INFECTION DISEASE AND SPREADING
Contaminant Shapes of Microorganisms Reservoir
Cattle are reserves of blue-tongue virus for sheep Chickens are reserves of C. jejuni for sheep
Anthrax reserves for dirt animals carrying B. anthracis spores Vector
The mechanical vector (flies which are vectors of M. bovis) Biological vector
Mosquito - Diroflaria immitis (life cycle)
Ixodes kenesi - Louping ill virusu (reproduction) Tick - Babesia species (life cycle + reproduction) Sterkorian transmission
INFECTION DISEASE AND SPREADING
Hosts Tiers
Last host - rabies, dog
Definitive host - Taenia pisiformis, dog
Primer (natural) host - Distemper virus, dog; Scum viral, cattle Sekonder host - C. jejuni, sheep primer, wild birds sekonder Paratenik host - Parasitology is synonymous with sekonder host
Intermediate host - A host with parasitic breeding
Strengthening host - Increasing the number of sensitive animals in the population
Random host - B. abortus, bull
Link host - Link between other host types Concealed host - Aeromonas species, snake
INFECTION DISEASE AND SPREADING
Moving infections away Animal movements
Legal animal movements (quarantine)
Illegal animal movements - rinderpest outbreaks in Turkey Natural migrations
Biological products and fomites
Biological products such as vaccine and serum Animal feed raw materials (BSE)
Wind and stream
The formation of droplet nuclei and the effect of trench wave in foot-and-mouth disease
Blue-tongue outbreak in Portugal, created by vector mosquitoes, carried by wind from North Africa
INFECTION DISEASE AND SPREADING
Factors Related to Infection Diffusion
The role of hoster, agent, environment determiner Incubation period
Prepatent period
Incubation period (incubation period)
In order to spread infections with a short incubation period, a high host density is needed - Distemper, dog
Infections with long incubation periods can spread easily even in the population with low host density - Leptospirosis, 12-24 months urinary output
Effective contact (possible conditions of infection)
Effective contact time is short in seasonal or vector-based diseases
In Anthrax's disease, the duration of the lasting contact with the spore is long
