Hâlid Su‘ûd Ez-Zeyd, hayatı, edebi kişiliği ve eserleri ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأو ،ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ﮫﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ،ﮫﺗﺎﯿﺣ ؛ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ

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Adres Kırklareli Üniversitesi, Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Bölümü, Kayalı Kampüsü-Kırklareli/TÜRKİYE e-posta: editor@rumelide.com

Address

Kırklareli University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Turkish Language and Literature, Kayalı Campus-Kırklareli/TURKEY e-mail: editor@rumelide.com

ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأو ،ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ﮫﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ ،ﮫﺗﺎﯿﺣ ؛ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ

Leyla YAKUPOĞLU BORAN¹

APA: Yakupoğlu Boran, L. (2020). Hâlid Su‘ûd Ez-Zeyd, hayatı, edebi kişiliği ve eserleri. RumeliDE Dil ve Edebiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi, (Ö7), 521-533. DOI: 10.29000/rumelide.808768.

ﺺﺨﻠﻤﻟا

بدﻷا ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﮭﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﻜﻣ لﺎﻧ ﺪﻘﻓ .ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو ﻲﺑدﻷا ﻦﯿَﻟﺎﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻟود ﺔﻀﮭﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺖﻤﮭﺳأ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﯿﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻢھأ ﺪﺣأ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﺪﻌﯾ ءﺎﻤﺳﻷا ﺮﺜﻛأ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺣاﻮﻛ ﺚﯾﺪﺤﻟا ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺖﺒﻌﻟ ﻲﺘﻟا ﻦﯿﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءﺎﺑدﻷا ﺔﻄﺑاﺮﻟ ﻦﯿﺴﺳﺆﻤﻟا ءﺎﻀﻋﻷا ﺪﺣأ نﺎﻛ يﺬﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﻦّﯿﻋ ﺪﻘﻟ .ﺎًطﺎﺸﻧ

ﺔﻠﺠﻣ ﺮﯾﺮﺤﺗ ﺮﯾﺪﻣ ﺐﺼﻨﻣ ﻞﻐﺷ ﺎﻤﻛ .ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ةﺎﯿﺤﻟا ﻞﯿﻜﺸﺗ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﮭﻣ ارود ﺔﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا نﺎﯿﺒﻟا

ﺪﯾﺪﻌﻟا لﺎﻧ .(ءﺎﺑدﻷا ﺔﻄﺑار) ﺎﮭﺗرﺪﺻأ ﻲﺘﻟا

ﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأ ﻦﻋ ﺰﺋاﻮﺠﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻲﻓ (ﻲﺑﺮﻋ ﺐﺗﺎﻛ ﻞﻀﻓأ) ـﻛ ﺚﯾﺪﺤﻟا بدﻷا لﺎ

١٩٨٢ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺣ ﺎﻤﻛ (ﻦﯿﻧﺮﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءﺎﺑدأ) ﮫﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻋ ﻚﻟذو

.(ﻦﯿﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻦﯿﺻﺎﺼﻘﻟا ﺦﯿﺷ يﺮﯾوﺪﻟا ﺪﮭﻓ) ﮫﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻋ (بﺎﺘﻛ ﻞﻀﻓأ) ةﺰﺋﺎﺟ ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟاو ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺳﺎﯿﺴﻟا ﺎﯾﺎﻀﻘﻟا لﺎﯿﺣ ﺖﻤﺼﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻟا مﺰﺘﻠﯾ ﻢﻟ

ﻤﻟا هﺮﻋﺎﺸﻣو هرﺎﻜﻓأ ﻦﻋ ﺮّﺒﻋو ،ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺎﯾرﻮﺳو ﺮﺼﻣو ﺮﺋاﺰﺠﻟاو ﻦﻤﯿﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺳﺎﯿﺴﻟا عﺎﺿوﻷاو ﺔﯿﻨﯿﻄﺴﻠﻔﻟا ﺔﯿﻀﻘﻟاو ﺞﯿﻠﺨﻟا بﺮﺤﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘ

.ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻗ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ لﺎﻤﻋأ ﻰﻟإ ﺎﻧﺮﻈﻧ اذإ .ﻒﺜﻜﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻲﻓﻮﺼﻟاو ﻲﺣوﺮﻟاو ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﻹا ﺐﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا تﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻤﻟا لوﺎﻨﺗ ﮫﻧأ هرﺎﻌﺷأ ﻲﻓ وﺪﺒﯾو

ﺿاو ﮫﺑﻮﻠﺳأ نأ ﺎﻨﻟ ﻦﯿﺒﺘﯾ ﺔﯾﺮﺜﻨﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأ ﻢﻈﻌﻣ ﻲﻓ مﺪﺨﺘﺴﯾو ﮫﺋرﺎﻗ ﻢﯿﻠﻌﺗ ﻰﻟإ ﮫﻟﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ فﺪﮭﯾ ﻲﻤﯿﻠﻌﺗ بﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺐﺘﻜﯾ ﻮﮭﻓ ،ﺲﻠﺳو ﺢ

.ﻲﺠﮭﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺘﻟاو َﻖﯿﺛﻮﺘﻟاو َةﺪھﺎﺸﻤﻟا ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻲﻓﻮﺗ ،ﺔﻤﯿﻘﻟا لﺎﻤﻋﻷا ﻦﻣ تاﺮﺸﻋ كﺮﺗو جﺎﺘﻧﻹﺎﺑ ةﺮﺧاز ةﺎﯿﺣ شﺎﻋ يﺬﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ

مﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ 2001 ل ُوﺎﻨﺗ ّﻢﺘﯿﺳ ﺔﻟﺎﻘﻤﻟا هﺬھ ﻲﻓ. ،ﻚﻟذ .ﮫﺗﺎﻔﻟﺆﻣو هرﺎﻌﺷأ ﻰﻟإ ةرﺎﺷﻹا ﻊﻣ ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ﮫﺗﺎﯿﺣ ﻰﻟإ قﺮﻄﺘﻟاو ،اﺮﻋﺎﺷو ﺎﺒﺗﺎﻛ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ

.ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ةﺎﯿﺤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻞﻏﻮﺘﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﯿﺜﺤﺒﻟا ﺔﻠﯿﺳﻮﻟا هﺬﮭﺑ ّﻢﺘﯾ فﻮﺳ بدﻷا ﺺﺼﺨﺘﻣو ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟاو ئرﺎﻘﻟا

:ﺔﯿﺣﺎﺘﻔﻤﻟا تﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟا ﻷا ،ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ

ﻟا ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ،ﺚﯾﺪﺤﻟا بد ﺮﺜﻨﻟا ،ﺮﻌﺸ

Hâlid Su‘ûd Ez-Zeyd, hayatı, edebi kişiliği ve eserleri

Öz

Hem yazar ve şair hem de araştırmacı ve tarihçi kimliğine sahip olan Hâlid Su‘ûd ez-Zeyd, Kuveyt Devleti’nin edebî ve kültürel alanda kalkınmasına hizmet eden en önemli şahsiyetlerden biridir.

Modern Kuveyt toplumun tesisinde ve bu sürecin işleyişinde etkin ve önemli bir rol oynayan ez- Zeyd gerek kültürel gerekse edebî alanda pek çok faaliyet gerçekleştirmiştir. Bunlardan en önemlisi ve ilki Râbıtatu’l-udebâi’l-Kuveytiyyîn (Kuveytli Edebiyatçılar Derneği)’in kuruluşunda öncü isimlerden biri olmasıdır. Râbıtatu’l-udebâ tarafından çıkartılan el-Beyânu’l-Kuveytiyye adlı derginin yazı işleri müdürlüğü görevini de üstlenmiştir. Ayrıca derneğin düzenlemiş olduğu çok sayıda kültür ve edebiyat toplantısına öncülük ve ev sahipliği yapmış, bu toplantılarda sunmuş olduğu bildirilerle edebiyatın gelişimine önemli katkılar sağlamıştır. Genel anlamda Arap edebiyatı, özellikle de Kuveyt edebiyatı alanında yapmış olduğu çalışmalarla birçok ödüle layık görülmüştür.

ez-Zeyd, şair kimliğiyle Kuveyt’te ve Arap dünyasında yaşanan siyasî sorunlara da sessiz kalmamış;

I. Körfez Savaşı, Filistin meselesi, Yemen, Cezayir, Mısır ve Suriye’nin siyasi durumlarına dair düşüncelerini ve hissettiklerini çeşitli şiirlerinde dile getirmiştir. Yazar kimliğiyle Hâlid Su‘ûd ez- Zeyd’in mensûr eserlerine bakıldığında ise üslubunun sade ve akıcı olduğu, karşısındakini eğitme amacı güderek bir öğretmen edasıyla yazılarını kaleme aldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada da Arap Körfezi’nin özellikle edebi ve kültürel alanda kalkınması için zamanının şartlarını zorlayarak çalışan ve çok yönlü bir şahsiyet olan Hâlid Su‘ûd ez-Zeyd’in edebi hayatı, eserlerinden referanslar gösterilerek ele alınacaktır.

1 Dr., İstanbul Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi, Doğu Dilleri ve Edebiyatları Bölümü, Arap Dili ve Edebiyatı ABD (İstanbul, Türkiye), leyla.yakupoglu@istanbul.edu.tr, ORCID: 0000-0003-1236-2888 [Makale kayıt tarihi: 11.08.2020- kabul tarihi: 20.10.2020; DOI: 10.29000/rumelide.808768]

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5 22 / R umeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies 2020.S7 (October) Khalid Saud Al-Zaid: The life, literary personality and the works / L. Yakupoğlu Boran (pp. 521-533)

Address

Anahtar kelimeler: Hâlid Su‘ûd ez-Zeyd, Kuveyt, modern edebiyat, şiir, nesir

Khalid Saud Al-Zaid: The life, literary personality and the works

Abstract

Khalid Saud al-Zaid is one of the most important writer, poet, and literature historian of Kuwait who played an important role to improve of Kuwaiti literature and culture. He also is considered as a pioneer of modern term in Kuwait. In addition to this, he was one of the founders of Association of Writers in Kuwait which helped development of modern Kuwaiti literature. When Association of Writers in Kuwait started to publish to al-Majalah al-Bayan al-Kuwaiti al-Zaid claimed responsibility of its chief-editorship and directed literary activities in Kuwait. He won a lot of awards thanks to his Works about modern Kuwaiti literature as ‘The Best Arab Writer’ with his book named Udaba al-Kuwait fi Karnain in 1982, ‘The Best Book’ thanks to his book named ‘Fahd al-Duwairy: Sheikh al-Qassaseen in Kuwait’ etc. As a poet, al-Zaid composed his poems about patriotism, problems of Arab nations such as Palestin, Yemen, Egypt, Syria and Algeria. Also, divine love and human love form his poem’s issues. While mentioning about divine love, it is possible to see impression of Islamic mysticism in his poems. As a writer, his wording is unsophisticated and fluent. He wrote his books and articles by the aim of teaching people. In his books which are about problems of literature and culture, al-Zaid follows a method occurring from observation, documentation and analysis. In this article, it will be mentioned about Kuwaiti writer and poet Khalid Saud al-Zaid and his literary life by referring to his poets and books. Thus, Kuwait’s modern term intellectual will be tried to be introduced to literature readers, researchers and academicians.

Keywords: Khalid Saud al-Zaid, Kuwait, modern literature, poet, prose

ﻞﺧﺪﻣ

ﻻا ﻢﺗ ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻌﻟا هﺬھ ةﺮﯿﺗو ﻊﯾﺮﺴﺗ ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣو ،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺛو ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟاو يدﺎﺼﺘﻗاو ﻲﺳﺎﯿﺳ ﺚﯾﺪﺤﺗ ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻦﯾﺮﺸﻌﻟا نﺮﻘﻟا ﺔﯾاﺪﺑ ﺬﻨﻣ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻟود ﺖﻠﺧد لﺎﻘﺘﻧ

ﻘﻋأو ،جرﺎﺨﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا ﻰﻟإ بﻼﻄﻟا لﺎﺳرإو ،ﺚﯾﺪﺣ ﻲﻤﯿﻠﻌﺗ مﺎﻈﻧ ﻰﻟإ ﺔﯿﻤﯿﻠﻌﺘﻟا تﺎﺴﺳﺆﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻا يداﻮﻨﻟا ءﺎﺸﻧإ ﻰﻟوﻷا تاﻮﻄﺨﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ ﺐ

و ،جرﺎﺨﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻒﺤﺼﻟاو ﺔﯿﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻاو ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا تﻼﺠﻤﻟا ﺐﻠﺟو ،تﻻﺎﺠﻤﻟا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻲﻓ إ

اﺬھ ﺔﻋﺎﺒط تﺎطﺎﺸﻧ تأﺪﺑ ﺎﻤﻛ ،ﻦﯿﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءاﺮﻘﻟا ﻰﻟإ ﺎﮭﻟﺎﺼﯾ

تاذ ﺔﺜﯾﺪﺤﻟا ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻠﻟ ﺔﺴ ِّﺳﺆﻤﻟا ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷا ﻦﻣ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺪﻘﻟ ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ تارﻮﺸﻨﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ عﻮﻨﻟا ﻦﯿﻣﺮﺘﺤﻤﻟا ﻦﯿﻔﻘﺜﻤﻟا ﺾﻌﺑ مﺎﻗ ﺪﻘﻟو .ﺔﺑﺎﺸﻟا ﺔﯿﻧﺎﻜﺴﻟا ﺔﯿﻨﺒﻟا

ا ﻚﻠﺗ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ،ﺎًﯿﺠﯾرﺪﺗ هﺬھ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﮭﺘﺒﻠﺟ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺮﯿﯾﺎﻌﻤﻟا هﺎﺠﺗ ﺎًﻣﺎﻤﺗ ﺎًﯿﺒﻠﺳ ﺎًﻔﻗﻮﻣ ﺐﻌﺸﻟا ﺬﺨﺘﯾ ﻼﯿﻛ ةﺮﯿﺒﻛ لﺎﻤﻋﺄﺑ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺘﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺔﺌﺷﺎﻨﻟ

