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Para Krizi Modelleri: Türkiye 2001 Krizi Örneği

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Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar 2010 Cilt: 47 Sayı: 550

19

Para Krizi Modelleri: Türkiye 2001

Krizi Örneği

Özet

Bu makale, para krizi modellerinin yardimiyla Türkiye ekonomisindeki 2001 fi-nansal krizinin nedenlerini araştirmaktadir. Krizin zayif iktisadi temellere daya-li sebepleri birinci ve ikinci nesil modellerle açiklanabidaya-lirken, finansal kirilgandaya-liğa dayali sebepleri üçüncü nesil modellerle açiklanabilmektedir. Sonuçlar; 2001 kri-zinin üç nesil modellerin hepsiyle alakali yönlerinin olduğunu göstermiştir. Ancak, finansal kirilganliğin Şubat 2001’deki para krizinin finansal krize dönüşmesinde önemli bir rol oynadiğini özellikle belirtmek gerekir. 2001 krizi, diğer yükselen pi-yasa ekonomileri için iki önemli politika dersine de sahip olmuştur. Birincisi, ge-lecekteki finansal krizleri önlemek üzere politikalar oluştururken, politika yapici-larin sadece güçlü iktisadi temellere yönelik tedbirleri değil, ayni zamanda sağ-lam bir finans sistemine yönelik tedbirleri de dikkate almalari gerektiğidir. İkinci-si, sağlam bir finans sisteminin iyi işleyen sabit kur rejimlerinin önkoşulu olduğu-nu uolduğu-nutmamalari gereklidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Para krizleri, para krizi modelleri, Türkiye ekonomisi, 2001

finansal krizi, zayıf iktisadi temeller, finansal kırılganlık.

Models of Currency Crisis: Turkey 2001 Crisis

Case

Abstract

This article examines the causes of the 2001 financial crisis in the Turkish eco-nomy with the help of the currency crisis models. While the reasons of the crisis that are based on weak economic fundamentals can be explained by the first and second generation models, the reasons that are based on financial fragility can be explained by the third generation models. Results showed that the 2001 cri-sis had relevant features with all three generations models. However, it must be especially mentioned that the financial fragility played an important role in trans-forming the February 2001 currency crisis into a financial crisis. 2001 crisis had two important policy lessons for other emerging market economies as well. First, in designing policies to prevent future financial crises, policymakers should not only consider measures for strong fundamentals but also measures for a sound financial system. Second, they should not forget that a sound financial system is a prerequisite for well-functioning fixed-exchange rate regimes.

Keywords: Currency crises, models of currency crises, Turkish economy, 2001

financial crisis, weak economic fundamentals, financial fragility.

M. Kutluğhan Savaş ÖKTE1

1 Yrd. Doç. Dr., İstanbul

Üniversi-tesi İktisat FakülÜniversi-tesi İngilizce İktisat Bölümü,

mokte@istanbul.edu.tr

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