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• protein synthesis occurs on ribosomes that are free-floating in the cytoplasm and on

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Ribosomes - protein synthetic machinery

• two subunits - large and small - each made of protein and ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• subunits associate when they are synthesizing proteins

• protein synthesis occurs on ribosomes that are free-floating in the cytoplasm and on

ribosomes attached to ER

• rRNA is synthesized in the nucleolus

18

Golgi Apparatus -

a collection of membranes associated with the ER composed of flatten sacs called _________

concentrates and packages proteins synthesized on the ER

The Golgi is functionally associated with the ER.

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Proteins synthesized on the ER are concentrated internally and transport vesicles are budded off Transport vesicles fuse with the Golgi, dump their contents into the Golgi

Golgi packages proteins in vesicles so that they may be excreted from the cell, or used within the cell.

Secretory vesicles - used for excretion - leave the Golgi and move to plasma membrane where they fuse and dump their contents outside - seen in many

glands

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The Golgi Apparatus also forms lysosomes

Lysosomes - vesicles filled with digestive enzymes - used for intracellular digestion

Particles can be

taken into cell

by phagocytosis

and vesicle fused

with lysosome

The components

of organelles can

be recycled after

digestion by

lysosomes

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