‰Š•ƒ›Ž ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ȍȋ ‹‰ǤʹȌǤ LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY ‹–Š‘•–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š› ‘ˆ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(29) •Žƒ† ‘– †‹• —••‡† ‹ †‡–ƒ‹Žǡ „—– ‡›†‘— ƒ† ‹ Šƒǡ ͳͻ͹Ͳ Šƒ˜‡ ‹–”‘†— ‡† ƒ ‹‹–‹ƒŽ •—„†‹˜‹•‹‘ ˆ‘”–Š‡”‘ —‹–•‘ˆ–Š‡‹•Žƒ†Ǥ‡›†‘—‡–ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻͺ ‘•–”— –‡† ‘’ƒ”‹•‘• ‘ˆ •‘‡ ”‘  —‹–• ‹ –Š‡ ‡‡‹ Žƒ†• ™‹–Š –Š‡‹” ‘—–‡”’ƒ”–• ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ ’Žƒ–ˆ‘” ”‡Ž›‹‰ „ƒ•‡† ‘ ‡›†‘— ƒ† ‹ Šƒǡ ͳͻ͹ͲǢ –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡–Š‡‹–Š‘•–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š‹ •—„†‹˜‹•‹‘‘ˆ ”‘ —‹–•‹‘ ‘–”ƒ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”‡‡†•–‘‰”‡ƒ– ‡ˆˆ‘”–• ˆ‘” ”‡˜‹•‹‰ ƒ† ‹–”‘†— ‹‰ ƒ ‘”†‹‰ –‘–Š‡–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š‹ ”—Ž‡•Ǥ ‡”–‹ƒ”› ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ”‘ • ƒ”‡ ™‹†‡Ž› •’”‡ƒ† ‹ ‡‡ ƒ† –Š‡ ‡‹‰Š„‘”‹‰ ”‡‰‹‘• •— Š ƒ• ‘ƒŽ‹ƒǡ ƒǡ ƒ—†‹ ”ƒ„‹ƒǡ

(30) ”ƒ“ ƒ†

(31) ”ƒǤ ƒ› ”‡•‡ƒ” Š‡”• •–—†‹‡† –Š‡ •–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š› ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ”‘ • •— Š ƒ• „— ‡‹† ƒ† ‘—Šƒ”›ǡ . . ͳͻͺͶǢ ƒ••‘ǡͳͻͺͷǢ‡›†‘—ǡͳͻͻͳǢ‘‰‡”‡–ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻʹǢ ‘‡• ƒ† ƒ ›ǡ ͳͻͻͶǢ Š‹–‡ǡ ͳͻͻͶǢ ƒ‰„‡‹ƒ†•ƒ”—”‹ǡͳͻͻͺǢ‘Ž‹•‡–ƒŽǤǡʹͲͲͷǢ ŽǦ —••‡‹‹ ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ʹͲͳͲ ƒ† ŽǦ‘•ƒ„‹ ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ʹͲͳͳǤ Š‡ ’”‡•‡– ™‘” ‹• ”‡Žƒ–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡”–‹ƒ”› ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ”‘ • ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(32) •Žƒ†Ǥ Š‡•‡ —‹–• ‹ Ž—†‹‰  ‡” ƒ†Š—ƒǡ ƒƒǡ ›†‹ ƒ† —‰Š•ƒ›Ž ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ Š‡ ˆ‹”•– –Š”‡‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘• „‡Ž‘‰ –‘ ƒ†Š”ƒƒ™– ”‘—’ ƒ† †ƒ–‡† ƒ• ƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡ Ǧ ‘ ‡‡ǡ ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ Žƒ––‡” ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™• –Š‡ Š‹Š”. ”‘—’ ƒ† †ƒ–‡† ƒ• Ž‹‰‘ ‡‡Ǧ‹‘ ‡‡ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ʹȌǤ Umm er Radhuma Formation: Š‹• ‘”ƒ–‹‘™ƒ•‹–”‘†— ‡†„›ƒ†‡”ǡͳͻͷʹ‹ —’—„Ž‹•Š‡† †‘ –‘”ƒŽ –Š‡•‹• ȋ‡›†‘— ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻͺȌǤ Š‡ ”‘ • ‘ˆ –Š‹•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ ™‹†‡Ž› •’”‡ƒ† ‹ –Š‡ ”ƒ„‹ƒ ‡‹•—Žƒ ƒ†

(33) ”ƒ“Ǥ

(34) – ƒ„‡ ‘””‡Žƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡•‹‹Žƒ””‘ —‹–•‹ –Š‡ ‡‹‰Š„‘”‹‰ ƒ”‡ƒ• •— Š ƒ• ‘ƒŽ‹Žƒ†• —”ƒ†— ‡”‹‡•Ȍ ƒ†

(35) ”ƒ ȋƒŽ‹Œ‹ǡ ƒ„†‡Š ƒ† ƒŠ”— ‘”ƒ–‹‘•Ȍ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͵ȌǤ

(36)  ‡‡ –Š‹• ”‘  —‹– ”‡’”‡•‡–• –Š‡ ƒ‹ ‡”–‹ƒ”› ”‘  —‹– ‹ –Š‡ ‡ƒ•–‡” ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘—–”›Ǥ

(37) – ‘•‹•–• ƒ‹Ž› ‘ˆ ƒ••‹˜‡ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ †‘Ž‘‹–‹  Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ ƒ”Ž› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ† •‘‡ •ŠƒŽ‡• ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ› ƒ– –Š‡ „ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ

(38)  ‡‡‹ Žƒ†•ǡ –Š‹• ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‘ˆ‘”ƒ„Ž› —†‡”Žƒ‹ ƒ† ‘˜‡”Žƒ‹ „› –Š‡ —ƒŽŽƒ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ†–Š‡„ƒ•ƒŽ•ŠƒŽ‡‘ˆ ‹œƒ̵ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ”‡•’‡ –‹˜‡Ž›Ǥ Š‡ ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• Žƒ–‡ ƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡ Ȃ ƒ”Ž›‘ ‡‡Ǥ

(39)  ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(40) •Žƒ†ǡ  ‡” ƒ†Š—ƒ Ǥ”‡•–•†‹”‡ –Ž›‘–Š‡„ƒ•‡‡–ǡ„—–‹ƒ• Šƒ™ƒ̵ƒ„ ‹– ‘˜‡”Ž‹‡• –Š‡ ”‡–ƒ ‡‘—• ”‘ • „› ƒƒ‰—Žƒ”— ‘ˆ‘”‹–›Ǣ™Š‹Ž‡‹– ‘ˆ‘”ƒ„Ž› —†‡”Ž‹‡•–Š‡—• ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Dammam Formation:Š‹•”‘ —‹–• ™ƒ• •—‰‰‡•–‡† „› ”ƒƒ’ ȋͳͻͶͳȌ ‹ ͸ͳ.

(41)  ‘Šƒ‡†Ǧ

(42) ǡŠ‡†Ǧ. —’—„Ž‹•Š‡† ”‡’‘”– –‘ †‡• ”‹„‡ –Š‡ •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ ™ƒ–‡” •Š‡Žˆ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡• ‹–‡”„‡††‡† ™‹–Š ƒ”Ž› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ „‡†• ‹ –Š‡ ‡ƒ•–‡” ’ƒ”–• ‘ˆ ƒ—†‹ ”ƒ„‹ƒǤ ƒƒ Ǥ ‹• ™‹†‡Ž› •’”‡ƒ† –Š”‘—‰Š‘—– –Š‡ ”ƒ„‹ƒ ‡‹•—Žƒ ƒ†

(43) ”ƒ“ ƒ† ƒ„‡ ‘””‡Žƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡‡“—‹˜ƒŽ‡–”‘  —‹–••— Šƒ•ƒ”ƒ”‡”‹‡•‹‘ƒŽ‹Žƒ†•ƒ† ƒ††ƒŽƒ ƒ† ƒŠ”— ‘”ƒ–‹‘• ‹

(44) ”ƒ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͵ȌǤ ƒ—‡Ž ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻ͹ —•‡† –Š‡ ƒ‡ ̶ƒƒ̶–‘†‡• ”‹„‡–Š‡ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡”‘ •‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(45) •Žƒ†ǡ™Š‹ Š”‡•– ‘ˆ‘”ƒ„Ž›‘–Š‡ —• ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ† ‘ˆ‘”ƒ„Ž›—†‡”Žƒ‹–Š‡ ›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‡ ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ”‘  —‹– ‹• ‹††Ž‡Ȃ’’‡”‘ ‡‡ȋ‘—Šƒ”›‡–ƒŽǤǡʹͲͲͷȌǤ Aydim Formation: Š‡ ›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ™ƒ• ‹–”‘†— ‡† „› Žƒ–‡Ž ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͺ͹ –‘ †‡• ”‹„‡ –Š‡ —’’‡” ‘ ‡‡ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ‹›†‹ƒ”‡ƒǡŠ—ˆƒ”ǡ—Ž–ƒƒ–‡‘ˆƒǤŠ‡ ƒ‰‡‘ˆ–Š‹•”‘ —‹–‹•ƒ–‡‘ ‡‡ȋ ‘‡•ƒ† ƒ ‡›ǡ ͳͻͻͶ ƒ† ƒ ‡›ǡ ͳͻͻͶȌǤ ›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘•‹•–•ƒ‹Ž›‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡––›’‡•‘ˆ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ȋƒ”Ž› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ —†•–‘‡• ƒ† ˆ‘••‹Ž‹ˆ‡”‘—•Ž‹‡•–‘‡ȌǤŠ‹•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ —”• ‹‡ƒ•–‡”’ƒ”–•‘ˆ‘ ‘–”ƒƒ†ƒ‹Ž› ‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ ƒ”Ž› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ —†•–‘‡ ƒ†. ˆ‘••‹Ž‹ˆ‡”‘—• ™ƒ ‡Ȁ’ƒ •–‘‡ ˆƒ ‹‡•Ǥ Š‹• ”‘  —‹– ƒ „‡ ‘””‡Žƒ–‡† ™‹–Š ƒ”ƒ” ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‘ƒŽ‹ƒȋ ‹‰Ǥ͵ȌǤ Mughsayl Formation:

(46) – ™ƒ• ‹–”‘†— ‡† „› Žƒ–‡Ž ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͺ͹ –‘ †‡• ”‹„‡ –Š‡ Ž‹‰‘ ‡‡Ǧ‹‘ ‡‡ ƒŽ ƒ”‡‘—• –—”„‹†‹–‡• ™Š‹ Š ˆ‹ŽŽ‡† –Š‡ ƒ””‘™ †‘™Ǧˆƒ—Ž–‡† ‘ƒ•–ƒŽ „ƒ•‹ ‹ ƒ›•—– „‡ƒ Šǡ Š—ˆƒ” ƒ”‡ƒǡ —Ž–ƒƒ–‡ ‘ˆ ƒǤ

