-SU
COMPARISONS OF SOIL WATER EXTRACTS IN ASSESSMENT OF SOIL pH and ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
Nurullah
Bilimi ve Bitki Besleme
(Sorumlu Yazar)
ya
m-1 olarak 9.01 ve 2.75 dS m-1
ABSTRACT
Soil pH is an important parameter that helps to interpret the availability of nutrients and the various biological functions in soils. Measurement of soil pH is usually carried out with electrical conductivity (EC) measurement, which is generally considered as a salinity indicator. International Standardization Organization (ISO) states that soil pH and EC should be measured in 1:5 soil/water mixtures. However, soil pH and EC in most of published research reports or scientific papers have been determined in various soil/water ratios such as 1: 1, 1: 2, 1: 2.5, 1:5 along with saturation paste. In this study, five different soil pH and EC values were measured including 3 different (1: 1, 1: 2 and 1: 5) soil/water mixtures, saturation paste and effluent extracted from saturation paste and the pH and EC values were compared. Soils evaluated in this study were collected from a large land located in Central Anatolia. Forty-eight saturation pastes and effluents and 137 soil/water extracts have been evaluated for this study. Mean pH and EC values for saturation paste were determined as 8.50 and 7.13 dS m-1, respectively, while mean pH and EC values of 1:5 soil/water mixtures were 9.01 and 2.75 dS m-1, respectively. The difference between pH and EC values of different soil/water mixtures was assessed by a paired t-test. All measurements except for the pH values measured in the saturation paste and 1: 1 soil/water mixture were different from each other. The pH and EC values of soil/water extracts decreased with the increase in water content. The increase in water content decreased the concentration of soluble salts and hydrogen ions in the solution. The results revealed that 1:1 soil/water mixture could be used reliably in place of saturation paste for pH measurement. Specifying the ratio of soil/water mixture used to determine the pH and EC values in research reports and papers will also help readers better interpret the data.
Keywords: Saline, electrical conductivity, soil reaction, measurement, mixture 1.
(Miller ve Kissel, 2010). Elektriksel iletkenlik (EC) ise, toprakta
konsantrasyonu
- etkisiyle
ISO (10390:2005), topraklarda pH 1:5 or
mi . Bununla birlikte,
kabul edilmemektedir (Kabala ve ark., 2016).
e olan saturasyon
. Y
. Elde edilen verilerin
nin matematiksel formulasyonu . 2. 2.1. Materyal tuzluluk ve sodiklik 2600 (0-20 cm) 2.2.
Kemper ve Rosenau, 1986). toprak/su
Rhoades ve ark., 1999) ve ile
de (U.S. Salinity Lab. Staff, 1954). Elektriksel iletkenlik (EC)
(Rhoades ve ark., 1999) ve ile
(U.S. Salinity Lab. Staff, 1954). Organik madde m Walkey-1958). 3. %77.4 gibi y , old
N=137 Birim Ortalama Standart Hata VK
Kil % 22.0 81.1 53.2 17.10 32.1 -0.14 Kum 3.9 58.9 25.8 14.77 57.3 0.43 Silt 8.8 55.1 21.0 7.09 33.8 0.85 Agregat 30.8 99.7 77.4 16.3 21.1 -0.63 3.99 46.12 30.01 10.31 34.37 -0.68 OM 0.32 4.50 1.83 0.71 38.50 0.46 KDK meq/100gr 13.69 41.08 26.50 5.08 19.18 0.10 T ,
. ortalama 8.45 iken 1:5 toprak/su
ortalama pH konsantrasyonu
(McLean, 1982).
vb. konumu
o kadar koyu ve elektrot ile toprak zerreciklerinin daha fazla olur. Toprak
Birim N Ortalama Standart Hata VK
PH sat. 48 7.95 9.42 8.50 0.30 3.53 0.57 48 7.97 9.20 8.45 0.26 3.04 0.59 pH 1:1 137 7.96 9.89 8.55 0.33 3.80 0.99 pH 1:2 137 8.07 10.09 8.76 0.36 4.06 0.70 pH 1:5 137 8.01 10.13 9.01 0.41 4.55 0.18 dS/m 48 0.90 17.42 7.13 4.37 61.29 0.45 48 1.70 39.70 15.64 11.35 72.57 0.70 EC 1:1 137 0.47 24.70 5.42 4.66 85.88 1.21 EC 1:2 137 0.34 16.80 4.08 3.43 84.08 1.07 EC 1:5 137 0.21 12.14 2.75 2.47 89.95 1.15 m-1 m-1 m-1 ortalamaya sahip m-1 ile s (Richards, 1954) EC (dS/m)
Tuzsuz 0-2 Tuzluluk etkileri genellikle ihmal edilebilir.
2-4
Hafif tuzlu 4-8
Orta derecede tuzlu 8-16 >16
yeri
. P<0.0
rasyon P<0.0
4. pH
-. Paired Differences t df *Sig.
Mean Std. Dev. Error Std. Mean 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper - 0.05 0.13 0.02 0.01 0.09 2.68 47.00 0.01** - pH 1:1 -0.01 0.10 0.01 -0.04 0.02 -0.48 47.00 0.64 - pH 1:2 -0.22 0.13 0.02 -0.26 -0.18 -11.44 47.00 0.00** - pH 1:5 -0.41 0.22 0.03 -0.47 -0.34 -12.78 47.00 0.00** - pH 1:1 -0.06 0.16 0.02 -0.10 -0.01 -2.46 47.00 0.02* - pH 1:2 -0.27 0.19 0.03 -0.33 -0.22 -9.90 47.00 0.00** - pH 1:5 -0.46 0.23 0.03 -0.52 -0.39 -13.56 47.00 0.00** pH 1:1 - pH 1:2 -0.20 0.09 0.01 -0.22 -0.19 -28.01 136.00 0.00** pH 1:1 - pH 1:5 -0.46 0.20 0.02 -0.49 -0.42 -26.09 136.00 0.00** pH 1:2 - pH 1:5 -0.25 0.17 0.01 -0.28 -0.22 -17.66 136.00 0.00** - -8.51 7.34 1.06 -10.64 -6.38 -8.04 47.00 0.00** - EC 1:1 1.39 1.77 0.26 0.87 1.90 5.43 47.00 0.00** - EC 1:2 2.50 1.89 0.27 1.96 3.05 9.18 47.00 0.00** - EC 1:5 4.06 2.46 0.36 3.35 4.78 11.44 47.00 0.00** - EC 1:1 9.90 8.88 1.28 7.32 12.48 7.72 47.00 0.00** - EC 1:2 11.02 9.09 1.31 8.38 13.66 8.40 47.00 0.00** - EC 1:5 12.58 9.50 1.37 9.82 15.34 9.17 47.00 0.00** EC 1:1 - EC 1:2 1.34 1.56 0.13 1.08 1.61 10.05 136.00 0.00** EC 1:1 - EC 1:5 2.68 2.46 0.21 2.26 3.09 12.73 136.00 0.00** EC 1:2 - EC 1:5 1.33 1.14 0.10 1.14 1.52 13.62 136.00 0.00** ** *P<0.05 elde edilen pH ve EC
regresyon analizi modelleri 2
1:5 toprak/su 2 4. olarak
KAYNAKLAR
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