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Beraprost 抑制老鼠主動脈平滑 肌細胞增生分子機制之研究

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前列環素( prostacyclin, PGI2 )已有文獻指出,不論是在人類或者是動物的模式 上,對於改善動脈粥狀硬化有其有益的作用。我們利用具有保護血管功能的貝前列素鈉

( beraprost sodium, BPS )(一種前列環素的相似物)在老鼠主動脈平滑肌細胞中來探 討 PGI2 抑制動脈粥狀硬化的分子機轉。將細胞以 BPS 處理,利用同位素標定來觀察細 胞增生,結果顯示 BPS 可以抑制由 TPA 所誘導的平滑肌細胞增生情形。分別再以反轉 錄 ?- 聚合 ? 連鎖反應( RT-PCR )、西方墨點法和亞硝酸鹽分析( nitrite assay )的方 法分析,則發現 BPS 會增加過氧化體增生活化受體 δ ( peroxisome proliferator- activate d receptor, PPARδ )和誘導型一氧化氮生成 ? ( inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS ) 的表現以及一氧化氮( nitric oxide, NO )的生成。此外,若以 PPARδ 的拮抗劑和 iNOS 抑制劑處理,則可以反轉由 BPS 誘導 PPARδ 及 iNOS 的表現,抑制細胞增生情形。有 趣的是, PPARδ 的拮抗劑會降低 iNOS 的表現,因此我們假設 iNOS 的表現可能會受到 PPARδ 的調節。除此之外,由 luciferase 的活性分析結果發現 BPS 可以促進 iNOS 基因 啟動子的活性表現。另外,刪除 iNOS 基因啟動子區域上 PPARδ 的結合位置 -1245 ~ -1 222 ,則會降低 luciferase 的活性。這個結果顯示,位於老鼠 iNOS 啟動子上 PPARδ 的 結合位置將是藉由 PGI2 調節 iNOS 基因表現的一個很重要的機制。綜合以上結果,我 們發現 PPARδ 可藉由 BPS 而活化,調控 iNOS 的表現,並涉及ㄧ連串的訊息傳導路徑

,達到抑制平滑肌細胞的增生,為臨床上預防動脈粥狀硬化的發生,提供一個很好的治 療方向與目標。

Beraprost 抑制老鼠主動脈平滑 肌細胞增生分子機制之研究

(2)

Prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin, PGI2) has been reported to exhibit beneficial effects on atheros clerosis in both human and animal models. To clarify the underlying molecular mechanism, w e investigated the vasoprotective effects of beraprost sodium (a PGI2 analogue) in primary cul ture of rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMC). Cells treated with beraprost sodium can rever se the effect of TPA-induced cell proliferation by [3H]thymidine incorporation experiments an d increased the PPARδ and iNOS expression as assessed by RT-PCR, Western blots, and NO production by the Griess method. Additionally, PGI2, in accompanied with the induction of P PARδ and iNOS is involved in the anti-proliferative effects of PGI2 since PPARδ antagonists and NO inhibitors abolished the anti-proliferative effects of PGI2. Interestingly, PPARδ antag onists inhibited the induction of iNOS, suggesting PPARδ regulates iNOS expression. Additio nally, beraprost sodium increased the promoter activity of rat iNOS gene, as determined by luc iferase assays. Deletion of PPARδ binding site located at -1245 to -1222 in the promoter regio n strongly reduced luciferase activity. The presence of functional PPARδ sites within rat iNOS promoter may represent a novel mechanism for regulating iNOS gene expression by PGI2.Acc rodingiy, we investigated that PPARδ up-regulate iNOS expression by BPS activation , and it involved a series of signal transduction pathway to have inhibitory effect on RASMC prolifera tion. It will provide clinically a new direction and therapeutic target to prevent the incidence o f atherosclerosis.

Anti-proliferative effects of rat aortic smooth muscle cells by Beraprost, a PGI2 analogue,

through the induction of PPARδ and its

downstream effector of iNOS

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