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Research Article

ASYMPTOTICALLY 𝓘-STATISTICAL EQUIVALENT FUNCTIONS DEFINED

ON AMENABLE SEMIGROUPS

Uğur ULUSU1, Erdinç DÜNDAR*2, Bünyamin AYDIN3

1Afyon Kocatepe University, Dept. of Mathematics, AFYONKARAHISAR; ORCID: 0000-0001-7658-6114 2Afyon Kocatepe University, Dept. of Mathematics, AFYONKARAHISAR; ORCID: 0000-0002-0545-7486 3Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Department of Mathematics and Science Education,

Alanya-ANTALYA; ORCID: 0000-0002-0133-9386

Received: 01.04.2019 Revised: 30.05.2019 Accepted: 20.11.2019

ABSTRACT

In this study, we introduce the notions of asymptotically ℐ-equivalence, asymptotically ℐ∗-equivalence, asymptotically strongly ℐ-equivalence and asymptotically ℐ-statistical equivalence for functions defined on discrete countable amenable semigroups. Also, we examine some properties of these notions and relationships between them.

Keywords: Statistical convergence, ideal convergence, asymptotically equivalence, folner sequence, amenable semigroups.

1. INTRODUCTION

In [1], Fast introduced the notion of statistical convergence for real sequences. Also this notion was studied in [2], [3] and [4], too. The idea of ℐ-convergence was introduced by Kostyrko et al. [5] which is based on the structure of the ideal ℐ of subset of the set ℕ (natural numbers). Then, by using ideal, Das et al. [6] introduced a new notion, namely ℐ-statistical convergence.

In [7], Day studied on amenable semigroups. Then, the notions of summability in amenable semigroups were examined in [8], [9], [10] and [11]. Recently, Nuray and Rhoades [12] introduced the notions of convergence, strongly summability and statistical convergence for functions defined on amenable semigroups. Also, the notions of ℐ-summable and ℐ-statistical convergence for functions defined on amenable semigroups were studied by Ulusu et al. [13].

In [14], Marouf presented definitions for asymptotically equivalent sequences and asymptotic regular matrices. Then, the notion of asymptotically equivalence has been developed by many researchers (see, [15, 16, 17]). Recently, the notions of asymptotically equivalence, strongly asymptotically equivalence and asymptotically statistical equivalence for function defined on amenable semigroups were introduced by Nuray and Rhoades [18].

Now, we recall the basic definitions and concepts that need for a good understanding of our study (see, [5, 6, 12, 13, 14, 18]).

* Corresponding Author: e-mail: edundar@aku.edu.tr, tel: (272) 228 18 63

Sigma Journal of Engineering and Natural Sciences Sigma Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi

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Let 𝐺 be a discrete countable amenab le semigroup with identity in which both right and left cancelation laws hold, and

𝑤(𝐺) = {𝑓| 𝑓: 𝐺 → ℝ} and 𝑚(𝐺) = {𝑓 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺): 𝑓 𝑖𝑠 𝑏𝑜𝑢𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑑}. 𝑚(𝐺) is a Banach space with the supremum norm ∥ 𝑓 ∥∞= sup{|𝑓(𝑔)|: 𝑔 ∈ 𝐺}. Namioka [19] showed that, if 𝐺 is a countable amenable group, there exists a sequence {𝑆𝑛} of finite subsets of 𝐺 such that

i. 𝐺 = ⋃∞ 𝑛=1𝑆𝑛, ii. 𝑆𝑛⊂ 𝑆𝑛+1 (𝑛 = 1,2, … ), iii. lim 𝑛→∞ |𝑆𝑛𝑔∩𝑆𝑛| |𝑆𝑛| = 1, lim𝑛→∞ |𝑔𝑆𝑛∩𝑆𝑛| |𝑆𝑛| = 1,

for all 𝑔 ∈ 𝐺, where |𝐴| denotes the number of elements inside set 𝐴.

Any sequence of finite subsets of 𝐺 satisfying (i), (ii) and (iii) is called a Folner sequence for 𝐺.

The sequence 𝑆𝑛= {0,1,2, … , 𝑛 − 1} is a familiar Folner sequence giving rise to the classical Cesàro method of summability.

