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酸蝕時間對恆牙第一大臼齒窩隙封劑保固效果之影響

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酸蝕時間對恆牙第一大臼齒窩隙封劑保固效果之影響 Influence of different etching time on the retention of pit and

中文摘要

國內學童齲齒率之高是眾所皆知,尤其是國內口腔衛生教育做的尚不 確實,一般人的觀念認為乳齒會換,蛀掉無所謂,甚至約在六歲左右即萌 出的恆牙第一大臼齒,也被誤以為是乳牙而不予重視o 其實牙齒具有咀嚼 食物﹑幫助消化﹑發音正確等重要功能,尤其是恆牙第一大臼齒在維持顏 面咬合垂直高度上具有相當重要的地位o        預防齲 齒的方法有很多,但針對臼齒咬合面特有的溝裂,窩隙封劑是相當有效的 利器o

   窩隙封劑的優點在於治療時不須除去過多的齒質,就可以將齒 面上所有的溝裂加以填補,治療所需的時間很短,操作時也不會引發疼痛

,是引介兒童病患熟悉牙科環境及治療的優良起步方法o 臨床上窩隙封劑 填補後是否能夠持久,和防溼有絕對的關係,因而減少酸蝕時間以降低口 水汙染的機會,也成為研究上的方向之一o         本研究的目的就是利用左右對稱 成對之恆牙第一大臼齒做窩隙封劑的填 補,以及利用攝影技術記錄治療結果,用來比較20 秒與 60 秒不同酸蝕時間 對恆牙第一大臼齒窩隙封劑保固效果之影響o

本研究是選取臺北市某國小二﹑三年級的學童,其恆牙第一大臼齒沒有齲 蝕或僅有琺瑯質之輕微齲蝕,且必須為左右二側對稱之恆牙第一大臼齒均 可進行窩隙封劑填補者,作為本研究之對象o  

       利用該國小健康中既有之

基本設備,使用3M Concise White Sealant 及鹵素光機,術前﹑術後用相 同的相機,相同的放大倍率,拍照存證,繼而每個月回診照相一次o   最後利用相片進行評估,比較不同酸蝕條件下窩隙封劑之保固結果o

  總計收集了260 對案例,二年級 160 對-男生 91 對;女生 69 對,三 年級100 對-男生 60 對;女生 40 對 o

使用Macintosh 中 Statview 軟體的 Contingency Table 及 Chi-square 進行

計分析o   結果發現             

      一﹑20 秒的酸蝕與 60 秒的酸蝕對保固率而言,無統 計學上的差異(p>0.005)o 二﹑二﹑三年級的保固率除九個月

外,無統計學上之差異o        三﹑性別並不影響 保固結果o       四

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﹑以一年的追蹤結果來說,上顎完全沒有脫落之比例比下顎大,具有統計 學上之差異o 五﹑全部資料合併時,左右側臼齒在 3 個月﹑9 個月﹑12 個月 的保固結果具統計學上之差異 ,右側保固結果優於左側o   

      六﹑輕微之琺瑯質齲蝕與無 齲蝕之琺瑯質其保固率無統計學上之差異o     七﹑操作者

的年資對保固率有影響o             

  八﹑本研究為期一年的保固結果:完整沒有脫落者佔44.9%,只有副 溝脫落者佔27.2%, 咬合面主要溝裂有脫落者佔 27.9%o  

     英文摘要

Dental caries is the most common disease found in human oral cavity. The prevalence of caries has decreased in the past two decades in most industrialized countries, particularly of smooth surface caries. Contributing to this decline are widely using fluoride, improved dental service utilization and oral hygiene practices etc. But fluoride is not effective to prevent pit and fissure caries as smooth surface caries dose. Occlusal sealant is the treatment of choice in preventing pit and fissure caries.

Success of sealant is dependent on many factors, maintaining a dry field is the most important one. All dentists are concerned about how to maintain a dry field. Reducing etching time is a part of research compass.The purpose of this research is using contra-lateral permanent first molars to evaluate the influence of different etching time on the retention of pit and fissure sealant. Beside using contra-lateral molars, taking color slide to record the treatment result is another feature of this study.

We can get more natural results from which color slides present.

There are 260 pairs of permanent first molars in this study, including 160 pairs of teeth from second-grades of elementary school children and 100 pairs of teeth from third-grades of elementary school students.Examined every three months and

followed up for one year.This research dosen''t find statistical significant difference between 20-second and 60-second etching

time on the retention of pit and fissure sealant (p>0.005).

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