Spatial analysis of good agricultural practices with geography information system in Aydın province of Turkey

(1)

E\363 9ROXPH²1RSDJHV )UHVHQLXV(QYLURQPHQWDO%XOOHWLQ

1

FEB - FRESENIUS ENVIRONMENTAL BULLETIN

Founded jointly by F. Korte and F. Coulston

Production by PSP - Vimy Str. 1e, 85354 Freising, Germany in cooperation with PRT-Parlar Research & Technology

Vimy Str 1e, 85354 Freising

All rights are reserved, especially the right to translate into foreign language or other processes - or convert to a machine language, especially for data processing equipment - without written permission of the publisher. The rights of reproduction by lecture, radio and television transmission, magnetic sound recording or similar means are also reserved.

(2)

1749 FEB-EDITORIAL BOARD

CHIEF EDITOR: MANAGING EDITOR:

Prof. Dr. Dr. H. Parlar Dr. P. Parlar

Parlar Research & Technology-PRT Parlar Research & Technology Vimy Str.1e PRT, Vimy Str.1e

85354 Freising, Germany 85354 Freising, Germany CO-EDITORS:

Environmental Spectroscopy Environmental Management Prof. Dr. A. Piccolo Dr. K. I. Nikolaou

8QLYHUVLWDGL1DSROL³)UHGHULFR,,´ Env.Protection of Thessaloniki Dipto. Di Scienze Chemica Agrarie OMPEPT-54636 Thessaloniki Via Universita 100, 80055 Portici, Italy Greece

Environmental Biology Environmental Toxicology

Prof. Dr. G. Schuurmann Prof. Dr. H. Greim

UFZ-Umweltzentrum Senatkommision ± DFG / TUM

Sektion Chemische Ökotoxikologie 85350 Freising, Germany Leipzig-Halle GmbH, Environmental Proteomic

Permoserstr.15, 04318 Dr. A. Fanous

04318 Leipzig, Germany Halal Control GmbH

Prof. Dr. I. Holoubek Kobaltstr. 2-4

Recetox-Tocoen D-65428 Rüsselsheim, Germany

Kamenice126/3, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic Environmental Education

Prof. Dr. M. Hakki Alma Prof. Dr. C. Bayat

Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Esenyurt Üniversitesi

Avsar Kampusu, 46100 Kahramanmaras, Turkey 34510 Esenyurt, Istanbul, Turkey Environmental Analytical Chemistry

Prof. Dr. M. Bahadir Lehrstuhl für Ökologische Chemie und Umweltanalytik

TU Braunschweig Lehrstuhl für Ökologische Chemie Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany Dr. D. Kotzias Via Germania29 21027 Barza(Va), Italy

Advisory Board Marketing Manager K. Bester, K. Fischer, R. Kallenborn Cansu Ekici, B. of B.A. DCG. Muir, R. Niessner,W.Vetter, PRT-Research and Technology

A. Reichlmayr-Lais, D. Steinberg, Vimy Str 1e

J. P. Lay, J. Burhenne, L. O. Ruzo 85354 Freising, Germany E-Mail: parlar@wzw.tum.de

parlar@prt-parlar.de Phone: +49/8161887988

(3)

1750 Fresenius Environmental Bulletin is abstracted/indexed in:

Biology & Environmental Sciences, BIOSIS, CAB International, Cambridge Scientific abstracts, Chemical Abstracts, Current Awareness, Current Contents/Agriculture, CSA Civil Engineering Abstracts, CSA Mechanical & Transportation Engineering, IBIDS database, Information Ventures, NISC, Research Alert, Science Citation Index (SCI), Scisearch, Selected Water Resources Abstracts

(4)

1753

^zEd,^/^ E /E s/dZK Ed/DzKdZ/> /Es^d/'d/KE K& ϮͲͬϯͲ><KyzW,Ez>ZD/ / Z/sd/s^ KEd/E/E'ϰǲͲ;WzZ/D//EͲϮǲͲz>ͿW/WZ/EͲϭǲͲz>DK/dz