Let 𝐺 be a discrete countable amenable semigroup with identity in which both right and left cancelation laws hold. A function 𝑓 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) is said to be convergent to 𝑠 for any Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺 if for every 𝜀 > 0, there exists a 𝑛0∈ ℕ such that |𝑓(𝑔) − 𝑠| < 𝜀 holds, for all 𝑛 > 𝑛0 and 𝑔 ∈ 𝐺\𝑆𝑛.

A function 𝑓 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) is said to be strongly Cesàro summable to 𝑠 for any Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺 if lim 𝑛→∞ 1 |𝑆𝑛|∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛|𝑓(𝑔) − 𝑠| = 0 holds.

A function 𝑓 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) is said to be statistically convergent to 𝑠 for any Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺 if for every 𝜀 > 0,

lim 𝑛→∞

1

|𝑆𝑛||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: |𝑓(𝑔) − 𝑠| ≥ 𝜀}| = 0.

Let 𝑋 is a non-empty set. A family of sets ℐ ⊂ 2𝑋 is called an ideal on 𝑋 if i. ∅ ∈ ℐ,

ii. For each 𝐴, 𝐵 ∈ ℐ, 𝐴 ∪ 𝐵 ∈ ℐ, iii. For each 𝐴 ∈ ℐ and each 𝐵 ⊂ 𝐴, 𝐵 ∈ ℐ.

An ideal ℐ ⊂ 2𝑋 is called non-trivial if 𝑋 ∉ ℐ and a non-trivial ideal ℐ ⊂ 2𝑋 is called admissible if {𝑥} ∈ ℐ for each 𝑥 ∈ 𝑋.

An admissible ideal ℐ ⊂ 2𝑋 is said to satisfy the condition (𝐴𝑃) if for every countable family of mutually disjoint sets {𝐴1, 𝐴2, … } belonging to ℐ there exists a countable family of sets {𝐵1, 𝐵2, … } such that 𝐴𝑗Δ𝐵𝑗 is a finite set for 𝑗 ∈ ℕ and 𝐵 = ⋃∞𝑗=1𝐵𝑗∈ ℐ.

A non-empty family of sets ℱ ⊂ 2𝑋 is called a filter on 𝑋 if i. ∅ ∉ ℱ,

ii. For each 𝐴, 𝐵 ∈ ℱ, 𝐴 ∩ 𝐵 ∈ ℱ, iii. For each 𝐴 ∈ ℱ and each 𝐵 ⊃ 𝐴, 𝐵 ∈ ℱ.

ℐ ⊂ 2𝑋 is a non-trivial ideal if and only if ℱ(ℐ) = {𝑀 ⊂ 𝑋: (∃𝐴 ∈ ℐ)(𝑀 = 𝑋\𝐴)} is a filter on 𝑋, called the filter associated with ℐ.

Let 𝐺 be a discrete countable amenable semigroup with identity in which both right and left cancelation laws hold, and ℐ ⊂ 2𝐺 be an admissible ideal. A function 𝑓 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) is said to be ℐ-convergent to 𝑠 for any Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺 if for every 𝜀 > 0,

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holds.

Let 𝐺 be a discrete countable amenable semigroup with identity in which both right and left cancelation laws hold, and ℐ ⊂ 2ℕ be an admissible ideal. 𝑓 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) is said to be ℐ-statistical convergent to 𝑠, for any Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺 if for every 𝜀, 𝛿 > 0

{𝑛 ∈ ℕ:|𝑆1

𝑛||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: |𝑓(𝑔) − 𝑠| ≥ 𝜀}| ≥ 𝛿} ∈ ℐ

holds.

Two nonnegative sequences (𝑥𝑘) and (𝑦𝑘) are said to be asymptotically equivalent if lim

𝑘 𝑥𝑘 𝑦𝑘= 1

and it is denoted by 𝑥 ∼ 𝑦.

Two nonnegative functions 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are said to be asymptotically equivalent for any Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺 if for every 𝜀 > 0 there exists an 𝑛0∈ ℕ such that

|𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 1| < 𝜀 holds, for all 𝑛 > 𝑛0 and 𝑔 ∈ 𝐺\𝑆𝑛. It is denoted by 𝑓 ∼ ℎ.

Two nonnegative functions 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are said to be strongly Cesàro asymptotically equivalent for any Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺 if

lim 𝑛→∞ 1 |𝑆𝑛|∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛| 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 1| = 0 and it is denoted by 𝑓 ∼𝑤ℎ.