(47)  ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(48) •Žƒ†ǡ –Š‹• ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‘—– ”‘’’‹‰ ‹ –Š‡ ™‡•– ƒ”‡ƒ• ƒ”‘—† ƒŽƒ•‹ƒŠ ”‡‰‹‘Ǥ

(49) – — ‘ˆ‘”ƒ„Ž› ‘˜‡”Ž‹‡• –Š‡ ƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡Ǧ‘ ‡‡ ”‘ • ‹ –Š‡ ™‡•–‡” ’ƒ”–• ‘ˆ ‘ ‘–”ƒ ƒ† ‘ˆ‘”ƒ„Ž› ‘˜‡”‡† „› –Š‡—ƒ–‡”ƒ”›†‡’‘•‹–•Ǥ

(50) –Š‡•‘—–Š‡”’ƒ”–• ‘ˆ ‡‡ǡ –Š‹• ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ› „‡ ‘’ƒ”‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ —ƒŽŽƒȂ ƒ›Š—– Ž‹‰‘ ‡‡Ǧ‡‘‰‡‡ „ƒ•‹ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͵ȌǤ —‰Š•ƒ›Ž ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ „‡ ‘””‡Žƒ–‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡“—‹˜ƒŽ‡– ”‘  —‹–• ‹ ‡‹‰Š„‘”‹‰ ”‡‰‹‘• •— Š ƒ• ƒ‰ƒ ‡„ƒ”ǡ —‰Š•ƒ›Ž ǡ ƒ†”—Š ǡ •ƒ”‹ ‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ† —’Š”ƒ–‡•ǡ Š‹„ƒ ƒ† ‡”‹„‡ ‘”ƒ–‹‘• ‹ ‘ƒŽ‹Žƒǡ ƒǡ ƒ—†‹ ”ƒ„‹ƒǡ

(51) ”ƒ ƒ†

(52) ”ƒ“ǡ ”‡•’‡ –‹˜‡Ž›ȋ ‹‰Ǥ͵ȌǤ . Figure 3.‘””‡Žƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡•–—†‹‡†”‘ —‹–•‹‘ ‘–”ƒ

(53) •Žƒ†ƒ†‡‹‰Š„‘—”‹‰”‡‰‹‘•ȋˆ–‡”‡›†‘—ǡ ͳͻͻͳȌǤ fekil 3. Socotra AdasÇ ve civarÇndaki bölgelerde çalÇçÇlan kaya birimlerinin karçÇlaçtÇrÇlmasÇ (Beydoun,1991’den sonra).. . . ͸ʹ.

(54)  Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environments of Tertiary Carbonate Sequences in Socotra Island, Yemen. FACIES ASSOCIATIONS AND ENVIRONMENTS Š‹ •‡ –‹‘• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† •ƒ’Ž‡• ™‡”‡ ’”‡’ƒ”‡† ƒ† •–ƒ‹‡† –‘ ‡šƒ‹‡ ƒ† †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒ–‡ „‡–™‡‡ –Š‡ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ‹‡”ƒŽ• ‹ –Š‡‡”–‹ƒ”›”‘ •Ǥ–—†›‹‰–Š‡•‡–Š‹•‡ –‹‘•‹• ƒ””‹‡† ‘—– –‘ †‡–‡ – –Š‡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ† –Š‡ ‹–‡”’”‡––Š‡’ƒŽ‡‘‡˜‹”‘‡–•Ǥ Š‡ ƒ†‘’–‡† Žƒ••‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘ Š‡”‡ ‹• –Šƒ– ’”‘’‘•‡†„›—Šƒȋͳͻ͸ʹȌǡ™Š‹ Š‹•„ƒ•‡†‘ –Š‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒŽ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ –‡š–—”‡ ‘ˆ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ”‘ •Ǥ ƒ ‹‡• –Šƒ– ƒ”‡ †‡ˆ‹‡† ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• –Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–•‹‡ƒ Šˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘™‹ŽŽ „‡†‹•’Žƒ›‡†„ƒ•‡†‘‹Ž•‘ǡͳͻ͹ͷǤ. Š‡ Ž‹‡Ǧ—†•–‘‡• ˆƒ ‹‡• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ †‡’‘•‹–‡† ‹ ƒ ‡ƒ”•Š‘”‡ ”‡•–”‹ –‡† Žƒ‰‘‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ”‹‡† ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ •Š‡Žˆǡ —†‡” “—‹‡– ™ƒ–‡”ǡ •ŠƒŽŽ‘™†‡’–Šƒ†’‘‘” ‹” —Žƒ–‹‘ƒ•‡˜‹†‡ ‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ˆ‹‡Ǧ‰”ƒ‹‡† ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” •‡†‹‡–• ƒ†–Š‡–›’‡ƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•˜‡”›Ž‘™†‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡ ˆƒ—ƒ•Ǥ  ‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‹Ž•‘ǡ ͳͻ͹ͷǡ –Š‹• ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ„‡ ‘’ƒ”‡†™‹–Š–Š‡–ƒ†ƒ”† ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•ȋ Ȍ‘Ǥʹʹǡ™Š‹ Š™‡”‡†‡’‘•‹–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• œ‘‡ ‘ǤͺǤ ̶”‡•–”‹ –‡† ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”̶ ȋ ‹‰•ǤͶƒ†ͷȌǤ. 1- UMM ER RADHUMA FORMATION Š‡‡”ƒ†Š—ƒ Ǥ‹•‘—– ”‘’’‹‰‹˜ƒ•– ƒ”‡ƒ•‘ˆ–Š‡‘ ‘–”ƒ

(55) •Žƒ†ȋ ‹‰ǤͳȌǤŠ‡‘—– ”‘’• ‘ˆ–Š‹•ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘”‡’”‡•‡–‹–•—’’‡”’ƒ”–™Š‹ Š ™ƒ• †ƒ–‡† ƒ• Žƒ–‡ ƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡ ƒ‰‡ Ȃ ƒ”Ž› ‘ ‡‡ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ʹȌǤ

(56)  –Š‹• •–—†›ǡ •ƒ’Ž‡• ™‡”‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ„ƒŽ ƒ™ƒ”‹ȋͳʹι͵ͻƲͷͻǯǯǡͷͶιͲ͵ƲͷͻǯǯȌ ƒ†ƒ†‹–”‘”ƒ”‡ƒȋͳʹι͵ͲƲʹʹǯǯǡͷ͵ιͶͳƲʹ͵ǯǯ ȌȋŽǤ

(57) ǣ ƒ††ƒ†ˆ‹‰•ǤͶƒ†ͷȌǤŠ‡–Š‹ ‡•• ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ •‡ –‹‘• ‹• Ͷͷ ƒ† ͳʹ͹ ƒ– Ǥ ƒ™ƒ”‹ ƒ†Ǥ–”‘””‡•’‡ –‹˜‡Ž›Ǥ ‘—”‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•™‡”‡ ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†ƒ††‡• ”‹„‡†ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ I) Mudstone Microfacies Š‹•ˆƒ ‹‡•†‹•–”‹„—–‡†–Š”‘—‰Š†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Ž‡˜‡Ž•‹ –Š‡ •–—†‹‡† •‡ –‹‘•Ǥ

(58) – ‡†‹ƒ–‡† –Š‡ ƒ™ƒ”‹ •‡ –‹‘ ™‹–Š ƒ ‘•‹†‡”‡† –Š‹ ‡•• —’ –‘ ͳ͵ǡ ™Š‡”‡ ‹– ‹• †‹•–”‹„—–‡† ‹ Ǥ –”‘” •‡ –‹‘ ‹ ƒ› Ž‡˜‡Ž• ™‹–Š ƒ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –Š‹ ‡•• ȋ ‹‰•Ǥ Ͷ ƒ† ͷȌǤ ‹‡ —†•–‘‡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹  ‡” ƒ†Š—ƒ ‘”ƒ–‹‘‹• Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡†‹‘—– ”‘’• „› ‹–• Ž‹‰Š– ‰”ƒ› ƒ† ›‡ŽŽ‘™‹•Š ‘Ž‘” ƒ† ‘†‡”ƒ–‡Ž› Šƒ”†Ǥ ‡–”‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ

(59) – •Š‘™• ƒ Š‹‰Š ’‡” ‡–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ —† ”‡ƒ Š –‘ ͻ͹Ψ ƒ† ”ƒ”‡ ’”‡•‡– ‘ˆ „‡–Š‹  ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒ ƒ† •‘‡ •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ†‡„”‹•ȋŽǤ

(60) ǣ‡ƒ†ˆȌǤ . . Figure 4. ‹–Š‘Ž‘‰‹  Ž‘‰ǡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡–• ‘ˆ ‡”ƒ†Š—ƒˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ– ƒ„ƒŽ ƒ™ƒ”‹Ǥ fekil 4. Jabal Hawari’deki Umm er Radhuma formasyonunun litolojik logu, mikrofasiyes topluluºu ve çökel ortamÇnÇn daºÇlÇmÇ.. ͸͵.

