View of Covid-19 Impact On Distribution And Delivery Of Goods Through Warehouses In Angamaly Muncipality, Ernakulam

Covid-19 Impact On Distribution And Delivery Of Goods Through Warehouses In Angamaly

Muncipality, Ernakulam

1_{krishnakumar G}

2_{dr.N.V. Sreedharan}

Article History: Received: 11 January 2021; Revised: 12 February 2021; Accepted: 27 March 2021; Published online: 10

May 2021

Abstract

This Journal Is All About The Impact On Supply Chain Due To A Serious Pandemic Affected The Whole World I.E., Covid 19 This Unprecedented Situation Is Sending Shockwaves Through The World Of Work. Supply Chain Is Affected Mainly Because Of Lock Down Measures Adopted By Governments To Control Its Wide Spread. It Adversely Affected The Distribution And Delivery Of Goods And Services To Consumers. The Objective Of This Paper Is To Measure And Analyze The Impact Of This Pandemic On Distribution And Delivery Of Online Purchased Goods. The Present Paper Highlights The Transportation, Customer Handling, Order Cancellation And Returning Items, Social Distancing And Other Day To Day Operational Issues Faced By The Warehouses And Delivery Careers. This Paper Mainly Based On The Data Collected From Warehouses Employees And Delivery Careers. Data Was Gathered From Various Sampling Units Through Well Structured Questionnaire. Stratified Sampling Was Adopted To Arrive At Ultimate Respondents. The Analysis Tool Used By The Researcher For The Analysis And Interpretation Of The Data Is Percentage Analysis And Garretts Ranking Technique.

Keywords: Covid 19, Pandemic

I.

Covid 19 Pandemic Create A Lot Of Issues All Over The World. Most Of The Sectors Affected By This And Some Of The Sectors Are In Death Pangs. As The Circumstances Continue Like This, It’s Clear That Budgetary And Societal Expenses Will Be Tremendous. The Disruption Of Logistics And Scarcity Of The Workers Is One Among The Major Challenges Faced By The Industries During The Covid-19 Pandemic. Because Of The Lockdown, Various Forms Of Disruption Are Being Witnessed In The Industries. Which Resulted In Immense Shortage Of Manpower, Followed By A Delay In The Supply Chain .Most Of The Areas Comes Under Hotspots And Delivery To Those Areas Is Not Permitted. Due To Delay In Delivery Most Of The Customers Getting Dissatisfied And Most The Items Getting Cancelled. Organizations Also Facing Issues Like Lack Of Transportation, Non Availability Of Employees For Distribution And Delivery. To Overcome This Issue, Companies Should Carefully Study The Requirements For The Future, Collaborate With Countries Companies That Have Made Tremendous Strides In This Direction, Develop Automated Systems Suitable For.

II.

Todd Benge (2020)

The Strain Of The Novel Coronavirus (Covid19) Outbreak Is Felt By All In The Logistics Community. The World Of Par cels Can Be Affected The Most. As More People Practise Social Distancing, Online Orders Are Growing, Which Ensures That More Tiny Packages Go Directly To Customers And The Companies Stay Open.Today, What We Encounter Is Far From Business As Normal. There's A Lot Of Confusion With Orders Being Stuck In Midshipment And Priority Given To Relief Goods. This Can Be Handled For Both Consumers And Shipping Partners By Forward, Upfront Communications. Besure To Have Contact With The End User Before Sending It Out To Ensure That They Are Available To Accept Ship ments. Taking A Moment To Check That A Location Is Open Will Help You Determine Whether To Submit A Package I nstead Of Paying Extra Return Shipping Charges On That Item.