ﻦھﺬﻟا ﻰﻟإ ردﺎﺒﺘﯾ ﺎﻣ لوأ قﺎﯿﺴﻟا اﺬھ ﻲﻓ .ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو ﻲﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻا ت) ﺪﯿﺷﺮﻟا ﺰﯾﺰﻌﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ؛ﻦﯿﻔﻘﺜﻤﻟا ءﻻﺆھ ءﺎﻤﺳأ ﻦﻣ

1938 ﻲﻋﺎﻨﻘﻟا ﻰﺴﯿﻋ ﻦﺑ ﻒﺳﻮﯾو ،(

1973 ت) ت) ﻦﯿﺴﺤﻟا ﺰﯾﺰﻌﻟا ﺪﺒﻋو ،(

1996 ت) ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧو ( 2001

.(

نأ ﻊﺒﻄﻟﺎﺑ ﻞﯿﺤﺘﺴﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﮫﻧأ ﻻإ ،ﻦﯾﺮﺸﻌﻟا نﺮﻘﻟا ﻞﺋاوأ ﻮھ ﺚﯾﺪﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا لﻮﺧد ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ نأ ﺮﻛﺬﺗ ردﺎﺼﻤﻟا نأ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏﺮﻟﺎﺑ ﺐﻌﺸﻟا اﺬھ ّنإ :لﻮﻘﻧ

ﻲﻓ تأﺪﺑ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺚﯾﺪﺤﺘﻟا تﺎﻛﺮﺣ نأ ﻆﺣﻮﻟ ذإ ؛تﻻﺎﺠﻤﻟا ﻞﻛ ﻲﻓ ةﺄﺠﻓ ﺚﯾﺪﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ ضﺎﺧ ،"ﮫﺴﻔﻧ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻖﻠﻐﻨﻣ" ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻣ ﮫﻧﺄﺑ ف َﺮﻌُﯾ يﺬﻟا ﻲﺠﯿﻠﺨﻟا ﺑ ﻲﺟرﺎﺨﻟا ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟا ﻊﻣ ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟا ﻞﻋﺎﻔﺗ نﻷ ؛ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻂﻔﻨﻟا فﺎﺸﺘﻛا ﺪﻌﺑ صﺎﺧ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺖﻋرﺎﺴﺗ ﻦﯾﺮﺸﻌﻟا نﺮﻘﻟا ﻞﺋاوأ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ ﺪﻗ ﻲﻘﯿﻘﺤﻟا ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻟﺎ

.يدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا لﺎﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ثﺪﺣ يﺬﻟا رﻮﻄﺘﻟا ﻊﻣ

مﺎﻋ ةﺪﺤﺘﻤﻟا ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤﻟا ﻊﻣ ﺔﻛاﺮﺸﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﮭﺴﯿﺳﺄﺗ ﻢﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ﻂﻔﻨﻟا ﺔﻛﺮﺷ ﻊﻣ ﺎًﯿﺠﯾرﺪﺗ ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺖﺤﺘﻔﻧا ﻲﺘﻟا ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا نإ 1934

ﺮﺜﻛأ ةﺎﯿﺣ سﺎﻨﻟا ءﺪﺑ ﻊﻣو

ﻲﻓ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﺪﮭﺸﺗ نأ ﻢﺘﺤﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ تﺎﺑ ﻂﻔﻨﻟا تاﺪﺋﺎﻋ ﻞﻀﻔﺑ ا ًرﺎھدزا مﻼﻋﻹا ﻞﺋﺎﺳو رﺎﺸﺘﻧاو ،ﺔﯿﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو ﺔﯿﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻا تﻻﺎﺠﻤﻟا

- ﺖﻘﺜﺒﻧا تﻼﺠﻣو ﻒﺤﺻ

ﺐﺜﻛ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟا ةﺪھﺎﺸﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻏﺮﻟا ﻦﻋ -

ﻰﻟإ اﻮﻠﺳرأ ﻦﯾﺬﻟا بﻼﻄﻟا دﻮﮭﺟ نﺈﻓ لﺎﺤﻟا ﺔﻌﯿﺒﻄﺑ .ةﺪﯾﺪﺟ تﺎﻓﺎﻘﺛ ﻰﻟإ فﺮﻌﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻌﯿﺒط ﻞﻜﺸﺑ عﺮﺳ

ﻤﯿﻠﻌﺗ مﺎﻤﺗإ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻢﮭﻧاﺪﻠﺑ ﻰﻟإ اودﺎﻋو ،ةﺮﻜﺒﻣ ةﺮﺘﻓ ﻲﻓ جرﺎﺨﻟا ﺖﺑﺬﺟ ،(ﺪﯾﺪﺠﻟا ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟا) ﻲﻓ هوﺪھﺎﺷ ﺎﻣو ،ﻢﮭﺑرﺎﺠﺗ ﻊﻣ ﻢﮭﻌﻤﺘﺠﻣ ﻒﯿﯿﻜﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻢﮭﻟﺎﻤﻋأو ،ﻢﮭ

يﺪﯿﻠﻘﺘﻟا ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟا تاذ ﺔﻟوﺪﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺚﯾﺪﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ نﺈﻓ ﻚﻟذ ﻊﻣو .لﺎﺤﻟا ﺔﻌﯿﺒﻄﺑ (ﺪﯾﺪﺠﻟا) لﻮﺣ لﻮﻀﻓ ﻢﮭﯾﺪﻟ ﻦﯾﺬﻟا ﻚﺌﻟوأ هﺎﺒﺘﻧا مﺎﻋ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ

.ضﺎﺨﻣ ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋ وﺪﺒﺗ

(3)

Address

د ﺐﻌﻟ يﺬﻟا ﺪﯾز ﺪﯿﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ نإ ﻲﻓ تﺎﯿﻟﺎﻌﻔﻟاو ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷا ﻦﻣ ﺪﯾﺪﻌﻟﺎﺑ مﺎﻗ ،هﺬھ ﺚﯾﺪﺤﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻠﻤﻋو ﺚﯾﺪﺤﻟا ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟا ﺲﯿﺳﺄﺗ ﻲﻓ ًﺎﻣﺎھو ًﺎﻄﺸﻧ ًارو

ﻜﯾ ﺎﻤﺑ ﻢﮭﻣ ﻲﺑدﻷا رﻮﻄﺘﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﻄﺑاﺮﻟا هﺬھ رودو ،ﺔﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءﺎﺑدﻷا ﺔﻄﺑار ءﺎﺸﻧإ ﻲﻓ ﮫﺘﻛرﺎﺸﻣ ﺎﮭﻟوأو ﺎﮭﻤھأو .ﻲﺑدﻷاو ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا ﻦﯿﻟﺎﺠﻤﻟا نﻮﻜﯿﻟ ﻲﻔ

ًﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟ ﺎ .ﻲﺑدﻷا لﺎﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﺎﮭﺑ مﺎﻗ ﻲﺘﻟا لﺎﻤﻋﻷاو ﺔﻄﺸﻧﻷا لوﺎﻨﺘﻨﺳ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا هﺬھ ﻲﻓ ،ﺔﻠﺼﻔﻨﻣ

١

- ﮫﺗﺎﯿﺣ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟاو ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻟاو ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻟا ﺪﻟو .ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو ﻲﺑدﻷا ﻦﯿَﻟﺎﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻟود ﺔﻀﮭﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺖﻤﮭﺳأ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﯿﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻢھأ ﺪﺣأ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﺪﻌﯾ خرﺆﻤﻟاو

ﻲﻓ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ 27

ﺮﯾﺎﻨﯾ 1937 ﮫﺘﺳارد ﻞﺻاو ،ﺔﯿﻠﺒﻘﻟا ﺔﺳرﺪﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻤﻟاو ﻲﺋاﺪﺘﺑﻻا ﮫﻤﯿﻠﻌﺗ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﮭﺘﻧﻻا ﺪﻌﺑ .ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻨﯾﺪﻤﺑ ﺔﻠﺒﻘﻟا ﻲﺣ ﻲﻓ ،

مﺎﻋ ﺔﯿﻛرﺎﺒﻤﻟا ﺔﺳرﺪﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯾﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟا 1951

ﺔﺒﻌﺼﻟا ﺔﯿﺸﯿﻌﻤﻟا فوﺮﻈﻟا ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﻞﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺮﻄﺿا ﮫﻧﻷ ؛ﮫﻤﯿﻠﻌﺗ كﺮﺗ ﮫﻧأ ﻻإ ، نأ ﻲﻨﻌﯾ ﻻ ﻢﯿﻠﻌﺘﻠﻟ ﮫﻛﺮﺗ ﻦﻜﻟ .2

ﺎﺳارد ﺮﺜﻛأ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺣاﻮﻛ ﺚﯾﺪﺤﻟا ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا بدﻷا ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﮭﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﻜﻣ لﺎﻧ ﺪﻘﻓ ،ﻚﻟذ ﻦﻣ ﺲﻜﻌﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﺑ ،ﺖﻔﻗﻮﺗ ﺪﻗ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو بدﻷا ﻲﻟﺎﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأو ﮫﺗ

ﺪﻋﺎﻘﺗ ﺚﯿﺣ ،ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا قﺮﺒﻟاو ﺪﯾﺮﺒﻟا ﻢﺴﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﻞﻤﻋ ،قزﺮﻟا ﺐﺴﻜﻟ ةﺮﯿﺼﻗ ةﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺪﯿﻣﺮﻘﻠﻟ ﻊﻨﺼﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا ﺪﻌﺑ .ﺎًطﺎﺸﻧ ءﺎﻤﺳﻷا ﻲﻓ ﮫﻨﻣ

مﺎﻋ 1986

3.

اﺮﺛﺈﺑ ﺐﺘﻜﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ لﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا مﺎﻗ .ﺐﺘﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﺮﯿﺒﻛ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ هﺪﻟاو لﺰﻨﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺪﻘﻓ ،بدﻷاو مﻮﻠﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻠﺻ ﺎﮭﻟ ﺔﺌﯿﺑ ﻲﻓ دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﺄﺸﻧ ﮫﻤﻟﺎﻋ ء

ﺎﺘﻛ ﻒﻟأ ﺮﺸﻋ ﻲﻨﺛا ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛأ ﻰﻠﻋ يﻮﺘﺤﺗ ﮫﺘﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﺖﻧﺎﻛو .ﮫﺑ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺔﻠﺼﻔﻨﻣ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﺄﺸﻧأ بدﻷاو ةءاﺮﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﮫﻣﺎﻤﺘھا ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ،ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا تﻻﺎﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ عﻮﺒﻄﻣ ب

ةﺮﯿﺒﻛ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﺠﻣ ﻢﻀﺗ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺐﺘﻜﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ ﻰﻟإ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ .ﻢﯾﺮﻜﻟا نآﺮﻘﻟا ﺮﯿﺴﻔﺗو ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺔﻐﻠﻟاو بدﻷاو فﻮﺼﺘﻟاو ﺔﻔﺴﻠﻔﻟا ﻲﻓ ؛ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻦﻣ

.تﺎطﻮﻄﺨﻤﻟاو ﺐﺘﻜﻟا هﺬھ ﻰﻠﻋ نﻮﯿﻗاﺮﻌﻟا دﻮﻨﺠﻟا ﻰﻟﻮﺘﺳا ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻟوﺪﻟ قاﺮﻌﻟا وﺰﻏ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﮫﻧأ ﺪﯿﺑ .تﺎطﻮﻄﺨﻤﻟا 4

ﺧ ﻦّﯿﻋ ﺪﻘﻟ ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ةﺎﯿﺤﻟا ﻞﯿﻜﺸﺗ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﮭﻣ ارود ﺖﺒﻌﻟ ﻲﺘﻟا ﻦﯿﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءﺎﺑدﻷا ﺔﻄﺑاﺮﻟ ﻦﯿﺴﺳﺆﻤﻟا ءﺎﻀﻋﻷا ﺪﺣأ نﺎﻛ يﺬﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎ

) مﺎﻌﻟا ﺲﻔﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻄﺑاﺮﻟا هﺬﮭﻟ ﺎﻣﺎﻋ ﺎﻨﯿﻣأ 1966

ﺔﻠﺠﻣ ﺮﯾﺮﺤﺗ ﺮﯾﺪﻣ ﺐﺼﻨﻣ ﻞﻐﺷ ﺎﻤﻛ .(

ﺔﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا نﺎﯿﺒﻟا ﻟإ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ .(ءﺎﺑدﻷا ﺔﻄﺑار) ﺎﮭﺗرﺪﺻأ ﻲﺘﻟا

ﻰ

ﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ بدﻷا ﺮﯾﻮﻄﺗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﮭﻣ تﺎﻣﺎﮭﺳﺈﺑ مﺎﻗو ،ﺎﮭﻓﺎﻀﺘﺳاو ﺔﻄﺑاﺮﻟا ﺎﮭﺘﻤﻈﻧ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﺑدﻷاو ﺔﯿﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا تاءﺎﻘﻠﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺪﯾﺪﻌﻟا ﻲﻓ اًﺪﺋار نﺎﻛ ﻚﻟذ قاروﻷا ل

.تاءﺎﻘﻠﻟاو تﺎﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻا ﻚﻠﺗ ﻲﻓ ﺎﮭﺑ مﺪﻘﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا مﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ 1977 ا ﺔﻣﻮﻜﺤﻟا ﻲﻓ تﻻﺎﺼﺗﻻا ةرازو تارادإ ﻦﻣ ﺪﯾﺪﻌﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﮭﻣ مﺎﮭﻣ ﻰﻟﻮﺗ ﻰﻠﻋﻷا يرﺎﺸﺘﺳﻻا ﺲﻠﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ا ًﻮﻀﻋ هرﺎﯿﺘﺧا ﻢﺗو ،ﺔﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟ

ﻲﻣﺎﻋ ﻦﯿﺑ ةرازﻮﻟا هﺬﮭﻟ 1991

- 1993 ﺔﯿﻤﻠﻌﻟا تاءﺎﻘﻠﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺪﯾﺪﻌﻟا ﺮﻀﺣو .ﻦﻣﺰﻟا ﻦﻣ ةﺮﺘﻓ (ﺔﯿﺑدأ تﺎﺴﺒﻗ) ﻲﻋاذﻹا ﺞﻣﺎﻧﺮﺒﻟا ﻢﯾﺪﻘﺗو داﺪﻋﺈﺑ مﺎﻗو .