(61)  ‘Šƒ‡†Ǧ

(62) ǡŠ‡†Ǧ. II) Dolomitic Fossiliferous Mudstone/ Wackestone Microfacies Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• ‘– ƒ ‘‘ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹ –Š‡ ‡”ƒ†Š—ƒ•‡“—‡ ‡‘ˆ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(63) •Žƒ†Ǥ

(64) – ™ƒ• ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ‹ •‘‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–—†‹‡† •‡ –‹‘•ȋ ‹‰•ǤͶƒ†ͷȌǤ

(65) ‘—– ”‘’•ǡ–Š‡•‡”‘ • ƒ”‡ „”‘™‹•Š –‘ ”‡††‹•Šǡ ‘†‡”ƒ–‡Ž› –‘ •‘Ž‹† Šƒ”†Ǥ

(66) – ƒ‹Ž› ‘’‘•‡† ‘ˆ ˆ‹‡ –‘ ‡†‹— ‰”ƒ‹‡† „‹‘ Žƒ•–• ‡„‡††‡† ‹ ‹ ”‹–‹  ƒ–”‹šǤ. ”ƒ‹• ƒ”‡ ‘†‡”ƒ–‡Ž› •‘”–‡† ƒ† ‘– ‘”‹‡–‡†Ǥ ‹ ”‹–‡ ‹• ”‡ ”›•–ƒŽŽ‹œ‡† ‹–‘ •’ƒ””› ƒŽ ‹–‡ ƒ† •’ƒ”‹–‡Ǥ ‹‡ –‘ ‡†‹— ‰”ƒ‹‡† †‘Ž‘‹–‡ ”Š‘„• • ƒ––‡” ‹ –Š‡ •ƒ’Ž‡ ‹†‹ ƒ–‹‰ ‘ •‡Ž‡ –‹˜‡ †‘Ž‘‹–‹œƒ–‹‘ ™‹–Š ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ •‘‡ •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ‰”ƒ‹••— Šƒ•ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ–‡•–•ȋŽǤ

(67) ǣ‰ ƒ†ŠȌǤŠ‹•ˆƒ ‹‡•›‹‡Ž†•ƒˆ‡™• ƒ––‡”‡††‡„”‹•‘ˆ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡ǡ ‡ Š‹‘‹† ƒ† ‰ƒ•–”‘’‘† ȋ ‹‰•Ǥ Ͷ ƒ† ͷȌǤ ‹š‹‰ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‰”‘—† ™ƒ–‡” ™‹–Š –Š‡ ƒ”‹‡ ™ƒ–‡” ƒ– –Š‹• ‡ƒ”Ž› †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ •–ƒ‰‡ ƒ› ‡š’Žƒ‹ –Š‡ Ž‘•‡ ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ †‘Ž‘‹–‡ ”Š‘„• ™‹–Š –Š‡ ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡ ˆƒ ‹‡•Ǥ —†•–‘‡• Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ƒ ——Žƒ–‡†‹ƒ‘’‡Žƒ‰‘‘”‡‰‹‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† ‘ ƒ ”‹‡† ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ •Š‡ŽˆǤ Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ –‘‘ ’Žƒ ‡ ‹ •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ ™ƒ–‡”• ™‹–Š ƒ˜‡”ƒ‰‡ †‡’–Š ‘ˆ ƒ„‘—– ͷǦͳͲ ǡ ƒ„‘˜‡ ‘”ƒŽ ™ƒ˜‡ „ƒ•‡Ǥ Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ƒ† †‹˜‡”•‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ‰”ƒ‹• –‘‰‡–Š‡” ™‹–Š –Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ †‡„”‹• ”‡ˆŽ‡ – †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ —†‡” ‘”ƒŽ ƒ”‹‡ •ƒŽ‹‹–›ǡ ‘†‡”ƒ–‡Ž› –‘ “—‹–‡ ƒ‰‹–ƒ–‡† ‘†‹–‹‘•Ǥ  ‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‹Ž•‘ ͳͻ͹ͷǡ ‹– ‹• ’‘••‹„Ž‡ –‘ ‘’ƒ”‡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”† ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•ͳͻ™Š‹ Š™‡”‡†‡’‘•‹–‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡ ˆƒ ‹‡•œ‘‡ͺ•Š‡Žˆ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ‹” —Žƒ–‡†’Žƒ–ˆ‘” ȋ ‹‰•ǤͶƒ†ͷȌǤ III) Fossiliferous Wackestone Microfacies. Figure 5. ‹–Š‘Ž‘‰‹  Ž‘‰ǡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘‡–• ‘ˆ ‡”ƒ†Š—ƒˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ–ƒ†‹–”‘”Ǥ fekil. . 5.. Wadi Atror’daki Umm er Radhuma formasyonunun litolojik logu, mikrofasiyes topluluºu ve çökel ortamÇnÇn daºÇlÇmÇ.. . Š‡ ˆ‘••‹Ž‹ˆ‡”‘—• ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡• ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ‘•– ƒ„—†ƒ– ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• –›’‡ ‹ –Š‡  ‡” ƒ†Š—ƒ ‹–Š‡•–—†‹‡†•‡ –‹‘•ȋ ‹‰•ǤͶƒ† ͷȌǤ

(68) –‹•†‹•–”‹„—–‡†‹†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Ž‡˜‡Ž•™‹–Šƒ‰”ƒ‹ ’‡” ‡–ƒ‰‡ ”‡ƒ Š –‘ ͵ͲΨ ‹ —† ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽǤ Š‡ ”‘ • ‘ˆ –Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ”‡ ›‡ŽŽ‘™‹•Š –‘ „”‘™‹•Š ͸Ͷ.

(69)  Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environments of Tertiary Carbonate Sequences in Socotra Island, Yemen. ‘Ž‘”ǡ ‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡†ǡ ‘ƒ”•‡ –‘ ‡†‹— ‰”ƒ‹‡†Ǥ Š‡ ˆ‘••‹Ž‹ˆ‡”‘—• ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡• ƒ”‡ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡† „›–Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆ†‹˜‡”•‡ˆƒ—ƒŽƒ••‡„Žƒ‰‡•‘ˆ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡ǡ ‡ Š‹‘†‡”ǡ ‘”ƒŽŽ‹‡ ƒŽ‰ƒ‡ǡ ‰ƒ•–”‘’‘†ǡ ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒǡ‘•–”ƒ ‘†ƒƒ†„”›‘œ‘ƒǤŠ‡›”ƒ‰‡ ‹•‹œ‡—’–‘•‡˜‡”ƒŽ‹ŽŽ‹‡–‡”•Ǥ‡Ž‡–ƒŽ†‡„”‹• ‘ˆ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡ ƒ† ‡ Š‹‘†‡” ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ‘•– ’”‘‹‡– •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹ Ž‡•Ǥ ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ ƒ••‡„Žƒ‰‡• ƒ”‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† „› ‡š–—Žƒ”‹‹ƒǡ ‹Ž‹‘Ž‹ƒ ƒ† Žƒ”‰‡” ˆ‘”ƒ• •— Š ƒ• Nummulites sppǤǡLacazinasp. cf. blumenthali‹ Š‡Žƒ†‹‰ƒŽ ƒ†Daviesina khatiahi‘—–ȋŽ

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(71) ǣƒǡ„ǡ ƒ††ȌǤ ‡’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• –‘‘ ’Žƒ ‡ —†‡” ‘†‡”ƒ–‡Ž›ƒ‰‹–ƒ–‡†™ƒ–‡” ‘†‹–‹‘•ǡƒ„‘˜‡ˆƒ‹” ™‡ƒ–Š‡” ™ƒ˜‡ „ƒ•‡Ǥ ƒ‹” ‹” —Žƒ–‹‘ ‹• ƒŽ•‘ ‘ˆ‹”‡†„›–Š‡‹ ”‡ƒ•‹‰”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡ Š‹‘†‡” ƒ†„‡–Š‹ ‹–Š‡•‡†‹‡–•Ǥ ƒ•‡†‘‹Ž•‘ǡͳͻ͹ͷǡ Žò‰‡Žǡͳͻͺʹƒ† ʹͲͲͶǡ Š‡ ˆ‘••‹Ž‹ˆ‡”‘—• ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡• ƒ „‡ ‘’ƒ”‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡   ‘Ǥ ͳͺǡ ™Š‹ Š ™ƒ• †‡’‘•‹–‡† ‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• œ‘‡ ‘Ǥ ͺ ‹ ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”„‡Ž–ȋ ‹‰•ǤͶƒ†ͷȌǤ IV) Packstone Microfacies ƒ •–‘‡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ”‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† ‹ –Š‡ •–—†‹‡† •‡ –‹‘• ‘ˆ  ‡” ƒ†Š—ƒ  ƒ– •‡˜‡”ƒŽ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‹ ƒ†‹ –”‘” ƒ”‡ƒǤ Š‡› ƒ”‡ —•—ƒŽŽ›–Š‹ „‡††‡†ȋͷǦͳʹȌȋ ‹‰ǤͷȌǤ ‡–”‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ –™‘ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ’ƒ •–‘‡ Žƒ••‡•ƒ”‡†‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡†„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡ ’‡” ‡–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹ Ž‡• ƒ† ƒŽŽ‘ Š‡•Ǣ –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ ’ƒ •–‘‡ ƒ† ’‡Ž‘‹†ƒŽ „‹‘ Žƒ•–‹  ’ƒ •–‘‡Ǥ Š‡ ”‡ ‘”†‡† •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹ Ž‡• ƒ”‡ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡•ǡ ‡ Š‹‘‹†• ƒ† †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ ˆ‘”• •— Š ƒ• Alveolinaǡ Saudella ƒ† Lockhartia •’‡ ‹‡• ȋŽǤ

(72)

(73) ǣ ‡ ƒ† ˆȌǤ ‹˜ƒŽ˜‡ •Š‡ŽŽ ˆ”ƒ‰‡–• ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ‘•– ‘‘Ǥ ‘‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡•‡ ˆ”ƒ‰‡–• ƒ”‡ †‹••‘Ž˜‡† ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‘—Ž†• ƒ”‡ˆ‹ŽŽ‡†™‹–Š•’ƒ”‹–‡ƒ†‹ ”‹–‹ ƒ–”‹šǤ–Š‡” ”‡ƒ‹• ƒ”‡ ‡‘‘”’Š‘•‡† –‘ ƒŽ ‹–‡ •’ƒ” ‘” ‘’Ž‡–‡Ž› ‹ ”‹–‹œ‡† –‘ Ž‹‡Ǧ—†Ǥ  Š‹‘‹†ƒŽ ’Žƒ–‡• ƒ”‡ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡† ƒ• •‹‰Ž‡ ”›•–ƒŽ• ™‹–Š . . —‹ˆ‘” ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ‘Ž‘”• ƒ† Ž‘ ƒŽŽ› ”‹‡† „›•›–ƒš‹ƒŽ ƒŽ ‹–‡‘˜‡”‰”‘™–ŠǤ Š‹‘‹†•’‹‡• ƒ”‡ ”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡† „› –Š‡‹” ”ƒ†‹ƒŽ •–”— –—”‡Ǥ ‡–Š‘‹  ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒ ƒ”‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† „› †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ •’‡ ‹‡•Ǥ ‘Ǧ•‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹ Ž‡• ƒ”‡ ‘•–Ž› ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† „› ’‡ŽŽ‡–• ƒ† ˆ‡™ ‘‘‹† ‰”ƒ‹• ȋŽǤ

(74)

