Root of the neck Root of the neck
Dr. Selda Önderoğlu
Dr. Selda Önderoğlu
General features General features
Junction of the cervical and thoracic regions Junction of the cervical and thoracic regions
(thyrocervical region).
(thyrocervical region).
Manubrium sterni-1st ribs-1st Thor. Vert.
Manubrium sterni-1st ribs-1st Thor. Vert.
Structures:
Structures:
- anterior vertebral mm.
- anterior vertebral mm.
-lateral vertebral mm.
-lateral vertebral mm.
-subclavian a. and branches -subclavian a. and branches
-cervical plexus -cervical plexus
-cervical portion of oesophagus -cervical portion of oesophagus
Anterior and lateral vertebral Anterior and lateral vertebral
muscles
muscles
Anterior vertebral mm.
Anterior vertebral mm.
Longus colli m.
Longus colli m.
3 parts-sup.oblique,vertical intermediate 3 parts-sup.oblique,vertical intermediate
and inferior oblique and inferior oblique
Longus capitis m.
Longus capitis m.
Rectus capitis anterior m.
Rectus capitis anterior m.
Rectus capitis lateralis m.
Rectus capitis lateralis m.
Lateral vertebral mm.
Lateral vertebral mm.
Scalenus anterior m.- deep to st.cl.m. M.
Scalenus anterior m.- deep to st.cl.m. M.
Scalenus medius m.-largest and longest Scalenus medius m.-largest and longest
Scalenus Posterior m.- most deeply located, Scalenus Posterior m.- most deeply located, Some remarks:Some remarks:
Scal. Ant.+ Scal. Med. İnsert to the 1st rib, Scal. Ant.+ Scal. Med. İnsert to the 1st rib,
Scal. Post. insert to the 2nd rib, Scal. Post. insert to the 2nd rib,
Phrenic N. courses ant. to Scal.Ant. M.
Phrenic N. courses ant. to Scal.Ant. M.
Subclavian a.+nn. of the crachial plexus are Subclavian a.+nn. of the crachial plexus are located bw. Scal. Ant. and Scal. Medius mm.
located bw. Scal. Ant. and Scal. Medius mm.
Cervical part of oesophagus
Cervical part of oesophagus
Cervical plexus
Cervical plexus
Cervical Plexus Cervical Plexus
Formed by ventral rami of C1-4 spinal nn.
Formed by ventral rami of C1-4 spinal nn.
Two sets of branches: superf. and deep.
Two sets of branches: superf. and deep.
Superficial Brs.- lesser occ. N.,great auricular Superficial Brs.- lesser occ. N.,great auricular N.,Transv. Cut. N. Of the neck,supraclavicular N.,Transv. Cut. N. Of the neck,supraclavicular Nn.Nn.
Deep Brs. –muscular +communicating branches.
Deep Brs. –muscular +communicating branches.
PHRENIC N.:C3-4-5.ant to scal. Ant. M. Bw. The PHRENIC N.:C3-4-5.ant to scal. Ant. M. Bw. The muscle and prevertebral fasc.. Motor N. To the muscle and prevertebral fasc.. Motor N. To the
diaphragm.
diaphragm.
Ansa Cervicalis:Inf. Root Comes from C2-3+br. Ansa Cervicalis:Inf. Root Comes from C2-3+br.
From hypoglossal N.- inn. infrahyoid Mm.
From hypoglossal N.- inn. infrahyoid Mm.
The phrenic nerve
The phrenic nerve
The subclavian artery
The subclavian artery
Subclavian Artery Subclavian Artery
Arises behind the Sternoclavicular joint.
Arises behind the Sternoclavicular joint.
R- from brachiocephalic trunk R- from brachiocephalic trunk
L-from arch of aorta L-from arch of aorta
Ends at the outer border of 1st rib.
Ends at the outer border of 1st rib.
Parts:
Parts:
1- origin-medial border of Scal. Ant. M.
1- origin-medial border of Scal. Ant. M.
2-posterior to Scal. Ant. M.
2-posterior to Scal. Ant. M.
3-Lat. margin of Scal. Ant. M.- outer border of 3-Lat. margin of Scal. Ant. M.- outer border of
1st rib.
1st rib.
Branches of Subclavian A.
Branches of Subclavian A.
Vertebral A. - A. To the brain Vertebral A. - A. To the brain
Internal Thoracic A. -
Internal Thoracic A. -6 anterior intercostal aa.6 anterior intercostal aa.
- pericardiacophren.- pericardiacophren.
- musculophrenic- musculophrenic
-sup. Epigast.-sup. Epigast.
Thyrocervical Trunk Thyrocervical Trunk Costocervical Trunk Costocervical Trunk
Dorsal Scapular A.: but frequently from thyrocervical Dorsal Scapular A.: but frequently from thyrocervical
trunk trunk