ﻷا ﺎﯿﻧﺪﻟ ﺔﯾﺎﻐﻠﻟ ﺔﻤﮭﻣ تﺎﻣﺪﺧ مﺪﻗو ،ﺎﮭﺟرﺎﺧو ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ تﺪﻘﻋ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﻤﯾدﺎﻛﻷاو تاﺮﺸﻋ كﺮﺗو جﺎﺘﻧﻹﺎﺑ ةﺮﺧاز ةﺎﯿﺣ شﺎﻋ يﺬﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ .بد

مﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻲﻓﻮﺗ ،ﺔﻤﯿﻘﻟا لﺎﻤﻋﻷا ﻦﻣ 2001

.

ﺰﺋاﻮﺠﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ ﻦﻣو .صﻮﺼﺨﻟا ﮫﺟو ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا بدﻷاو ،مﺎﻋ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟا بدﻷا لﺎﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأ ﻦﻋ ﺰﺋاﻮﺠﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺪﯾﺪﻌﻟا لﺎﻧ :5

- ﻲﻓ (ﻲﺑﺮﻋ ﺐﺗﺎﻛ ﻞﻀﻓأ) ةﺰﺋﺎﺟ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺣ مﺎﻋ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺴﻟا ﮫﺗرود ﻲﻓ بﺎﺘﻜﻠﻟ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ضﺮﻌﻣ

1982 (ﻦﯿﻧﺮﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءﺎﺑدأ) ﮫﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻋ ﻚﻟذو ،

.تاﺪﻠﺠﻣ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﻦﻣ ن ّﻮﻜﻤﻟا

- ءﺎﺑدﻷا ﺔﻄﺑار ﮫﺘﻤﻈﻧ يﺬﻟا لوﻷا بﺎﺘﻜﻟا ضﺮﻌﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻚﻟذو (ﻦﯿﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻦﯿﺻﺎﺼﻘﻟا ﺦﯿﺷ يﺮﯾوﺪﻟا ﺪﮭﻓ) ﮫﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻋ (بﺎﺘﻛ ﻞﻀﻓأ) ةﺰﺋﺎﺟ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺣ

مﺎﻋ 1984 .

مﺎﺳو ﺢِﻨُﻣ - مﺎﻋ ﺔﯿﻤﺷﺎﮭﻟا ﺔﯿﻧدرﻷا ﺔﻜﻠﻤﻤﻟا ﮫﺘﻤﻈﻧ يﺬﻟا نﻮﻨﻔﻟاو ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا نﺎﺟﺮﮭﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺮﯾﺪﻘﺗ .بدﻷا لﺎﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋﻷ ا ًﺮﯾﺪﻘﺗ ﻚﻟذو ،م1985

مﺎﻋ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻞﺼﯿﻓ ﻚﻠﻤﻟا ةﺰﺋﺎﺠﻟ ﺢِّﺷ ُر - 1994

.

- مﺎﻋ ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا لﺎﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ هدﻮﮭﺠﻟ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻟود ﻦﻣ ﺮﯾﺪﻘﺘﻟا مﺎﺳو ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﺼﺣ 2001

.

- ﺪﻌﺑ مﺎﻋ ﮫﺗﺎﻓو 2001 .ةﺪﺤﺘﻤﻟا ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻌﻟا تارﺎﻣﻹا ﺔﻟود ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ (ﺔﯿﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا مﺎﻌﻟا ﺔﯿﺼﺨﺷ) هرﺎﯿﺘﺧا ﻢﺗ ،

٢ - ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ﮫﺘﯿﺼﺨﺷ

"" :يوﺪﻨﻟا ﻢﺷﺎھ ﺪﻤﺣأ ﻊﯿﻔﺷ ﻲﺑدﻷا خرﺆﻤﻟا ﮫﻨﻋ لﺎﻗ يﺬﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ نإ ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا مﻼﻋأ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻠﻋو ،ﺚﺣﺎﺑو ،خ ّرﺆﻣو ،ﺮﻋﺎﺷو ،ﺐﯾدأ

ا ﻦﻣ ﺪﺋارو ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ."ﻖﺛﻮﻤﻟا ﮫﺨﯾرﺎﺗ ﻦﯾوﺪﺗو ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا بدﻷا ﻮﻤﻨﻟ ﻢﮭﺑرﺎﺠﺗو ﻢﮭﻟﻮﻘﻋ ةرﺎﺼﻋ اﻮﻣﺪﻗ ﻦﯾﺬﻟا داوﺮﻟ

ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋﺄﺑ فوﺮﻌﻣ ﮫﻧأ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏﺮﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ

ﻘﺘﻟا ﺮﻌﺸﻟا ﻂﺧ ﻦﻋ جرﺎﺨﻟا ﺚﯾﺪﺤﻟا ﺮﻌﺸﻠﻟ ﻰﻟوﻷا جذﺎﻤﻨﻟا مﺪﻗ يﺬﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ﺮﯿﺸﯾو ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءاﺮﻌﺷ ﻢھأ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺣاو ﻊﻗاﻮﻟا ﻲﻓ ﮫﻧأ ﻻإ ،ﺔﯾﺮﺜﻨﻟا ﻰﻟإ ،يﺪﯿﻠ

ﺎﺼﺗا لوأ :ﻲﺗﻵا ﻮﺤﻨﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﮫﻌﻣ ﺖﯾﺮﺟأ ﻲﺘﻟا تﻼﺑﺎﻘﻤﻟا ىﺪﺣإ ﻲﻓ بدﻷﺎﺑ ﮫﻟ ل

2 (Cuneydî Muhammed, Habîb, 2014, pp.252).

3 https://www.pressreader.com/kuwait/arab-times/20170801/282570198186340(Online: 22.02.2020).

4 (en-Nedevî, 2011, pp.101).

5 (Sâlih, 1996, pp.101).

(4)

5 24 / RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies 2020.S7 (October) Khalid Saud Al-Zaid: The life, literary personality and the works / L. Yakupoğlu Boran (pp. 521-533)

Address

مﺎﻋ تﺪﻟو"

، ُﺖْﻋﺮﻋﺮﺗو ُتْﺄﺸﻧ ّﻮﺠﻟا اﺬھ ﻲﻓ ،هﺮﺼﻋ ﻦﻋ ﺮﺒﻋ ﺎًﻔّﻘﺜﻣ يﺪﻟاو نﺎﻛ .ةﺮﯿﺛﻷا تﺎﺒﺘﻜﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﱡﺪَﻌُﺗ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﺎﻨﺘﯿﺑ ﻲﻓو ،١٩٣٧

تأﺮﻗ ﺎﻤﻨﯿﺣ ﻰﻟوﻷا ﻲﺗﺎﯾاﺪﺑ ﺖﻧﺎﻛو ،ﮫﻨﻣ ﻞﮭﻧأ اﺮﺛ ﺎﻨﯿﻌﻣ يﺪﻟاو ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣ ﺖﻧﺎﻛو ﺎﻨﻛ ،ﻲﺗاﻮﺧأ ىﺪﺣإو ﺎﻧأ ،ﻲﺴﺒﻌﻟا ةﺮﺘﻨﻋ ﺔﻤﺤﻠﻣو ةﺮﯿﺳ

ﺔﻐﻟ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ تأﺮﻗ ﺪﻘﻟ ،ءﺎﯿﺷﻷا ﻦﻣ اﺮﯿﺜﻛ ﺔﯿﺒﻌﺸﻟا ةﺮﯿﺴﻟا ﻲﻨﺘﻤﻠﻋ ﺪﻗو ،ءﻮﻀﻟا ﺖﻓﺎﺧ جاﺮﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎھﺎﻨﯿﮭﻧأ ﻰﺘﺣ ﺎﯿﻠﯿﻟ ةﺮﯿﺴﻟا هﺬھ أﺮﻘﻧ ﯿﻣﺎﻋ ﺔﺠﮭﻟ ﻦﻣ ﮫﻌﻤﺳأ ﺖﻨﻛ ﺎﻣ قﻮﻔﺗ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﺔﻐﻟ ﺎﮭﻧأ ﻻإ ،ﻊﺠﺴﻟا اﺬھ ﺔﻛﺎﻛر ﻢﻏرو ﺎﮭﯿﻓ يﺬﻟا ﻊﺠﺴﻟا ﻢﻏر ،ﺔﻨﯿﺻر ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻋ ﺔﺠﮭﻟ ﻲﮭﻓ .ﺔ

تﺎﯿﺑﻷا هﺬﮭﻟ ﺬﻠﺗأ ﺖﻨﻛ ﺔﺳﺎﻤﺣ ﻦﻣ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ نﺎﻛ ﺎﻤﺑ ﺔﯿﺒﻌﺸﻟا ةﺮﯿﺴﻟا نأ ﺎﻤﻛ ...،ﺎﮭﺗارﺎﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺒﻏر ﻲﺗاذ ﻲﻓ ﺖﻘﻠﺧ ﺔﻌﯿﺠﺴﻟا ﺔﻐﻠﻟا هﺬھ ﺮﺗأ ﻰﻠﻋ جﺮﺧأو ﻆﻔﺣأ ﺎﻣ ﺔﯿﺒﻌﺸﻟا ﺮﯿﺴﻟا هﺬھ ﻦﻣ ﻆﻔﺣأ ﺖﻨﻛو .ﻢﻟﺎﺳ ﺮﯾﺰﻟا ﺔﻤﺤﻠﻣو ،ﺔﯿﺒﻌﺸﻟا ﺔﻤﺤﻠﻤﻟا هﺬھ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺛﻮﺜﺒﻤﻟا ﺔﯿﺳﺎﻤﺤﻟا ﻲﺑا

".ﻢﮭﺘﻋرﺎﺼﻤﻟو ﻢﮭﺘﺑرﺎﺤﻤﻟ ةﺮﺘﻨﻋ رﺎﻌﺷأ ﻦﻣ اﺬﺨﺘﻣ ﺖﻨﻛ ﻲﻧﺄﻛ ﻢﮭﺒﻋﻻأو عرﺎﺸﻟاو ةرﺎﺤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻲﺑﺎﺤﺻأو 6

ﺧو ،ﻲﻠھﺎﺠﻟا ﺮﻌﺸﻟا ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ هرﺎﻌﺷأ ﻲﻓ ﻲﻘﺑ ﮫﻧأ ﻰﻟإ ،ةﺮﺘﻨﻋ ناﻮﯾد تﺎﺤﻔﺻ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻰﻟوﻷا ﮫﺗﺪﯿﺼﻗ ﺐﺘﻛ ﮫﻧإ لﺎﻗ يﺬﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ رﺎﺷأو ﺔﺻﺎ

ت) ةﺮﺘﻨﻋ رﺎﻌﺷأ 614

ت) ﺔﻐﺑﺎﻨﻟا ،(

604 ت) ﺲﯿﻘﻟا ئﺮﻣاو ( 540

ﺔﺼﻘﻟ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ رﻮﺜﻌﻟا ﻦﻜﻤﯾ ﮫﻧأ ﻰﻟإ رﺎﺷأ ﺎﻤﻛ ،(

ﻢﻟﺎﺳ ﺮﯾﺰﻟا ﺺﺼﻗو

ﺔﻠﯿﻟ ﻒﻟأ

ﺔﻠﯿﻟو نﺄﺑ لﺎﻗو ،ﺔﯾﺮﺜﻨﻟا ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأ ﻲﻓ ﺎھأﺮﻗ ﺎﻤﻨﯿﺣ ﺎﮭﺑ ﺐﺠﻋأ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺦﯾرﺎﺘﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﻜﻟا

و ﺮﯿﺛﻷا ﻦﺑﻻ ﺔﯾﺎﮭﻨﻟاو ﺔﯾاﺪﺒﻟا

ت) ﺮﯿﺜﻛ ﻦﺑﻻ 630

بﺮﻌﻟا مﺎﯾأو (

ﯾو .ﮫﻨﻣ ﺔﺒﯾﺮﻘﻟا ﺐﺘﻜﻟا ﻲھ ت) ﻲﻧﻼﯿﻜﻟا ﺐﯿﺠﻧ لﺎﻤﻋأ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﮫﻧإ :لﻮﻘ

1995 ت) ﺮﯿﺒﺴﻜﺷ لﺎﻤﻋأ ﻊﺑﺎﺗو ،ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﻤﻟاو ﺔﻔﻟﺆﻤﻟا ( 1616

.ﺔﯿﻤﻟﺎﻌﻟا بادﻵا ﻦﻣ (

:ﻲﺗﻵا ﻮﺤﻨﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﮫﻟ ﺔﯾﺮﻌﺷ ﺔﺑﺮﺠﺗ لوأ ،ﺔﯾﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﮫﺘﺳارد تاﻮﻨﺳ لﻼﺧ ﺮﻌﺸﻟا ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻲﻓ ﮫﺘﺒھﻮﻣ تﺮﮭظ يﺬﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﻒﺼﯾ

ﻧﺎﺛ ﻰﻟوﻷا ﺔﻨﺴﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺖﻨﻛ (...)"