(75) ǣ ‰ȌǤ ŽŽ ‘’‘‡–• ƒ”‡ Œ‘‹–‡† –‘‰‡–Š‡” „› ‰”ƒ—Žƒ” •’ƒ””› ƒŽ ‹–‡ ‡‡–Ǥ Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ ”‡ƒŽ ‘ˆ ’ƒ •–‘‡ ˆƒ ‹‡•™ƒ•”‡•–”‹ –‡†•Š‡ŽˆŽƒ‰‘‘•™Š‡•‡Ž‡–ƒŽ †‡„”‹•™‡”‡†‡”‹˜‡†ˆ”‘‡ƒ”„›•Š‘ƒŽƒ”‡ƒ•‘” ”‡‡ˆ• –‘ •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ ‡˜‹”‘‡–Ǥ Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ „”‘‡•‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ‘’‘‡–•ƒ†’Žƒƒ”„‡††‹‰• ”‡ˆŽ‡ –Š‹‰Š–‹†ƒŽ —””‡–•ƒ†™ƒ˜‡ƒ –‹˜‹–›ǤŠ‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ™ƒ• ˆ‘”‡† ‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• œ‘‡ ‘Ǥ ͸ ƒ† ‘””‡Žƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡ ‘Ǥͳʹ‘ˆ‹Ž•‘ǡͳͻ͹ͷ ȋ ‹‰ǤͷȌǤ 2- DAMMAM FORMATION ƒƒ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡† ‹ ƒ› ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘ˆ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(76) •Žƒ† Ž›‹‰ ƒ„‘˜‡ –Š‡  ‡” ƒ†Š—ƒ ”‘ •Ǥ

(77) – ”‡’”‡•‡–• –Š‡ Ž‘™‡” ‘ ‡‡ ƒ‰‡ ‹ –Š‡ ‹•Žƒ†Ǥ ƒ’Ž‡• ™‡”‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ„ƒŽ ƒ‹›„ƒȋͳʹι͵ͺƲͲ͸ǯǯǡͷ͵ιͷ͹ƲͲͶǯǯȌȋŽǤ

(78)

(79) ǣ Šƒ† ‹‰•Ǥͳǡʹƒ†͸ȌǤŠ‡ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™‹‰‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ™‡”‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†Ǥ I) Marly Limestone Facies Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• ”‡ ‘”†‡† ‹ –Š‡ Ž‘™‡” ƒ† —’’‡” Š‘”‹œ‘•‹ƒƒ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ– ƒ„ƒŽ ƒ‹›„ƒ •‡ –‹‘ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͸ȌǤ

(80) – ƒ†‡ —’ ‘ˆ Žƒ•–‹  ƒ† ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ• ™Š‹ Š ‹ Ž—†‹‰ •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ‰”ƒ‹•†‹•–”‹„—–‡†‹‹ ”‹–‹ ƒ–”‹šǤŠ‡•‡”‘ • ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• –‡† –‘ „‡ ˆ”‹ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ •‡‹Ǧ ‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡†ǡ ‰”‡‡ –‘ ’ƒŽ‡ ‰”‡› ‘Ž‘” ™‹–Š ƒ –Š‹ ‡•• ”‡ƒ Š‡• –‘ ͳͲ ȋŽǤ

(81)

(82)

(83) ǣ ƒȌǤ Š‡ ‹˜‡”–‡„”ƒ–‡ˆ‘••‹Ž•ƒ”‡Žƒ‰‘‘ƒŽˆƒ—ƒ‹ Ž—†‹‰ ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ –‡•–•ǡ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡•ǡ ‘•–”ƒ ‘†• ƒ† ‰ƒ•–”‘’‘†•Ǥ ‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ‰”ƒ‹• ƒ”‡ • ƒ––‡”‡† ƒ† ’‘‘”Ž›•‘”–‡†Ǥ ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ–‡•–• ‘•‹•–‘•–Ž› ‘ˆ–‡š–—Žƒ”‹‹‡•ƒ†‹Ž‹‘Ž‘‹†‡•ȋŽǤ

(84)

(85)

(86) ǣ„ƒ† ȌǤ ͸ͷ.

(87)  ‘Šƒ‡†Ǧ

(88) ǡŠ‡†Ǧ. ‘’ƒ”‹‰ –Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ™‹–Š –Š‘•‡ ™Š‹ Š ’”‘’‘•‡†„›‹Ž•‘ǡͳͻ͹ͷǡ‹–•‹‹Žƒ”–‘–Š‡  ‘Ǥʹʹ™Š‹ Š™ƒ•†‡’‘•‹–‡†‹ƒ“—‹‡– Ž‘•‡†ǡŽ‘™ ‡‡”‰›ǡ’”‘–‡ –‡†Ž‘™‹–‡”–‹†ƒŽˆŽƒ–”‡™ƒ”†‘ˆƒ •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ƒ”‹‡Žƒ‰‘‘™‹–Š‹–Š‡ˆƒ ‹‡•œ‘‡‘Ǥ ͺ̶”‡•–”‹ –‡†’Žƒ–ˆ‘”̶ȋ ‹‰Ǥ͸ȌǤ. Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ —””‡† †—”‹‰ ƒ ’‡”‹‘†‘ˆ•–‡ƒ†›•‡†‹‡–•—’’Ž›–‘–Š‡„‡ƒ Š „› ƒ †”ƒ‹ƒ‰‡ •›•–‡ ‘”‹‰‹ƒ–‡† —†‡” ‘†‡”ƒ–‡ –‘ Š‹‰Š –‹†ƒŽ ”ƒ‰‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ’Žƒ–ˆ‘” ‹ ƒ”‡ƒ• ‘ˆ Žƒ”‰‡ •—’’Ž› ‘ˆ †‡–”‹–—•ƒ†Š‹‰Š–‹†ƒŽ —””‡–•ǤŠ‡‘„‹Ž‹–›‘ˆ –Š‡ •—„•–”ƒ–‡ ‹ –Š‹• Š‹‰Š ‡‡”‰› ‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ› ’”‡˜‡–• ˆƒ—ƒŽ ‘Ž‘‹œƒ–‹‘ ƒ† –Š‹• ‡š’Žƒ‹• –Š‡ƒ„•‡ ‡‘ˆˆ‘••‹Ž”‡ƒ‹•‹–Š‹•ˆƒ ‹‡•Ǥ. II) Sandy Limestone Microfacies Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• ‘ˆ ”ƒ–Š‡” ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ƒ† ƒ””‘™ ‡š–‡•‹‘Ǥ

(89) – ‘Žƒ’• ƒ† ’‹ Š ‘—– ‘ –Š‡ Ž‘™‡” ‘ ‡‡ ƒ”Ž› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ‹ ƒ„ƒŽ ƒ‹›„ƒǤ

(90) – ‘’‘•‡† ‘ˆ ƒ„‘—– ʹǤͷǡ „”‘™‹•Š –‘ ›‡ŽŽ‘™ ‘Ž‘” •ƒ†› Ž‹‡•–‘‡Ǥ ‘ ƒŽŽ› ‹– ‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ • ƒ––‡”‡†‡†‹—–‘ ‘ƒ”•‡•—„Ǧƒ‰—Žƒ”–‘•—„Ǧ ”‘—†‡†ǡ „ƒ†Ž› •‘”–‡† “—ƒ”–œ ‰”ƒ‹• ‡„‡††‡† ‹Ž‹‡—†ȋŽǤ

(91)

(92)

(93) ǣ†ȌǤŠ‡’Š›•‹ ƒŽ’”‘’‡”–‹‡•‘ˆ “—ƒ”–œ‰”ƒ‹•”‡ˆŽ‡ –”‡Žƒ–‹˜‡Ž›•Š‘”––”ƒ•’‘”–‡† †‹•–ƒ ‡Ǥ. III) Fossiliferous Wackestone Microfacies Š‹•ˆƒ ‹‡•‹•ƒ‹Ž› ‘’‘•‡†‘ˆˆ‹‡–‘ ‘ƒ”•‡ ‰”ƒ‹‡† „‹‘ Žƒ•–• ‡„‡††‡† ‹ ‹ ”‹–‹  ƒ–”‹šǤ. ”ƒ‹•ƒ”‡‘–‘”‹‡–‡†ƒ†’‘”‘•‹–›‹•Ž‘™ǤŠ‡ ‘••‹Ž‹ˆ‡”‘—•™ƒ ‡•–‘‡•‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•ƒ”‡‘•– ƒ„—†ƒ– ‹ ƒƒ  ƒ† –Š‡› ƒ”‡ ”‡ ‘”†‡†ˆ”‘†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–Š‘”‹œ‘•‘ˆ–Š‡•–—†‹‡† •‡ –‹‘ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͸ȌǤ Š‡•‡ ”‘ • ƒ”‡ „”‘™ ƒ† ‘†‡”ƒ–‡Ž› Šƒ”†Ǥ ‡ ‘‰‹œƒ„Ž‡ ˆƒ—ƒ• ƒ”‡ ’”‡•‡–ƒ†‡„‡††‡†‹ƒŠ‹‰Š’‡” ‡–ƒ‰‡‘ˆ ‹ ”‹–‡ ƒ–”‹š ”‡ƒ Š –‘ ͹ͷΨǤ ‡Ž‡–ƒŽ †‡„”‹•ǡ ™‹–Š –Š‡ ‡š ‡’–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒŽ ‹–‹  ƒ”‡ Ž‡ƒ Š‡† ’”‘„ƒ„Ž› „› ‡–‡‘”‹  ‰”‘—†™ƒ–‡” ˆ‘”‹‰ ‘—Ž† ƒ˜‹–‹‡•Ǥ Š‡ ‘—Ž† ƒ˜‹–‹‡• ƒ”‡ ‹ˆ‹ŽŽ‡† „› †”—•› ƒŽ ‹–‡ ™‹–Š ”›•–ƒŽ •‹œ‡ ‹ ”‡ƒ•‡• ƒ™ƒ› ˆ”‘ ƒ˜‹–› ™ƒŽŽǤ Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ ƒ••‡„Žƒ‰‡ ‹• †‘‹ƒ–‡† „› Textularia spǤǡ Triloculina spǤƒ†Alveolina sp.ȋŽǤ

(94)

(95)

(96) ǣ‡ǡˆƒ† ‰ȌǤ Š‡ ƒ–”‹š „‡–™‡‡ ‰”ƒ‹• ‹• Ž‹‡ —† ™Š‹ Š‹•’ƒ”–‹ƒŽŽ›•–ƒ‹‡†™‹–Š‹”‘Ǧ‘š‹†‡•’‘–• ƒ†’ƒ– Š‡•Ǥ.  Figure 6. ‹–Š‘Ž‘‰‹  Ž‘‰ǡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ†‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘Ǧ‡–•‘ˆ ƒƒˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ– ƒ„ƒŽ ƒ‹›„ƒǤ fekil. . 6.. Jabal Haiybak’daki Umm er Dammam formasyonunun litolojik logu, mikrofasiyes topluluºu ve çökel ortamÇnÇn daºÇlÇmÇ.. . Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡† „› –Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ †‹˜‡”•‡ ˆƒ—ƒŽ ƒ••‡„Žƒ‰‡• ‘ˆ ‰ƒ•–”‘’‘†•ǡ ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒ ƒ† ‘•–”ƒ ‘†• ƒ† ƒ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ„Ž‡ ƒ‘—– ‘ˆ „”‘‡ •Š‡ŽŽ•Ǥ Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ™ƒ• †‡’‘•‹–‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”„‡Ž–̶ˆƒ ‹‡•œ‘‡‘Ǥͺ̶‘ˆ‹Ž•‘ͳͻ͹ͷ ƒ†•‹‹Žƒ”–‘–Š‡ ‘ǤͳͺǤȋ ‹‰Ǥ͸ȌǤ IV) Packstone Microfacies Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• ”ƒ–Š‡” ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ƒ† ƒ””‘™ ‡š–‡•‹‘ ƒ† ‹– Šƒ• „‡‡ ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡. ͸͸.

