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(87) denklemindeki fayday
(88) k s t alt nda maksimize etti÷i,. x. iúgücü talebi düzeyinin
(89) denklemindeki firma kâr n maksimize etti÷i ve. 18.
(90) Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar (651) Mart 2020: 9-43. x
(91) ve
(92) denklemlerindeki mal ve iúgücü piyasalar denge koúullarnn sa÷land÷ da÷tmlar ve göreli fiyat, bir rekabetçi genel dengedir. Walras Yasas uyarnca, piyasa denge koúullarndan sadece biri dengeyi tanmlayc denklemler arasnda yer almaktadr.Ŷ gQHUPH Rekabetçi genel denge vardr ve tektir.Ŷ d|]POHPHQLQJHULNDODQÕQGDLNLG]HQOH\LFLYDUVD\ÕP|UWNRODUDNNRUXQPDNWDGÕU øú JF DU]ÕQÕQ NHVLQ SR]LWLI ROPDVÕ LoLQ GR÷XUJDQOÕ÷ÕQ ELULP ]DPDQ PDOL\HWLQL J|VWHUHQ \HWHULQFHNoNWUYHWNHWLPG]H\LQLQNHVLQSR]LWLIROPDVÕLoLQYHULPOLOLNG]H\L \HWH ULQFH\NVHNWLU 7DPUHNDEHWúDUWODUÕDOWÕQGDILUPDODU 3L\DVD\DJLULúHQJHOLQLQEXOXQPDPDVÕLVH. VD÷ODQGÕ÷ÕVUHFHLúJFWDOHSHWPHNWHGLU DúÕUÕNkUGXUXPODUÕQÕQROXúPDVÕQÕQ|QQH. JHoHUHNGHQJHFUHWG]H\LQL .
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(99) GR÷XUJDQOÕN GúúQH QHGHQROPDNWDYH\NVHNYHULPOLOLN YHFUHW
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(101) ile tanmldr. Biçimsel olarak ifade edilirse,
(102) denklemi geçerlidir.Ŷ gQHUPH Laissez faire refah düzeyi .
(103) ,. x do÷urganlk maliyetleri ,
(104) ve referans do÷urganlk düzeyi
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(106) ve do÷urganlk tercih parametresi
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(113) denklemindeki fayday
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(115) denklemindeki firma kâr n maksimize etti÷i, vergi ödemesi veya transfer gelirinin
(116) bütçe denkli÷ine uydu÷u ve. x
(117) ve
(118) denklemlerindeki mal ve iúgücü piyasalar denge koúullar n n sa÷land ÷ da÷ t mlar ve göreli fiyat , bir nüfus politikas altnda rekabetçi genel dengedir. Walras Yasas uyar nca, piyasa denge koúullar ndan sadece biri dengeyi tan mlay c denklemler aras nda yer almaktad r.Ŷ gQHUPH Nüfus politikas alt nda rekabetçi genel denge vard r ve tektir.Ŷ gQHUPH¶QNDQÕWÕID\GDPDNVLPL]DV\RQX\DSDQHULúNLQELUH\LoLQRSWLPDOGR÷XUJDQ OÕNG]H\LQLQEDVLWoH .
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(122) rekabetçi refah düzeyi olarak tan ml d r. Biçimsel olarak ifade edilirse, 21.
(123) Nüfus Politikalar n n Refah ve Büyüme Maliyetleri: Genel Denge Çözümlemesine Dayal Yeni Bulgular.
(124) denklemi geçerlidir.Ŷ 7DQÕP Nüfus politikas n n refah maliyeti. laissez faire ve rekabetçi refah düzey-. leri aras ndaki mutlak farka eúittir. Biçimsel olarak ifade edilirse,
(125) denklemi geçerlidir.Ŷ gQHUPH Tutars z olmayan ve etkisiz olmayan nüfus politikalar n n refah maliyeti ikilileri vard r. Biçimsel olarak ifade edilirse, ’dan farkl olan ayn iúaretli tüm için,
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(137) \DNODúÕPÕQÕWDNLSHWPHNWHGLUDQFDN%|OP¶WHHOHDOÕQPÕúRODQQIXVSROLWLNDVÕGH÷LúNHQ OHUL YHSROLWLNDEWoHVL LOHJHQLúOHWLOPLúWLU%HúHULVHUPD\HQLQVUH 23.
