Pelvis and Femur Fractures
Dr Murat Çalışkan
About 25% of all fractures in dogs and cats involve the pelvis (Brinker, 1975).
MANAGEMENT
Surgical or non-surgical?
The decision to treat these injuries non-surgically or surgically is based on:
Factors relating to the fracture
The effect that malpositioned fragments will have on the patient
The length and quality of the expected convalescent period
The patient's comfort.
SACROILIAC LUXATIONS
Sacroiliac luxations are treated surgically if they are very unstable, markedly displaced or painful
ILIAL SHAFT FRACTURES
Ilial fractures are more frequently treated surgically
than are sacroiliac luxation/fractures. The ilium is often displaced medially, compromising the pelvic canal and endangering the sciatic nerve and other structures in the canal (
ACETABULAR FRACTURE
When a fracture of both the ilium and the acetabulum are present, it is preferable to repair the ilial shaft first.
Repair of the ilium is often done with a stronger
fixation system than is used on the acetabulum because usually more screws and a longer, stronger plate can be applied to the ilium
Fractures ofthe femoral head and neck
These fractures can be classified into five types: epiphyseal, physeal, subcapital, intertrochanteric
and trochanteric.
Fractures involving the distal femoral growth plate
These fractures are common; they are normally SalterHarris
type II in the dog and type I in the cat. Surgical treatment is necessary.
Various treatments have been used, but the recommended technique employs either two Rush pins
(Lawson, 1959) or crossed K-wires (Milton et at.,
1980) (Operative Technique 18.7). Raiha et at. (1993)
FEMORAL DIAPHYSIS
Fractures of the femoral diaphysis are common and normally require internal fi xation, the exceptions being undisplaced and impacted shaft fractures and pathological fractures associated with nutritional bone dystrophies in immature animals, which will heal
with rest alone.
The method of fixation depends on the age and s ize of the animal and the nature of the fracture
Kaynakça