(97)  Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environments of Tertiary Carbonate Sequences in Socotra Island, Yemen. ‹††Ž‡’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡ƒƒ ‹–Š‡•–—†‹‡† •‡ –‹‘Ǥ ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ ’ƒ •–‘‡ ‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ ƒ •‹‰Ž‡ Žƒ›‡” ‘ˆ ƒ••‹˜‡ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ –Šƒ– ‹• —’ –‘ ͳͲ‡–‡”•–Š‹ ƒ†‹• Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡†„›™Š‹–‹•Š –‘’ƒŽ‡›‡ŽŽ‘™ ‘Ž‘”Ǥ

(98) –‹• ‘’‘•‡†‘ˆ ‘ƒ”•‡–‘ ˆ‹‡Ǧ‰”ƒ‹‡† „‹‘ Žƒ•–• ‡„‡††‡† ‹ ƒ ‹ ”‘•’ƒ””› ƒŽ ‹–‡ƒ†•‘‡’ƒ– Š‡•‘ˆ‹ ”‹–Ǥ ƒ”‰‡ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒ•— Šƒ•Nummulites sppƒ”‡ –Š‡ ƒ‹ –›’‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† „‹‘ Žƒ•–• ȋŽǤ

(99) ǣ ƒ ƒ† „ȌǤ ”ƒ‹• ƒ”‡ ’‘‘”Ž› •‘”–‡†ǡ †‹•‘”‹‡–‡† ™‹–Š ‰”ƒ‹ ‘–ƒ –•Ǥ Š‡ ‹ ”‹–‹  ƒ–”‹š •‘‡–‹‡• ”‡ ”›•–ƒŽŽ‹œ‡† ‹–‘ •’ƒ”‹–‡Ǥ ‘‡ ƒ˜‹–‹‡• ƒ”‡ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡†Ǥ Š‡ ‘•– ‘‘ ‡‰ƒˆ‘••‹Ž• ƒ”‡ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡•ǡ ‡ Š‹‘‹†•ǡ ƒ†‰ƒ•–”‘’‘†•Ǥ Š‡†‡’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹•ˆƒ ‹‡•–‘‘’Žƒ ‡ —†‡” Š‹‰Š ‡‡”‰› ‘†‹–‹‘• ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡ ‘ˆ ‘˜‹‰ ƒ† ƒ„”ƒ†‹‰ –Š‡ •Š‡ŽŽ †‡„”‹• ƒ• ‡˜‹†‡ ‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‰”ƒ‹Ǧ•—’’‘”–‡† ˆƒ„”‹  ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”‘ • ƒ† –Š‡ „‹‘ Žƒ•–‹  ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹ Ž‡•Ǥ Š‡ „”‡ƒƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹ Ž‡•™ƒ•ƒ ‘’ƒ‹‡†„›„‹‘‰‡‹ ƒ –‹˜‹–›Ǥ Š‡ ‹ ‘”’‘”ƒ–‡† Ž‹‡ —† ‹ –Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ› •—‰‰‡•–ƒŠ‹‰Š’”‘†— –‹‘”ƒ–‡‘ˆˆ‹‡ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ „› „‹‘‰‡‹  ƒ –‹˜‹–› ƒ† ˆƒ—ƒŽ †‹•‹–‡‰”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ  ‘”†‹‰ –‘ ‹Ž•‘ ͳͻ͹ͷǡ –Š‡ ˆ‘••‹Ž‹ˆ‡”‘—• ’ƒ •–‘‡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• Š‡”‡ ‹• ”‡•‡„Ž‹‰ –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”† ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‘Ǥ ͳʹ ™Š‹ Š ™ƒ• †‡’‘•‹–‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• œ‘‡ ‘Ǥ ͸ ̶’‡ ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”̶ȋ ‹‰Ǥ͸ȌǤ. I) Marly Limestone Facies Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• ”‡ ‘”†‡† ‹ –Š‡ Ž‘™‡” Š‘”‹œ‘• ‹ –Š‡•–—†‹‡†•‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͹ȌǤƒ”Ž›Ž‹‡•–‘‡ˆƒ ‹‡• ‘•‹•–•‘ˆ Žƒ•–‹ ƒ† ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ•Ǥ Š‡ Žƒ•–‹  ƒ–‡”‹ƒŽ• ƒ ‘—–‡†ˆ‘”—’ͶͷΨ‘ˆ–Š‡–‘–ƒŽ˜‘Ž—‡‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‘ Ǥ ‹ˆˆ‡”‡– –›’‡• ‘ˆ ‹˜‡”–‡„”ƒ–‡ ˆ‘••‹Ž• †‹•–”‹„—–‡† ‹ –Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• •— Š ƒ• ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒǡ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡•ǡ‰ƒ•–”‘’‘†•ǡ‡ Š‹‘‹†•ƒ†‘•–”ƒ ‘†•ƒ• ™‡ŽŽƒ••‡Ž‡–ƒŽ†‡„”‹•Ǥƒ”–•‘ˆ–Š‹•ˆƒ ‹‡•–‡†–‘ „‡ ˆ”ƒ‰‡–‡† ƒ† •‡‹Ǧ ‘•‘Ž‹†ƒ–‡†ǡ ‰”‡‡ –‘ ’ƒŽ‡ ‰”‡› ‘Ž‘” ™‹–Š ƒ –Š‹ ‡•• ”‡ƒ Š‡• –‘ ͸ ‡–‡”•Ǥ ‘••‹Ž•ƒ”‡†‹•–”‹„—–‡†–Š”‘—‰Š–Š‡ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ† • ƒ––‡”‡† ‹ ’‘‘”Ž› •‘”–‡† ƒ‡”Ǥ Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ „‡ ‘’ƒ”‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”† ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•‘ˆ‹Ž•‘ǡͳͻ͹ͷ™Š‹ Š™ƒ•†‡’‘•‹–‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• œ‘‡ ‘Ǥ ͺ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ Ž‘™ ‡‡”‰›’”‘–‡ –‡†Ž‘™‹–‡”–‹†ƒŽˆŽƒ–Ǥ. 3- AYDIM FORMATION Š‡ ›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(100) •Žƒ† ‡š’‘•‡† ‹ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ’ƒ”–• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹•Žƒ† ƒ† ”‡’”‡•‡–• –Š‡ –‘’ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ†Š”ƒƒ™–. ”‘—’ ‹ –Š‡ ‹•Žƒ†Ǥ ‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ •ƒ’Ž‡• Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† ˆ”‘ ƒ •‡“—‡ ‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹ ƒ†‹ ƒ•ƒ ƒ”‡ƒȋͳʹι ͵ͷƲ ͷ͸ǯǯǡͷ͵ιͶʹƲͲͷǯǯȌȋŽǤ

(101) ǣ ƒ† ‹‰•Ǥͳǡʹƒ† ͹ȌǤ ‘—” ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ™‡”‡ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‹•”‘ —‹–ƒ––Š‡•–—†‹‡†•‡ –‹‘Ǥ. . . Figure 7. ‹–Š‘Ž‘‰‹  Ž‘‰ǡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘ ƒ† †‹•–”‹„—–‹‘ ‘ˆ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ ‡˜‹”‘Ǧ‡–• ‘ˆ ›†‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ–ƒ†‹ƒ•ƒǤ fekil 7. Wadi Laska’daki Aydim formasyonunun litolojik logu, mikrofasiyes topluluºu ve çökel ortamÇnÇn daºÇlÇmÇ.. ͸͹. .

(102)  ‘Šƒ‡†Ǧ

(103) ǡŠ‡†Ǧ. II) Mudstone Microfacies Š‹• ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† „› ›‡ŽŽ‘™‹•Š ‰”‡›Ȁ„”‘™ƒ†Šƒ”†Ž‹‡•–‘‡•™‹–Š–Š‹ ‡•• ”‡ƒ Š‡• –‘ ͺǤ ‡–”‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‘•‹•–•‘ˆƒ„‘—–ͻͷ؏—†™‹–Š–Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆ •‘‡•‡Ž‡–ƒŽ‰”ƒ‹•ƒ††‡„”‹•„‡‹‰”ƒ†‘Ž› • ƒ––‡”‡†‹–Š‡‰”‘—†ƒ••ȋŽǤ

