Antik Yazarlar

A substituição do premix inorgânico comercial pelo premix orgânico Bioplex TR®, na proporção de 33%, proporciona os mesmos resultados de desempenho, conversão alimentar, características de carcaça e qualidade de carne para suínos em crescimento e terminação (20 aos 100 kg).

Baseado nos resultados encontrados, podemos sugerir que os níveis de inclusão usados pela indústria de nutrição animal podem ser reduzidos em até 66% ao usar minerais de fontes orgânicas, diminuindo os custos com suplementação mineral além de reduzir a excreção de nutrientes no ambiente por terem maior biodisponibilidade, tendo benefícios econômicos e ambientais.

REFERÊNCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS

BERG, E.P. Swine Nutrition, the conversion of muscle to meat, and pork quality. In: LEWIS, A.J.; SOUTHERN, L.L. Swine Nutrition, 2 ed, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2001, p. 631-658.

BROSSI, C.; CONTRERAS-CASTILLO, C. J.; AMAZONAS, E. A. et al. Estresse térmico durante o pré-abate em frangos de corte. Ciência Rural, v. 39, n. 4, p. 1296-1305, 2009.

BURKETT, J.; STALDER, K.J.; POWERS, W.J. et al. The effect of inorganic, organic and no trace mineral supplementation on growth performance, fecal excretion and digestibility on grow-finish swine. Animal Industry Report, 2006.

COFFEY, R.D.; CROMWELL, G.L.; MONEGUE, H.J. Efficacy of a cooper-lysine complex as growth promotant for wealing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, v. 72, p. 2880-2886, 1994.

CREECH, B. L., J. W. SPEARS, W. L. FLOWERS, G. M. et al. Effect of dietary trace mineral concentration and source (inorganic vs. chelated) on performance, mineral status, and fecal mineral excretion in pigs from weaning through finishing. Journal of Animal Science, v. 82, p. 2140–2147, 2004.

DUNSHEA, F.R.; D’SOUZA, D.N.; PETHICK, D.W., et al. Effects of dietary factors and other metabolic modifiers on quality and nutritional value of meat. Meat Science, v. 71, p. 8– 38, 2005.

FÁVERO, J.A.; BELLAVER, C. Produção de carne de suínos. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE CARNES, 2001, São Pedro. Anais...São Pedro/SP: ITAL, Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2001. p. 2-25.

GANG, XI; ZIRONG, XU; SI-HUNG, WU et al. Effect of chromium picolinate on growth performance, carcass characteristics, serum metabolites and metabolism of lipid in pigs. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, v. 14, p.258-262, 2001.

HILL, G.M.; SPEARS, J.M. Trace and ultratrace elements in swine nutrition. In: LEWIS, A.J.; SOUTHERN, L.L. Swine Nutrition, 2. ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2001, p. 229-262.

LEACH, L.M.; ELLIS, M.; MCKEITH, F.K. et al. The growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of halothane carrier and negative pigs. Journal of Animal Science, v. 74, n. 5, p. 934-943, 1996.

LEMME, A; WENK, M; et al. Chromium yeast affects growth performance and plasma traits but not carcass characteristics of growing-finishing pigs depending on the glycemic index. Archives of Animal Nutrition, v. 53, n. 2, p. 157-177, 2000.

LIEN, T.F.; WU, C.P.; LIN, B.H. et al. Effect of supplemental levels of chromium picolinate on growth performance, serum traits, carcass characteristics and lipid metabolism of growing- finishing pigs. Animal Science, v. 72, p. 289-296, 2001.

LUECKE, R.W.; HOEFER, J.A.; BRAMMELL, W.S. et al. Mineral interrelationships in parakeratosis of swine. Journal of Animal Science, v. 15, p. 347-351, 1956.

LYONS, T. P. The new era in animal nutrition: arrival of scientifically proven natural alternatives. In: BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE FEED INDUSTRY, 14, 1997, Nottingham. Anais...Nottingham: Nottingham University Press, 1997, p. 1–13.

KIM, I.H.; HANCOCK, J.D.; LEE, J.H. et al. Effects of removing vitamin and trace mineral premixes from diet on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality in finishing pigs. Korean Journal of Animal Nutrition and Feed, v. 21, p. 489-496, 1997.

LIMA, G.J.M.M.; SOBESTIANSKY, J.; MORES, N. et al. Retirada de suplementação de microminerais e vitaminas de dietas de suínos em terminação: efeitos sobre o desempenho dos animais e composição dos ossos. In: REUNIÃO ANUAL DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA, 28, 1991, João Pessoa. Anais... João Pessoa: SBZ, 1991. p.398.

MA, Y.L.; LINDEMANN, G.L.; CROMWELL, R.B. et al. Evaluation of trace mineral source and preharvest deletion of trace minerals from finishing diets for pigs on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and pork quality. Journal of Animal Science, v. 90, p. 3833-3841, 2012.

MACHADO, G.S.; FONTES, D.O. Relação entre as exigências nutricionais e o sistema imune em suínos. In: SIMPÓSIO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE EXIGÊNCIAS NUTRICIONAIS DE AVES E SUÍNOS, 2, 2005, Viçosa. Anais...Viçosa, UFV, 2005.