2052

Ivan Malik, Milos Lukac, Jaroslav Galba and Jirina Stolarikova

d,s>hd/s^dhzK&K>K'/>^h/d/>/dzK&t/EWKtZs>KWDEdW>EE/E' 2063

Zhidong Li, Fan Zhang, Guobao Song

/KͲ'EZd/KEK&E'd/s/Z/KE^z'Z^^hWKE>dZ/>^d/Dh>d/KEWW>/dK>tE 2071

Mei Zhu, Jun Zhang, Qingliang You, Gary S. Banuelos, Zengliang Yu, Miao Li, Nazir Ahmed Bazai, Mohammad Tahir

ZDKs>K&>/KE^&ZKDYhKh^^K>hd/KEzD'ͬhͬ&>zZKh>,zZKy/^E/d^D,E/^D 2079

Jianyao Zhu, Zhiliang Zhu, Weining Hu, Hua Zhang, Hongtao Lu, Yanling Qiu

^KD,szDd>>s>^/EDh^>d/^^hK&^sE&/^,^W/^&ZKDd,^h)>Ezb,/Z><^͕dhZ<z 2090

Haluk Ozparlak, Murad Aydin Sanda, Gulsin Arslan

KDWZ/^KEK&KEdZK>^dZd'/^&KZ/^^K>sKyz'EKEEdZd/KE/Ed/sd^>h'WZK^^ 2099

Evrim Akyurek, Erdal Karadurmus, Mehmet Yuceer, Eda Goz, Ilknur Atasoy, Ridvan Berber

^d/>/dzK&DK/&/Kh>ZK^^D/,zZ/^&KZz/>WZDdZ^ZK^^&KhZEs/ZKEDEd^ 2113

Syed Majid Rasheed, Hidayatur Rahman, Ikramullah, Zafar Hayat Khan, Muhammad Ali, Syed Saleem Shah, Wajid Ali Shah, Manzoor Ahmad, Tariq Shah,Amjad Iqbal, Arshad Ali Khan and Farooq Shah

&&d^ K& ^ E^/dz KE ^KD DKZW,K>K'/> WZKWZd/^ E EhdZ/Ed ^ddh^ K& dtKͲzZ K> dhZh^ Z;Zh^>/E/͘Z/,͘Ϳ^>/E'^

2121

Sukru Teoman Guner, Ugur Sahin, Dilek Guner, Riza Karatas, Nesat Erkan

^>d/sZDKs>K&'EKdKy/KDWKhEWͲE/dZKE/>/E&ZKDtdZzEKs>DK>h>Z/DWZ/EdWK>zDZ 2131

:HL=KDQJ=KLOLDQJ=KX+XD=KDQJLinyan Zhu, <DQOLQJ4LX

/DWZKsDEd K& E E & KEEdZd/KE^ /E D/ 'Z/E^ ^ /E&>hE z E WW>/d/KE /E >K^^ W>dh͕ ,/E

2145

Hui Mao, Teng Zhang, Zhaohui Wang,Menghua Li

'Zd/KE</Ed/K&Zd/sZKzz&EdKEͲ>/<WZK^^h^/E'KE>/E^WdZKW,KdKDdZ/Dd,K 2154

Hang Xu, Tianlong Yu, Jianxu Wang, Xiaoxi Guo, Airong Xu

KZ'E/ ZKE ^dKZ' E /d^ >>Kd/KE ,ZdZ/^d/^ /E d, K/> dZ D>>/ K>/&Z K^z^dD /E >KE',hE͕'hE'KE'͕,/E

2166

Zhiyi Cui, Xiaomei Deng, Ruchun Xi, Daping Xu, Ruiping Li, Jiaxin Hu, Wen Zhu, Yilin Xu, Jinfeng Jiao

^KZWd/KEK&d,>KtKEEdZd/KEZ;ϭͿKED'Ed/,/dK^EͬWs,zZK'>^ 2174

Na Yi, Yaoguo Wu, Jianguo Wei, Sheng Zhang and Puhui Ji

^h^d/E>^K>hd/KE&KZd,z>EEZDKs>͗,KZ/KEd>^h^hZ&&>KtKE^dZhdtd>E^ dZdDEd

2183

Ezio Ranieri, Angela Gorgoglione, Gabriela Ionescu

^d/Dd/KEK&D/^^/E's>h/EE>z^/^K&sZ/E͖^/Dh>d/KE^dhz 2193

Ozgur Koskan, Elif Gul Onder

><>/E^^/^d,zZKzED/s/dd/KE&KZ/^/Ed'Zd/KEK&t^dd/sd^>h' 2205

Fatma Olcay Topac Sagban, Habibe Gozde Tasdemir

^Wd/> E>z^/^ K& 'KK 'Z/h>dhZ> WZd/^ t/d, 'K'ZW,z /E&KZDd/KE ^z^dD /E z/E WZKs/E K& dhZ<z