Two nonnegative functions 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are said to be asymptotically statistical equivalent for any Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺 if for every 𝜀 > 0

lim 𝑛→∞ 1 |𝑆𝑛||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: | 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 1| ≥ 𝜀}| = 0, and it is denoted by 𝑓 ∼𝑆 ℎ. 2. MAIN RESULTS

In this section, we introduce the notions of asymptotically ℐ-equivalence, asymptotically ℐ∗ -equivalence, asymptotically strongly ℐ-equivalence and asymptotically ℐ-statistical equivalence for functions defined on discrete countable amenable semigroups. Also, we examine some properties of these notions and relationships between of them. For the particular case; when the amenable semigroup is the additive positive integers, our definitions and theorems yield the results of [15, 17].

Definition 2.1 Let 𝐺 be a discrete countable amenable semigroup with identity in which both

right and left cancelation laws hold, and ℐ ⊂ 2𝐺 be an admissible ideal. Two nonnegative

functions 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are said to be asymptotically ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿, for any Folner

sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺 if for every 𝜀 > 0

{𝑔 ∈ 𝐺: |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀} ∈ ℐ. In this case, we write 𝑓 ∼ℐ𝐿

ℎ and simply asymptotically ℐ-equivalent, if 𝐿 = 1.

Example 2.1

 If we take ℐ = ℐ𝑓 be an ideal of all finite subsets of 𝐺, then we get asymptotically equivalent in [18] with respect to Folner sequence.

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 Let ℐ𝑑= {𝐻 ⊂ 𝐺: 𝛿(𝐻) = 0}. Then, ℐ𝑑 is an admissible ideal and asymptotically ℐ𝑑 -equivalence coincides with asymptotically statistical equivalent in [18] with respect to the Folner sequence.

Remark 2.1 The asymptotical ℐ-equivalence of 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) depends on the particular choice of

the Folner sequence.

By assuming ℐ = ℐ𝑑, let us show this by an example.

Example 2.2 Let 𝐺 = ℤ2 and take two Folner sequences as follows:

{𝑆𝑛1} = {(𝑖, 𝑗) ∈ ℤ2: |𝑖| ≤ 𝑛, |𝑗| ≤ 𝑛} and {𝑆𝑛2} = {(𝑖, 𝑗) ∈ ℤ2: |𝑖| ≤ 𝑛, |𝑗| ≤ 𝑛2}, and define 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) by 𝑓(𝑔): = { |𝑖𝑗|+3 |𝑖𝑗|+2 , if (𝑖, 𝑗) ∈ 𝐴, 1 , if (𝑖, 𝑗) ∉ 𝐴 and ℎ(𝑔): = { |𝑖𝑗|+1 |𝑖𝑗|+2 , if (𝑖, 𝑗) ∈ 𝐴, 1 , if (𝑖, 𝑗) ∉ 𝐴 where 𝐴 = {(𝑖, 𝑗) ∈ ℤ2: 𝑖 ≤ 𝑗 ≤ 𝑛, 𝑖 = 0,1,2, … , 𝑛; 𝑛 = 1,2, … }.

Since for the Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛2} lim 𝑛→∞ 1 |𝑆𝑛2||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛2: | 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 1| ≥ 𝜀}| = lim𝑛→∞ (𝑛+1)(𝑛+2) 2 (2𝑛+1)(2𝑛2+1)= 0,

then 𝑓(𝑔), ℎ(𝑔) are asymptotically ℐ𝑑-equivalent. But, since for the Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛1}

lim 𝑛→∞ 1 |𝑆𝑛1||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛 1: |𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 1| ≥ 𝜀}| = lim𝑛→∞ (𝑛+1)(𝑛+2) 2 (2𝑛+1)2 = 1 4≠ 0, then 𝑓(𝑔), ℎ(𝑔) are not asymptotically ℐ𝑑-equivalent.

Definition 2.2 Let 𝐺 be a discrete countable amenable semigroup with identity in which both

right and left cancelation laws hold, and ℐ ⊂ 2𝐺 be an admissible ideal. Two nonnegative

functions 𝑓, 𝑔 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are said to be asymptotically ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿, for any Folner

sequence {𝑆𝑛} for 𝐺 if there exists 𝑀 ⊂ 𝐺 such that 𝑀 ∈ ℱ(ℐ) (i.e., 𝐺\𝑀 ∈ ℐ) and an 𝑛0=

𝑛0(𝜀) ∈ ℕ such that for every 𝜀 > 0

|𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| < 𝜀, for all 𝑛 > 𝑛0 and all 𝑔 ∈ 𝑀\𝑆𝑛. In this case, we write 𝑓 ∼

𝐿

ℎ and simply asymptotically ℐ∗ -equivalent, if 𝐿 = 1.

