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★ The City Walls — These were constructed in the 5 cent ury A.D. and repaired a number o f times during the By zantine period. The main gates are as follows: Yedikule, Topkapi and Edimekapi (Sevens Towers, Cannon Gate and Adrianople Gate).
* Hippodrome — Fuilt in the II century A.D. Chariot races used to be held here.
★ Sultan Ahmet Mosque (The Blue Mosque) — Con structed by Sultan Ahmet in the X VII century. There are six minarets, four of them having three « şerefe » (galle ries) and the other two, two « şerefe ». Sultan Ahmet is buried in the tomb to be found here.
ic Fatih Mosque — Built by Fatih Sultan Mehmet (the Conqueror) in 1471, later destroyed by an earthquake and rebuilt on la larger scale during the reign o f Mustafa III. The tomb o f the Conqueror stands beside the mosque.
Siileymaniye Mosque — This is the finest work of
the architect Sinan after the Selimiye Mosque and it was built between 1549-1557, during the reign o f Sultan Süley man the Lawgiver. The great dome rests on four giant bases. It has four minarets and at total o f ten « şerefe » (galleries). A lovely fountain for ritual lashing which is entirely paved with marble, stands in the courtyard of the mosque. Round about are the medrese, soup kitchen, hospital and tombs.
if Yeni (New) Mosque — This is a beautiful example o f a X V II century mosque, particularly admired for its tiles. It has two minarets, six « şerefe » (galleries) and 66 domes.
if Eyüp Mosque — Constructed in 1458 by Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror. II was modified to its present form in the X V III century. The tomb o f Sultan Eyüp is a place o f pilgrimage.
if Rustem Paşa Mosque — Constructed in 1561 by the architect Sinan, the decorative tiles are very lovely.
if Sokollu Mosque — Designed by Sinan and built on the orders o f Sokollu Mehmet Paşa in 1571. It has a single minaret.
if Mihrimah Sultan Mosque — Opposite the landing stage at Üsküdar, this mosque was constructed by Sinan in 1548 for the daughter o f Sultan Süleyman the Lawgiver, Mihrimah Sultan. It has two minarets.
if Archaeological Museum — Here one may see Greek, Roman and Byzantine objects. The famous Tomb o f Alex ander and Tomb o f the Weeping Woman are to be found here. The collection o f old coins is also of interest.
if Museum of Ancient Oriental Art — Houses a collec tion o f Egyptian, Assyrian, Sumerian and Hittite objects.
★ Kariye Mosque (Museum) — Dates from the V century. Formerly a church, later turned into a mosque, it is now a museum. It is well-known for its wonderful mosaics.
if Sultan Ahmet III Fountain — This is perhaps the most beautiful o f the fountains o f İstanbul. Constructed in 1728, it is one o f the type of fountain constructed in the form o f a little four-sided pavilion standing in a square. It has five domes and a wide-eaved roof. On each side there is a niche containing a fountain and on each corner there is a fount of drinking water. The whole o f the foutain is decorated with gold ornamentation, reliefs and tiles.
★ Covered Bazaar — This is one o f the most interest ing places in Istanbul. Constructed primarily by Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror, il was destroyed by fire about 100 years later. Sultan Süleyman the Lawgiver had it repaired. Here one may find all kind of valuable goods.
i f Kız Kulesi (Tower of Leander) — This is a land mark o f Istanbul. It is thought to have been constructed by the Emperor Constantine and a number o f legends have grown up around it.
★ Beyazit Tower — Built in 1828 by Murat II, this was used as a fire tower.
★ Galata Tower — Said to have been constructed by Zenon, one o f the Byzantine Emperors in the V century. Captured by the Genoese in the X IV century it was used by them as an observation tower.
if Çemberlitaş (Burnt Column) — Erected in 330 A.D. by Constantine.
★ Dikili Taş (Obelisk) — Also known as Theodosius’ Column. To b e ’ found in Sultan Ahmet Square. It was brought from Egypt during the reign o f the Byzantine Emperor Julian, and erected during the reign o f Theodo sius.
if Topkapi Palace — Built by Sultan Mehmet the Con queror between 1465 and 1468. Now used as a museum. The porcelain, precious stones, and old Turkish weapon collections are particularly interesting.
★ Ayasofya (St. Sophia) — Built by Constantine in 347 A.D. and subsequently destroyed by fire. The Emperor Justinian had it rebuilt on a grander scale. Following the capture o f İstanbul by the Turks it was turned into a Mosque. Kemal Atatürk made it a Museum.
★ Riistem Paşa Mosque — Constructed in 1561 by the architect Sinan, the decorative tiles are very lovely.
★ Sokollu Mosque — Designed by Sinan and built on the orders o f Sokollu Mehmet Paşa in 1571. It has a single minaret.
if Mihrimak Sultan Mosque — Opposite the landing stage at Üsküdar, this mosque was constructed by Sinan in 1548 for the daughter o f Sultan Süleyman the Lawgiver, Mihrimah Sultan. It has two minarets.
if Dolmabahçe Palace — Built by Sultan Abdülmecit in 1854.
if Yıldız Palace — Constructed as a summer residence by Abdülmecit in 1844, this was lated added to and turned in a palace by Abdülmecit II.
if Beylerbeyi Palace — Built in 1865 by Sultan Abdüla- ziz, the inner part o f this palace is constructed o f white marble. A number o f royal visitors have stayed here.
★ Tekfur Palace (Constantine Porphyrogenetus) — Da tes from the X II century.
★ Anadolu Hisarı (Anatolian Fortress) — Built in -393 beside the Sweet Waters o f Asia by Yıldırım Beyazıt.
★ Rumeli Hisarı (Rumelian Fortress) — Built by Sul tan Mehmet the Conqueror in 1452, The fortress has three towers, thirteen minor towers and five doors,
antiques, carpets, jewelry gold, silver and other metals.
CISTERNS:
if Binbir Direk (Thousand and one Columns) — One of the largest o f the Byzantine cisterns.
if Yerebatan Sarayı (Sunken Palace) — A large water cistern constructed in the VI century by Justinian, it con tains 336 columns.
PARKS:
★ Gülhane Park — Situated at Seraglio Point. Every year from May to October a «Spring and Flower Festival» is held here.
if Yıldız Park — This is a large woody park over looking the Bosphorus laid out in a charmingly natural manner.
★ Yalova — A two hours journey by boat from İstan bul. This town is famous for its hot springs. One may also see Greek, Roman and Byzantine remains.
PLACES TO VISIT:
★ The Bosphorus — Salacak, Küçüksü, Lido, Yeniköy, Therapia, Beyaz Park.
★ The Anatolian shore — Moda, Fener, Suadiye, Bos- tanci, Maltepe, Caddebostan, Kartal.
★ Rumeli (European shore) — Ataköy (Bakıköy), Flor ya, Küçükçekmece, Soğuksu.
★ The Islands — Yörükali (Büyükada), Çam Limanı (Heybeliada).
★ In the Vicinity — Kilyos, Şile, Yalova.
★ The Golden Horn — 7.300 meters long, the Golden Horn is at its widest between Kasımpaşa and Cibali. During the Ottoman Empire it was a favourite place fo r excursions and in the Tulip Period in particular a number of decorative villas were built along the shores. The Golden Horn becomes gradually narrower before terminating at Alibey and The Sweet Waters o f Europe.
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-Kişisel Arşivlerde Istanbul Belleği Taha Toros Arşivi