Christina Dube (2020)

Certain Aspects Of The Covid Effect Are Temporary (Fingers Crossed)Wearing Masks, Maintaining A 6foot Distance Fr om Others, Remote Learning. But The Effects Of Covid Would Have A Long And Lasting Impact On The Warehouse. W e Saw A Ripple Effect As The Virus Spread Aroundthe Globe. An Epidemic Or Transport Delay Will Have A Catastroph ic Effect Across The Globe In One Region Of The World, Triggering Shutdowns Due To Factory Closures Or Lost Or De layed Supplies. Global Chain Of Supply.The Only Thing That Is Certain When We Settle Into Our Postcovid Lives Is Th at Nothing Is Certain. Back Up Plans For Their Back Up Plans Are Being Created By Businesses. Warehouses And Distri

bution Centres Will Look As Adaptable And Versatile As Possible In An Uncertain Future. Their Primary Emphasis Wou ld Be On How To Use Space Best And Handle Their Greatest Cost Labour Efficiently.

Logistik Express Presseservice (2020)

According To The Covid19 Global Real Estate Implications Research Study By Property Consultancy Jll, The Threat To Global Supply Chains Would Have A Direct Effect On The Global Industrial And Logistics Property Market. The Study Noted That Because The 'Outbreak Is Likely To Raise The Issue Of Mitigation And Resilience Of Supply Chain Risk'issu es That Had[Already] Come To The Fore In The Midst Of Increased Trade Tensions.It Was Likely That There Will Be In creased Business Moves To Start Reshoring Or Close Sourcing, As Well As Growing Sourcing Diversification, Resulting In Additional Regional Demand For Industrial Facilities And Related Logistics.In The Longer Term, The Use Of Autom ation And Robotics In Operations May Be Increased By This Outbreak And By Expecting Potential Shocks. Building Spe cifications And Their Locations Will Be Affected In Terms Of Their Construction Footprint, Highly Automated Building s Could Be Taller But Smaller.

Compared To Power, Labour Can Become A Less Important Factor In Place. In Addition, The Shift Towards Online Sho pping, Especially For Groceries, Could Become A More Permanent Part Of The Retail Landscape, Boosting Demand For Logistics Space In Turn.

Vineet Agarwal (2020)

The First And Most Noticeable Transition Will Be The Rise Of Domestic Procurement To Make Supply Chains More Lo cal. Multimodal Transport Using A Mix Of Rail, Sea And Road Will Gain Supremacy As Freight Moves Globally, Crissc rossing Many States. It Will Now Take More Seriously The Practise Of Creating Numerous And Comprehensive Conting ency Plans. To Avoid The Spread Of The Virus, It Would Be Beneficial To Minimise The Amount Of Touch Points That Every Product Passes Through The Entire Supply Chain Fromoutput To The Handling Of Businesses And Homes Up To The Doorstep. Automation Will Go Through An Accelerated Trend In Handling Systems Such As Cargo Palletization, C onveyor Systems, Robots, Drones, Drop Boxes, Among Others. Each Agency Engaged In Running Supply Chains Would Have To Go Through Severe Enforcement As Procedures For Worker, Commodity, Transport And Facility Sanitization Would Have To Be In Place.

1_{research Scholar, Department Of Commerce And Management, Amrita School Of Arts And Sciences, Kochi-682024} 2_{research Guide, Department Of Commerce And Management, Amrita School Of Arts And Sciences, Kochi-682024}

III.

Pandemic Affected All Sectors. One Of The Main Problems Faced Due To This Pandemic Wide Spread Is The Lock Down Practice And Separating Area As Containment Zone Adopted To Control The Spreading Of Virus. Due To This Most Of The Warehouses Day To Day Operations Stopped And The Delivery Careers Were Unable To Deliver The Items To Customers. Even Delivery Careers And Ware House Workers Were Diseased. All These Issues Affected Adversely The Distribution And Delivery Operations This Study Was Conducted To Know The Impact On Distribution And Delivery And What Are The Panacea To Bring Down The Impact. This Study Was Conducted To Know The Problems Faced By The Warehouses And Delivery Careers During The Distribution And Delivery Of Goods.

IV.

