THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE SYNERGETIC EFFECT ESTIMATION (USING THE EXAMPLE OF INDUSTRIAL
ESTATE RESIDENTS)
Chulpan N. Zaidullina1, Aida I. Lazarchik2, ArtemN. Ivanov3
1 Kazan Federal University, Economics and Finance of KFU e-mail: chulpanzaidullina@gmail.com, tel. 89872998341
2 Kazan Federal University, Economics and Finance of KFU
3JTconsulting ABSTRACT
Currently, there is a strong growth of enterprise share, effectively using the resources of the information economy and the resources of other companies and developing business processes with the use of virtual and real interaction systems, and thus preserve the management autonomy during the integration with partners. Such a partnership dictates the need to define the role of network entities in the development of economic entities in a modern economy. In this paper, in order to determine the synergistic effect from the cooperation of companies, they calculated the network potential of the companies entering the network and the potential of network integration was determined.
Keywords: synergetic effect, network potential of companies, cooperation of companies, industrial site.
INTRODUCTION
At present, more and more companies use the resources of the traditional economy as the basis for development, including material, human, technical, technological, energy, manufacturing ones, through the use of which the occurrence of synergy is not possible. In contrast, they almost do not pay any attention to the development of conditions for an effective use of resources, capable to create a positive synergy, including informational, organizational, intellectual, entrepreneurial, knowledge and other resources.
This task involves the following necessity:
- The development of management systems by organizations as the elements of network entities, which is conditioned by the growing specialization of economic entities in the information economy;
- An effective use of resources capable to generate a positive synergy effect, which is not possible within a large organization and is confirmed by a stable trend towards the increase of small innovative enterprise share that choose the acquisition strategy by large corporations, which allows the latter to accumulate the necessary resources developing synergies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The material for the work was the industrial site of the Republic of Tatarstan, which demonstrates the findings of the study and represents the system of information, as well as organizational, infrastructural and cross-cultural opportunities. This infrastructure site was created for the creation and an effective economic development of small and medium-sized industrial enterprises on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Taking into account the development of the information economy, a network organization, interpreted as a form of integration education, is based on the cooperative interdependence of the subjects in order to
It can be noted that the components of the network potential are almost identical to those of the innovative and strategic potential. This is conditioned by the fact that the very essence of the concept "potential"
means the ability to move to a qualitatively new state in the future. Taking into account the abovementioned, it is possible to propose the following definition of "network potential" category, - a system of scientific, technical, personnel, technological, financial and economic, managerial and intellectual resources, combined with information and communication potential, to implement the strategic development of each company and achieve additional innovative value.
They proposed the algorithm to estimate the potential of a network organization in the context of information economy, the potential of network interaction of the value chain elements, within the framework of which they proved the necessity to use a set of indicators that determines the synergistic effect of network interaction.
The author's approach to the potential evaluation, containing both calculated indicators and expert ones, the evaluation of the network interaction and synergies was tested at the industrial site of the Republic of Tatarstan.
The industrial site of the Republic of Tatarstan is represented by the following residents: "Volzhanin"
Company, "Multiplast" Company, "Diaz" OJSC, "Aviamaster" Company, "StekloService" Company, LLC
"SK Soyuzantiseptic", LLC "MasterPrint-Kazan", "UltraMattress" Company, the company
"Gruzopodyem", the company "Elcom", the company "Hermes Group", LLC Scientific and Commercial Enterprise "VOLGAREMMASH", the company "VITL +", LLC "ASUD", the factory "Standard Prof", ZAO "NPP "Compressor", LLC "MSP", LLC "SVETOZAR TRADE", "LipolSystems" Company.
Using the example of the "Hermes Group" and "StekloService" companies we will show the synergetic effect from the company cooperation. Let's calculate the network potential of the companies in the network and determine the potential of network integration. Calculations are made for "Hermes Group" in the table form.
A summary table of the network capacity assessment is presented in Table 1.
