What is the history and religion?
«deen, dharma, tao, religion»
In brief,
• A chronological record of events, as of the life or development of a people or institution, often including an explanation of or
commentary on those events
• The branch of knowledge that records and analyzes past events
• The past events relating to a particular thing
• a continuous, systematic narrative of past events as relating to a particular people, country, period, person, etc., written as a
chronological account
Definition of the Word Deen
Deen is a word in Arabic roughly meaning "creed" or "religion" that features heavily in Islam. The term is loosely associated with religion, but in the Qur'an, it means the way of life in which righteous Muslims must adopt to
comply with divine law (Quran and sunnah), or Shari'a, and to the divine judgmentt.
The Hebrew term transliterated as "dīn", means either "law" or "judgement.
In Judaism, the word Dīn appears inthe Tanakh (the Hebrew Bible) which occurs 24 times. It often means "to judge", "judgment" and "to vindicate".
The transitive verb usage denotes "requite, compensate, rule, govern, obedience, abasement, recompense, requiter, governor.
“ 1:4 ِنيِدلٱٱٱ ِمْو َييي ِكِل َٰيم transliterated as
"Maliki yawmi ad-Dīni," and (usually) translated as "Master of the Day of Judgment".
”
What is the meaning of “deen” in Quran ?
Some Qur'anic scholars have translated Dīn in places as "faith"[ Others suggest that the term "has been used in various forms and meanings, e.g., system, power, supremacy, ascendancy, sovereignty or
lordship, dominion, law, constitution, government, realm, decision, definite outcome, reward and punishment. On the other hand, this word is also used in the sense of “obedience, submission and allegiance".[9
that the term Dīn is also widely used in translations of the Qur'an in a third sense. Most famously in its opening chapter, al-Fātiḥah, the term is translated in almost all English translations as "judgment":
The well-known Islamic scholar, Fazlur Rahman Malik, suggested that Dīn is best considered as "the way-to-be-followed".
What is the meaning of 'millah‘?
• Milel and Nihal”
What is the meaning of the work 'millah', and how does its meaning differ to that of 'deen'?
Millah and dîn are two words that are quite close in their meaning. We can refer to the millah of Islam or to the dîn of Islam.
Both words are mentioned in Qur’ân in this context.
Allah say: “And the Jews will not be pleased with you, nor the Christians, until you follow their religion (millah).” [Sûrah al-Baqarah: 120]
He says says: “And that is the religion (dîn) right and straight” [Sûrah al- Bayyinah: 5]
This does not mean that these two words are identical in meaning. Each has its separate meaning but they also converge in a shared general meaning. If one of these words is mentioned on its own, it will indicate the other.
If they are mentioned together in one context, the word millah will mean the
community of people following the religion and the whole of the message brought by the Messengers, while the word dîn will mean the religious devotion and
conviction of the people.
• History of history of religions in islamic World
• Three types
• 1. the books related with other religions and sects
• Abdülkerim Şehristanî (ö. 479 h.k.) "Milel ve Nihal«,
• İbn Hazm (ö. 456 h.k.) "el-Faslu fi’l-Milel ve’l-Ehva ve’n-Nihal«
• 2. the books related with religions / sects which were occured only in Islamic landscape.
• Ebu’l-Hasan Eş’arî, «Makalâtu’l-İslâmîyyin ve İhtilâfu’l-Musallîn»
• Abdulkahir Bağdadî (ö. 429 h.k.), «el-Farku Beyne’l-Fırak»
• 3. focused on only a specific islamic sect
• Nevbahtî, "Fıraku’s-Şia”
• Saad b. Abdullah Eş’arî , “el-Makalât ve’l-Fırak«