• To Study About How The Pandemic, Affect The Warehouses Operations. • To Study About How Pandemic Affect Delivery Careers.

V.

Both Primary And Secondary Data Were Used For The Study. Questionnaire Used To Collect Primary Data. Primary Data Collected From The Employees And Delivery Boys Working Under Warehouses In Angamaly Muncipality,Ernakulam District Kerala . There Are 12 Warehouses In This Area. For Collecting Secondary Data Researcher Used Internet And Write Ups.

VI.

200 Samples Were Taken By Using Stratified Sampling Method, 100 Warehouse Employees And 100 Delivery Careers Working Under Warehouses In Angamaly Muncipality,Ernakulam District Kerala . There Are 12 Warehouses In This Area.

VII.

Appropriate Statistical Tools Like Percentage Analysis And Garretts Ranking Technique Were Used To Process The Data To Fulfill The Objectives Of The Study.

VIII.

Table 1: Socio-Economic Profile Of The Delivery Carriers

Total 200 Sl

.No. Particulars No. %

1 Gender Female 38 19 Male 162 81 2 Age Up To 25 145 72.5 26 – 40 50 25 Above 40 5 2.5 3 Marital Status Married 60 30 Single 140 70 4 Education Illiterate 0 0 Up To S.S.L.C. 40 20 H.S.C 55 27.5 Ug 105 52.5 5

Income Per Month (Rs.)

Up To 15,000 168 84

15,001-25000 32 16

6

Experience (In Years) Up To 2 140 70

2.1-5 42 21

Above 5 18 9

Source: Primary Data

Table 1; Shows The Socio-Economic Profile Of Delivery Careers And Warehouse Employees In Angamaly Muncipality,Ernakulam Dist,Kerala; Gender Detail Shows 162 (81%) Of Delivery Careers And Warehouse Employees Are Male; 38(19) Are Female. Thus, Majority Of The Delivery Careers And Warehouse Employees Are Male.

Regarding The Age 145 (72.5%) Delivery Careers And Warehouse Employees Are Up To The Age Of 25 Years; 50(25%) Employees Age Ranges Between 26-40years;5(2.5%) Are Above 40 Years Of Age Thus, Most Of The Careers

Age Are Up To 25 Years. About The Marital Status 60(300%) Are Married And 140 (70%) Are Single; Thus, Majority Of The Employees Are Unmarried.

Education Details Show That 40(20%) Are Educated Up To Sslc; 55 (27.5%) Have Completed

H. Sc. And The Remaining 105 (52.5%) Are Under Graduates; Thus, Most Of Them Are Under Graduates.

Monthly Income Details Show That 168 (84%) Earn Up To Rs. 15,000 Per Month; 32 (16%) Earn Between Rs. 15001-25,000 Per Month; Thus, Most Of Them Earn Upto15000 Per Month. About The Experience In Delivery Service 140 (70%) Have Up To2 Years Of Experience; 42 (21%) Have 2.1-5 Years Of Experience; 18 (9%) Have More Than 5 Years Of Experience In Delivery Service; Thus, Majority Of Them Have Up To 2 Years Of Experience In This Field.

Table 2: Details About Distribution Area

Source: Primary Data

Regarding The Area Of Delivery 135 (67.5%) Delivery Is In Semi Urban Area; And The Remaining 65 (32.5%) Delivery In Rural Area; Thus Majority Of The Delivery Is In Semi Urban Areas.

Regarding Area Covered Per Day 32 (32%) Cover Up To 30 Kilometers Per Day; 26 (26%) Cover Up To 31 To 40 Kilometers; 42 (42%) Cover Above 40 Kilometers; Thus Majority Of Them Cover More Than 40 Kilometers.

