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Vaka çalışması: Türkiye-Ürdün serbest ticaret anlaşması ve ikili ticarete etkileri

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(43) Bahar2017/1. 4.1.3. Ürdün’ün øKUDFDWÕQGDNL øON 10 Ülke: # Ülkeler <ÕO7RSODP. 2010 (Bin $) 7.023.137. 2011 (Bin $) 7.963.486. 2012 (Bin $) 7.877.136. 2013 (Bin $) 7.919.621. 2014 (Bin $) 8.385.330. 2015 (Bin $) 7.832.977. Pay(%) 100%. 1. ABD. 928.400. 1.040.465. 1.125.340. 1.205.678. 1.323.267. 1.445.605. 18. 2. Arabistan. 661.698. 679.789. 771.608. 963.295. 1.039.254. 1.162.551. 14. 3. Irak. 1.126.243. 1.214.260. 1.222.697. 1.389.561. 1.284.319. 749.534. 9. 4. Hindistan. 782.972. 871.201. 706.258. 485.385. 650.845. 590.543. 7. 5. BAE. 296.061. 291.034. 318.067. 316.326. 332.069. 376.326. 4. 6. Kuveyt. 89.614. 143.605. 105.852. 138.679. 179.502. 306.669. 3. 7. Çin. 113.025. 203.491. 189.552. 105.750. 186.340. 215.510. 2. 8. Katar. 96.491. 93.384. 116.613. 133.745. 150.447. 157.735. 2. 9. Endonezya. 149.106. 221.243. 283.623. 228.774. 121.322. 138.645. 1. 10. Suriye. 256.483. 286.800. 219.777. 152.394. 223.679. 137.720. 1. .D\QDN'Q\D%DQNDVÕ <XNDUÕGD EXOXQDQ WDEORGD LVH hUGQ¶Q LKUDFDWÕQGDNL ilk 10 ONH HOH DOÕQPÕú ROXS ONHQLQ LKUDFDWÕQGDQ $%'  6 $UDELVWDQ  YH ,UDN  SD\ DOPDNWDGÕU hUGQ¶Q 7UNL\H¶\H LKUDFDWÕ LVH  \ÕOÕQGD ¶OLN SD\OD ONHQLQ LKUDFDW VÕUDODPDVÕQGDVÕUDGD LNHQ\ÕOÕQDJHOLQGL÷LQGHONHQLQ LKUDFDWÕQGD7UNL\H  6ÕUDODUDNDGDUJHULOHPLúWLU 14. 7h5.ø<(- h5'h17ø&$5øø/øù.ø/(5ø Bu bölümde Türkiye -Ürdün ikili ticaretinin JHOLúLPL YH hUGQ LOH 7UNL\H¶QLQ GÕú WLFDUHWWHNL SD]DU SD\ODUÕ JLEL UDNDPVDO YHULOHU LUGHOHQHUHN LNL ONH DUDVÕQGDNL WLFDUL DNVL\RQXQ \ÕOODUD J|UH GH÷LúLPL |]HOOLNOH WHUFLKOL UHMLPLQ EDúODPDVÕ VRQUDVÕQGDNL WLFDUHWKDGOHULQLQSR]LV\RQODUÕHOHDOÕQPÕúWÕU 4.2.1. Türkiye -Ürdün øNLOL Ticaretinin *HOLúLPL. YIL 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2009 14. ø+5$CAT ø+5$&$7 ø7+$/$7 '(öøùø0ø (Bin $) (Bin $) (%) 99.534 100 27.273 118.901 19,5 13.525 116.650 -1,9 18.382 149.618 28,3 16.851 229.464 53,4 14.156 288.648 25,8 28.321 321.661 11,4 9.319 455.352 41,6 20.354. ø7+$/$7 7ø&$5(7 DENGE '(öøù0ø +$&0ø (+,-) (%) (+) 100 126.806 72.261 -50,4 132.426 105.376 35,9 135.033 98.268 -8,3 166.469 132.768 -16,0 243.621 215.308 100,1 316.969 260.327 -67,1 330.980 312.341 118,4 475.707 434.998. KWWSZLWVZRUOGEDQNRUJ (ULúLP7DULKL

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(65) 69 European Commission, Agreements http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/agreements/#_other-countries Gültekin R., Üyümez E., (2015), Türkiye ile Rusya Federasyonu Serbest Ticaret $QODúPDVÕQÕQ LNL hONH 7LFDUHWLQH 2ODVÕ (WNLOHUL YH 9HUJLVHO <DQVÕPDODUÕ International Conference On Eurasian Economies, S.406 Hine, R. C. (1992). Regionalism and the Integration of the World Economy, Journal of Common Market Studies, 30(2):115-124. Karakeçili F., 

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(67) -77 Kohl, T., Brakman, S., ve Garretsen, H. (2016). Do Trade Agreements Stimulate International Trade Differently? Evidence from 296 Trade Agreements. World Economy, 39(1), 97-131 https://ideas.repec.org/p/ces/ceswps/_4243.html (23.01.2017, WEB) 7UNFDQ . YH 3LúNLQ ( 

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(73) http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/agreements/#_other-countries T.C. Gümrük ve TiFDUHW %DNDQOÕ÷Õ  6RUXGD *PUN %LUOL÷L (ULúLP WDULKL 31.03.2017, WEB) http://ab.gtb.gov.tr/ab-ile-iliskiler/30-soruda-gumruk-birligi 7& (NRQRPL %DNDQOÕ÷Õ *PUN %LUOL÷L¶QLQ *QFHOOHQPH 6UHFL (ULúLP WDULKL 31.03.2017) http://www.ekonomi.gov.tr/portal/faces/home/disIliskiler/ab/gumruk-guncellenmesureci?_afrLoop=972576374480007&_afrWindowMode=0&_afrWindowId=vipynv gfa_30#!%40%40%3F_afrWindowId%3Dvipynvgfa_30%26_afrLoop%3D9725763 74480007%26_afrWindowMode%3D0%26_adf.ctrl-state%3Dvipynvgfa_84 67$.ÕODYX]Xhttp://www.iib.org.tr (ULúLPWDULKL:(%

(74) 7&(NRQRPL%DNDQOÕ÷Õ7UNL\H¶QLQøP]DODGÕ÷Õ6HUEHVW7LFDUHW$QODúPDODUÕ http://www.ekonomi.gov.tr/portal/content/conn/UCM/path/Contribution%20Folders /web/D%C4%B1%C5%9F%20%C4%B0li%C5%9Fkiler/Serbest%20Ticaret%20An la%C5%9Fmalar%C4%B1/ekler/%C3%9Clkemizin%20STA'lar%C4%B1n%C4%B 1%20yans%C4%B1tan%20tablo.pdf?lve http://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Country/JOR/Year/2015/TradeFlow/E XPIMP (03.04.2017, WEB). 630.

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