ﺔﻐﻠﻟا ﻢّﻠﻌﻣ ّﻦﻜﻟو .ﻲﻧﺎﺒﯿﺸﻟا ﺔﺛرﺎﺣ ﻦﺑ ﻰﻨﺜﻤﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺖﺒﺘﻛ ﻼﻌﻓو ﺎﯾﺮﺜﻧ ﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﺐﺘﻛأ نأ ﺖﻟوﺎﺣ ﺪﻗ ،يﻮ

ﻲﻨﻟﺄﺳ ﺪﻗو ...ﺔﻤﯾﺪﻘﻟا تﻼﺠﻤﻟاو ﻒﺤﺼﻟا ىﺪﺣإ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻟﺎﻘﻤﻟا ﺖﻗﺮﺳ ﺪﻗ ﻲّﻧأ ّﻦظ ﻞﺑ ،ﺮﺜﻨﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻲﺘﺒھﻮﻣ كرﺪﯾ ﻢﻟ ،ﺔﻨﺴﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺣأو ﺎﮭﺘﺒﺘﻛ ﻲﻨﻧإ :ﺖﻠﻗ !؟ﺔﻟﺎﻘﻤﻟا هﺬﮭﺑ ﺖﺌﺟ ﻦﯾأ ﻦﻣ .طﺎﺒﺣﻹا ﻦﻣ ءﻲﺸﺑ ﺖﺒﺻأ ﺔﻟﺎﻘﻤﻟا هﺬھ ﻲﻟ ﺮﺸﻨﯾ ﻢﻟ ﻦﯿﺣو ،ﺐﻠﻗ ﺮﮭظ ﻦﻋ ﺎﮭﻈﻔ

جﻮﻋا ﺎﻣ م ّﻮﻘﯾ نأ لوﺎﺣو ﻲﻧﺪﮭﻌﺗ يﺬﻟا ﻮھ ﺔﯾﺮﺼﻤﻟا ﺔﺜﻌﺒﻟا ﻦﻣ يوﺪﺑ ﻢﯿﻈﻌﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ مﻮﺣﺮﻤﻟا ذﺎﺘﺳﻷا كﺎﻨھ نﺎﻛو ...ﺮﻌﺸﻠﻟ ﺖﮭﺟﻮﺘﻓ ﺔﯾﻮﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﻲﻓ) ﺔﯿﺳرﺪﻤﻟا ﺔﻈﻘﯿﻟا ﺔﻠﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ت ْﺮِﺸُﻧو رﺎﻌﺷﻷا ﺾﻌﺑ ﺖﻤﻈﻧ ...يرﺎﻌﺷأ ﻦﻣ ،ﺦﯾﻮﺸﻟا ﺔﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ ﻰﻟإ ﺖﻠﻘﺘﻧا ﻢﺛ (ﺔﯿﻛرﺎﺒﻤﻟا

ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓو ـ بﻼﻄﻟا ﻦﯿﺑ ﺎﺘﯿﺻ ﻲﻟ ﺖﻋﺎﺷأو ﻲﻨﺘﻣﺪﺧ ةﺪﯿﺼﻗ لوأ نأ ﺮﻛذأو -

حﺪﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺎﮭﺘﻤﻈﻧ ...يﻮﺒﻨﻟا ﺪﻟﻮﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺎﮭﺘﻠﻗ ةﺪﯿﺼﻗ

".ﺔﯿﻠھﺎﺟ ﺎﮭظﺎﻔﻟأ ﺖﻧﺎﻛو .مﻼﺴﻟاو ةﻼﺼﻟا ﮫﯿﻠﻋ لﻮﺳﺮﻟا 7

:ﻮھ ةرﻮﻛﺬﻤﻟا ةﺪﯿﺼﻘﻟا ﻊﻠﻄﻣو

َأ ْﺪَﻗ َﺔﱠﻜَﻤِﺑ ٌرﻮُﻧ ﺎَﻗ َﺮْﺷَأ َو َءﺎَﺿ

ﻰَﻘﱡﺘﻟا َو َﺔَﯾاَﺪِﮭﻟا ِسﺎﱠﻨﻠِﻟ َنﺎَﺑَأ َو

ﺎَﮭﱠﻠُﻛ ِﺔَﯿِﻠِھﺎَﺠْﻟا َمﻮُﺳ ُر ﺎَﺤَﻣ َو ﺎَﻘَﻠْﻄُﻣ ِﺔﱠﯾ ِﺮَﺒﻟا ﻲِﻓ ًﻻْﺪَﻋ َنﺎَﺑَأ َو

ب ِﺮْﻌَﯾ َﺔَﻨْﺑا ﺎَﯾ ِﺖْﺒَﺠْﻧَأ ﺎَﻣ ﺎَﻗ ِﺮْﺸُﻣ ِةَدﺎَﻌﱠﺴﻟﺎِﺑ ﺎًﻤﯾ ِﺮَﻛ ًﺔَﻠ ِﺻ

َﻘَﺗ ِهِﺪِﻟ ْﻮَﻣ ِم ْﻮَﯿِﺒَﻓ ٌﺮَﺼْﯿَﻗ َﺮَﺻﺎ

ﻲَﻘَﺑ ﺎَﻣ َﻚُﺒْﺴَﺣ ُنﺎﱠﮭَﻜﻟا ِﺖَﻟﺎَﻗ ْذِإ

ﺎًﻨِﻠْﻌُﻣ ِﻢ ِﺟﺎَﻋ ْﻷا ُنا َﻮﯾِإ ﱠﺰَﺘْھا َو ﺎَﻘِّﻠﻟا ﻰَﻟِإ ِءﺎَﻘﱠﻠﻟا ﻰَﻟِإ ِءﺎَﮭِﺘْﻧِ ْﻻﺎِﺑ

8

) لوﻷا يﺮﻌﺸﻟا ﮫﻧاﻮﯾد ﻲﻓ ﻦﯿﻌﻤﺘﺴﻤﻟا بﺎﺠﻋإ ﺖﻟﺎﻧ ﻲﺘﻟا ةﺪﯿﺼﻘﻟا هﺬھ ﻊﻀﯾ ﻢﻟ ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻟا نأ ﺪﯿﺑ

؛(رﻮﺠﮭﻣ ﺪﺒﻌﻣ ﻲﻓ تاﻮﻠﺻ ﻦﻣ ﻒﻌﺿأ ﺎﮭﻧأ ىأر ﮫﻧﻷ

.ﺔﯿﻨﻔﻟا ﺔﯿﺣﺎﻨﻟا ﻦﻣ هﺮﻌﺷ ﺔﯿﻘﺑ 9

رﻮﺜﻋ نإ .ﻢﯾﺪﻘﻟا ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺮﻌﺸﻠﻟ اﺪﻠﻘﻣ ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﮫﻧﻷ ؛نﺎﻜﻣ يأ ﻲﻓ ﻰﻟوﻷا هﺪﺋﺎﺼﻗ ﺮﺸﻨﯾ ﻢﻟ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ نأ دﺎﻘﻨﻟا ىﺮﯾو

ﯾد ﻲﻓ دﺮﺗ ﻢﻟو ،ﻰﻟوﻷا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا ﺾﻌﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻟا ةﺎﻓو ﺪﻌﺑ داﺪﺤﻟا ﻒﺳﻮﯾ سﺎﺒﻋ .يأﺮﻟا اﺬھ ﻢﻋﺪﯾ ﮫﻧاﻮ

10

٣ - :هﺮﻌﺷ ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا" ﺎﻤھو ،هﺮﻌﺷ ﻲﻓ ﻦﯾﺪﺋﺎﺳ ﻦﯿﯿﺳﺎﺳأ ﻦﯿﮭﺟﻮﺗ ﺮﻛذ ﻦﻜﻤﯾ يأ ؛ﻦﯿﻤﺴﻗ ﻰﻟإ ىﻮﺘﺤﻤﻟا ﺚﯿﺣ ﻦﻣ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻗ ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ مﺎﻋ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻦﻜﻤﯾ

ﻋﺎﺸﻤﺑ ﺔﺑﻮﺘﻜﻣ ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻗ ﺐﻟﺎﻐﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻲھ ﻰﻟوﻷا تاﺮﺘﻔﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا نإ ."ﺔﯿﻓﻮﺼﻟا ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا"و "ﺔﯿﻣﻮﻘﻟا .ﺔﯿﻣﻮﻗ ﺮ

ﻦطﻮﻟا ﺐﺣ نأ وﺪﺒﯾ ﮫﻟ نﺎﻛ11

ﺖﺑﺎط) ةﺪﯿﺼﻗو .ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻠﻟ ﮫﻗﻮﺷ ﻦﻋ ثﺪﺤﺘﯾ نﺎﻛ ةﺮﯿﺼﻗ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﻮﻟو ،ﺎﻣ ﺐﺒﺴﻟ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا جرﺎﺧ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ نﺎﻛ ﻲﺘﻟا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا ﻲﻓ ﮫﻧأو ،هﺪﺋﺎﺼﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻤﮭﻣ ﺔﻧﺎﻜﻣ :ﮫﯿﻓ ﮫﯿﻧﺎﻔﺗو ﮫﻨطﻮﻟ ﮫﺒﺣ ﻦﻋ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ ثﺪﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا ىﺪﺣإ (ﻲﻨطو ﺎﯾ ﻚﺗﺎﻗوأ

ِﻟ َبﺎَط َو ُحﺎَﺒﱠﺼﻟا َبﺎَط ك ُؤﺎَﺴَﻣ اًﺪَﺑَأ ﻲ

ك ُؤاَﺪَﻓ ﺎَﻨُھ ُﻊﯿ ِﻤَﺠْﻟا َو َﻚُﺘْﯾَﺪَﻓ ﻲِﻨَط َو

6 (Atvân, 1996, pp.67-68).

7 (Atvân, 1996, pp. 69).

8 (el-Haddâd, 2012, pp.29).

9 (el-Haddâd, 2012, pp.30).

10

ءاﺪﻔﻟا ﺖﯾﻮﻛ ﺎﯾ ﻚﻨﻋ ﺎﻨّﻠﻛ" :ﺎھﺮﺸﻨﯾ ﻢﻟو ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﺪﻗ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا ءﺎﻤﺳأ

"

"،

ﻨﺑ ﻼﮭﻣ ﺚﻌﺒﻟا ﻲ

"

ﻲﺘﻘﯾﺪﺣ" ،

"

"ءاﺪﻔﻟا ﺖﯾﻮﻛ ﺎﯾ ﻚﻨﻋ ﺎﻨّﻠﻛ" ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ﻰﻘﻟأ . لﻼﻘﺘﺳﻻا ﻦﻣ مﺎﻋ روﺮﻣ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا نﻮﯾﺰﻔﻠﺗ ﺮﺒﻋ

) ١٩٦٢ ﺼﻘﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ىأر ﮫﻧﺄﺑ ةرﻮﻛﺬﻤﻟا ﺔﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟا هﺬھ داﺪﺤﻟا فﺮﻌﯾ ﻦﻜﻟ ،ﻻ مأ ﺎھﺮﺸﻧ نﺎﻛ نإ فﺮﻌﯾ ﻻو ةﺪﯿﺼﻘﻟا هﺬھ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻋ داﺪﺤﻟا ﻒﺳﻮﯾ سﺎﺒﻋو .(

ّﻂﺨﺑ ﺔطﻮﻄﺨﻣ ًﺔﻈﺣﻼﻣ ةﺪﯿ ةﺪﯿﺼﻘﻟا ﺎ ّﻣأ .ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ﺪﯾ

ﯿﻠﺤﻣ ﺔﻔﯿﺤﺻ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ نإ فﺮﻌﯾ ﻻو ،ﺎﮭﺨﯾرﺎﺗ ﻰﻟإ ﺪﺘﮭﯾ ﻢﻟو ﺎﮭﻤﺳا فﺮﻌﯾ ﻻ ﺔﻔﯿﺤﺻ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺻﺎﺼﻗ ﻦﻤﺿ ﺎﮭﯿﻠﻋ ﺮﺜﻋ داﺪﺤﻟﺎﻓ (ﺚﺒﻌﻟا ﻲﻨﺑ ﻼﮭﻣ) ﺔﯿﻧﺎﺜﻟا هﺬھ ّنأ ﺎھاﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺚﯿﺣ ﻦﻣ مﺰﺠﯾ ﮫّﻨﻜﻟو .ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻋ مأ ﺔ

(ﺎﯾرﻮﺳو ﺮﺼﻣ) ﻦﯾﺮﻄﻘﻟا ﻦﯿﺑ ةﺪﺣﻮﻟا لﺎﺼﻔﻧا بﺎﻘﻋأ ﻲﻓ تﺮﺸﻧ ةﺪﯿﺼﻘﻟا مﺎﻌﻟا ﻲﻓ يأ

ﻲﻓ فﺪﮭﻟا ﺔﻔﯿﺤﺻ ﻲﻓ تﺮﺸﻧ ﻲﮭﻓ "ﻲﺘﻘﯾﺪﺣ" ةﺪﯿﺼﻗ ﺎّﻣأ .ﺎھﺪﻌﺑ ﺎﻣو م١٩٦١ ١٩٦٦

دﺪﻌﻟا ﻲﻓ ٢٦٢ ﺔﻨﺴﻟا

) ﺔﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا نﺎﯿﺒﻟا ﺔﻠﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ هﺮﺸﻧ يﺬﻟا داﺪﺤﻟا ﻒﺳﻮﯾ لﺎﻘﻣ ﺔﯾﺎﮭﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺛﻼﺜﻟا ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا هﺬھ تﺮﺸﻧ .ﺔﺳدﺎﺴﻟا ٢٠١٢

:دﺪﻌﻟا ، ٥٠٧ ﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻠﻟ ﺔﯾﺮﻌﺸﻟا تﺎﯾاﺪﺒﻟا" ﻢﺳﺎﺑ ( ."ﺪﯾﺰ

.اﺬھ عﻮﺿﻮﻤﻟا ﺎﻤﮭﯿﻓ لوﺎﻨﺘﯾ ﻲﺘﻟا هﺪﺋﺎﺼﻗ ﻦﻣ "ﻲﻨطو ﺎﯾ ﻚﺗﺎﻗوأ ﺖﺑﺎط"و "ﺐﻠﻘﻟا ﻦطو ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا" ﺎﺗﺪﯿﺼﻗ 11

(5)

