• Sonuç bulunamadı

twenty six

N/A
N/A
Info
İndir
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "twenty six"

Copied!
12
0
0

Yükleniyor.... (view fulltext now)

Şimdi indir ( 12 sayfa )

Tam metin

(1)

lecture

twenty six

concrete construction:

columns & frames

Brenton Hardee

A

RCHITECTURAL

S

TRUCTURES

:

F

ORM,

B

EHAVIOR, AND

D

ESIGN

A

RCH 331

HÜDAVERDİ TOZAN

(2)

Concrete in Compression

• crushing

• vertical cracking

– tension

• diagonal cracking

– shear

•

c

f

http://www.bam.de

(3)

Columns Reinforcement

• columns require

– ties or spiral reinforcement

to “confine” concrete

(#3 bars minimum)

– minimum amount of longitudinal steel

(4)

Slenderness

• effective length in monolithic with

respect to stiffness of joint:

& k

• not slender when

22

r

kL

u

(5)

Effective Length (revisited)

• relative rotation

b

c

l

EI

l

EI

(6)
(7)

Column Design

•

c

= 0.65 for ties,

c

= 0.75 for spirals

• P

o

– no bending

• P

u

c

P

n

– ties: P

n

= 0.8P

o

– spiral: P

n

= 0.85P

o

• nominal axial capacity:

– presumes steel yields

– concrete at ultimate stress

st

y

st

g

c

o

f

A

A

f

A

P

0

.

85

(

)

(8)

Columns with Bending

• eccentric loads can cause moments

• moments can change shape and induce

more deflection

(P-

)

P

(9)

Columns with Bending

• for ultimate strength behavior, ultimate

strains can’t be exceeded

– concrete 0.003

– steel

• P reduces

with M

s

y

E

f

(10)

Columns with Bending

• need to consider

combined

stresses

• linear strain

• steel stress at or

below f

y

• plot interaction

(11)

Design Methods

• calculation intensive

– handbook charts

(12)

Design Considerations

• bending at both ends

– P-

maximum

• biaxial bending

• walls

– unit wide columns

– “deep” beam shear

Referanslar

Şimdi indir ( PDF - 12 sayfa - 1.03 MB )

Benzer Belgeler

Türev - Maximum Minimum Problemleri

Influence of CFRP Confinement on Bond Behavior of Steel Bars Embedded in Concrete Exposed to Elevated Temperatures

The second part of the thesis have been studied about simulation of the effects of fire in the building and investigation of the bond behavior of rebar and damaged concrete exposed

Application of a New Quantitative Approach to Stock Markets: Minimum Spanning Tree

Keywords: Dynamic Time Warping, Hierarchical Clustering, Minimum Spanning Tree, Stock Exchanges, Topology Evolution.. Yeni Bir Nicel Yaklaşımının Hisse Senedi

Makro İktisat Ders Notları

Ekonomik birimlerin özellikle fiyatlar genel düzeyi hakkındaki bekleyişlerini geçmişteki verilere ve deneyimlerine bağlı olarak belirlediğini ifade eder. Monoterist modelde

(Minimum DetectableValue-xMDV),Tayin limiti (LOQ-Limit of

Bunun sonucunda geri kazanım çalışmasında her zaman daha başarılı sonuçlar elde edilebilir... • Geri kazanım sonuçlarının aksi ilgili yasal mevzuat yada metot

Maximum and Minimum Values

We can use this to look for global extrema on intervals: Closed Interval Method3. To find the absolute maximum and minimum values

Hardness and Inapproximability Results for Minimum Verification Set and Minimum Path Decision Tree Problems

By showing the equivalence of the problem of finding a minimum verification set for an object and finding a minimum decision tree where the size of the tree is minimized for the root

Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Steel Fibrous Reinforced Concrete Slab Strips with Traditional Longitudinal Steel Bars

Despite the fact that the mechanical improvement of concrete due to effects of fibers on tensile and compressive stress of concrete are neglected by majority of