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(143) . GH oRFXNODUÕQ KHU úHNOLQGH WDQÕPOD\ÕQÕ] %XUDGD HULúNLQ ELUH\LQ WNHWLP G]H\L ELULQLQ VDKLS RODFD÷Õ EHúHUL VHUPD\H G]H\LGLU %X EDNÕPGDQ G|QHPL HULúNLQ QHVOLQLQ EHúHUL VHUPD\H G]H\L GH ¶GLU 7HUFLK SDUDPHWUHVL HULúNLQ ELUH\OHULQ oRFXNODUÕQ WRSODPQLWHOL÷LQH\|QHOLNözgeci altruist
(144) WHUFLKOHULQLWHPVLOHWPHNWHGLU øNLQFL QRNWD EWoH NÕVÕWÕGÕU KHU oRFXN EDúÕQD HULúNLQ \DúDP ER\XQFD. ELULP. WNHWLP PDOÕQÕQ oRFXNODUÕQ H÷LWLPLQH KDUFDQGÕ÷ÕQÕ YH ELUH\OHULQ EHúHUL VHUPD\HOHULQGHQ DUÕQGÕUÕOPÕúELULPFUHWLQ ROGX÷XQXNDEXOHGLQL]%XGXUXPGDEWoHNÕVÕWÕ .
(145) . úHNOLQGHGLUYHSROLWLNDEWoHVLGHQNOL÷LDúD÷ÕGDNLNRúXOXVD÷ODPDNWDGÕU 24.
(146) .
(147) Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar (651) Mart 2020: 9-43. %HúHULVHUPD\HQLQoQFRODUDNHNOHPOHQGL÷LQRNWDUHWLPIRQNVL\RQXGXU'DKD|QFH
(148) LOHWDQÕPODQDQUHWLPIRQNVL\RQXQGDNLLúJFQG]H\L ¶\L]DPDQDED÷ÕPOÕYHetkili iúgücü RODUDNJHQLúOHWLQL]%XGXUXPGDUHWLPYHNkUIRQNVL\RQODUÕVÕUDVÕ\OD .
(149) .
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(152) . YHHWNLOLLúJFSL\DVDVÕLoLQGH .
(153) . úHNOLQGHGLU ve beúeri sermaye düzeyi olan t dönemi eriúkin nesli ve 7DQÕP Kütlesi tutarsz olmayan ve önemsiz olmayan t dönemi nüfus politikas bileúimi için, x. üçlüsünün
(154) denklemindeki fayday
(155) denklemindeki bütçe kst ve
(156). denklemindeki beúeri sermaye teknolojisi altnda maksimize etti÷i, x iúgücü talebi düzeyinin
(157) denklemindeki firma kârn maksimize etti÷i, x vergi ödemesi veya transfer gelirinin
(158) bütçe denkli÷ine uydu÷u ve x
(159) ve
(160) denklemlerindeki mal ve etkili iúgücü piyasalar denge koúullarnn sa÷land÷ da÷tmlar ve göreli fiyat, bir nüfus politikas altnda statik rekabetçi büyüme genel dengesidir ksaca, statik genel dengedir
(161) . Walras Yasas uyarnca, piyasa denge koúullarndan sadece biri dengeyi tanmlayc denklemler arasnda yer almaktadr.Ŷ 25.
(162) Nüfus Politikalarnn Refah ve Büyüme Maliyetleri: Genel Denge Çözümlemesine Dayal Yeni Bulgular. gQHUPH Statik genel denge vardr ve tektir.Ŷ VD÷ODQGÕ÷ÕQGD gQHUPH ¶QÕQ NDQÕWÕQGDQ J|UOHFH÷L ]HUH ILUPD GHQJHVL \LQH ROXúPDNWDGÕU <LQH NDQÕWWDQ J|UOHFH÷L ]HUH SDUDPHWUHVLWDQÕPODQÕUVDVWDWLNJHQHOGHQJHDOWÕQGDKHUKDQJLELU HULúNLQQHVOLQLQRSWLPDO RODUDNVHoWLNOHULGR÷XUJDQOÕNYHH÷LWLPG]H\OHULúXúHNLOGHGLU .
(163) . .
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(166) E\PHRUDQÕQDHúLWWLUYH EX EUW
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(168) büyüme oran pro-natalist politika bileúimlerinin ksa-dönemli büyüme maliyeti.
(169) ile gösterilirse,. .
(170) . olarak tanmldr.Ŷ gQHUPH Pro-natalist politikann ksa-dönemli büyüme maliyeti vardr; herhangi bir ikilisi için,
(171) sonucu geçerlidir.Ŷ
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(173) Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar (651) Mart 2020: 9-43. EDNÕPVUHVL]HULQGHNLVEYDQVL\RQ GDQ.