Address

ك ُؤاَد ِر ﻲِﻨُﻠُﻤْﺸَﯾ َم ْﻮَﯾ ﻲِﺋاَد ِر ﻲِﻨَط َو

ك ُؤﺎَﻀَﻗ اَﺬَھ ﻲِﻓ َو َﺔَﻤ ِظﺎَﻛ َﮫْﺟ َو ﺎَﯾ

كُؤا َﻮِﻟ ﺎَﮭِﻓ ِرﺎَﺸَﻣ ﻰَﻠَﻋ َءا َﻮﱠﻠﻟا َﻊَﻓ َر

ك ُؤﺎَﺟ َر َﻻ ْﻮَﻟ ﺎَھُؤﺎَﺟ ْرَأ ْت َر ِّﺮُﺣ ﺎَﻣ

ﺸﻟا مﺰﺘﻠﯾ ﻢﻟ ﺔﯿﻨﯿﻄﺴﻠﻔﻟا ﺔﯿﻀﻘﻟاو ﺞﯿﻠﺨﻟا بﺮﺤﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا هﺮﻋﺎﺸﻣو هرﺎﻜﻓأ ﻦﻋ ﺮّﺒﻋو ،ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟاو ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺳﺎﯿﺴﻟا ﺎﯾﺎﻀﻘﻟا لﺎﯿﺣ ﺖﻤﺼﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﻋﺎ

يﺬﻟا ﻢﻟﻷا ﻦﻋ (دﻮﺳﻷا ﺲﯿﻤﺨﻟا) ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ﮫﺗﺪﯿﺼﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺮّﺒﻋ .ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺎﯾرﻮﺳو ﺮﺼﻣو ﺮﺋاﺰﺠﻟاو ﻦﻤﯿﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺳﺎﯿﺴﻟا عﺎﺿوﻷاو ﮫﺑ ﺮﻌﺷ :ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻠﻟ قاﺮﻌﻟا وﺰﻏ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﯿﺸﺣﻮﻟا تﺎﻤﺠﮭﻟا ﺔﺠﯿﺘﻧ ءﺎﯾﺮﺑﻷا ءﺎﻣد ﺔﻗارإو خﻮﯿﺸﻟاو لﺎﻔطﻷاو ءﺎﺴﻨﻟا ﻞﺘﻗ ﺐﺒﺴﺑ

ًﻼِﺋﺎَﺳ ﺎــَﯾ ْﻦَﺘِﻔْﻟا ِّﺮَﺷ ْﻦِﻣ َﺖْﯿَﻗ َو- -

ْﻦَﺤِﻣ ْﻦِﻣ ِﺖْﯾ َﻮُﻜْﻟا ﻰَﻠَﻋ ى َﺮَﺟ ﺎﱠﻤَﻋ ِﮫﯿِﻓ ُﺖْﯾ َﻮـــــُﻜﻟا ْﺖــــَﺒﯿ ِﺻُأ ﺎـــَﻣ َو

ْﻟا ِﻦـــِﺋﺎَﺧ ْﻦِـــﻣ ِﮫــﯿِﻨَﺑ ْوَأ ِقا َﺮــــِﻌ

اﻮُﺣﺎــَﺑَأ ْﻢَﻛ َو ًﻼـْﻔ ِط اﻮــُﻠـﱠﺘَـﻗ ْﻢـــَﻛ

ْﺮِﻋ َو ،ﺎَﻧَءﺎــَﻣِد ــَﺿ

اﻮــُﺣﺎـَﺒَﺘْﺳِا ﺎَﻨ

ﺎَــﻣﺎـــَﺛﻵا اﻮــُﻓ َﺮـَﺘـْﻗا َو اﻮــــُﺒَﮭَﻨَـﻓ

ﻰـَﻣﺎَﺘَﯿْﻟا ﻲــــِﻓ َﷲ اﻮــُﻋا َﺮُﯾ ْﻢـــَﻟ َو

ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأ ﻲﻓ ىﺪﺒﺘﯾ ﻲﻓﻮﺼﻟا ﺮﻜﻔﻟا ﺮﺛأ نإ بﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺮﯿﺒﻜﻟا هﺮﺛﺄﺗ ﻰﻟإ رﺎﺷأ ﺎﻤﻛ .ﺔﯿﻓﻮﺼﻟا تﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﻤﻠﻟ ﮫﻣاﺪﺨﺘﺳا هﺎﺒﺘﻧﻼﻟ ﺖﻓﻼﻟا ﻦﻣو ،ﺔﯾﺮﻌﺸﻟاو ﺔﯾﺮﺜﻨﻟا

) يﺮﻔﻨﻟا مﺎﻣﻹا 354

ه ) ﮫﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻲﻓ ( (تﺎﺒطﺎﺨﻤﻟاو ﻒﻗاﻮﻤﻟا

) ﻲﻧاﺮﻌﺸﻟا بﺎھﻮﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ﺦﯿﺸﻟاو ، 973

) ﮫﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻲﻓ (ه (ﺔﯿﻓﻮﺼﻟا تﺎﻘﺒﻄﻟا

نآﺮﻘﻟا نﺄﺑ حﺮﺻو ،

ﺎﻧأ ﺪﺷﺮﻣو رﺪﺼﻣ ﻢھأ ﻢﯾﺮﻜﻟا ﮫﺑرد ر

:ﻮﺤﻨﻟا اﺬھ ﻰﻠﻋ هرﺎﻜﻓأ ﻦﻋ ﺮّﺒﻋ ﻲﻓﻮﺼﻟا ﺮﻜﻔﻟا ﻰﻟإ ﮫﺑ ﺖﻌﻓد ﻲﺘﻟا ﻊﻓاوﺪﻟاو ﻲﻓﻮﺼﻟا ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻞﺌُﺳ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋو .12

ّنأ اﺮﯿﺧأ تﺪﺟو ﻢﺛ ،ﺎﮭﻛردأ نأ ﺖﻟوﺎﺣو ﻻإ ﺔﻤﻗ ﻦﻋ ﻲﻟ ﻞﯿﻗ ﻻو ،ﮫﺘﻜﻠﺳو ﻻإ ﻖﯾﺮط ﻲﻟ ﻒﺻو ﺎﻣ ،ﺔﻘﯿﻘﺤﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺎﺜﺤﺑ تﺎﻗﺮﻄﻟا بﻮﺟأ ﺖﻨﻛ"

ﻹا تاذ ﻦﻋ ﺔﺟرﺎﺧ ﺖﺴﯿﻟ ﺔﻘﯿﻘﺤﻟا ﺎﮭﺗداز ةرﺎﺒﻋ اﻮﻓﺎﺿأو نﻮﯿﻓﻮﺼﻟا ءﺎﺟو ،ﻚﺴﻔﻧ فﺮﻋا :ﺎﻤﯾﺪﻗ ﺔﻔﺳﻼﻔﻟا لﺎﻗ ﻚﻟﺬﻟ .ﮫﻨﻣو ﮫﻟو ،ﮫﯿﻓ ﻲھ ،نﺎﺴﻧ

".ﻚّﺑر فﺮﻌﺗ ﻚﺴﻔﻧ فﺮﻋا :ﺎﺣﻮﺿو 13

ﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺪﺠﻧ ﺚﯿﺣ .ﻦﯿﻌﺒﺳ ﻦﺑاو ﻲﻟاﺰﻐﻟا ﺪﻣﺎﺣ ﻲﺑأو جﻼﺤﻠﻟ يﺪﯿﻠﻘﺘﻟا ﻲﻓﻮﺼﻟا ﻂﺨﻟا ﻦﻋ ةﺪﯿﻌﺑ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺨﻟ ﺔﯿﻓﻮﺼﻟا ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا نﺈﻓ ﻚﻟذ ﻊﻣو ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘ

ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا ﺪﻌﺗ قﺎﯿﺴﻟا اﺬھ ﻲﻓو .هﺮﺼﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺳﺎﯿﺴﻟا ثاﺪﺣﻷﺎﺑ هﺪﺋﺎﺼﻗ ﺮّﺛﺄﺗ ﻲھو ؛(ﺔﺷﺎﻌﻣ ﺔﻘﯿﻘﺣ) ﺔﯿﻓﻮﺼﻟا ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﻲﺘﻟا دﻮﻨﺠﻟا ﻦﻋ

.ﺎًﻌﻣ نآ ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺳﺎﯿﺳو ﺔﯿﻓﻮﺻ ﺎﮭﻧﻮﻛ ﺚﯿﺣ ﻦﻣ ،ةزرﺎﺒﻟا ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷا ﻦﻣ ﻰﻟوﻷا ﺞﯿﻠﺨﻟا بﺮﺣ لﻼﺧ اوﺪﮭﺸﺘﺳا ﻦﯾﺬﻟا ﻦﯿﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا

ﺼﻟا ﺔﻐﻠﻟا نإ .ﻲﻓﻮﺼﻟا هﺮﻌﺷ ﺲﺳأ ﻞﻜﺸﺗ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ،ﺔﯿﺣوﺮﻟا تاﺪﻘﺘﻌﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا تارﺎﺒﻌﻟاو ،ﻢﯾﺮﻜﻟا نآﺮﻘﻟا ﻲﻓ ةدﻮﺟﻮﻤﻟا ﻚﻠﺘﻟ ﺔﮭﺑﺎﺸﻤﻟا تارﻮﺼﺘﻟاو ﺔﯿﻓﻮ

رﺎﻧو رﻮﻧ ﮫﺳأر قﻮﻓ ،شﺮﻌﻟا ﺖﺤﺗ ﺪﺠﺴﺗ ،ﻖﻟﺎﺨﻟا ءﺎﯿﻠﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺶﯿﻌﺗ حور ﻮھ ﻞﺑ ،ﺪﺴﺟ دﺮﺠﻣ ﺲﯿﻟ هﺪﻨﻋ ﺪﯿﮭﺸﻟﺎﻓ .14

ِﮫِﺳْأ َر ﻲِﻓ َو ﻰَﻨْﻤُﯿﻟا ُﺪﱠﺳ َﻮَﺗ

رﺎَﻧ َو ٌرﻮُﻧ ِﺔَﻌ ْﻤﱠﺸﻟﺎَﻛ ِنﺎَﺒْﻘ ُﺛ

ﺎﻤﮭﻣو .ﺎﮭﯿﻓ ﺶﯿﻌﯾ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﺌﯿﺒﻟا ؛ﻲﺣوﺮﻟا ﮫﻤﻟﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ باﺮﺘﻏﻻاو ﺔﻟﺰﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﮫﺳﺎﺴﺣﻹ ﺔﺠﯿﺘﻧ ﺔﯿﻓﻮﺼﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ءﺎﻘﻟ ﻖﻘﺤﺗ ﺪﻗ نﻮﻜﯾ نأ ﻦﻜﻤﻤﻟا ﻦﻣو ﺖﻧﺎﻛ

ﺺﻠﺨﺘﯾ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﻻإ ﻲﻘﯿﻘﺤﻟا صﻼﺨﻟا ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻟا ﻖﻘﺤﯾ ﻦﻟ .ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟا اﺬھ ﻖﯿﻀﺑ ﺮﻌﺸﯾ نﺎﻛ ﮫﻧأ ﻻإ ﺔﻌﺴﺘﻣ ضرﻷا نﺎﻛ يﺬﻟا ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻟا نإ .ﻢﻟﺆﻤﻟا ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟا اﺬھ ﻦﻣ

ﺮﻏ) ةﺎﻤﺴﻤﻟا ﮫﺗﺪﯿﺼﻗ ﻲﻓ لﺎﺤﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ ﻦﻋ ﺮّﺒﻌﯾ ،فﻮﺼﺘﻟا ﻲﻓ نﺎﻣﻷاو ﺔﻨﯿﻧﺄﻤﻄﻟا ﺪﺟو نإ ﻰﻟإ كﻮﻜﺸﻟاو ﻖﻠﻘﻟاو ﺐﻋﺎﺘﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺺﻠﺨﺘﻠﻟ ﺎ ًﻤﺋاد ﻰﻌﺴﯾ (ﺐﯾ

:ﺔﯿﺗﻵا تﺎﯿﺑﻷا ﻲﻓ

ِﮫﯿِﻓ ُض ْرَﻷا ْﺖَﻗﺎَﺿ َكﺎَﻤ ْﺣ َر ِ ّب َر ُﻟﺎَﺒ ِﺟ ُﮫـــْﻌَﺴَﺗ ْﻢَﻟ

ُلﻮــُﮭﱡﺴﻟا َو ﺎَﮭ

ٌﻲــِﻔَﺣِ ء َﻼــــــَﺒْﻟا ﻰَﻠَﻋ ٌﻦـــﯿِﻌُﻣ َﻻ ُﻞـﯿِﻠَﺧ ٌﻖﯾِﺪـــَﺻ َﻻ َو ٌﻖﯿِﻓ َر َﻻ

ﻢــــْﺴ ِﺟ َﺮــْﯿَﻏ ِهِدﻮــُﺟ ُو ْﻦِﻣ ُﮫَﻟ ﺎـَﻣ ُلﻮــُﮭْﺠَﻤْﻟا ُهَﺪْﻌــــَﺑ ِﮫﯾ ِرا َﻮُﯿَﺳ

ًاﺪــﯿِﻌَﺑ ِءﺎـــَﻀَﻔْﻟا ﻰَﻟِإ ﻲ ِﻀْﻤَﯿـــَﺳ َو َﻤﱠﺑ ُر

ُلﻮُﻠُﺤْﻟا ِءﺎَﻀَﻔْﻟا ﻲِﻓ َنﺎَﻛ ﺎ

ٍﺐـــــﯾ ِﺮَﻏ ِّﻞــُﻛ ِﺐـــْﻠَﻘِﻟ ٌحﺎــَﺘِﻔْﻧا َو ُلﻮُﻠَط ُنﺎَﻣَ ْﻷا َو ُﺮْھﱠﺪﻟا ُﮫَﻣﺎَﺿ

12 (Atvân, 1996, pp.70).

13 (Sermînî,2008, pp.50).

14 (Sermînî,2008, pp.51).