Table 1.Indicators for the evaluation of "Hermes Group" LLC network capacity Eva
luat ion obj ects
Indicat
or type Indicator calculation value
Indicat or value
Comparis on base (desired value)
Integral evaluati
on
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
1. Scientific-technical resources and capabilities
1.1 calc. The share of research and development in the total volume of work performed over the past three years on average (%)
0,5 0,5 1
1.2 calc. The volume of research and development work performed by own forces in the total volume of work (%)
0,4 0,5 - 0,25
1.3 calc. The share of innovative products in the total volume of shipped products (%)
0,2 0,5 - 1,5
1.4
calc. The share of new technology (acquired or created in the last three years) in the amount of material resources used for research and development (%)
0,7 0,7 1
1.5 exp. Evaluation of scientific and technical unit work х х 0,73
2. Management resources and capabilities
2.1 exp. Evaluation of external cooperation effectiveness х х 0,8
2.2 exp.
Evaluation of the organizational structure and the management system from the point of view of network interaction
х х
0,8
2.3 exp. Evaluation of project management х х 0,7
2.4 exp. Evaluation of a company integration into the regional economy х х 0,83 2.5 exp. Evaluation of strategic initiatives regarding integration,
cooperation and clustering
х х 0,85
3. Technological resources and opportunities
3.1 calc. Coefficient of used technologies update for the last three years
(amount of updated technology / total amount of technologies) 0,7 0,7 1
3.2 calc.
Coefficient of used technology borrowing for the last three years (volume of borrowed technology / total amount of
technologies) 0,4 0,3 0,75
3.3 calc. The share of production of components by third-party
organizations in total production 0,2 0,3 - 0,5
3.4 calc. Specific weight of technologies used for third-party organizations
0,2 0,2 1
3.5 calc. Coefficient of technological cooperation (number of mutual appeals / number of appeals as a whole)
0,5 0,5 1
4. Human resources and opportunities
4.1 calc.
The proportion of specialists providing the interaction with the external environment in the total number of specialists at an enterprise
0,3 0,4 - 0,3
4.2 calc. The share of employees participating in joint projects in the total number of personnel at the enterprises participating in
projects 0,1 0,2 - 1
4.3 calc. The qualification level of employees (the proportion of employees who have completed vocational training and increased their qualifications during the last three years from the total number of employees)
0,8 0,6 0,75
4.4 calc.
The proportion of employees participating in exhibition events, round tables, etc. from the total number of administrative and
management personnel 0,2 0,2 1
4.5 calc. The share of employees involved in part-time from the total number of organization employees
0,1 0,1 1
5. Financial resources 5.1 calc. Assessment of solvency (based on estimated liquidity and
coverage ratios)
2 2 1
5.2 calc. Assessment of financial soundness and creditworthiness (based on the indicators of financial stability and creditworthiness)
1,7 1,7 1
5.3 calc. Estimation of profitability of assets and equity (based on the indicators of profitability of core activities, equity, etc.)
0,6 0,5 0,83
5.4 calc. The share of financial resources used to implement joint projects in the total amount of project expenditures (%)
0,3 0,5 - 0,6
5.5 calc. The factor of financial resources economy as the result of cooperation in the total amount of expenditures (%)
0,3 0,3 1
5.6 calc. The share of financial resources attracted as the result of cooperation in the total amount of financial resources (%)
0,4 0,4 1
6. Information potential 6.1 exp. Coefficient of advanced information technologies use in the
total number of information technologies during the last year
х х 0,77
6.2 exp. Evaluation of information completeness х х 0,78
6.3 exp.
Assessment of information obtaining timeliness
х х
0,82
6.4 exp. Estimation of obtained data speed processing х х 0,76
6.5 exp. Evaluation of corporate mail functioning х х 0,83
6.6 exp. Evaluation of site traffic through "Yandex.Metrics" and
"GoogleAnalytics".
х х 0,88
7. Communicative potential
7.1 exp. Evaluation of software products that increase the speed of information exchange
х х 0,62
7.2 exp.