2213

M. CuneytBagdatli, Oktay Erdogan, Onder Eralp

K^tZD/E'/E&>hE&ZͲd,tdZd/^^K>sE/Etd>E^K/>^K>hd/KE^ 2220

(5)

E\363 9ROXPH²1R )UHVHQLXV(QYLURQPHQWDO%XOOHWLQ

2213

SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF GOOD AGRICULTURAL

PRACTICES WITH GEOGRAPHY INFORMATION SYSTEM

IN AYDIN PROVINCE OF TURKEY

M. CuneytBagdatli1*_{, Oktay Erdogan}1_{, Onder Eralp}2

1 _{1HYúHKLU+DFÕ%HNWDú9HOL8QLYHUVLW\}_{Engineering-$UFKLWHFWXUH)DFXOW\%LRV\VWHP(QJLQHHULQJ'HSDUWPHQW1HYúHKLU7XUNH\} 2_{Nazilli Cotton Research Institute, 09800, $\GÕQ7urkey}

ABSTRACT

In this study, located in Turkey's Aegean Region of Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) in $\GÕn province between 2009-2013 years with Geographical Information System (GIS) was carried out with the help of the spatial scope of the evaluation. Some production areas in the districts of good agricultural practice data were obtained from WKH $\GÕQ 3URYLQFLDO 'LUHFWRUDWH RI )RRG Agriculture and Livestock. Arc GIS 10.3.1 software was used to evaluate the spatial data covered by the study and determining the intermediate value spline interpolation it was XWLOL]HGVWDWLVWLFDODSSURDFK$\GÕQSURYLQFHVWDUWHG the year on a total of 17 districts in the county have a decent amount of work carried out in some agricultural areas as spatial maps by transferring data in the GIS software is built into the base coordinates. According to the study, produced spatial map in 2009 year where the most GAP 225.1 ha area is seen in Söke, whereas for øQFLUOLRYD.DUSX]OXdLQHDQG%XKDUNHQWZHUHQRW found to be in GAP. In 2010 and 2011 years, GAP held the most Kuyucak (723.0 ha-563.0 ha), ZKHUHDV IRU .DUSX]OX dLQH .|úN <HQLSD]DU DQG Buharkent were not found to be in GAP. Kuyucak where most GAP's done (580.6 ha) has been observed and It was determined that lack of good agricultural practices in .XúDGDVÕ øQFLUOLRYD Karpuzlu and Buharkent in 2012 year. In 2013 year, it made the most GAP's Sultanhisar in 503.2 ha, while the Germencik and Karpuzlu were not found to be the GAP. Good agricultural practice is a form of agriculture that takes into account more environmental friendly production techniques. So, it is emerging as increasingly inevitable dissemination of environmental friendly good agricultural practices.

KEYWORDS:

GAP, Geography Information System, Spatial Analysis, Agricultural Product, Enviroment

INTRODUCTION

Good Agricultural Practice (GAP), habitable social aspects of agricultural production systems, economically profitable and efficient, protecting human health is defined as a transaction that should be applied to make an emphasis on the environment and animal health and welfare [1]. The aim of GAP; environment, human and animal agricultural production is done does not harm the health, preservation of natural resources, ensuring food safety and agricultural traceability and sustainability [2]. Good agricultural practises (GAP), a certificated production system, have come to agenda in 2000 years with a demand coming from Europe. The problems faced in Turkish fresh fruit and vegetables export to EU has forced both producers and exporters to use EUREPGAP certification. The interest of government, local administrators and exporters to the GAP has encouraged the producers to shift GAP system in the production in particular to sustain export markets [3]. Today, close to 12 thousand producers in 40 countries in the world, is producing about 4 million square meters in fresh fruits and vegetables in the EUREPGAP discipline. At the beginning of the EUREPGAP certified product demand and 90 % of retailers in the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and 65 %, Belgium 51 %, Spain with 41 % in Finland and it is listed as 23 % [4].