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5 26 / RumeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies 2020.S7 (October) Khalid Saud Al-Zaid: The life, literary personality and the works / L. Yakupoğlu Boran (pp. 521-533)

Address

ﻰـــﱠﻨَﻤَﺗ ْﺪَﻗ ﺎَﻣ ِءﺎَﻤﱠﺴﻟا ﻲِﻓ ْﻦُﻜَﯿـــِﻟ َو ُلﻮـــُﻣْﺄَﻤْﻟا ُهُؤﺎــــَﺟ َر اَﺬَھ ﱠنِإ

15

ﻘﺤﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺚﺤﺒﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ﺔﻠﺣر تﺮﻤﺘﺳا ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻟا كردأ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ .ناﺰﺣﻷاو ﻢﻟﻷﺎﺑ ﺎًﺌﯿﻠﻣو ﺎًﺒﻌﺻ ﺎﮭﻘﯾﺮطو ﺔﻗﺎﺷ ﺔﻠﺣر ﮫﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﺖﻧﺎﻛو ،ﺔﻠﯾﻮط ةﺮﺘﻔﻟ ﺔﻘﯿ

ﻲﻓ لﻮﻘﯾو ،تﺎﻗﻮﻠﺨﻤﻟا ﻊﯿﻤﺟ ﻦﯿﺑو ﮫﻨﯿﺑ ةﺪﺣوو ﺔﻛاﺮﺷ كﺎﻨھ نأ كردأ ،ﻖﯾﺮﻄﻟا اﺬھ ﻰﻠﻋ ﮫﺘﻠﺣر لﻼﺧ ﺎﮭﺑ ﺐﯿﺻأ ﻲﺘﻟا ﮫﺣاﺮﺟو ﮫﻣﻻآ ﻲﺴﻧ ﺔﻘﯿﻘﺤﻟا .ءﺪﺑ ﻰﻟإ دﻮﻋ ﮫﺗﺪﯿﺼﻗ ُت ْﺮِﺳ َو

ِم َﻼ ْﺣَأ ِء َﻼْﺷَأ ى َﻮِﺳ ْﺮ ِﺼْﺑُأ ْﻢَﻟ َءﺎَﻤْﻠَظ ٍﺔَﺑﺎَﻐِﺑ

ﻲ ِﻣاﱠﺪُﻗ َو ،ﻲِﻨُﻋِّو َﺮُﺗ ٌحﺎَﺒْﺷَأ ِﻞْﯿﱠﻠﻟا ِﻂﯿِﻠَﺧ ْﻦِﻣ ﻲِﺋا َر َو

ﻲِﺗﺎَﺣا َﺮ ِﺟ ْﻦِﻣ ىَ ْﻸَﻣ ِﺲْﻣ ْﻷا ِنﻮُﺠُﺷ ْﻦِﻣ ٌنﻮُﺠُﺷ

ﻲ ِﻣاَﺪْﻗَأ َو ﻲِﺗﺎَﺣا َر ُء ْﻞِﻣ ٌءﺎَﻣ َو

ْﺰَﻣ ُﮫﯿِّﺘﻟا َو ﻰَﺳَ ْﻷا ِكا َﻮْﺷَ ِﻷ ﻲِﺗﺎَھآو ،ٌﺔَﻠَﺑ

ﻲِﺗﺎَھآ ، ُرﻮُﻌْﺴَﻤْﻟا ىَﺪَﻤْﻟا ﺎَﮭِﺑ ُﻖﯿ ِﻀُﯾ

ُﻞ ِﺼَﺗ ٍﺔَﻄْﻘُﻧ ْﻦِﻣ َﻻ َو

ُﻞَﺜَﻣ ىَد ِّﺮﻠِﻟ ﻲِّﻧَﺄَﻛ ي ِﺮَﻔَﺳ ﻰَﻨُﻣ ﺎَﯾ ﻲِﻨﯿِﻠ ِﺻ

ِﺪّﯾ ِّيَﺄِﺑ ٍﺪَﻏ ِّيَﺄِﺑ ﻲِﻨُﻠ ِﺻﻮُﯿَﻟ ﺎَﻣ ٍء ْﻲَﺸِﺑ ﻲِﺗ ْﻵﺎِﺑ َنو ُﺰ ْﺤَﻤْﻟا َﻲِﺴْﻣَأ ُﻂِﺑ ْﺮُﯾ َو

ﺎَھَﺪْﻌَﺑ ﻲِّﻠَﻌَﻟ ُﻞ ِﺻَأ

(...)

ﻲِﺗ ْﻵا َو َتﺎَﻓ ْﺪَﻗ يِﺬِّﻟا ُﺖْﻛ َرْدَأ َو

،ﻲِﻧوﱡﺪُﺤَﯾ َنﺎَﻛ ْﺪَﻗ يِﺬِّﻟا ي ِرْدَأ ْﻦُﻛَأ ْﻢَﻟ َو ُﺖْﻓ َﺮَﻋ ﻲِﻧوُﺬْﻐَﯾ َو ﻲِﻨُﻤِّﻠَﻌُﯾ

ُﺲ ْﻤَﺷ ُﮫﱠﻧَﺄَﻛ ُءﻲ ِﻀُﯾ ُﺮَﻤَﻗ ُﮫﱠﻧِإ ا ًر ْﻮَط َو َﻼُﯾ ﻲِﺗاَذ ﻲِﻓ ُﮫْﻨ ِﻣ ٌعﺎَﻌُﺷ ﻲِﻧ ُﺮِﮭْﺒُﯾ َو ﻲِﻨُﺴ ِﻣ

ُرَﺪَﻘْﻟا ُﮫﱠﻧَأ ُﺐِﺴ ْﺣَﺄَﻓ ﻲِﻧوُﺬْﻐَﯾ َو ﻲِﻨُﻤِّﻠَﻌُﯾ ﻲِﻧ ُﺮُﻤْﻐَﯾ َءْﻲَﺷ َﻻ ى َﻮِﺳ ﺎًﺌْﯿَﺷ ى َرَأ َﻻ ْﻦِﻜَﻟ َو

ﻲِﺗا َوﺎَﻤَﺳ ﻰَﻟِإ ُتْﺪُﻋ َو 16

ﻦﻣ ﺖﻠﮭﻧ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا هﺬھ نإو ،ﺦﺳار ﻲﻓﺎﻘﺛ ﻢﻛاﺮﺗ جﺎﺘﻧ ﻲھ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻗ نإ ﻲﻄﺸﻟا نﺎﻤﯿﻠﺳ رﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟا ﺪﻗﺎﻨﻟا لﻮﻘﯾ ،ﺔﻘﯿﻤﻌﻟاو ﺔﯿﻘﻨﻟا ﺎﮭﻌﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻰﻔﺻأ

ﺎﻨﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﻦّﯾﺰُﻣ هﺮﻌﺷ ّنأ ﺎﻤﻛ ،يﺪﯿﻠﻘﺘﻟا ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺮﻌﺸﻟا ﻢﺣر ﻦﻣ ﺪﻟو اﺪﯾﺮﻓ ﺎﺗﻮﺻ ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻠﻟ نﺈﻓ ﻲﻄﺸﻠﻟ ﺎﻘﻓوو .ﺔﻐﻠﻟا لﺎﻜﺷأ ﻰﻔﺻﺄﺑ ﺎﻨﺒطﺎﺧ ﮫﻧأو ﺮﺻ

ﺔﯿﻨﯾﺪﻟا .17

.ﻒﺜﻜﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻲﻓﻮﺼﻟاو ﻲﺣوﺮﻟاو ﻲﻧﺎﺴﻧﻹا ﺐﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا تﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻤﻟا لوﺎﻨﺗ ﮫﻧأ هرﺎﻌﺷأ ﻲﻓ وﺪﺒﯾو ﻲﺘﻟا ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻘﻟا ﻦﻣ (ﻦﯾﺰﺤﻟا ﺐﺤﻟا) ةﺪﯿﺼﻗو

:ﺔﻌﻤﺘﺠﻣ ﺔﺛﻼﺜﻟا تﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻤﻟا هﺬھ ﺖﻟوﺎﻨﺗ

ﻲِﻧﺎَﺤْﻟا ِﻚﱠﻔَﻛ ﻲِﺗﺎَھ َيا َﻮْﺠَﻧ ﺎَﯿَﻓ

ﻲِﻧﺎ ِﺤْﻟَأ ِتﺎَھآ يِﺬُﺧ ،ﻲِﻌ ْﻣَد يِﺬُﺧ

ﺎَھﺎَﺴْﻧَأ ُﺖْﺴَﻟ ﻲِّﻧِﺈَﻓ

ﺎَھﺎَﻨ ْﺠَﺴَﻧ ﺎًﺼﯿ ِﺻﺎَﻗَأ

15 (Îsâ,1989, pp.92-93).

16 https://www.almoajam.org/lists/inner/2312 (Online: 22.02.2020).

17 (eş-Şattî, 2004, pp.20-30).

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Address

ِﻦَﺤ ِﻤْﻟا ُﺔَﻌ ْﻣَد ْتَءﺎَﺠَﻓ

ﻟا ِﺪَﯾ ﻲِﻓ ﻰَﻘْﺒَﺘِﻟ ِﻦَﻣ ﱠﺰ

ﺎَﻨﯿِﻧﺎَﻏَأ ْﻦَﻋ ُﺮِّﺒَﻌُﺗ

ﺎَﻨﯿِﺳﺂَﻣ ْﻦَﻋ ُثِّﺪَﺤُﺗ

ﺎَﻨَﺗ َﻮْﺧِإ ﺎَﮭِﺑ ﱠنَأ َو

ﺎَﻨِﺗَﺪ ْﺣ َو َﺰ ْﻣ َر ﻰَﻘْﺒَﺘَﺳ

ﺎَﻨﯾ ِّﺰَﻌُﯾ ﺎَﮭِﺑ َكاَذ َو

18

:ﻲﺗﻵا ﻮﺤﻨﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﻲﻓ ﮫﯾأر ﻦﻋ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﻦﻤﺣﺮﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ﻢﯿھاﺮﺑإ رﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟا يﺮﺼﻤﻟا ﺪﻗﺎﻨﻟا ﺮّﺒﻋ "

ﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ةﺮﮭﺷ ّنإ ﻦﻣ ﻊﺳوأ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا د

ّﺪﻌﺗ ،ﮫﺋاﺮﻌﺷ ﺦﯾرﺎﺗو ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا بدأ ﻲﻓ تﺎﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﺾﻌﺑ ﮫﻟ ّنأ ﻚﻟذ ﺔﯾآو ،ًاﺮﻋﺎﺷ نﻮﻜﯾ نأ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻒّﻟﺆﻣ ﮫﻧإ ،ﺮﻌﺸﻟا لﻮﻗ ﻲﻓ ﮫﺗﺮﮭﺷ -

ةدوﺪﺤﻤﻟا ﺔﯿﻤﻠﻌﻟا ﺎﮭﺘﻤﯿﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏر ﻰﻠﻋ -

ﺗ ﻲﻓ بﺎﺘﻛ ﮫﻟو ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟا ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ ﻲﻓ ﻒﯿﻟﺄﺘﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺐﻧﺎﺠﻟا اﺬھ ﻲﻓ ةﺪﺋار ﺔﻤﯾﺪﻘﻟا ﺎﮭﺻﻮﺼﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﮫﺘﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ّلﺪﯾ (ﺔﯿﻣﺎﻌﻟا لﺎﺜﻣﻷا) ﺮﯿﺴﻔ

".

19

٤ - هﺮﺜﻧ رﺎﻗ ﻢﯿﻠﻌﺗ ﻰﻟإ ﮫﻟﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ فﺪﮭﯾ ﻲﻤﯿﻠﻌﺗ بﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺐﺘﻜﯾ ﻮﮭﻓ ،ﺲﻠﺳو ﺢﺿاو ﮫﺑﻮﻠﺳأ نأ ﺎﻨﻟ ﻦﯿﺒﺘﯾ ﺔﯾﺮﺜﻨﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ لﺎﻤﻋأ ﻰﻟإ ﺎﻧﺮﻈﻧ اذإ ﺎًﺒﻟﺎﻐﻓ ،ﮫﺋ

ﻟإ ﮫﻠﻘﻧ ﻰﻟإ فﺪﮭﯾ ﺎﻣ راﺮﻜﺗ ﻰﻟإ جﺎﺘﺤﯾ نﺎﻛ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻟإ ﮫّﻧإ :دﺎﻘﻨﻟا لﻮﻘﯾ ﺎﻤﻛو .نﺎھذﻷا ﻲﻓ ﮫﺨﯿﺳﺮﺗو ،ﮫﺘﯿﻤھأ ئرﺎﻘﻟا ﮫﻤﯿﮭﻔﺗو ،ﮫﯿﻠﻋ ﺪﯿﻛﺄﺘﻟا ﻞﺟأ ﻦﻣ ئرﺎﻘﻟا ﻰ

ود تﺎﻘﺒﻄﻟا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﻰﻟإ نﻮﻤﺘﻨﯾ ﻦﯾﺬﻟا سﺎﻨﻠﻟ مﻮﮭﻔﻣو ﺲﻠﺳ بﻮﻠﺳﺄﺑ ﺐﺘﻜﯾ نﺎﻛ ،ﺔﯾﺎﻐﻠﻟ ﺪﯿﺟ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﺔﻐﻠﻟا ماﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﻦﻣ ﮫﻨﻜﻤﺗو ﮫﺑﻮﻠﺳأ ﺔﺣﺎﺼﻓ ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ن

اﺮﻘﺑ ﺎﻣﺎﻤﺘھا ﺮﮭﻈﯾ نﺎﻛو ،فﺎﻔﺳإ هﺪﯾﺮﻤﺑ ﺦﯿﺸﻟاو ﮫﺑﻼﻄﺑ ﻢﻠﻌﻤﻟا مﺎﻤﺘھﺎﻛ ﮫﺋ

.20

ﺎﺸﻤﻟا ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺦﯾرﺎﺘﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا ﺐﺘﻜﻟاو ،ﺔﯿﺑدﻷاو ﺔﯿﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟا ﺎﯾﺎﻀﻘﻟا ﺎﮭﺑ لوﺎﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأ ﻊﯿﻤﺟ ﻲﻓ مﺪﺨﺘﺳا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ نأ ﻆﺣﻼُﯾ َﻖﯿﺛﻮﺘﻟاو َةﺪھ

ﻲﺠﮭﻨﻣ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺘﻟاو ﮫﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻲﻓ ﺔﺻﺎﺧو .21

ﻦﯿﻧﺮﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءﺎﺑدأ )

3 ﻜﻟاو ،(تاﺪﻠﺠﻣ :ﻲھو ،ﺎﮭﺑﺎﺘﻛو ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءاﺮﻌﺷ ﻦﻋ ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺐﺘ

جﺮﻔﻟا ﺪﻟﺎﺧ

هرﺎﺛآو ﮫﺗﺎﯿﺣ ،

(ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗو ﻢﯾﺪﻘﺗ) جﺮﻔﻟا ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ناﻮﯾد ،هرﺎﻌﺷأو ﮫﺗﺎﯿﺣ يﺮﯾوﺪﻟا ﺪﮭﻓ ﻦﯿﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻦﯿﯿﺻﺎﺼﻘﻟا ﺦﯿﺷو ،

ﮫﺗﺎﯿﺣ ﻦﯿﺴﺣ ﻼﻣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻟا

هﺮﻌﺷو .ةرﻮﻛﺬﻤﻟا ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﯿﻤھأ ﻰﻄﻋأ ﺎﯿﻤﯾدﺎﻛأ ﻦﻜﯾ ﻢﻟ ﮫﻧأ ﻢﻏر ﻚﻠﺗ ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأ ﻲﻓ .