Theorem 2.1 Let ℐ ⊂ 2𝐺 be an admissible ideal. If two nonnegative functions 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are

asymptotically ℐ∗-equivalent of multiple 𝐿, for Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} for 𝐺, then 𝑓, ℎ are

asymptotically ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿 for same sequence.

Proof. Suppose that 𝑓, 𝑔 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are asymptotically ℐ∗-equivalent of multiple 𝐿 for Folner

sequence {𝑆𝑛} for 𝐺. Then, there exists 𝑀 ⊂ 𝐺, 𝑀 ∈ ℱ(ℐ) (i.e., 𝐻 = 𝐺\𝑀 ∈ ℐ) and an 𝑛0= 𝑛0(𝜀) ∈ ℕ such that for every 𝜀 > 0

|𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| < 𝜀, for all 𝑛 > 𝑛0 and all 𝑔 ∈ 𝑀\𝑆𝑛. Therefore, obviously

𝐴𝜀∼= {𝑔 ∈ 𝐺: |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀} ⊂ 𝐻 ∪ 𝑆𝑛0.

Since ℐ is admissible, 𝐻 ∪ 𝑆𝑛0 ∈ ℐ and so 𝐴𝜀

∈ ℐ. Hence, 𝑓, 𝑔 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are asymptotically ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿.

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Theorem 2.2 Let ℐ ⊂ 2𝐺 be an admissible ideal that satisfy the condition (𝐴𝑃). If two

nonnegative functions 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are asymptotically ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿, for Folner

sequence {𝑆𝑛} for 𝐺, then 𝑓, 𝑔 are asymptotically ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿 for same sequence.

Proof. Let ℐ satisfies the condition (𝐴𝑃) and suppose that 𝑓(𝑔), ℎ(𝑔) ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are asymptotically

ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿 for Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} for 𝐺. Then, for every 𝜀 > 0 we have {𝑔 ∈ 𝐺: |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀} ∈ ℐ.

Denote by

𝐴1= {𝑔 ∈ 𝐺: |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 1} and 𝐴𝑛= {𝑔 ∈ 𝐺:𝑛1≤ |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| <𝑛+11 }

for 𝑛 ≥ 2, 𝑛 ∈ ℕ. Obviously, 𝐴𝑖∩ 𝐴𝑗= ∅ for 𝑖 ≠ 𝑗. By the condition (𝐴𝑃), there exists a sequence of sets (𝐵𝑛)𝑛∈ℕ such that 𝐴𝑗△ 𝐵𝑗 are infinite sets for 𝑗 ∈ ℕ and 𝐵 = ⋃∞𝑗=1𝐵𝑗∈ ℐ. It is sufficient to prove that there exist 𝑀 ⊂ 𝐺, 𝑀 ∈ ℱ(ℐ) (i.e., 𝑀 = 𝐺\𝐵) and an 𝑛0= 𝑛0(𝜀) ∈ ℕ such that for every 𝜀 > 0

|𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| < 𝜀, for all 𝑛 > 𝑛0 and all 𝑔 ∈ 𝑀\𝑆𝑛.

Let 𝜂 > 0. Choose 𝑘 ∈ ℕ such that 𝑘+11 < 𝜂. Then, for every 𝜂 > 0 we have {𝑔 ∈ 𝐺: |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜂} ⊂ ⋃𝑘+1

𝑗=1𝐴𝑗.

Since 𝐴𝑗△ 𝐵𝑗 (𝑗 = 1,2, . . . , 𝑘 + 1) are finite sets, there exists 𝑛0 such that ⋃𝑘+1 𝑗=1𝐵𝑗∩ (𝑀\𝑆𝑛0) = ⋃ 𝑘+1 𝑗=1𝐴𝑗∩ (𝑀\𝑆𝑛0). (1) If 𝑔 ∈ 𝑀\𝑆𝑛0 and 𝑔 ∉ ⋃ 𝑘+1

𝑗=1 𝐵𝑗, then 𝑔 ∉ ⋃𝑘+1𝑗=1𝐴𝑗 by (1). But we have |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| <𝑘+11 < 𝜂.

Hence, 𝑓, 𝑔 ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are asymptotically ℐ∗-equivalent of multiple 𝐿.