Evaluation of corporate network
х х
0,79 7.3 exp. The level of software product use in the total use of
information technology
х х 0,72
7.4 exp. Assessment of joint software products and information technologies use at external cooperation
х х 0,59
7.5 exp. The level of on-line helper use during the evaluation of the total number of hits
х х 0,87
7.6 exp.
Level of call conversion from social networks
х х
0,6 7.7 exp. Representation of a company, products and services on
electronic trading platforms
х х 0,67
7.8 exp. The level of electronic document management use in document circulation
х х 0,51
7.9 exp. Representation of partners on a company website and in handouts
х х 0,78
7.1
0 calc. The share of joint events, exhibitions in the total number of
events visited (over the past three years) 0,8 0,5 0,625
8. Cross-cultural potential
8.1 – 8.2
exp.
Evaluation of standards and samples creation - within an enterprise
- joint
х х 0,83
х х 0,7
8.3 – 8.4
exp.
Evaluation of selection criteria for standards and samples - within an enterprise
- joint
х х 0,78
х х 0,69
8.5 - 8.6
exp.
Estimation of replication of standards and samples - within the enterprise
Joint
х х 0,79
х х 0,65
8.7 calc.
The proportion of employees who speak foreign languages in 0,1 0,4 - 3
The following table 2 is compiled for each indicator of expert assessments, where the arithmetic sum of partial index estimates is determined. The integral level of the strategic potential is a numerical characteristic determined by the sum of the products of an indicator score and an expert weight for all the experts interviewed. Let us give an example of the scientific and technical unit operation evaluation.
Table 2.Summary table of the integral level definition concerning the operation of LLC "Hermes Group"
scientific and technical department
SNP
Expert estimation, %
Expert weight, (0;1)
Indicator evaluation,
(0;1)
Potential component level
S V=s/∑s W V * W
Ivanov A.P. (Director) 97 0,22 0,8 0,18
Imamutdinov R.R.
(Director's Advisor) 98 0,22 0,7 0,15
Abdulkadyrov A.V.
(Commercial Director) 85 0,19 0,5 0,09
Krasnykh E.V. (Technical
Director) 87 0,20 0,8 0,16
the total number of employees
8.8 exp. Assessment of culture integration in the implementation of joint projects
х Х 0,83
9. Intellectual potential 9.1 calc. The share of research units in the total number of employees
on average (%)
0,3 0,2 0,67
9.2 exp. Assessment of the number and quality of articles, abstracts in scientific and business publications
х х 0,74
9.3 exp. Website renewal, handout х х 0,77
9.4 exp.
Citation of employee publications
х х
0,7
9.5 exp.
Evaluation of intellectual property legal protection
х х
0,64
х х
Total integral estimation of network potential 31,3
Kruglova Т.P. (Chief
Accountant) 74 0,17 0,9 0,15
441 0,73
If an indicator is calculated one, then the calculation of the indicator (the 4th graph) is carried out at the first stage, the comparison base (the 5th column) is established at the second stage, it can be the same index of the industry leader, or the indicator established by specialized structures and authoritative agencies and departments. The next step is to determine the level of the indicator using the ratio of the desired value to the value of the indicator (graph 6). On the average, the total integrated level is 28.5, since there are 57 indicators.