ﻲﻓ ﺎھﺮﺸﻧ ﻲﺘﻟا تﻻﺎﻘﻤﻟا ﺮﻛﺬﻧ نأ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﯾﺮﺜﻨﻟا ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأ رﺎطإ ﻲﻓ ا ًﺮﯿﺧأو نﺎﯿﺒﻟا

ﺔﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا و ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺔﻠﺠﻣ .

ﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺑ ةﺮﯿﺒﻛ ﺔﯿﻤھأ ﺎﮭﻟ ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ حﺮﺴﻤﻟاو ﺚﯾﺪﺤﻟا ﺮﻌﺸﻟا ر ّﻮﻄﺗ ﺔﺻﺎﺧو ،مﺎﻋ ﻞﻜﺸﺑ ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا بدﻷا ﺎﮭﯿﻓ لوﺎﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا تﻻﺎﻘﻤﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ نإ ﻦﯿﯿﻤﯾدﺎﻛﻸ

ﻠﻣﺎﻌﻟا ﻦﯿﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟاو ﻞﺜﻣ ﻦﻣ ﻦﯿﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءاﺮﻌﺸﻟا ﺮﻌﺷ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗو ﻦﯿﻣﺎﻀﻣ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ لوﺎﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا تﻻﺎﻘﻣ نﺈﻓ ﻚﻟذ ﻰﻟإ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ .مﻮﯿﻟا ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا بدﻷا ﻲﻓ ﻦﯿ

ﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ يﻮﺘﺤﺗ ،ﻢھﺮﯿﻏو ،نﺎﻨﺳ ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋو ،فﺎﻘﺴﻟا ﺪﻤﺣأو ،ﻒﻠﺧ ﻞﺿﺎﻓو ،جﺮﻔﻟا ﺪﻟﺎﺧو ،ﻲﺘﺒﺴﻟا ﻲﻠﻋو ،ﺐﯿﺒﺸﻟا ﺮﻘﺻو ،ﻲﺋﺎﺒﻄﺒﻄﻟا ﻞﯿﻠﺠﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ تﺎ

ﻐﻠﻟ ﺔﻤﮭﻣ ﺔﻠﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ تﻻﺎﻘﻣ ﺔﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻚﻟذ ﺐﻧﺎﺟ ﻰﻟإو .ﺚﯾﺪﺤﻟاو يﺪﯿﻠﻘﺘﻟا ﺮﻌﺸﻟا ﺔﻌﯿﺒط ﺚﯿﺣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﯾﺎ ﺔﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا نﺎﯿﺒﻟا

ﺲﺒﺘﻘﻤﻟا) ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ

ﺤﻨﻟا ﺎﯾﺎﻀﻘﻟاو ﺔﻐﻠﻟاو بدﻷا ﺎﯾﺎﻀﻗ ﻦﻋ ﺐﺘﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ هأﺮﻗ ﺎﻤﻣ ﺎﻤﮭﻣ هآر ﺎﻣ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ ﺲﺒﺘﻗا ،ﺔﻟﺎﻘﻣ نوﺮﺸﻋو ىﺪﺣإ ﺎھدﺪﻋ ،(بدﻷا ﻮﺤﻨﻟاو ﺔﻐﻠﻟا ﻲﻓ .ﺔﯾﻮ

٥ - ﮫﺗﺎﻔﻟﺆﻣ

ﺔﯿﻣﺎﻌﻟا لﺎﺜﻣﻷا ﻦﻣ (ا مﺎﻋ ﺮﺸﻧ يﺬﻟا ﻞﻤﻌﻟا اﺬھ :

1961 ؛ﺎًﻀﯾأ ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا بدﻷا ﺔﯿﺣﺎﻧ ﻦﻣو ﺔﻣدﺎﻘﻟا لﺎﯿﺟﻷا ﻰﻟإ ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺐﻌﺸﻟا ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺛ ﻞﻘﻧ ﺔﯿﺣﺎﻧ ﻦﻣ ﻢﮭﻣ

ﺗو ،ﮫﺗﺎﯿﺣ ﻂﻤﻧو ،ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟا ﻰﻟإ ﮫﺗﺮﻈﻧو ،ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺐﻌﺸﻟا ﺔﯾﻮھ ﺲﻜﻌﺗ ،ﻦﺴﻟﻷا ﺎﮭﻟواﺪﺘﺗ لﺎﺜﻣأ ﻰﻠﻋ يﻮﺘﺤﯾ بﺎﺘﻜﻟا اﺬھ نﻷ هﺬھ نإ .ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻟا برﺎﺠﺗ ﻞﻘﻨ

ﯾ بﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ .ﺪﯾﺰﻠﻟ ﻞﻤﻋ لوأ ﻲھو ،ﺔﯿﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﺠﮭﻠﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﺑﻮﺘﻜﻣ ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻊﻤﺘﺠﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻛﺮﺘﺸﻤﻟا ةﺮﻛاﺬﻠﻟ جﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﮭﻧﺄﺑ ﺎﮭﻔﯾﺮﻌﺗ ﻦﻜﻤﯾ ﻲﺘﻟا لﺎﺜﻣﻷا ﻒﻟﺆﻤﻟا حﺮﺸ

ﺎﺜﻣأ ذﺎﻘﻧإ بﻮﺟﻮﺑ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا هﺬھ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا رﺮﺒﯾ .ﮫﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﮭﺟردأ ﻲﺘﻟا لﺎﺜﻣﻷا ﻲﻧﺎﻌﻣ ﺎًﻀﯾأ ﻦﻜﻤﻣ اﺬھو ،نﺎﯿﺴﻨﻟاو ءﺎﻔﺘﺧﻻا ﻦﻣ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ل

مﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺒﺴﻟا اﺬﮭﻟ .ﺎﮭﻨﯾوﺪﺗو ﺎﮭﻌﻤﺟ ﻢﺗ اذإ ﻂﻘﻓ 1958

دﺪﻋ تﺎﻧوﺪﻣ ﻦﻣو ،ﻦﯿﯿﺋاوﺮﻟاو سﺎﻨﻟا ﺔﻨﺴﻟأ ﻦﻣ لﺎﺜﻣﻷا ﻦﻣ ﮫﻌﻤﺳ ﺎﻣ ﻊﻤﺟ ﻲﻓ ﮫﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ عﺮﺷ

ﺪﺨﺘﺴﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا تﻻﺎﺤﻟا ﻰﻟإ رﺎﺷأ اﺬھ ﮫﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓ .ﻲﺑدﻷا ثاﺮﺘﻟا اﺬھ ﺖﻟوﺎﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا بﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻞﯿﻠﻗ ﺎﮭﺣﺮﺷ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﻲﻓ لﺎﺜﻣﻷا ﻚﻠﺗ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ م

.22

ﻌﻟا ﺬﻨﻣ ،ﻰﺤﺼﻔﻟا ﺔﻐﻠﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺎًﻓاﺮﺤﻧا ﺎھرﺎﺒﺘﻋا ﻦﻜﻤﯾ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻌﻟا لﺎﺜﻣﻷا ﺎﮭﺑ تﺮﻣ ﻲﺘﻟا ﻞﺣاﺮﻤﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ ثﺪﺤﺗ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻤﺑ ﮫﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا أﺪﺑ ﻲﻠھﺎﺠﻟا ﺮﺼ

ﻢﻀﯾ بﺎﺘﻜﻟا اﺬھ نإ .تﺎﺠﮭﻠﻟا ﮫﯿﻓ ﺖﻋﺎﺷ يﺬﻟا ﺮﺼﻌﻟا ﻰﻟإ 812

ﺎًﯾﺪﺠﺑأ ﺎًﺒﯿﺗﺮﺗ ﺔﺒّﺗﺮﻣ ًﻼﺜﻣ لﺎﺜﻣﻷا ﻰﻠﻋ ﮫﻘﯿﻠﻌﺗ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﺮﯿﺸﯾ نﺎﻛ ﻚﻟذ ﻰﻟإ ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺎﺑ ،

.ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﻢﻟﺎﻌﻟا ﻲﻓو ،ﺮﻌﺸﻟا ﻦﯾواودو ،ﻒﯾﺮﺸﻟا ﺚﯾﺪﺤﻟاو ،ﻢﯾﺮﻜﻟا نآﺮﻘﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺎﮭﻟ نﺎﻛ ﺎﻣ اذإ ﻰﻟإ ﺎﮭﺣﺮﺷو ﺔﯿﻣﺎﻌﻟا

18 (ez-Zeyd, 1966, pp.79).

19 (Muhammed, Egypt, pp.225).

20 (Hızr, 2004, pp.80).

21 (Hızr, 2004, pp.80).

22 (er-Rumeydî, 2012, pp. 54).

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5 28 / R umeliDE Journal of Language and Literature Studies 2020.S7 (October) Khalid Saud Al-Zaid: The life, literary personality and the works / L. Yakupoğlu Boran (pp. 521-533)

Address

ﻠﻋ بﺎﺘﻜﻟا ءاﻮﺘﺣا مﺪﻋو ،لﺎﺜﻣﻷا ﻚﻠﺗ ردﺎﺼﻣ ﺮﻛذ مﺪﻋ ﻮھ ﻒﻠﺧ ﻞﺿﺎﻓ ﻦﻣ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا هﺬﮭﻟ ﮫﮭﺟو يﺬﻟا دﺎﻘﺘﻧﻻا .سﺮﮭﻓ ﻰ

23

:ﻦﯿﻧﺮﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ءﺎﺑدأ (ب ﻦﯿﺑ تﺮﺸﻧ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا هﺬھ

1967 - 1982 ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻤﺑ بﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ لوﻷا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا أﺪﺒﯾ .تاﺪﻠﺠﻣ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﻦﻣ نﻮﻜﺘﺗ ،

ﺮﻔﻟا ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋ ،ﻲﻧﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟا ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ،ﻲﺋﺎﺒﻄﺒﻄﻟا ﻞﯿﻠﺠﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻜﻟ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ مﺪﻗ ﺎھﺪﻌﺑ ."ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﯾﺮﻜﻔﻟا ﺔﻛﺮﺤﻟا ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ"

ﻒﻠﺧ ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋ ،ج

ﻟا ﺪﺷار ،جﺮﻔﻟا ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ،ﺐﯿﺒﺸﻟا ﺮﻘﺻ ،ﻲﻋﺎﻓﺮﻟا ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺪﯿﺳ ،يرﺎﺸﻤﻟا ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﺪﻤﺣأ ،ﺪﯿﺷﺮﻟا ﺰﯾﺰﻌﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ،ﻰﺴﯿﻋ ﻦﺑ ﻒﺳﻮﯾ ،ﻦﯾﺪﺑﺎﻌﻟا ﻦﯾز ،نﺎﯿﺣﺪﻟا ،ﻒﯿﺴ

و ،ﻲﻧﺎﺳﺪﻌﻟا نﺎﻤﯿﻠﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧو ،ﻒﺼﻨﻟا ﻒﯿﻄﻠﻟا ﺪﺒﻋو يرﻮﻨﻟا ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋو ،ﻢﺳﺎﺟ ﻦﺑ ﻲﺠﺣ ،ﻊﻧﺎﺼﻟا ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋ ،ﻲﺑﻮﯾﻷا ﻲﻗﻮﺷ دﻮﻤﺤﻣ دووادو ﺮﺸﺒﻟا ﺪﻤﺣأ

ا نإ .ﮫﺘﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﺔﯾﺎﮭﻧ ﻲﻓ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻟا وأ ﺮﻋﺎﺸﻠﻟ ةرﻮﺻ ﻊﺿو ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ﻞﻤﮭﯾ ﻢﻟو .ﻢﮭﻟﺎﻤﻋأ ﻦﻣ جذﺎﻤﻧ مّﺪﻗو ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ﻢﮭﺗﺎﯿﺼﺨﺷ ﻰﻟإ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ رﺎﺷأ .حاﺮﺠﻟا ﺔﻤﺴﻟ

ا ﺮﯾﻮﻄﺗ ﻲﻓ ٌدﻮﮭﺟ ﮫﻟ ٌﺪﺋار ﻢﮭﻨﻣ ﺪﺣاو ﻞﻛ نأ ﻲھ بﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ لوﻷا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺎھدروأ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﯿﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﻚﻠﺗ ﻦﯿﺑ ﺔﻛﺮﺘﺸﻤﻟا .ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟاو بدﻷ