Table 3: Problems During Delivery Of Goods

Sl.No. Problems In Delivery Garrett Ranking Mean

Score

Rank

1 Reachability To Customers 65.23 _I

2 Availability Of Protective Kits 38.51 _V

3 Cash On Delivery Issues 56.69 _Iii

4 Social Distancing Issues 58.42 _Ii

5 Health Issues 41.32 _Iv

Field Survey

It Is Clear From The Table, That Majority Of The Delivery Careers Facing Problem Related To The Reachability To Customers With Mean Score 65.23 (Ranked First), Social Distancing Issues With Mean Score 58.42 (Ranked 2nd_{), Cash} On Delivery Issues With Mean Score 56.69(Ranked 3rd_{), Health Issues With Mean Score 41.32 (Ranked 4}th_{) And} Availability Of Protective Kits With Mean Score 38.51 (Ranked 5th_).

Thus, Majority Of The Delivery Careers Facing Issue Related To Reachability To Customers. Total 100 Sl No. Particulars No . % 1 Area Of Delivery Semi Urban 135 67.5 Rural 65 32.5 2

Area Covered Per Day (In Kilometers)

Up To 50km 22 11

51-100km _{56 28}

Table 4: Problems Facing By Warehouses

Sl.No. Problems Garrett Ranking Mean Score Rank

1 Labour Availability 52.14 Ii

2 Lockdown Issues 58.63 I

3 Foreign Goods Fear 29.41 Vi

4 Storage Problem 32.13 Iv

5 Product Returning Issues 30.21 V

6 Availability Of Packing Materials 29.12 Vii

7 Transportation Issues 45.21 Iii

Field Survey

Warehouses Operations Also Affected By Pandemic. The Intensity Of Problems They Facing Are Clear From The Table, That Major Problems Are, Lockdown Issues With Mean Score 58.63 (Ranked 1st_{), Labour Availability With} Mean Score 52.14 (Ranked 2nd_{), Transportation Issues With Mean Score Of 45.21 (Ranked 3}rd)_{, Storage Problem With} Mean Score 32.13 (Ranked 4th_{), Product Returning Issues With Mean Score 30.21 (Ranked 5}th_{), Foreign Goods Fear} With Mean Score 29.41 (Ranked 6th) _{And Availability Of Packing Materials With Mean Score 29.12(7}th _Rank). Thus, Main Problem Facing During Warehouses Day To Day Activity Is Lockdown Issues.

IX.

• Majority Of The Careers Are Male. • Most Of The Careers Age Up To 25years. • Most Of The Delivery In Semi Urban Areas. • Most Of The Careers Earn Up To 15000 Per Month.

• Majority Of The Careers Cover More Than 100 Kilometers Per Day.

X.

• Increase The Number Of Shifts And Decrease The Number Of Employees • Increase The Use Of Automated Equipment’s

• Provide Adequate Safety Gadgets • Ensure Adequate Storage Space • Return Period Should Increase. • Provide Zip Type Covers For Packing • Additional Storage Should Find Out.

XI.

Covid 19 Pandemic Impact Is Very High Especially On Parcel Service Providers And Delivery Careers. Big Problem Is That They Are Not Able To Deliver The Products On Time. Another Is The Fear Of Spreading Of This Disease Among The Service Providers And Even Customers. Due To The Failure In Delivering Items Storage Facility Become Insufficient. In Order To Overcome Customer’s Dissatisfaction It Is Necessary To Timely Intimate Them The Issues And The Possible Delivery Time. Also Provide Provision For Customers To Collect Their Items From The Storage Spots. Online Sellers Should Increase The Returning Period .Adequate Protective Kits And Medical Checkups Should Provide To Delivery Careers. In Thinking Beyond The Context Of Pandemics, Organizations Should Find Out Different Ways To Overcome This Type Of Issues Like Automation Of Process Etc.

Reference

1. Todd Benge, Covid-19 Parcel Delivery: Challenges And Solutions, March 23, 2020. 2. Christina Dube, 15 Ways Covid Is Changing Warehousing And Distribution Forever, 2020.

3. Logistik Express Presseservice, Covid-19 Warehouse Property Demand Set To Change Worldwide, April 15, 2020.