Table 3.Definition of an integral level of expert estimation indicators by LLC "Hermes Group"
Expert value 0,2
2 0,2
2 0,1
9 0,2
0 0,1
7
Potential component level
Integral level
Indicators Indicator estimation (0;1)
Evaluation of scientific and technical unit operation
0,7 0,8 0,5 0,8 0,9 0,1 5
0,1 8
0,0 9
0,1 6
0,1 5
0,73
Evaluation of external cooperation effectiveness
0,9 0,8 0,7 0,7 0,9 0,2 0
0,1 8
0,1 3
0,1 4
0,1 5
0,8
Evaluation of the
organizational structure and management system from the point of view of network interaction
0,6 0,8 0,9 0,9 0,8 0,1 3
0,1 8
0,1 7
0,1 8
0,1 4
0,8
Evaluation of project management
0,7 0,7 0,4 0,8 0,9 0,1 5
0,1 5
0,0 8
0,1 6
0,1 5
0,7
Evaluation of company integration into the regional economy
0,7 0,8 0,9 0,9 0,9 0,1 5
0,1 8
0,1 7
0,1 8
0,1 5
0,83
Evaluation of strategic initiatives regarding
integration, cooperation and clustering
0,8 0,9 0,7 0,7 0,7 0,1 8
0,2 0,1 3
0,1 4
0,2 0,85
Coefficient of advanced information technology application
0,8 0,6 0,9 0,8 0,8 0,1 8
0,1 3
0,1 7
0,1 6
0,1 4
0,78
Evaluation of information completeness
0,8 0,7 0,7 0,8 0,9 0,1 8
0,1 5
0,1 3
0,1 6
0,1 5
0,77
Assessment of information
obtaining timeliness 0,7 0,8 0,9 0,9 0,8 0,1 5
0,1 8
0,1 7
0,1 8
0,1 4
0,82
Evaluation of obtained data
processing speed 0,8 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 0,1 8 0,1
4 0,1 3 0,1
6 0,1
5 0,76 Evaluation of corporate mail
functioning
0,7 0,9 0,9 0,7 0,7 0,1 5
0,2 0,1 7
0,1 4
0,1 2
0,83
Evaluation of site traffic through "Yandex.Metrics" and
"GoogleAnalytics".
0,9 0,9 0,9 0,8 0,9 0,2 0,2 0,1 7
0,1 6
0,1 5
0,88
Evaluation of software products that increase the speed of information exchange
0,7 0,7 0,5 0,5 0,7 0,1 5
0,1 5
0,1 0,1 0,1 2
0,62
Evaluation of corporate network
0,8 0,9 0,7 0,7 0,8 0,1 8
0,2 0,1 3
0,1 4
0,1 4
0,79
Software product use level
0,8 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,7 0,1 8
0,1 3
0,1 3
0,1 6
0,1 2
0,72
Assessment of joint software products use and information technologies in external cooperation
0,7 0,5 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,1 5
0,1 1
0,0 9
0,1 2
0,1 2
0,59
The level of on-line helper use during access in the total number of hits
0,9 0,8 0,9 0,9 0,8 0,2 0,1 8
0,1 7
0,1 8
0,1 4
0,87
Level of call conversion from social networks
0,7 0,5 0,4 0,6 0,8 0,1 5
0,1 1
0,0 8
0,1 2
0,1 4
0,6
Representation of a company, products and services on electronic trading platforms
0,7 0,5 0,8 0,6 0,8 0,1 5
0,1 1
0,1 5
0,1 2
0,1 4
0,67
Electronic workflow application level
0,5 0,4 0,6 0,5 0,6 0,1 1
0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,51
Representation of partners on company website and in handouts
0,9 0,9 0,7 0,5 0,9 0,2 0,2 0,1 3
0,1 0,1 5
0,78
Evaluation of standard and 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,9 0,8 0,2 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,1 0,83
sample creation - within an enterprise
8 3 8 4
- joint
0,8 0,6 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,1 8
0,1 3
0,1 5
0,1 4
0,1 0
0,7
Evaluation of selection criteria for standards and samples - within an enterprise
0,9 0,7 0,8 0,7 0,8 0,2 0,1 5
0,1 5
0,1 4
0,1 4
0,78
- joint
0,6 0,6 0,8 0,7 0,8 0,1 3
0,1 3
0,1 5
0,1 4
0,1 4
0,69
Estimation of replication of standards and samples - within an enterprise
0,9 0,9 0,7 0,8 0,6 0,2 0,2 0,1 3
0,1 6
0,1 0
0,79
- joint
0,9 0,6 0,7 0,6 0,4 0,2 0,1 3
0,1 3
0,1 2
0,0 7
0,65
Evaluation of culture integration during the implementation of joint projects
0,9 0,9 0,7 0,8 0,8 0,2 0,2 0,1 3
0,1 6
0,1 4
0,83
Assessment of articles and abstracts number and quality in scientific and business publications
0,9 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,7 0,2 0,1 3
0,1 3
0,1 6
0,1 2
0,74
Website, handout renewal
0,7 0,8 0,7 0,8 0,9 0,1 5
0,1 8
0,1 3
0,1 6
0,1 5
0,77
Citation of employee publications
0,7 0,8 0,6 0,6 0,9 0,1 5
0,1 8
0,1 0,1 2
0,1 5
0,7
Evaluation of intellectual property legal protection
0,6 0,6 0,6 0,8 0,7 0,1 3
0,1 3
0,1 0,1 6
0,1 2
0,64
Thus, according to the company "Hermes Group" the network capacity makes 31.3.