Turkey belongs in GAP certification studies, it started with EUREPGAP Protocol. Since 2003, the fruit and vegetable sector exporting to European countries, GAP is done according to the EUREPGAP criteria. GAP held in Turkey in 2007. The number of 18 provinces, the certified area 5.360 ha certified manufacturer and the number of 651. However, as the years there has been a significant increase in the number of agricultural producers who do good. In 2014, the number of 53 to the provinces GAP certified 21.477 ha areas in the number of certified producers reached 21.332 piece [5].

GAP is an important component of modern agricultural systems and reducing environmental pollution at different levels are supported by national and international regulations [6]. In 2014 year, according to GAP rules that produce fruits

(6)

2214

and vegetables for 1.7 $ / ha, while those who do the production under cover of 5.1 $ /ha also support payments are made [7]. Besides, the difference varies according to the product payment of domestic support, the use of certified seed, certified seed production of domestic support, seedlings and saplings support, such as support for irrigation are also of interest discount loans. planning of Good agricultural practices aims agricultural production, improving on record, marketing, aimed to give guarantees access to healthy food for all activities and transactions consumers by bringing together about delivering to consumers in the food safety chain of safe products [8]. Agricultural enterprises in the province of Aydin is small and fragmented, total 70.884 pieces agricultural enterprises is available. Intellectuals agricultural enterprises in the province generally is doing with vegetable + animal production, the proportion of this business is 36%. This is followed by businesses and businesses that only enterprises engaged in crop production and livestock production is only 29 % and 35 %, respectively [9]. Agriculture crop pattern forecasting, yield forecasting, determination of meadows and pastures, identifying areas fallow, monitoring of plant growth, soil classification, irrigation and drainage studies, water resources protection planning, agriculture and resource estimates for livestock, as many as the determination of rural areas, agriculture GIS can also be used for this purpose [10].

Agricultural work in our country, there are many studies to assess the spatial GIS environment. However, there is little good agricultural field studies to assess the spatial. In this context, Turkey's year of good agricultural practice areas in WRWDO GLVWULFWV LQ $\GÕQ SURYLQFH LQ -2013 years were carried out a pilot study to determine the trend changes in some. In the study, evaluated data on GAP domain of geographic information systems, spatial environments Aydin province, analyzed changes in the course of the GAP space and GIS have tried to reveal the effectiveness of these types of studies.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Study area. 7KH$\GÕQSURYLQFHLVFKRVHQDV study area. It is Turkey's Aegean Region of $\GÕQ province within 7.904 km2_{area which has} geographic coordinates between 37°50ƍ1 DQG 17°53ƍ1 ODWLWXGH DQG 27°50ƍ( DQG 39°91ƍ( longitude. In the study area, %XKDUNHQW .XúDGDVÕ 'LGLP 6|NH *HUPHQFLN øQFLUOLRYD .RoDUOÕ .DUSX]OX dLQH .|úN 6XOWDQKLVDU <HQLSD]DU %R]GR÷DQ1D]LOOL.X\XFDN.DUDFDVX&HQWUXPRI $\GÕQGLVWULFWVDUHORFDWHG (Fig. 1). $\GÕQSURYLQFH is located in western Turkey in the Aegean region

has a total area of 800.700 ha. The total area of 363.215 ha (45.3 %) of the farming is done. This area of 29.720 ha of good agricultural land, 25.242 ha of grassland, forest land 315.132 ha, 14.950 ha of lakes and swamps, as 82.161 ha of non-agricultural land is distributed [9].

FIGURE 1 Study area, Aydin.

Data use. In this study, datas of the good agricultural practices between 2009-2013 years have taken from records of the Turkey Statistical ,QVWLWXWHDQG $\GÕQ'LUHFWRUDWH RI3URYLQFLDO )RRG Agriculture and Livestock [5, 9].

