Scientific Letter
Bilimsel Mektup
139
The growth of death rate from cardiovascular diseases
in the Kyrgyz Republic
Kırgızistan’da kardiyovasküler hastalıklara bağlı ölüm oranların büyümesi
Ad dress for Cor res pon den ce/Ya z›ş ma Ad re si: Ryskul B. Kydyralieva, MD, PhD, National Center of Cardiology and Therapy, Togolok Moldo St 3, 720040, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan Fax: +996 312 660387 E-mail: cardio@elcat.kg
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Ryskul B. Kydyralieva, Ainagul S. Dzhumagulova
The National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine named after academician M. Mirrahimov at Ministry of
Health of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
According to the Republican Medical Informational Centre (1) in the Kyrgyz Republic in 2007 the cardiovascular diseases take the first place in structure of the general death rate representing the almost half (48.3 %) of all cases of annual death (Fig. 1). If in 1991 there were the 261.9 cases of death rate from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) per 100 thousands of Kyrgyz population, but in 2007 this parameter has reached 353.8 cases per 100 000, so it is has increased by 35.1%.
Annually in Kyrgyzstan more than 19 thousand people die from CVD and daily - more than 50 persons. The death rate from CVD is caused basically (80%) by coronary heart disease (including acute myocardial infarction) and cerebrovascular diseases that were 197.2 and 123.2 cases accordingly per 100 thousand of Kyrgyz population in 2007 (Fig. 2). The Kyrgyzstan stands on the sixth place (4) after Russia, Byelorussia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Moldova on the parameter of death rate from CVD. Our country takes the first place in the Euroasian region on the standardized parameter of death rate from the brain insult which is the 88.5 cases per 100 thousands of population (4).
The special alarm is caused by the growth of death rate from CVD among young and able-bodied people (1). From 1994 to 2007 it has increased by 31.6% in the age of 30-39 years and by 47.8 % - in the age of 40-49 years (Fig. 3, 4). Cardiovascular diseases determine not only the basic death rate of the Kyrgyz population, but also they are the
reason of premature disability of people achieving 17.9 % in 2007, that considerably exceeds similar parameters of other diseases which are less than 10% (Fig. 5) (1).
Using the methods of estimation of economic efficiency, we have made calculation of the economic losses connected to cardiovascular diseases. It was shown that the economic damage from premature death rate and physical inability from CVD in our country totaled more than 14 billions soms (near 360 millions of USA dollars) in 2006 (2). It dictates necessity of the urgent organization of struggle against cardiovascular diseases to stop the deterioration of health parameters of Kyrgyz population and prevention of serious social consequences with negative economic effect.
Taking into account the above-stated data, the struggle against cardiovascular diseases in Kyrgyz Republic has entered as one of priority directions of the National program of reforming of public health "Manas-taalimi" for 2006-2010 (3).
The realization of this program will be carried out in four basic directions as following:
Figure 1. The structure of the reasons of death rate of the Kyrgyz Republic population (according to Republican medical and informational centre, 2007)
Traumas and poisonings 9.8%
Others 14.5%
Tumors
7.9% Infectious and parasitic diseases
3.1% Cardiovascular diseases 48.3% Respiratory diseases 9.4% Gastrointestinal diseases 7.0%
Figure 2. The death rate of the Kyrgyz Republic population from different cardiovascular diseases P opulation 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 0 1991 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Acute myocardial infarction
2006 2007 years
1. Integration of republic cardiological service system, monitoring and an estimation of functioning of the program
2. Increasing the preventive work with the population, training to main principles and skills of the prevention of cardiovascular
diseases and their complications; involving different communities, local self-government institutions, the non-governmental organizations, etc.
3. Increasing the level of knowledge of family doctors, nurses and medical assistants on actual questions of the organization of struggle against cardiovascular diseases;
4. Introduction of modern technologies of diagnostics, treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases into public health practice
The organization of struggle against cardiovascular diseases at republican level will give real chance to lower death rate from cardiovascular diseases, will promote significant improvement of health state of Kyrgyz people and prolong their labor longevity.
References
1. Health of the population and the activity of medical organizations of the Kyrgyz Republic in 2007. Bishkek 2008.
2. Kyrgyzstan in figures. National statistical committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. Bishkek 2006.
3. The National program of reforming of public health "Manas-taalimi" for 2006-2010. Bishkek 2006.
4. WHO. World Health Report 2004 - changing history. WHO 2004. Available at: URL: http://www.who.int/whr/2004/en/index.html
Kydyralieva et al.
Cardiovascular diseases in the Kyrgyz Republic Ana do lu Kar di yol Derg 2009; 9: 139-40
140
Figure 3. The death rate from cardiovascular diseases in the age of 30-39 years in Kyrgyzstan
Figure 4. The death rate from cardiovascular diseases in the age of 40-49 years in Kyrgyzstan P opulation 250 200 150 100 50 0 1994 1999 2001 years Cardiovascular diseases Arterial hypertension Acute myocardial infarction Coronary heart disease Cerebrovascular diseases 20032005 20062007 P opulation 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1994 1999 20012003 2005 2006 2007 years Cardiovascular diseases Arterial hypertension Acute myocardial infarction Coronary heart disease Cerebrovascular diseases
Figure 5. The structure of premature disability of the Kyrgyz Republic popula-tion (according to Republican medical and informapopula-tional centre, 1996-2007)
P opulation 25 20 15 10 5 0 1996 1997 1998 1999200020012002 2003 20042005 20062007 years Cardiovascular diseases Infectious and parasitic diseas Traumas and poisonings Respiratory diseases Endocrine system diseases Tumors