(104) ǣ†ȌǤ Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ Š‹‰Š ’‡” ‡–ƒ‰‡ —† ™‹–Š ˆ‡™ ƒŽŽ‘ Š‡• ”‡ˆŽ‡ – “—‹–‡ ‡‡”‰›ǡ ’”‘–‡ –‡† Ž‘™ ‹–‡”–‹†ƒŽ ˆŽƒ– ™Š‹ Š ‡š‹•–• •Š‘”‡™ƒ”† ‘ˆ ƒ •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ ƒ”‹‡ Žƒ‰‘‘ǡ „‡Š‹† ”‡‡ˆ„ƒ””‹‡”•‘” ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡•ƒ†•Š‘ƒŽ•Ǥƒ•‡†‘ ‹Ž•‘ ͳͻ͹ͷ ƒ† Žò‰‡Žǡ ͳͻͺʹ ƒ† ʹͲͲͷǡ –Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• •‹‹Žƒ” –‘ –Š‡   ‘Ǥ ʹʹǡ ™Š‹ Š ‹• †‡’‘•‹–‡† ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• œ‘‡ ‘Ǥ ͺ ‹ –Š‡ ”‡•–”‹ –‡†’Žƒ–ˆ‘”ƒ”‡ƒǤ III) Fossiliferous Wackestone Microfacies Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• ”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡† ˆ”‘ –™‘ Ž‡˜‡Ž• ‹ ›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ –Š‡ –Š‹ ‡•• ‹ –Š‡ Ž‘™‡” Š‘”‹œ‘ ”‡ƒ Š‡• –‘ ͷǡ ƒ† ƒ„‘—– ͳͲ ‹ –Š‡ —’’‡” Ž‡˜‡ŽǤ ƒ ‡•–‘‡ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡† „› ‹–• „‡‹‰‡ –‘ „”‘™‹•Š ‘Ž‘”ǡ •‡‹ǦŠƒ”† ƒ† ‘–ƒ‹• ƒ› ‹˜‡”–‡„”ƒ–‡ ˆ‘••‹Ž•‡„‡††‡†‹Ž‹‡—†ƒ–”‹šƒ† ‘•‹•– ƒ„‘—– ʹͷǦ͵ͲΨ ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ƒŽŽ ‘’‘‡–• •— Š ƒ• ‰ƒ•–”‘’‘†•ǡ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡•ǡ ‡ Š‹‘‹†•ǡ „”ƒ Š‹‘’‘†•ǡ ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒ •— Š ƒ• Radiocycloclypeus stellatus ȋƒȌƒ†Radiocycloclypeus sp. cf. radiatesȋƒȌ ƒ† Nummulites spǤ ȋŽǤ

(105) ǣ ‡ ƒ† ˆȌ ƒ† •Š‡ŽŽ †‡„”‹•ȋƒŽ‰ƒŽ†‡„”‹•ǡ„‹˜ƒŽ˜‡•ƒ†‡ Š‹‘‹†•ȌǤŠ‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ „”‘‡ •‡Ž‡–‘• ‘ˆ ‹˜‡”–‡„”ƒ–‡• ”‡ˆ‡” –‘ –Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ ‹ ƒ ‘†‡”ƒ–‡ ƒ‰‹–ƒ–‡† ™ƒ–‡” ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ’Žƒ–ˆ‘” ‡˜‹”‘‡– ƒ† ‹– ‹• •‹‹Žƒ” –‘ –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”† ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•‘ǤͳͲ™Š‹ Š‹•†‡’‘•‹–‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡ ˆƒ ‹‡•œ‘‡‘Ǥ͹ȋ ‹‰Ǥ͹ȌǤ IV) Packstone Microfacies Š‹•‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•‹•”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡†ˆ”‘–Š‡‹††Ž‡‘ˆ –Š‡ ›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ •–—†› ƒ”‡ƒ ™‹–Š ƒ –Š‹ ‡•• ”‡ƒ Š‡• –‘ ͳͲǤ ‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ƒŽŽ‘ Š‡• . . ™‡”‡ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡† •— Š ƒ• •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ‰”ƒ‹•ǡ ‹–”ƒ Žƒ•–• ƒ† •‘‡ ’‡ŽŽ‡–•Ǥ Š‡•‡ ƒŽŽ‘ Š‡• ‹• ‡‡–‡†™‹–Š•’ƒ””› ƒŽ ‹–‡ƒ†Ž‘™’‡” ‡–ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ ‹ ”‹–‡Ǥ Š‡ ”‡ ‘”†‡† •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‹ Ž‡• ƒ”‡ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡•ǡ „‡–Š‹  ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒǡ ‡ Š‹‘‹†• ƒ† ‘•–”ƒ ‘†•Ǥ ‹˜ƒŽ˜‡ •Š‡ŽŽ ˆ”ƒ‰‡–• ȋ—’ –‘ ʹͲΨȌ ƒ”‡‘—–Ž‹‡†„›‹ ”‹–‡‡˜‡Ž‘’‡•ƒ†ƒ›”‡˜‡ƒŽ –Š‡‹”‹–‡”ƒŽ‹ ”‘•–”—” –—”‡Ǥ ƒ•‹‘ƒŽŽ›ǡ–Š‡› ƒ”‡ †‹••‘Ž˜‡† ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‘—Ž†• ƒ”‡ ˆ‹ŽŽ‡† ™‹–Š ‰”ƒ—Žƒ” •’ƒ”‹–‡ ƒ† ‹ ”‹–‹  ƒ–”‹šǤ –Š‡” ”‡ƒ‹• ƒ”‡ ‡‘‘”’Š‘•‡† –‘ ƒŽ ‹–‡ •’ƒ” ‘” ‘’Ž‡–‡Ž›‹ ”‹–‹œ‡†–‘Ž‹‡Ǧ—†Ǥ Š‹‘‹†•ƒ”‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† „› ’Žƒ–‡• ƒ† •’‹‡•Ǥ   Š‹‘‹†̵• ’Žƒ–‡• ƒ”‡ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡† ƒ• •‹‰Ž‡ ”›•–ƒŽ• ™‹–Š —‹ˆ‘” ‹–‡”ˆ‡”‡ ‡ ‘Ž‘”• ƒ† Ž‘ ƒŽŽ› ”‹‡† „› •›–ƒš‹ƒŽ ƒŽ ‹–‡ ‘˜‡”‰”‘™–Š ™Š‡”‡ƒ• ‡ Š‹‘‹† •’‹‡• ƒ”‡ ”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡† „› –Š‡‹” ”ƒ†‹ƒŽ •–”— –—”‡Ǥ ƒ•–”‘’‘† ƒ† ‘•–”ƒ ‘†‡ •Š‡ŽŽ• ƒ”‡ ˆ‘—† ‹ Ž‡•• ˆ”‡“—‡ › ƒ† –Š‡‹” ƒ˜‹–‹‡• ƒ”‡ ˆ‹ŽŽ‡†™‹–Š ƒŽ ‹–‡•’ƒ”ƒ†Ž‹‡—†Ǥ‡–Š‘‹  ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒ ƒ”‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–‡† „› ‹ ”‹–‹ Ǧ™ƒŽŽ‡† ‹Ž‹‘Ž‹†•ǡ ‘”„‹–‘Ž‹‹†•ǡ ƒŽ˜‡‘Ž‹‡•ǡ —‹•‡”‹ƒŽ ƒ† „‹•‡”‹ƒŽˆ‘”•ȋŽǤ

(106) ǣ‰ȌǤ Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ™ƒ• ˆ‘”‡† ‹ ƒ Š‹‰Š ‡‡”‰› •—‹–‡ ‘ •Š‘ƒŽ• ƒ• ‹†‹ ƒ–‡† „› •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ǡ ™ƒ” ƒ† ƒ‰‹–ƒ–‡† ™ƒ–‡” ”‹–‡”‹ƒǤ Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ „‡ ‘’ƒ”‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”† ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‘Ǥ ͳ͵ ƒ†™Š‹ Š™ƒ•†‡’‘•‹–‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡ˆƒ ‹‡•œ‘‡ ‘Ǥ͸‹‹Ž•‘ͳͻ͹ͷ• Š‡‡ȋ ‹‰Ǥ͹ȌǤ 4- MUGHSAYL FORMATION —‰Š•ƒ›Ž ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ‡š’‘•‡† ‹ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘• ƒ– –Š‡ ™‡•–‡” ’ƒ”–• ‘ˆ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(107) •Žƒ† ƒ”‘—† ƒŽƒ•‹ƒŠ ”‡‰‹‘Ǥ Š‹• ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ”‡’”‡•‡–• –Š‡ Ž‹‰‘ ‡‡Ȃ‹‘ ‡‡ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ‹ –Š‹•‹•Žƒ†Ǥ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡•‡ –‹‘Šƒ•„‡‡•‡Ž‡ –‡† ˆ‘” •ƒ’Ž‹‰ ‹ ƒ†‹ ƒ›Ž‘—œ‡ ȋͳʹι ͵͹Ʋ ͳͷǯǯ ǡ ͷ͵ι͵͹Ʋ͵ͲǯǯȌȋŽǤǣƒƒ†„ƒ†ˆ‹‰•Ǥͳǡʹƒ†ͺȌǤ Š‹• •‡ –‹‘ ‘•‹•–• ‘ˆ ƒ„‘—– ͹Ͳ ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– Ž‹‡•–‘‡ –›’‡•ǡ ™Š‹ Š ‹• Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡† „› –Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ ŠƒŽ› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ– –Š‡ –‘’ ’ƒ”– ‘ˆ –Š‹• ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‹• ’ƒ”– ‹• †‘‹ƒ–‡† „› Š‡”– ͸ͺ.

(108)  Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environments of Tertiary Carbonate Sequences in Socotra Island, Yemen. ‘†—Ž‡• ‹ •‡˜‡”ƒŽ Š‘”‹œ‘• ȋŽǤ ǣ  ƒ† †ȌǤ ‡˜‡”ƒŽ ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ”‡ †‹•–‹‰—‹•Š‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‹• •‡ –‹‘ǡƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ I) Reefal LimestoneFacies Š‡ ”‡‡ˆƒŽ Ž‹‡•–‘‡• ˆ‘” ƒ †‘‹ƒ– Ž‹–Š‘ˆƒ ‹‡• –›’‡ ‹ –Š‡ —‰Š•ƒ›Ž ‘”ƒ–‹‘Ǥ