Method. Geographic Information Systems software (Arc GIS 10.3.1) is used for the realization of spatial analysis in this study. Related software "Spatial Analyst" module Based on the data in the aid, predicting unknown points "Spline Entelpolation" approach was used. In this study, *RRG $JULFXOWXUDO 3UDFWLFHV LQ $\GÕQ Province (2009-2013 years) was carried out to map the spatial basis. The spatial analysis module of the Arc GIS 10.3.1 software covered by the creation of spatial GIS mapping was used. The statistical approach of the Spline entelpolasyon is used of the resulting Good Agricultural Practices in the context of spatial mapping [11, 12]. Approaches should add a special type of spline interpolation polynomial with a group of other techniques and are preferred for the simple polynomial interpolation. Because, search is able to estimate the value of more parameters Spline function assumes that an error in the data therefore also needs to be a localcorrection [13].

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

The areas of good agricultural practises were given for the years 2009 and 2013 LQ $\GÕQ

(7)

2215

province and districts [7] (Table 1). :KHQ $\GÕQ district are some of the best farmland in the course

of examining the changes in some; More

TABLE 1

The area amounts of good agricultural practices according to years.

Numbers Districts The areas of good agricultural practices (ha)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 1 $\GÕQ Centrum 66.2 75.2 164.9 229.2 399.6 2 .XúDGDVÕ 9.8 50.5 15.6 0.0 99.3 3 Didim 93.7 93.7 55.3 99.3 225.8 4 Söke 225.1 311.5 366.1 278.2 396.0 5 Germencik 93.7 125.9 219.2 173.2 0.0 6 øQFLUOLRYD 0.0 4.4 10.0 0.0 37.4 7 .RoDUOÕ 148.9 307.7 286.6 232.7 117.8 8 Karpuzlu 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 9 Çine 0.0 0.0 8.6 52.3 53.5 10 .|úN 0.0 0.0 11.3 11.0 39.0 11 Sultanhisar 23.6 82.3 340.0 372.0 503.2 12 Yenipazar 0.0 0.0 131.0 234.8 106.5 13 %R]GR÷DQ 10.2 31.9 80.6 136.8 210.8 14 Nazilli 42.3 127.8 147.4 211.3 290.8 15 Kuyucak 142.2 723.0 563.0 580.6 468.8 16 Karacasu 4.5 10.2 24.7 24.3 22.8 17 Buharkent 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 77.1

application of GAP is made in Söke district with 225.1 ha areas in 2009 year, Good agricultural practices were not found to have made in Yenipazar %XKDUNHQW GLVWULFWV øQFLUOLRYD .DUSX]OX dLQH DQG .|úNGLVWULFWV

While the most good agricultural practice in 2010 year, it was present in Kuyucak district (723.0 ha), untreated districts have been identified as Karpuzlu and Buharkent. In determining the maximum area of good agricultural practices in Kuyucak district (563.0 ha; 580.6 ha) between 2011-2012 years, respectively.

In 2011 year, untreated districts have been identified as Karpuzlu and Buharkent, In 2012 year, XQWUHDWHGGLVWULFWVKDYHEHHQLGHQWLILHGDV.XúDGDVÕ øQFLUOLRYD .DUSX]OX DQG %XKDUNHQW ,Q \HDU the maximum amount of land where good agricultural practices is seen in Sultanhisar districts in 503.2 ha, while the Karpuzlu and Germencik have not been shown to be of good agricultural practices. Overall good agricultural practices counties in 2013. Given the modest increase compared to the year 2009; Good agricultural

practices in all areas of the county outside the county increased GHUPHQFLNDQG.RoDUOÕ7DEOH

$FFRUGLQJ WR DOO RI GLVWULFWV LQ $\GÕQ WKH spatial maps between 2009-2013 years of the areas good agricultural practices in GIS are shown in Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. According to the GIS spatial analysis conducted in; maximum areal density made good agricultural practices as contained in the 6|NH GLVWULFW RI $\GÕQ ZHVW LV REVHUYHG $UHDO GHQVLW\LQWKLVVHQVH.RoDUOÕDQG.X\XFDN districts were also put forward as a result of the upward trend analysis that compared to other areas. The territorial base in the north central province of $\GÕQ FHQWHU ORFDWHG LQ DUHDV LQ WKH VRXWK DQG southeast of the good agricultural practices that are less or not at all seem to be made of the application (Fig. 2). The area where most good agricultural practices making is Kuyucak district (15) as seen in \HDU6RNH.RoDUOÕGLVWULFWVDUHVHHQDV areas that are more than other areas of good agricultural practices. In other areas of good agricultural practice or never performed or performed compared to most applications are made until the application area in less space (Fig. 3) Good