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(176) YH NÕVPL. WUHYOHULSR]LWLIWLU \DQLGDKD\NVHNVEYDQVL\RQRUDQODUÕGDKD\NVHNPDOL\HWGR÷XUPDN WDGÕU $\UÕFD EX LNL NÕVPL WUHYLQ RUDQODQPDVÕ LOH oRFXN EDNÕP VUHVL VEYDQVL\RQXQXQ \DUDWWÕ÷ÕE\PHPDOL\HWLQLQoRFXNEDNÕPPDVUDIÕVEYDQVL\RQXQXQ\DUDWWÕ÷ÕE\PHPD NDW E\N ROGX÷X J|UOPHNWHGLU %X EDNÕPGDQ E\PH VUHFL OL\HWLQGHQ GHYDPHWWLNoHLúJFDU]Õ]HULQGHNLVDSWÕUÕFÕHWNLGHJHQLúOHPHNWHYHGDKD\NVHNELUE \PHPDOL\HWLGR÷PDNWDGÕU gQHUPH Pro-natalist politikann ksa-dönemli büyüme maliyeti, e÷itimin yaúam boyu getirisi ile birlikte artmaktadr. Biçimsel olarak ifade edilirse, .
(177) . geçerlidir.Ŷ $oÕNoD J|UOG÷ ]HUH gQHUPH YH gQHUPH ¶LQ JHoHUOLOL÷L. IRQNVL\RQXQXQ. \DSÕVÕQDED÷OÕGH÷LOGLUd|]POHPHQLQJHULNDODQÕQGDNDSDOÕELoLPo|]POHUHXODúPDNLoLQ IRQNVL\RQXQXQ WÕSNÕ GH OD &URL[ YH *RVVHULHV¶WH
(178) ROGX÷X JLEL \DSÕVDO SDUDPHWUHOHU YH LOHWDQÕPOÕELUSDUDEROROGX÷XNDEXOHGLOPHNWHGLU .
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(180)
(181) YH
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(183) . úHNOLQGH\D]ÕODELOHFH÷LJ|UOPHNWHGLU. 27.
(184) Nüfus Politikalarnn Refah ve Büyüme Maliyetleri: Genel Denge Çözümlemesine Dayal Yeni Bulgular. . . ùHNLO 6WDWLN*HQHO'HQJHGH'R÷XUJDQOÕNYH(ULúNLQ1IXV. ùHNLO GR÷XUJDQOÕN LOH HULúNLQ QIXV G]H\L DUDVÕQGDNL VWDWLN JHQHO GHQJH LOLúNLVLQL UHVPHWPHNWHGLU
(185) GHQNOHPLQGHNLKDUHNHW\DVDVÕQDJ|UHKHU G]H\LLoLQGR÷XUJDQOÕN ¶\L\HQLOHQPHG]H\LRODQ¶HHúLWOH\HQELUHúLNHULúNLQQIXVG]H\L YDUGÕU (÷HU.
(186) . KHUKDQJL ELU QHGHQOH EX HúLN GH÷HUGHQ E\NVH EX GR÷XUJDQOÕ÷ÕQ ]DPDQ. PDOL\HWLQLQ J|UHFH \NVHN ROPDVÕQÕ JHUHNWLUHUHN GR÷XUJDQOÕ÷ÕQ GD \HQLOHQPH G]H\LQLQ DOWÕQGDNL J|UHFH GúN ELU GH÷HUGH ROXúPDVÕQD QHGHQ ROPDNWDGÕU %HQ]HU úHNLOGH HULúNLQ QIXV G]H\LQLQ HúLN G]H\LQGHQ GúN ROGX÷X VWDWLN JHQHO GHQJHGH HULúNLQ QIXV E\PHNWHGLU 'LQDPLNJHQHOGHQJH\LWDQÕPODPDGDQ|QFH
(187) YH
(188) GHQNOHPOHULNXOODQÕODUDNEH úHULVHUPD\H LoLQKDUHNHW\DVDVÕQÕQ .
(189) . RODUDN\D]ÕODELOHFH÷LGHJ|UOPHNWHGLU 7DQÕP beúeri sermaye düzeyi. tarihi için, baúlangç eriúkin nüfus kütlesi ve nüfus politikas bileúimleri dizisi. , baúlangç verili iken,. nüfus politikas altnda dinamik rekabetçi büyüme genel dengesi ksaca, dinamik genel denge
(190) , her için tanml statik genel dengelerin
(191) ve
(192) denklemlerindeki hareket yasalarn sa÷layan bir dizisidir.Ŷ 28.
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