(109) – ‹• ‘’‘•‡† ‘ˆ ƒ••‹˜‡Ǧ„‡††‡† ™‹–Š ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ „‡†–Š‹ ‡••”‡ƒ Š‹‰–‘͹ǤͷǤŠ‡›Šƒ˜‡‘”ƒŽ ”‡‡ˆ ƒ† ‘›•–‡” „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡ǡ ™Š‹ Š ƒ”‡ –Š‡ ‘•– ‘‘ ˆƒ—ƒŽ ƒ••‡„Žƒ‰‡Ǥ  ƒ––‡”‡† ‹ •‹–— ‘”ƒŽ”‡‡ˆ’ƒ– Š‡•ƒ† ‘”ƒŽˆ”ƒ‰‡–•ƒ”‡™‹†‡Ž› †‹•–”‹„—–‡† –Š”‘—‰Š‘—– –Š‡ •— ‡••‹‘ –‘ ƒ” –Š‡ ”‡‡ˆƒŽ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͺȌǤ ‘ ƒŽŽ›ǡ ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”•ǡ ƒŽ‰ƒŽ ˆ”ƒ‰‡–• ƒ† ‡ Š‹‘‹† ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ‹’‘”–ƒ–•‡†‹‡– ‘•–‹–—‡–ȋŽǤ ǣ ‡ȌǤ ‡•‡Ž› ”‘™†‡† Žƒ”‰‡ ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ –‡•–• ƒ”‡ ‘‘‹–Š‡—’’‡”’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‹•ˆƒ ‹‡•ǤŠ‡ ˆƒ—ƒŽ ƒ••‡„Žƒ‰‡ ‹• ‹ Ž—†‹‰ •‘‡ „‡–Š‹  ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”• •— Š ƒ• Heterostegina sp.ǡ Miogypsina sp.ǡƒ†Nummulites sp.ƒ‘‰ƒ› ‘–Š‡”„ƒ†Ž›’”‡•‡”˜‡†ˆ‘”•ȋŽǤǣˆǡ‰ƒ†ŠȌǤ ‹ ”‘• ‘’‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ–Š‡”‡‡ˆƒŽŽ‹‡•–‘‡•ƒ”‡ †‘‹ƒ–‡† „› –Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ „‘—†•–‘‡ –‡š–—”‡•™Š‹ Š ‘•‹•–ƒ‹Ž›‘ˆ ‘”ƒŽǤŠ‹•ˆƒ ‹‡• Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ƒ ——Žƒ–‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡”‡‡ˆ„—‹Ž†—’• ’Žƒ–ˆ‘” ƒ”‰‹ œ‘‡ —†‡” ‘”ƒŽ ƒ”‹‡ •ƒŽ‹‹–›ƒ†‘†‡”ƒ–‡Ž› ‘†‹–‹‘•ȋ ‹‰ǤͺȌǤ II) Brecciated Wackestone/Packstone Microfacies Š‡•‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ”‡ ‘‘ ‹ –Š‡ —‰Š•ƒ›Ž ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ȋ ‹‰Ǥ ͺȌǤ Š‡› ‘•‹•– ‘ˆ ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹‰ „‡†•‘ˆ’ƒ •–‘‡ƒ†™ƒ ‡•–‘‡‹–Š‡‹††Ž‡ Š‘”‹œ‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ •–—†‹‡† •‡ –‹‘Ǥ Š‡ ”‘ • ƒ”‡ „”‘™–‘†ƒ”›‡ŽŽ‘™ǡŠƒ”†ƒ† ‘–ƒ‹• ƒ––‡”‡† ‘ƒ”•‡Ž‹‡•–‘‡„”‡ ‹ƒ–‡†‰”ƒ‹•™‹–Š†‹ˆˆ‡”‡– •‹œ‡• ȋŽǤ 

(110) ǣ ƒ ƒ† „ȌǤ Š‡•‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ”‡ Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡†„›–Š‡’”‡•‡ ‡‘ˆ†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–ˆƒ—ƒŽ ƒ••‡„Žƒ‰‡• ™‹–Š Š‹‰Š ƒ„—†ƒ ‡ ‘ˆ •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ †‡„”‹•Ǥ Š‡› ƒ”‡ ‹ Ž—†‹‰ „‹˜ƒŽ˜‡•ǡ ‡ Š‹‘‹†•ǡ. . . ‘•–”ƒ ‘†• ƒ† ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”•Ǥ ‹˜ƒŽ˜‡• ™‡”‡ –Š‡ ƒŽ‘•– ‘’‘‡–•‘ˆ‹˜‡”–‡„”ƒ–‡ˆ‘••‹Ž•‹–Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡•Ǥ ‡†• ‘ˆ „‹‘ Žƒ•–‹  ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡Ȁ’ƒ •–‘‡ ™Š‹ Š ‘–ƒ‹ ”‡†‡’‘•‹–‡† •Š‡Žˆ †‡„”‹• ȋ„”‡ ‹ƒ–‡† Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ† –”ƒ•’‘”–‡† ˆƒ—ƒȌ ƒ› ‹–‡”’”‡– ƒ• ƒŽ ‹–—”„‹†‹–‡•Ǥ ƒ—‡Ž ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻ͹ ‡–‹‘‡† –Šƒ– –Š‡ ƒŽ–‡”ƒ–‹‰ ’Žƒ–‘‹  ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒŽ ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡ ƒ† „‹‘ Žƒ•–‹  ’ƒ Ȁ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡ ‹ —‰Š•ƒ›Ž  ƒ– ‘ ‘–”ƒ •Š‘™• ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ ‘ˆ •›Ǧ”‹ˆ– †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ ™‹–Š ƒ ˜ƒ”‹‡–› ‘ˆ Šƒ‘–‹  †‡’‘•‹–• –”‹‰‰‡”‡† „› •‡‹•‹  ƒ –‹˜‹–› ƒ† –Š‡ •–‡‡’ •Ž‘’‡• †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† ‹ –Š‡ Ž‘ ƒŽ‹œ‡††‡‡’Ǧƒ”‹‡„ƒ•‹•Ǥ ‡’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹•ˆƒ ‹‡•–‘‘’Žƒ ‡—†‡” ‘†‡”ƒ–‡Ž›ƒ‰‹–ƒ–‡†™ƒ–‡” ‘†‹–‹‘•ǡƒ„‘˜‡–Š‡ ™ƒ˜‡„ƒ•‡Ǥƒ•‡†‘‹Ž•‘ͳͻ͹ͷǡ–Š‹•ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ „‡ ‘’ƒ”‡† ™‹–Š –Š‡ •–ƒ†ƒ”† ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‘Ǥ Ͷǡ™Š‹ Š‹•†‡’‘•‹–‡†™‹–Š‹–Š‡ˆƒ ‹‡•œ‘‡‘ǤͶ ̶ˆ‘”‡•Ž‘’‡ƒ”‡ƒ̶ȋ ‹‰ǤͺȌǤ III) Chalky Limestone Facies ŠƒŽ› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ™‹–Š‹ –Š‹• ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ƒ †‹•–‹ –‹˜‡ˆƒ ‹‡•„‡–™‡‡–Š‡Ž‹‡•–‘‡ˆƒ ‹‡•‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(111) •Žƒ†Ǥ

(112) – ‘•‹•–•‘ˆƒ„‘—–͹‘ˆ™Š‹–‹•Š –‘ „‡‹‰‡ ŠƒŽ› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ Žƒ›‡”• ‹†—Ž‰‡† „› ƒ› †ƒ” ‰”ƒ›‹•Š –‘ †ƒ” „”‘™ ‘†—Ž‡• ƒ† ’‡„„Ž‡• ‘ˆ Š‡”–ǡ ™Š‹ Š ƒ””ƒ‰‡† ‹ †‡–‡”‹‡† Ž‡˜‡Ž• ƒ† ‹ •‘‡ Š‘”‹œ‘• ™‹–Š ”ƒ†‘Ž› ƒ””ƒ‰‡‡–•ȋŽǤǣ ƒ††ȌǤ

(113) •‡˜‡”ƒŽŠ‘”‹œ‘• –Š‡ ŠƒŽ› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ „‡†• Šƒ”ƒ –‡”‹œ‡† ™‹–Š •Ž—’ •–”— –—”‡• ȋŽǤ 

(114) ǣ ǡ † ƒ† ‡ȌǤ ‡–”‘‰”ƒ’Š‹ ƒŽŽ›ǡ –Š‹• ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‘’‘•‡† ‘ˆ Ž‹‡—†•–‘‡ ‘–ƒ‹•’Žƒ–‘‹ ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒ ȋŽǤ

(115) ǣˆƒ†‰ȌǤ — Š ˆƒ ‹‡• ™ƒ• ‘•‹†‡”‡† ƒ• ‡š ‡’–‹‘ƒŽ ’‡Žƒ‰‹  •‡†‹‡–• „› Žò‰‡Žǡ ʹͲͲͶǤ ƒ•‡† ‘ ‹Ž•‘ǡ ͳͻ͹ͷǡ Žò‰‡Žǡ ͳͻͺʹ ƒ† ʹͲͲͶǡ –Š‹• ˆƒ ‹‡• ‹• †‡’‘•‹–‡† ‹ ƒ †‡‡’ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ™‹–Š‹–Š‡ˆƒ ‹‡•œ‘‡‘Ǥ͵̶„ƒ•‹ƒ”‰‹œ‘‡̶Ǥ . ͸ͻ.

(116)  ‘Šƒ‡†Ǧ

(117) ǡŠ‡†Ǧ. Legend of Lithologic Sections. . . Figure 8.‹–Š‘Ž‘‰‹ Ž‘‰ǡ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡•ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‹‘ƒ††‹•–”‹„—–‹‘‘ˆ†‡’‘•‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡˜‹”‘‡–•‘ˆ—‰Š•ƒ›Ž ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ƒ–ƒ†‹ ƒ›Ž‘—œ‡Ǥ fekil 8.Wadi Faylouze’deki Mughsayl formasyonunun litolojik logu, mikrofasiyes topluluºu ve çökel ortamÇnÇn daºÇlÇmÇ.. CONCLUSION ‡”–‹ƒ”› ”‘ • ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(118) •Žƒ† ƒ”‡ ƒ––”‹„—–ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ˆ‹˜‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ Š‡•‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘• ƒ”‡  ‡” ƒ†Š—ƒǡ —•ǡ ƒƒǡ ›†‹ ƒ† —‰Š•ƒ›ŽǤ ŽŽ –Š‡•‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘• ‘’‘•‡† ‘ˆ ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ”‘ • ‡š ‡’– —• ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ™Š‹ Š ‘•‹•–• ƒ‹Ž› ‘ˆ ‡˜ƒ’‘”‹–‡•Ǥ ˆ‹‡Ž†™‘” •—’’‘”–‡† „› ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒƒŽ›•‹• Šƒ• „‡‡ ‡ƒ„Ž‡† . . ”‡ ‘‰‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡‹‰Š– ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ˆ”‘ –Š‡ ‡”–‹ƒ”› ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡ ”‘ • ‹ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(119) •Žƒ†Ǥ Š‡ ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ‹ ”‘ˆƒ ‹‡• ‘ˆ ƒ†Š”ƒƒ™–. ”‘—’ ƒ”‡ —†•–‘‡ǡ ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡ǡ ’ƒ •–‘‡ ƒ† ‰”ƒ‹•–‘‡ǡ ™Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡•‡ †‹ˆˆ‡” ‘’Ž‡–‡Ž› ˆ‘” –Š‡ Š‹Š” ”‘—’ ‹ Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š–‹‰ –Š‡ ’”‡•‡ ‡ ‘ˆ ”‡‡ˆƒŽ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ „”‡ ‹ƒ–‡† Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ† ŠƒŽ› Ž‹‡•–‘‡Ǥ

(120)  ƒŽŽ ˆƒ ‹‡• ͹Ͳ.