The indicators of the company "StekloService" were also evaluated, where the network capacity makes 33.66.
However, it is also important to calculate network integration. Network integration is determined by the sum of coefficients. There are 5 indicators, the maximum coefficient makes 5, the threshold averaged value makes 2.5.
Evaluation of network integration:
- the coefficient of strategic unity
kce = ((4) and 1 + (1), (2), 2, 3) / 7, where (4), 1, etc. - numbering of strategies;
kce = (1 + 4) / 7, where 1,4 is the number of strategies;
kсе = 0,7
Fig. 1. Strategic plan of LLC "Hermes Group"
- production cooperation ratio (kпк) (the volume of joint production + production outsourcing / total output, thousands of rubles);
kпк = (45 890 + 37 768) / 315 666, kпк = 0,265.
- coefficient of commercial cooperation (kкк) (sales to network companies + sales volume under agency contracts with network companies / total sales, thousand rubles)
kкк = 37 000 + 56 897 / 220 032, kкк = 0,43.
- the coefficient of management cooperation (kук) (number of joint projects / total number of projects);
kук = 2 / 3,kук = 0,67.
- the coefficient of financial and economic integration (kфэи) (the volume of funds received from cooperation within a network / total number of funds received + the amount of savings from cooperation / costs incurred).
Kфэи = 90 897 / 266 032 + 73 743 / 445 956, Kфэи = 0,34 + 0,16,
Strategies of the company LLC "StekloService"
1. High price strategy
2. Production strategy 3. Innovation leader strategy
Strategic budget Aims
Financial strategy (4) Diversification strategy (1)
Administrative strategy (3) Market expansion strategy (2)
Kфэи = 0,5.
Network integration makes: 0.7 + 0.265 + 0.43 + 0.67 + 0.5 = 2.6 - above the average.
It is also necessary to calculate the synergy coefficient, which should be more than 0.5, which indicates the presence of synergy.
Ksynergy = average network capacity of network companies (65/2) * average network integration capacity (2.5) / maximum network capacity of network companies (57) * maximum network integration potential (5)
Ksynergy = 81,25 / 285 Ksynergy = 0,3
The synergy coefficient makes 0.3, which indicates the presence of a synergistic effect on the industrial site from the cooperation of resident enterprises.
CONCLUSIONS
Thus, the algorithm of integration unit synergistic effect includes:
- the evaluation of the network potential of the integrated structure, where the calculated indicators and expert estimates are determined by the types of resources included in the network capacity structure. The result of the calculations is the integral estimation (the ratio of the desired value to the indicator value) of the network potential;
- the evaluation of network integration, ensuring the presence of strategic unity coefficients, industrial cooperation, commercial cooperation of managerial cooperation, financial and economic integration.
- the evaluation of synergy using the synergy coefficient.
SUMMARY
In the information economy, the advantage is given to network organizations as a form of business structure integration that allow to obtain additional value precisely due to interaction, the strengthening of each economic agent and network participant potential.
A real example of a network organization functioning is the process of industrial site creation. An industrial site is a territory specially organized for the placement of new production facilities, provided with energy carriers, infrastructure, necessary administrative and legal conditions and information resources, managed by a specialized company.
The synergy coefficient is 0.3, which indicates a synergetic effect between resident enterprises. If we take into account the fact that there are about twenty resident companies, and each day the cooperation between them increases, the potential for synergy at an industrial site is quite high and it can be assumed that the synergy coefficient approaches the maximum value.
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