(8)

2216

agricultural practices made maps of the area west of the Kuyucak (15), Soke (4), Sultanhisar (11), .RoDUOÕDQG*HUPHQFLNLVVHHQLQWKHGLVWULFW in 2011 year. In other areas, the density is less good agricultural practices Karpuzlu (8) and Buharkent (17) is not applied at all in the district. In general, there seems to be much better compared to

other areas of the county where farming practices of WKH ZHVWHUQ SURYLQFH RI $\GÕQ PDS RI WKH northeastern part of the area located in parts of the agricultural area (Fig. 4). The area where good agricultural practices indicate density areas in the more northern regions of eastern and western parts

FIGURE 2

The spatial distrubitions of good agricultural areas in 2009 year.

FIGURE 3

(9)

2217

FIGURE 4

FIGURE 5

FIGURE 6

The spatial distrubitions of good agriculture areas in 2013 year.

in 2012 year. Other area compared to most good agricultural practice is done with the county

Kuyucak (15), which is the county respectively Sultanhisar (11), Söke (4), Yenipazar (12) and

(10)

2218

.RoDUOÕ LV IROORZHG GLVWULFWV 7KH good

agricultural practice have been identified as not SHUIRUPHG .XúDGDVÕ øQFLUOLRYD .DUSX]OX (8) and Buharkent (17) districts (Fig. 5). In 2013 year, good agricultural practices made the areal densities in some districts in the northern part remaining with generally northeast and western parts are seen. The most good agricultural practices made the Sultanhisar district (11), this district (15) is followed the Kuyucak district. The district made no Germencik good agricultural practices (5) and watermelon (8) is defined as. Especially good agricultural practices in areas of south-eastern and southern parts distribution showed less as compared to other areas (Figure 6).

Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Research and Application Farm and Field Crops Research Institute land in GIS environment in a study conducted to determine the suitability of agricultural land use; GIS created the soil for each territory by using techniques such as data layers have formed to examine the conditions of topography and irrigation of agricultural land suitability index and classify their farmland to the GIS environment. The end of the Research; 7.15 % of the total area (69.3 ha) ponds that form the marshes and rocky areas, 16.24 % in terms of agricultural suitability of the land (157.2 ha) is very suitable (S1), 34.30 % in (332.1 ha) suitable (S2) and 30.27 % of (293.1 ha), less suitable (S3) determined that they are on land. 12.04 % of the study area (116.6 ha), have demonstrated that there is appropriate soil properties related to agricultural use [14]. In some agricultural production data before the GAP Southeastern Anatolia Region and the period after the town of agricultural products by processing the digital map composition, geographic distribution of its essential characteristics were analyzed with relation to geographical boundaries and GIS tools [15]. Example of Good Agricultural Practices and the Çanakkale Province in Turkey "have made the definition of good agricultural practices is in the works and fruits were evaluated GAP's practice facility in Çanakkale province, which has a large share in vegetable production. As a result of Çanakkale 61 acres of the 611 producers received EUREPGAP certificate, demonstrated that fruit and vegetable area was 396 M2_{in area} certified according to the GAP system [16]. The applicability of GAP of the country is directly proportional to the level of development and infrastructure. The structure of a large number of small-scale enterprises in our country, farmers and farmer organizations Considering that inadequate low level of education can not be realized in this application only arises statute [17].

CONCLUSIONS

There are many applications for the agricultural data management of Geographical Information System. However, the implementation of good agricultural practices in our country in the GIS alone thought to occur than the obtained for a new issue has not been observed in many studies to assess spatial.

