Ayırıcı Özellik Kuramı

Tabela 1: Distribuição percentual das características demográficas e socioeconômicas da amostra por grupo (N=191)

VARÍAVEL CONDIÇÃO G1(n=94) n(%) G2(n=97) n(%) SEXO Masculino Feminino 23(24,46) 71(75,54) 34(35,05) 63(64,95) IDADE (anos) 60 a 69 70 a 79 80 ou mais 41(43,61) 39(41,48) 14(14,78) 32(24,8) 46(35,7) 19(14,7) RENDA Menos de 1 SM* 1 a 1,99 SM 2 ou mais SM 72(76,59) 21(22,34) 1(1,07) 63(64,94) 32(32,98) 2(2,08) ESCOLARIDADE (anos de estudo) Analfabeto Analfabeto funcional 1 a 4 5 a 8 9 ou mais 11(11,7) 9(9,57) 51(54,25) 20(21,27) 3(3,21) 16(16,49) 12(12,37) 49(50,51) 18(18,55) 2(2,08) *

Tabela 2: Distribuição percentual das prevalências de baixo peso, peso normal, sobrepeso e obesidade por grupo (N=191)

Grupos IMC(%) N Baixo peso Peso normal

Sobrepeso Obesidade TOTAL

Geral 191 14,65 50,78 16,23 18,32 100

G1 94 8,5 52,1 20,2 19,2 100

Tabela 3: Médias de idade e perfil lipídico por grupo VARIAVEL G1 (n=92) G2 (n=63) TOTAL (n=155) IDADE (anos) 71 73 72 HDL (mg/dL) 45,24 48,49 46,86 LDL (mg/dL) 123,38 132,39 127,88 VLDL (mg/dL) 38,63 40,16 39,39 COLESTEROL TOTAL (mg/dL) 208,52 221,05 214,78 TRIGLICERÍDEOS (mg/dL) 196,49 200,81 198,65

Tabela 4: Adequação de médias de valores de perfil lipídico por grupo

Exame G1(92) G2(63) Variação Classificação

HDL 24 16 < 40 mg/Dl Baixo 5 9 > 60 mg/dL Alto LDL 24 22 <100 mg/dL Ótimo 32 10 100-129 mg/dL Desejável 15 7 130-159 mg/dL Limítrofe 17 11 160-189 mg/dL Alto 3 13 ≥190 mg/dL muito alto VLDL 57 34 6-40 mg/dL Normal 33 29 > 40 mg/dL Elevados

Colesterol total 42 27 <200 mg/dL Ótimo

25 8 200-239 mg/dL Limítrofe

24 28 ≥240 mg/dL Alto

Triglicerídeos 29 18 <150 mg/dL Ótimo

28 16 150-200 mg/dL Limítrofe

Tabela 5: Distribuição da PCR-us em percentis por grupo (N=61)

Classificação PCR-us Grupos Total

Variação Quintil G1(n=15) G2(n=41) 0,1 – 0,7 mg/Dl 10 1 4 5 0,7 – 1,1 mg/dL 20 1 6 7 1,2 – 1,9 mg/dL 30 8 6 14 2,0 – 3,8 mg/dL 40 4 15 19 3,9 – 15,0 mg/dL 50 1 10 11 Total 15 41 56

Figura 1: Distribuição percentual do risco cardiovascular relacionado a variáveis antropométricas por grupo (N=191)

82,2% 72,9% 67,6% 60,8% 39,2% 53,6% 0% 25% 50% 75% 100% CC CA RCQ G1 G2

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Abstract

Seniors present high prevalence of Arterial Hypertension - AR and multiple additional cardiovascular risk factors related to bad lifestyles. This is a cross-sectional study that aimed to compare and correlate biochemical and anthropometric markers and lifestyle characteristics that indicate cardiovascular risk in hypertensive and predominatly healthy elders, sedentarians and physical activity pratitioners. The sample was composed of 322 elders, and divided in two groups: G1: hypertensive and G2: predominatly healthy individuals. The data collection was composed of anamnesis and biochemical assessments (lipid profile and C-Reactive Protein – CRP) and anthropometric assessment (Body Mass Index – BMI, Waist Circumference – WC, Abdominal Circumference – AC and Waist-to-Hip-Ratio – WHR). In the analysis, the author used descriptive statistics, Student´s t Test, variance analysis (ANOVA One-Way) and Pearson´s correlation. Results showed that in G1: 100% were hypertensive, 31,55% were diabetics and hypertensive, and there weren’t exclusively diabetic ones, and in G2: 28,86% were hypertensive, 13,40% were diabetic and hypertensive and 5,15% were exclusively diabetic, and 65,99% did not show any active pathological process. In relation to habits and lifestyle characteristics, in G1: 58,22% were sedentarians, 2,6%, were smokers and 1,7% were etilists. In G2: 5,15% were sedentarians, 7,21% were smokers and 8,24% were etilists. In relation to the nutritional status, it was demonstrated that the frequencies of overweigh - OW and obesity – OB, by sex, in G1: were of [Masculine: n=57 (OW:10,52%, OB:14,03%),Feminine: n=168 (SP:25,59%, OB:20,23%)] and in G2: they were of [Masculine: n=33 (SP:6,06%, OB:9,09%), Feminine: n=63 (SP:15,87%, OB:22,22%)]. In the WHR analysis, the frequencies of individuals that

showed higher than recommended levels in G1: were of [Masculine: n=57 (24,56%),Feminine: n=168(82,14%)], and in G2: were of [Masculine: n=33 (12,12%), Feminine: n=63(74,60%)]. In the WC analysis, the frequencies of individuals that showed risk levels in G1: were of [Masculine: n=57 (52,63%), Feminine: n=168(91,66%)], and in G2: they were of [Masculine: n=33 (9,09%), Feminine: n=63(80,95%)]. In the AC analysis, the frequencies of individuals that showed risk levels in G1: were of [Masculine: n=57 (29,82%), Feminine: n=168(87,5%)], and in G2: they were of [Masculine: n=33 (9,09%), Feminine: n=63(55,55%)]. In relation to the age, the frequencies of OW and OB in G1: were of [n=225, OW (A1=11,11%, A2=8%, A3=1,77%), OB (A1=8,44%, A2=8,88%, A3=1,33%)], and in G2: they were of [n=97, OW (A1=5,15%, A2=5,15%, A3=2,06%), OB (A1=9,27%, A2=7,21%, A3=0%)]. There was significative difference in the comparison between G1 and G2 in the following means: BMI: [G1=27,23 and G2=23,26 (p=0,0344)]; AC: [G1=99,09 and G2=89,51 (p<0,0001)]; WC: [G1=93,64 and G2=86,37 (p<0,0001)] and WHR: [G1=93,64 and G2=86,37 (p<0,0001)]. In the correlation, it was found a weak positive association (p<0,05) between CRP and anthropometric variables and lipid profile. Results point to higher frequency and intensities of additional cardiovascular risk factors to hypertension in women than in men, in younger groups, A1 and A2, than in the older, A3, and in the hypertensive group, G1, than in predominatly healthy group, G2. There were correlations considered weak and positive (r>0,30) among CRP, lipid profile and anthropometric variables (p<0,05). This thesis presents a multidisciplinary interface relation, and it has application in the fields of Physical Therapy, Physical Education, Medicine, Nutrition and Biochemics.