.ﮫﻟ ﺎًﺳﺮﮭﻓ ﻊﻨﺻ ﻚﻟﺬﻛو ،ﺎﮭﻨﻣ دﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﺘﻟا ردﺎﺼﻤﻟا لوﻷا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا ﺔﯾﺎﮭﻧ ﻲﻓ ﻒﻟﺆﻤﻟا ﺮﻛذو ﯿﺑدﻷا تﻼﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ةرﻮﺸﻨﻤﻟا تﺎﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟاو تﻻﺎﻘﻤﻟا ﻢﻀﯾ "لوﻷا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا ﻦﻋ ﻞﯿﻗ ﺎﻣ" ناﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ بﺎﺘﻛ ﻦﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا أﺪﺒﯾو ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻤﻟا ﺔ

ﻞﻛ ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﻲﺘﻟا ،نﺎﯿﻗﻮﻟا ﺔﻔﯿﻠﺧو ،ﻞﯿﻋﺎﻤﺳإ ﺪﮭﻓ ﻞﯿﻋﺎﻤﺳإو ،يواﺪﻨﮭﻟا ﻞﯿﻠﺧو ،ﺮﻄﻣ ﻮﺑأ ﺔﯿﻄﻋ ﺪﻤﺣأو ،يرﺎﺴﻤﻟا ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺪﻤﺤﻣو ،يرﻮﻋﺎﻨﻟا ﻰﺴﯿﻋ :ﻦﻣ

ﻟا نﺎﻤﯿﻠﺳ ﻢﯿھاﺮﺑإ ،ﺮﻜﺴﻌﻟا ﺢﻟﺎﺻ ﺪﮭﻓ ،ﺐﯿﺒﺤﻟا ﺪﻤﺣ ،ﺮﻄﻣ ﻰﺴﯿﻋ :ﻦﻣ ﻞﻜﻟ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ مّﺪﻗ ﺎھﺪﻌﺑ .بﺎﺘﻜﻟا لﻮﺣ ﻢھرﺎﻜﻓأو ﻢﮭﺋارآ ﻦﻋ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ اوﺮّﺒﻋو ،حاﺮﺠ

ﺣ ﻼﻣ ﺪﻤﺤﻣ ﺮﺼﻨﻟا ﻰﺴﯿﻋ ﻢﺳﺎﺟ ،ﻦﯿﺴﺣ ﺰﯾﺰﻌﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ،ﺮﯿﺼﺒﻟا قازﺮﻟا ﺪﺒﻋ ،ﺮﻤﻋ ﺪﯿﺴﻟا ﺪﻤﺣأ ،فﺎﻘﺴﻟا ﺪﻤﺣأ ،نﺎﻨﺳ ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋ ،ﻢﺗﺎﺤﻟا ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋ ،ﻦﯿﺴ

ﺐﯾدأ ﻞﻜﻟ ﺔﯿﺑدﻷا ﺔﯿﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﺎﮭﯿﻓ لوﺎﻨﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﻤﺟﺮﺘﻟا هﺬھ ﻦّﻤﻀﺘﺗ ،ﻲﻧاوﺪﻌﻟا ﺪﻤﺣأو ،نﺎﻋﻮﺠﻟا ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋ ،يرﺎﺼﻧﻷا ﺎﯾﺮﻛز ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋ ،ﷲ تارﺎﺘﺨﻣ

ﻦﻣ

.بﺎﺘﻜﻠﻟ ﺎًﺳﺮﮭﻓ ﺖﺒﺛأو ،ﺎﮭﻨﻣ دﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﺘﻟا ردﺎﺼﻤﻟا ءﺎﻤﺳأ ﺮﻛﺬﺑ ءﺰﺠﻟا اﺬھ ﻰﮭﻧأ لوﻷا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻞﻌﻓ ﺎﻤﻛو .ﺔﯾﺮﺜﻨﻟا ﮫﻟﺎﻤﻋأو هﺮﻌﺷ

ﻟاو ءﺎﺑدﻷا ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟاو تﻻﺎﻘﻤﻟا ﺾﻌﺑ ضﺮﻌﺑ مﺎﻗ ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ ﻞﻌﻓ ﺎﻤﻛ ،بﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻰﻟوﻷا تﺎﺤﻔﺼﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺑو دﺎﻘﻨ

اﻮﻨّﯿ

ﺴﻤﻟا صﻮﺼﻨﻟاو تﻻﺎﻘﻤﻟا ﺎﮭﯿﻟإ فﺎﺿأو ﺐﯿﺟﺮﻟا ﻰﺴﯿﻋ ﺪﻤﺤﻟ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺘﺑ ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا اﺬھ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا أﺪﺑ ،بﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﻦﻣ ﻲﻧﺎﺜﻟا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا ﻢھءارآ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ ﻲﺘﻟا ﺔﯿﺣﺮ

،ﻦﯿﺴﺣ ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋو ،ﻲﻠﺑﺮﻐﻟا ﺰﯾﺰﻌﻟا ﺪﺒﻋو ،ﻦﯿﺴﺣ ﷲ ﺪﺒﻋو ،نازﻮﻔﻟا ﺪﻤﺤﻣ :ﻦﻣ ﻞﻜﻟ ﻲﻟاﻮﺘﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ مّﺪﻗ ﻢﺛ .ﺐﯿﺟﺮﻟا ﺎﮭﺒﺘﻛ ﺪﺒﻋو ،ﻒﻠﺧ ﻞﺿﺎﻓو

ﺰﯾﺰﻌﻟا ﺪﺒﻋو ،ﻲﻣﺎﻄﻘﻟا ﻢﺳﺎﺟو ،ﻲﻧاوﺪﻌﻟا قازﺮﻟا يوﺎﻋﺮﺼﻟا

مﺎﻗ ﺎﻤﻛ ،بدﻷا ﻲﻓ ﻢﮭﺗﺎﻤھﺎﺴﻣ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ ﺮﻛذ .ﻲﻤﺸﻨﻟا ﺪﻤﺣأ ﺪﻤﺤﻣو ،ﷲ رﺎﺠﻟا نﺎﻤﯿﻠﺳو ،

.ﻢﮭﻟﺎﻤﻋأ ﻦﻣ جذﺎﻤﻧ ﻢﯾﺪﻘﺘﺑ

اًدرﻮﻣ ﺮﺒﺘﻌﯾ ﮫﻧأ ﻻإ ،ﻖﯿﻗﺪﻟا ﻰﻨﻌﻤﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﯿﻤﯾدﺎﻛأ ﺔﺳارد ﺲﯿﻟ اﺬھ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ﻞﻤﻋ نأ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻏﺮﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا هﺬھ ﻞﺒﻗ ﮫﻧﻷ .لﺎﺠﻤﻟا اﺬھ ﻲﻓ ﻦﯿﻠﻣﺎﻌﻠﻟ اًﺪﺟ ﺎًﻤﮭﻣ

ﻲﺘﯾﻮﻜﻟا بدﻷا ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ لﺎﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻞﻤﻋ كﺎﻨھ ﻦﻜﯾ ﻢﻟ .

ﺞﯿﻠﺨﻟا ﻞﯿﻟد ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا (ت :(ﻲﻓاﺮﻐﺠﻟا ﺮﻔﺴﻟا) (ﻲﺨﯾرﺎﺘﻟا ﺮﻔﺴﻟا)

ﻦﻣ ﺎﮭﺘﯿﻓاﺮﻐﺟو ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺦﯾرﺎﺘﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا ﻢﺴﻘﻠﻟ ﺔﻤﺟﺮﺗ ﻦﻋ ةرﺎﺒﻋ ﻲھ ﺔﺳارﺪﻟا هﺬھ

ﻹا قﺮﺸﺘﺴﻤﻟا بﺎﺘﻛ )ﺮﻤﯾرﻮﻟ نودرﻮﺟ نﻮﺟ يﺰﯿﻠﺠﻧ

Gazetteer of The Persian Gulf ²⁴ ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟا ﺞﯿﻠﺨﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺔﻤﮭﻣ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻦﻤﻀﺘﯾ يﺬﻟا (

مﺎﻋ ﻲﺷاﻮﺤﻟﺎﺑ ﺎﻌّﺳﻮﻣ ﻦﯾﺪﻠﺠﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺮﺸُﻧو ،ﺪﯾﺰﻟا دﻮﻌﺳ ﺪﻟﺎﺧ ﻞَﺒِﻗ ﻦﻣ بﺎﺘﻜﻟا اﺬھ ﻒّﻨُﺻ .ﺎﮭﻗﺮﺷو ﺔﯿﺑﺮﻌﻟا ةﺮﯾﺰﺠﻟا ﮫﺒﺷ ﻂﺳوو 1981

.م

ﯾرﺎﺗ لوﺎﻨﺘﯾ يﺬﻟا ﮫﻨﻣ لوﻷا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا ﺮﺸُﻧ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺦ

ﻲﺨﯾرﺎﺘﻟا ﺮﻔﺴﻟا ﺞﯿﻠﺨﻟا ﻞﯿﻟد ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻦﻋ ﺎﮭﯿﻓ ثﺪﺤﺗ ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻤﺑ ﻞﻤﻌﻟا اﺬھ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا أﺪﺑ .

) بﺎﺘﻛ ﻒﯿﻟﺄﺗ بﺎﺒﺳأ Gazetteer of The Persian Gulf

رﺎﺒﻛو ،ﺔﻋﻮﺳﻮﻤﻟا هﺬھ ءﺎﺸﻧإ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﻒﻟﺆﻤﻟا ﺎﮭﻨﻣ دﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻲﺘﻟا ردﺎﺼﻤﻟاو ،ﮫﻔﯿﻟﺄﺗ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣو (

ﺟ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﺎھرﺎﺸﺘﺳا ﻲﺘﻟا تﺎﯿﺼﺨﺸﻟا ﮫﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﻒﯿﻨﺼﺗ ءﺎﻨﺛأ ﻮھ ﮫﻌﺒﺗا يﺬﻟا ﺞﮭﻨﻤﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ﺮﻛذ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟا هﺬھ ﻞﻘﻧ ﺪﻌﺑ .ﺔﻘﻄﻨﻤﻟا ﻦﻋ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟا ﻊﻤ

ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا

ﺞﯿﻠﺨﻟا ﻞﯿﻟد ﻲﻓ .

:ﻮھو ،ﺮﻤﯾرﻮﻟ ﻒﯿﻨﺼﺘﺑ ﺎًﻣﺰﺘﻠﻣ ﺔﯿﺴﯿﺋر ﻦﯾوﺎﻨﻋ ﺔﺴﻤﺧ ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻠﻟ ﻲﺳﺎﯿﺴﻟا ﺦﯾرﺎﺘﻟا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا اﺬھ ﻲﻓ ﺪﯾﺰﻟا لوﺎﻨﺗ

- :ﻰﻟوﻷا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا 1716

- 1795

- ﻟا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا :ﺔﯿﻧﺎﺜ 1795 - 1866

- :ﺔﺜﻟﺎﺜﻟا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا 1866

- 1892

- :ﺔﻌﺑاﺮﻟا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا 1892

- 1896

- :ﺔﺴﻣﺎﺨﻟا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا 1896

- 1905

و .(ﻰﻟوﻷا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا ﻖﺤﻠﻣ) ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻲﺴﯿﺋر ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻞﻛ ﺪﻌﺑ فﺎﺿأو ،ﺔﻋﻮﺳﻮﻤﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺔﻔﻠﺘﺨﻣ ءاﺰﺟأ ﻦﻣ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺦﯾرﺎﺘﺑ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟا تﺎﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟا ﺪﯾﺰﻟا ﻊﻤﺟ ﻦﻤﺿ

ﻓ ﻦﯾوﺎﻨﻋ فﺎﺿأ ﻦﯾوﺎﻨﻌﻟا هﺬھ .ﻲﺷاﻮﺤﻟﺎﺑ ةﺪﯾﺪﺠﻟا مﺎﺴﻗﻷا هﺬھ ىﺮﺛأو ،ﻊﺋﺎﻗﻮﻟاو ﺮﻤﯾرﻮﻟ ﺎﮭﻔﺻو ﻲﺘﻟا ثاﺪﺣﻸﻟ ﻲﻨﻣﺰﻟا ﻞﺴﻠﺴﺘﻠﻟ ﺎًﻘﻓو ﺔﯿﻋﺮ

لوﺎﻨﺗ ،بﻮﺘﻌﻟا ﺔﻠﯿﺒﻗ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻲﻓ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺔﻨﯾﺪﻣ ﺲﯿﺳﺄﺘﺑ أﺪﺑ يﺬﻟا ﻢﺴﻘﻟا ﻲﻓ ،ﻢﯾﺪﻘﻟا ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ لوﺎﻨﺗ ﻰﻟوﻷا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا ﻖﺤﻠﻣو ﻰﻟوﻷا ةﺮﺘﻔﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺪﯾﺪﻌﻟا

ﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺔﯿﺳﺎﯿﺴﻟا ﺎﯾﺎﻀﻘﻟا ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻰﻠﻋ ﻦﯿﯿﺑﺎھﻮﻟا تﺎﻤﺠھ ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺦﯿﺷ ﻊﻣ ﻦﯿﯿﻧﺎﻄﯾﺮﺒﻟاو ﻦﯿﯾﺪﻨﻟﻮﮭﻟا تﺎﻗﻼﻋ ،ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﻲﻓ ﺶﯿﻌﺗ ﻲﺘﻟا ﻞﺋﺎﺒﻘﻟا :ﻞﯿ

23 (Halef, 1995, el-Emsâl, pp. 74-75).

ﻦﻋ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻤﻟا يﻮﺘﺤﯾ يﺬﻟا ﻢﺴﻘﻟا ّنا 24

)ـﻟ ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟا ﺪﻠﺠﻤﻟا ﻲﻓ دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺖﯾﻮﻜﻟا ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ Gazetteer of The Persian Gulf

( ﻦﯿﺑ ١٥٠١ - ١٥٧٠ .