GAP spatial maps of studies, particularly surveys done as well as GIS-based database with the help of the GAP data transferred on the basis of territorial evaluation is extremely important.Nowadays, with the development of technology and data evaluation software to be more healthy and precautions to be taken to ensure and HDVH WKH GHFLVLRQ PDNLQJ SURFHVV7XUNH\V $\GÕQ province as a pilot evaluation of the best farmland in the chosen spatial and years of establishing a spatial change in the course of some will make it easier for decision makers.Effective and space-based information in a GIS environment as a result of the evaluation made by the effective use of the GAP will allow density to be given to areas where less done. Efforts to increase agricultural training and extension activities in areas where GAP vary by more or less made in the interpretation of the map set out in Spatial-based assessments can be carried out more efficiently as a result. An environmentally friendly form of agriculture should be noted that good agricultural practices. The all of applications made in good farmland minimal impact on the environment by adopting the way environmental resources are more sensitive to agricultural production. So, it is necessary to expand the eco-friendly good agricultural practices.

(11)

2219

REFERENCES

[1] Anonymous. (2010). The Regulation on Good Agricultural Practices. Online located at: http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ (in Turkish) [2] Hasdemir, M. (2009). Good Agricultural

Practices in the World and Turkey. Journal of Standart, 565,

[3] 32-37. (in Turkish)

[4] Akkaya, F., <DOoÕQ, R. and Ozkan, B. (2006). Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) and Its Implementation in Turkey. Acta Horticulturae, 699, 47-52.

[5] øoHO, C.D. (2007). Comparison with the European Union and Turkey in the country Good Agricultural

[6] Practices. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and External Relations and European Union

[7] Coordination Department. Online located at: http:// www.tarim.gov.tr/ABDGM

[8] TSI (Turkish Statistical Institute). (2015). Agricultural structure and production. Government Statistic

[9] Institute of Prime Minister Publ. Online located at: http://www.tuik.gov.tr (in Turkish)

[10] <ÕOGÕ], M., Gürkan, M.O., Turgut, C., Kaya, Ü. and Ünal, G. (2005). Environmental Problems Caused by the pesticide used in agricultural control. In: 6th Turkey Agricultural Engineering Technical Congress, Ankara, pp. 649-665. (in Turkish)

[11] Ministry of Food Agricultural and Livestock. (2014). 5HSRUWV RI $\GÕQ 'LUHFWRUDWH RI Provincial Food Agriculture and Livestock. Online located at: KWWS$\GÕQWDULPJRYWU (in Turkish)

[12] øoHO, C.D., Yüksel, B. and Uz, M. (2009). Good Agricultural Practice in the European Union. Journal of

[13] Standart, 565, 44-49. (in Turkish)

[14] Ministry of Food Agriculture and Livestock. $JULFXOWXUH 0DVWHU 3ODQ RI $\GÕQ Province. Online

[15] located at: KWWS$\GÕQWDULPJRYWU (in Turkish)

[16] <RPUDOÕR÷OX, T. (2000). Geographic Information system, The Basic Concept and Applications. Seçil Press, øVWDQEXOpp. 480. (in Turkish)

[17] Franke, R. (1982). Smooth Interpolation of Scattered Data by Local Thin Plate Splines. Journal of Computation and Mathematics with Applications, 8, 273-281.

[18] Mitas, L. and Mitasova, H. (1988). General Variational Approach to the Interpolation Problem. Journal of Computation and Mathematics with Applications, 16, 983-992.

[19] Hengl, T. (2007). A Practical Guide to Geostatistical Mapping of Environmental Variables. European Communities, 1-2-3, Italy. [20] 7X÷Do, M.G. and Torunlar, H. (2006). Study on Determination of Eligibility Agricultural Use of

[21] Farmland. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 13, 3, 157-165.

[22] .DUDGR÷DQ, S. and Özgen, N. (2006 ). GIS of Quality, Change and Distribution of Agricultural Production in the Southeast Anatolia Region. In: 4th Geographic Information Systems Information Days, øVWDQEXO, pp. 223-230. (in Turkish)

[23] Egesel, B., Ekinci, N. and Tan, S. (2008). Example of the Çanakkale and Good Agricultural Practices in Turkey. In: Lapseki Symposium, Çanakkale, pp. 41-48. (in Turkish)

[24] Gözen, H. (2010). Good Agricultural Practices in Greenhouse Production Operations: A Case Study of Magosa, Cyprus. M.Sc.Thesis, 1DPÕN Kemal University.

Received: 27.11.2015 Accepted: 25.03.2016

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR M. Cuneyt Bagdatli

The University of Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli, Department of Biosystem Engineering, 50300 Nevsehir ± TURKEY