Definition 2.3 Let 𝐺 be a discrete countable amenable semigroup with identity in which both

right and left cancelation laws hold, and ℐ ⊂ 2ℕ be an admissible ideal. Two nonnegative

functions 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are said to be asymptotically strongly ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿, for any

Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} for 𝐺 if for every 𝜀 > 0

{𝑛 ∈ ℕ:|𝑆1

𝑛|∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛| 𝑓(𝑔)

ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀} ∈ ℐ. In this case, we write 𝑓 ∼[ℐ𝐿]ℎ.

Definition 2.4 Let 𝐺 be a discrete countable amenable semigroup with identity in which both

right and left cancelation laws hold, and ℐ ⊂ 2ℕ be an admissible ideal. Two nonnegative

functions 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are said to be asymptotically ℐ-statistical equivalent of multiple 𝐿, for any

Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} for 𝐺 if for every 𝜀, 𝛿 > 0

{𝑛 ∈ ℕ: 1

|𝑆𝑛||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: | 𝑓(𝑔)

ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀}| ≥ 𝛿} ∈ ℐ. In this case, we write 𝑓 ∼𝑆(ℐ𝐿)

ℎ.

Remark 2.2 The asymptotically ℐ-statistical equivalence of 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) depend on the particular

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Theorem 2.3 Let ℐ ⊂ 2ℕ be an admissible ideal. If two nonnegative function 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are

asymptotically strongly ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿, for Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺, then 𝑓 and ℎ

are asymptotically ℐ-statistical equivalent to multiple 𝐿 for same sequence.

Proof. Suppose that 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑤(𝐺) are asymptotically strongly ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿, for

Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} for 𝐺. For any fixed 𝜀 > 0, we have ∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛| 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| = ∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛 |𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)−𝐿|≥𝜀 |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| + ∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛 |𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)−𝐿|<𝜀 |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ |{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀}| ⋅ 𝜀 and this inequality gives that

1 𝜀⋅|𝑆𝑛|∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛| 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 1 |𝑆𝑛||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: | 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀}|. Hence, for any 𝛿 > 0,

{𝑛 ∈ ℕ:|𝑆1 𝑛||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: | 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀}| ≥ 𝛿} ⊆ {𝑛 ∈ ℕ: 1 |𝑆𝑛|∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛| 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝛿 ∙ 𝜀} holds. Therefore, due to our acceptance, the set in the right of above inclusion belongs to ℐ, so we get

{𝑛 ∈ ℕ:|𝑆1

𝑛||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: | 𝑓(𝑔)

ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀}| ≥ 𝛿} ∈ ℐ. This completes the proof.

Theorem 2.4 Let ℐ ⊂ 2ℕ be an admissible ideal. If 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑚(𝐺) are asymptotically ℐ-statistical

equivalent of multiple 𝐿 for Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} for 𝐺, then 𝑓, ℎ are asymptotically strongly

ℐ-equivalent of multiple 𝐿 for same sequence.

Proof. Suppose that 𝑓, ℎ ∈ 𝑚(𝐺) are asymptotically ℐ-statistical equivalent of multiple 𝐿 for

Folner sequence {𝑆𝑛} of 𝐺. Since 𝑓, 𝑔 ∈ 𝑚(𝐺), set ∥𝑓𝑔∥∞+ 𝐿 = 𝑀. Then, for given 𝜀 > 0 we have 1 |𝑆𝑛|∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛| 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| = 1 |𝑆𝑛| ∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛 |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)−𝐿|≥𝜀2 |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| +|𝑆1 𝑛| ∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛 |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)−𝐿|<𝜀2 |𝑓(𝑔)ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≤|𝑆𝑀 𝑛||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: | 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥2𝜀}| +𝜀2, and so {𝑛 ∈ ℕ:|𝑆1 𝑛|∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛| 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀} ⊆ {𝑛 ∈ ℕ: 1 |𝑆𝑛||{𝑔 ∈ 𝑆𝑛: | 𝑓(𝑔) ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀 2}| ≥ 𝜀 2𝑀}. Therefore, due to our acceptance, the right set belongs to ℐ, so we get

{𝑛 ∈ ℕ:|𝑆1

𝑛|∑𝑔∈𝑆𝑛| 𝑓(𝑔)

ℎ(𝑔)− 𝐿| ≥ 𝜀} ∈ ℐ. This completes the proof.

REFERENCES

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