(121)  Microfacies Analysis and Depositional Environments of Tertiary Carbonate Sequences in Socotra Island, Yemen. –Š‡ ƒŽŽ‘ Š‡‡• ‘•‹•– ƒ‹Ž› ‘ˆ •‡Ž‡–ƒŽ ‰”ƒ‹• ‹ ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ” –Š‡ Žƒ”‰‡” ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒ ̶‡š‹•–‹ƒ™ƒ”™ƒ–‡”™‹–Š‹–Š‡’Š‘–‹ œ‘‡ ‡•’‡ ‹ƒŽŽ› –Š‡ —’’‡” ͷͲ ‘ˆ ™ƒ” •‡ƒ•̶ǡ „‹˜‡Ž˜‡•ǡ ‰ƒ•–”‘’‘†• ƒ† ‡ Š‹‘†‡”•ǡ „—– ‹ ŠƒŽ› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ –Š‡ ƒŽŽ‘ Š‡‡• ‘•‹•– ‘ˆ ’Žƒ–‘‹  ˆ‘”ƒ‹‹ˆ‡”ƒ ̶‡š‹•– ‹ †‡‡’ ƒ”‹‡̶Ǥ –—ƒŽŽ›ǡ–Š‡–›’‡•‘ˆˆƒ ‹‡•ƒ†–Š‡‹” ‘–‡–• ”‡ˆŽ‡ – –Š‡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–• ƒ† ‘†‹–‹‘• ‘ˆ •‡†‹‡–ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ƒ ‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘• „‡Ž‘‰‹‰ –‘ ƒ†Š”ƒƒ™– ”‘—’ ™‡”‡ †‡’‘•‹–‡† ‹ „‡–™‡‡ “—‹–‡ •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ȋ”‡•–”‹ –‡† ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”Ȍ ‹ ƒ•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ”Ž› Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ† —†•–‘‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• ƒ† ƒ‰‹–ƒ–‡† •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ ™ƒ–‡” ȋ™‹‘™‡† ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”Ȍ ˆ‘” –Š‡ ’ƒ •–‘‡ ƒ† ‰”ƒ‹•–‘‡ ˆƒ ‹‡•Ǥ Š‡ ™ƒ ‡•–‘‡ˆƒ ‹‡•™ƒ•†‡’‘•‹–‡†‹•‡‹Ǧ“—‹–‡ •ŠƒŽŽ‘™ ‡˜‹”‘‡– ™‹–Š‹ –Š‡ ‘’‡ ’Žƒ–ˆ‘”œ‘‡ǤŠ‡Š‹Š” ”‘—’‹•”‡’”‡•‡–‡† „› —‰Š•ƒ›Ž ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ ™Š‹ Š ’‡”•‹•–• †‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ˆƒ ‹‡• •— Š ƒ• „”‡ ‹ƒ–‡† Ž‹‡•–‘‡ǡ ”‡‡ˆƒŽ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ† ŠƒŽ› Ž‹‡•–‘‡Ǥ Š‡•‡ ˆƒ ‹‡• ™‡”‡ †‡’‘•‹–‡† ‹ ‘”‰ƒ‹  „—‹Ž†—’ǡ ˆ‘”‡•Ž‘’‡ ƒ† †‡‡’ •Š‡Žˆ ƒ”‰‹ œ‘‡• ”‡•’‡ –‹˜‡Ž›Ǥ –—†‹‡† ‘  —‹–• ™‡”‡ †‡’‘•‹–‡† †—”‹‰ –Š‡ ‡”–‹ƒ”› ‡”‹‘† ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡ •—„Œ‡ –‡† ƒ”‡ƒ• ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• ƒ†Œƒ ‡– ƒ”‡ƒ• ȋ‘—–Š‡” ƒǡ •‘—–Š™‡•– ƒ† ‘ˆˆ•Š‘”‡ ‘ˆ

(122) ”ƒǡ •‘—–Š‡”

(123) ”ƒ“ǡ –Š‡ ™‡•– ‘ƒ•– ‘ˆ –Š‡ ”ƒ„‹ƒ —Žˆ ƒ† ‘—–Š‡ƒ•– ‘ƒŽ‹ƒȌ ™‡”‡ ˆŽ‘‘†‡† ™‹–Š •‡ƒ ™ƒ–‡” ‹ ‡”–ƒ‹ ’‡”‹‘†• –‘ ’”‡ ‹’‹–ƒ–‡ Ž‹‡•–‘‡ ƒ† ™Š‡ ™ƒ–‡” ”‡–”‡ƒ–‡† †—”‹‰ ‘–Š‡” †—”ƒ–‹‘• –‘ ’”‘†— ‡ ‡˜ƒ’‘”‹–‡•Ǥ Š‡ Žƒ–‡•– ƒŽ‡‘ ‡‡ –‘ ‘ ‡‡ ™ƒ• ƒ ’‡”‹‘† ‘ˆ ”‡‡™‡† •—„•‹†‡ ‡ ƒ ”‘•• –Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒ ̶‘ ‘–”ƒ̶ ƒ† ’Žƒ–ˆ‘” ƒ”„‘ƒ–‡• ™‹–Š ƒ –Š‹ ‡•• ‘˜‡” ͹ͲͲ ƒ”‡ ‡š’‘•‡† ‹ •‘—–Š‡”‘ ‘–”ƒȋƒ—‡Ž‡–ƒŽǤǡͳͻͻ͹ȌǤ—”‹‰ –Š‹• ’‡”‹‘† ȋ’”‡•‹ƒ ƒ† ƒ”–‘‹ƒȌǡ –Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ‡”ƒ†Š—ƒƒ†ƒƒ ‘”ƒ–‹‘• –‘‘ ’Žƒ ‡ǡ „—– –Š‡› •‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡† „› –Š‡ †‡’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ —• ‘”ƒ–‹‘ †—”‹‰ ƒ . . †”‘’‹•‡ƒŽ‡˜‡Ž‹• ‘•‹•–‡–†—”‹‰—–‡–‹ƒǤ

(124)  ‹††Ž‡Ǧƒ–‡ ‘ ‡‡ ȋƒ–‡ ƒ”–‘‹ƒǦƒ”Ž› ‡”‹ƒ„‘‹ƒȌǡ –Š‡ ›†‹ ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ™ƒ• †‡’‘•‹–‡† †—‡ –‘ –”ƒ•‰”‡••‹‘Ǥ —”‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ–‡ ‘ ‡‡ ȋƒ–‡ ‡”‹ƒ„‘‹ƒȌ Ǧ ƒ”Ž› Ž‹‰‘ ‡‡ ȋ—„‡Ž‹ƒȌǡ ‘ ‘–”ƒ

(125) •Žƒ† ‡š’‘•‡† –‘ ‡”‘•‹‘Ǥ ‹”•‡ ‡– ƒŽǤǡ ͳͻͻ͹ ‡–‹‘‡† –Šƒ– –Š‡ –‡ –‘‹  ”‡‰‹‡ ƒŽ–‡”‡† †—”‹‰ –Š‡ ƒ”Ž› Ž‹‰‘ ‡‡ ƒ• ‘‡ ‘ˆ †‹ˆˆ‡”‡–‹ƒŽ —’Ž‹ˆ– ƒ† ‡”‘•‹‘ ƒ• ‹• Ž‡ƒ”Ž› ”‡ ‘”†‡† „› –Š‡ •–”ƒ–‹‰”ƒ’Š‹  ˜ƒ”‹ƒ–‹‘• ƒ ”‘•• –Š‡ ƒ”‡ƒǤ ‡›†‘— ƒ† ‹ Šƒǡ ͳͻ͹Ͳ ‡’Šƒ•‹œ‡† –Šƒ– –Š‡”‡ ‹• ‘ ”‡ ‘”† ‘ˆ ƒ› ’’‡” ‘ ‡‡ †‡’‘•‹–•ǡ ƒ† ‘ ‘–”ƒǡ ‹ ‘ˆ‘”‹–› ™‹–Š — Š ‘ˆ –Š‡ ƒ†Œƒ ‡– ”ƒ„‹ƒ ƒ† ˆ”‹ ƒ ”‡‰‹‘• ƒ’’‡ƒ”• –‘ Šƒ˜‡ „‡‡ ‡Ž‡˜ƒ–‡† ƒ„‘—– –Šƒ– –‹‡ ȋ‡›†‘— ƒ† ‹ Šƒǡ ͳͻ͹ͲȌǤ

(126)  –Š‡ •ƒ‡ƒ‰‡ǡ†”‘’‹•‡ƒŽ‡˜‡Ž‹•”‡ ‘”†‡†‹•‘‡ ’ƒ”–• ‘ˆ ƒ†Œƒ ‡– ƒ”‡ƒ• •— Š ƒ• ƒ„ƒŽ ƒˆ‹– ‘ˆ –Š‡„›Š‡”‹ˆ‡–ƒŽǤǡͳͻͻʹǤ ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ‡ ™‘—Ž† Ž‹‡ –‘ ‡š’”‡•• ‘—” –Šƒ• –‘ ‰•Ǥ „†—ŽŽƒŠ—ƒ̵‹†ƒƒ† —••‹‡ƒ•Š†ƒŽ‹ˆ‘”‘ˆ –Š‡ ‡‘Ž‘‰‹ ƒŽ —”˜‡› ƒ† ‹‡”ƒŽ ‡•‘—” ‡• ‘ƒ”†Ǧ†‡”ƒ ŠȂˆ‘”–Š‡‰”‡ƒ– ‘‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘ †—”‹‰–Š‡•ƒ’Ž‹‰Ǥ GENGfLETGLMGf ÖZET Socotra takÇmadasÇ Hint Okyanusu’nda 150 km’lik bir zincir oluçturan dört adadan meydana gelmektedir. Aden Körfezi’nin doºusunda Yemen’den 360 km ve Afrika Boynuzu’ndan 230 km uzaklÇkta bulunan bu adalarÇn en büyüºü Socotra’dÇr (fekil 1). Glk çalÇçmalarÇn ondokuzuncu yüzyÇlda baçlamasÇna raºmen, bu ada sistemi üzerine çalÇçmalar, izole konumlarÇndan ötürü azdÇr, ve genellikle petrol çirketlerinin bazÇ raporlarÇyla sÇnÇrlÇdÇr. Bu çalÇçmada Socotra adasÇndaki Tersiyer yaçlÇ karbonat kayalarÇnÇn depolanma ortamlarÇnÇn yorumlanmasÇ için, mikrofasiyes özelliklerinin ͹ͳ.

(127)  ‘Šƒ‡†Ǧ

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