MAGANHINI, M.B.; MARIANO, B.; SOARES, A.L et al. Carnes PSE (Pale, Soft, Exudative) e DFD (Dark, Firm, Dry) em lombo suíno numa linha de abate industrial. Ciência e Tecnologia de Alimentos, v. 27, p. 69-72, 2007.

MALCOLM-CALLIS, K. J.; DUFF, G. C.; GUNTER, S.A. Effects of supplemental zinc concentration and source on performance carcass characteristics, and serum values in finishing beef steers. Journal of Animal Science, V. 78, p. 2801–2808, 2000.

MAVROMICHALIS, I.; HANCOCK, J.D.; KIM, I.H. et al. Effects of omitting vitamin and trace mineral premixes and (or) reducing inorganic phosphorus additions on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and muscle quality in finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, v. 77, p. 2700-2708, 1999.

MOONEY, K.W.; CROMWELL, G.L. Efficacy of chromium picolinate on performance and tissue accretion in pigs with different lean gain potential. Journal of Animal Science, v.77, n.5, p.1188-1198, 1999.

NUNES, R.C.; KRONKA, R.N.; SALES, C.P. et al. Retirada dos suplementos micromineral e/ou vitamínico da ração de suínos em fase de terminação: características de carcaça e vida de prateleira da carne suína. Ciência Animal Brasileira, v. 2, p. 79-86, 2001.

OLIVEIRA JÚNIOR, G.M.; SILVA, F.C.O.; FERREIRA, A.S. et al. Efeitos do desafio sanitário e da suplementação de lisina, metionina, treonina e triptofano em leitões recém desmamados. Revista Eletrônica Nutritime, v. 10, n. 3, p. 2408-2427, 2013.

RAMOS, E. M.; GOMIDE, L. A. M. Avaliação da qualidade de carne: fundamentos e metodologias. Viçosa, MG: UFV, 2007. 599p

RENTERIA, J.A.; CUARON, J.Á. Tecnica Pecuaria en Mexico. v. 36, n. 2, 121-139, 1998.

ROSTAGNO, H.S.; ALBINO, L.F.T.; DONZELE, J.L. et al. Tabelas brasileiras para aves e suínos: composição de alimentos e exigências nutricionais. 3 ed. Viçosa, MG: UFV, 2011. 252p.

SARCINELLI, M. F.; SILVA, L. C.; VENTURINI, K. S. Processamento da Carne Suína. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo – UFES, 2007. Disponível em: <http://www.agais.com/telomc/b01907_processamento_suinos.pdf >. Acesso em 10 de janeiro de 2015.

SCHIAVON, S.; BAILONI, L.; RAMANZIN, M. et al. Effect of proteinate or sulfate mineral sources on trace elements in blood and liver of piglets. Journal of Animal Science, v. 71, p. 131-139, 2000.

SHELTON, J.L.; SOUTHERN, L.L.; LeMIEUX, F.M. et al. Effects of microbial phytase, low calcium and phosphorus, and removing the dietary trace mineral premix on carcass traits, pork quality, plasma metabolites and tissue mineral contents in growing-finishing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, v. 82, p. 2630-2639, 2004

SPEARS, J. W.; KEGLEY, E.B. Effect of zinc source (zinc oxide vs. zinc proteinate) and level on performance, carcass characteristics, and immune response of growing and finishing steers. Journal of Animal Science, v. 80, p. 2747–2752, 2002.

SPURLOCK, M.E. Regulation of metabolism and growth during immune challenge: an overview of cytokine function. Journal of Animal Science, v. 75, p. 1773-1783, 1997.

TIAN, J.Z.; LEE, J.H.; KIM, J.D. et al. Effects of diferent levels of vitamin-mineral premixes on growth performance, nutriente digestibility, carcass characteristics and meat quality on

growing-finishing pigs. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, v. 14, n. 4, p. 515-524, 2001.

VAN HEUGTEN, E.; SPEARS, J.W.; KEGLEY, E.B. et al. Effects of organic forms of zinc on growth performance, tissue zinc distribution, and imune response of weaning pigs. Journal of Animal Science, v. 81, p. 2063-2071, 2003.

VAN HEUGTEN, E.; O’QUINN, P.R.; FUNDERBURKE, D.W. et al. Growth performance, carcass characteristics, plasma minerals, and fecal mineral excretion in grower-finisher swine fed diets with levels of trace minerals lower than common industry levels. Journal of Swine Health and Production, v. 12, p. 237-241, 2004.

WHIPPLE, G., KOOHMARAIE, M., DIKEMAN, M.E. et al. Evaluation of atributes that affect Longissimus muscle tenderness in Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle. Journal of Animal Science, v. 68, p. 2716-2728, 1990.

WOLFE, M.L. The effect of reduced levels of inorganic and organic trace mineral supplementation on performance, carcass traits, and fecal excretion of grow-finish swine, 2006, 68f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciência Animal) - Universidade do Estado de Iowa, Ames.

YU, B.; HUANG, W.J.; CHIOU, P.W.S. Bioavailability of iron from amino acid comlex in weaning pigs. Animal Feed Science Technology, v. 52, p. 39-52, 2000.

ZHOU, W.; KORNEGAY, E. T.; VAN LAAR, H. et al. The role of feed consumption and feed efficiency in copper-stimulated growth. Journal of Animal Science, v. 72, p. 2385-2394, 1994.