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Achievements and prospects for development of the Institute of Nuclear Physics under National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan

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ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROSPECTS FOR

ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROSPECTS FOR

DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF

DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF

NUCLEAR PHYSICS UNDER NATIONAL

NUCLEAR PHYSICS UNDER NATIONAL

NUCLEAR CENTER OF THE REPUBLIC

NUCLEAR CENTER OF THE REPUBLIC

OF KAZAKHSTAN

OF KAZAKHSTAN

Adil TULEUSHEV

Director

____________________________________________________________________

1, Ibragimova str. Tel.: +7 727 3865016 050032. Almaty Fax: +7 727 3865260

Republic of Kazakhstan e-mail: tuleushev@inp.kz

Institute of Nuclear Phisics

National Nuclear Centre

Republic of Kazakhstan

(2)

Institute of Nuclear Physics was established

Institute of Nuclear Physics was established

in 1957 and incorporated into National Nuclear

in 1957 and incorporated into National Nuclear

Centre in 1992

Centre in 1992

.

.

Primary Activity Areas - basic research in

Primary Activity Areas - basic research in

nuclear physics, solid-state physics and radiation

nuclear physics, solid-state physics and radiation

material science, development of nuclear physics

material science, development of nuclear physics

methods

of

investigations,

radio-ecological

methods

of

investigations,

radio-ecological

studies, nuclear technologies, and training in

studies, nuclear technologies, and training in

science and technology.

science and technology.

Institute of Nuclear Phisics

National Nuclear Centre

Republic of Kazakhstan

____________________________________________________________________

1, Ibragimova str. Tel.: +7 727 3865016

050032. Almaty Fax: +7 727 3865260

(3)

INSTITUTE OF NUCLEAR PHYSICS:

Primary Activity Areas

Nuclear Physics

Radiation

Solid State Physics

Applied Nuclear

Physics

Accelerator

Technologies

Reactor

Investigations

(4)

DISTRIBUTION OF MAN POWER WITHIN

DEPARTMENTS

People employed – 631

Doctor of Sciences – 18

(5)

BASIC FACILITIES

RESEARCH NUCLEAR REACTOR WWR-K

Commissioned in 1967

Continuous operation till 1988

1988-1998 - safety upgrade, licensing

Re-started in 1998

Power: 6 MW

Neutron flux: 1.010

14

n/(cm

2

s)

Fuel enrichment: 36%

235

U

Transfer to fuel enriched: 19.7%

235

U

Utilization:

-

Neutron physics research

-

Isotope production

-

Neutron activation analysis

-

Radiation tests of materials

-

Research for neutron therapy and

transmutation doping of Silicon

(6)

BASIC FACILITIES

ISOCHRONOUS CYCLOTRON U-150M

1965 - set into operation in "classical" mode (fixed ion energy)

1972 - upgraded to isochronous mode (variable ion energy)

Light ions:

1

H

+

,

2

H

2+

,

3

He

2+

,

4

He

2+

Internal and extracted ion beam

Ion beam scanning

Remote ion beam diagnostics

Source gas recycling system

Utilization:

• Basic research on nuclear reactions

• Isotope production

• Radiation tests of materials

Ions

Energy MeV

Internal beam

current μA

Extracted beam

current μA

Protons

7-30

500

50

Deuterons

12.5 - 25

150

30

α-particles

25 - 50

40

20

(7)

BASIC FACILITIES

HEAVY ION ACCELERATOR UKP-2-1

Set into operation in 1987

Tandem acceleration scheme

2 independent ion sources and beam lines

Ion mass: from 1 to 200

Ion energy: up to 2 MeV/nucleon

High energy stability and low spread (~2·10

-4

)

Utilization:

-

PIXE and micro-PIXE analysis

-

Resonance nuclear reactions analysis

-

Rutherford backscattering analysis

-

Development of accelerator mass-spectroscopy

(8)

BASIC FACILITIES

COMMERCIAL ELECTRON ACCELERATOR ELV-4

Commissioned in 1994

Transferred to INP in 2000

Electron beam energy: up to 1.5 MeV

Electron beam power: up to 50 kW

Computerized control

Conveyor transport system

Utilization:

-

Radiation sterilization of medicinal goods

-

Production of cross-linked polymeric roofing material

-

Radiation technology development:

Hydrogels for medicine

(9)

BASIC FACILITIES

HEAVY ION ACCELERATOR DC-60

Parameters of Accelerated Ion Beams

Types of Ions Li ÷ Xe

A/Z 6 ÷ 12

Energy of Accelerated Ions 0.4 ÷ 1.6. MeV/nucleon

Energy Scatter 2 %

Discrete Change of Ion Energy changing ion charge (A/Z) Smooth Variation of Ion

Energy

30 % (±15%)

varying magnetic field

Parameters of Low-Energy Ion Beams

Types of Ions Li ÷ Xe

A/Z 2 ÷ 20

Ion Energy at ECR

Source 10 ÷ 20 keV/charge Energy Scatter 0.1 %

Discrete Change of Ion

Energy changing ion charge (A/Z) Smooth Variation of

Ion Energy

30 % (±15%)

varying sweeping potential of ECR source

(10)

ORION REGISTRAR, INC., USA

CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION

(11)

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



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



























Актау Актау АктауАктауАктауАктауАктауАктауАктау Павлодар Павлодар ПавлодарПавлодарПавлодарПавлодарПавлодарПавлодарПавлодар Экибастуз Экибастуз ЭкибастузЭкибастузЭкибастузЭкибастузЭкибастузЭкибастузЭкибастуз АСТАНА АСТАНА АСТАНААСТАНААСТАНААСТАНААСТАНААСТАНААСТАНА Семипалатинск Семипалатинск СемипалатинскСемипалатинскСемипалатинскСемипалатинскСемипалатинскСемипалатинскСемипалатинск Усть-Каменогорск Усть-Каменогорск Усть-КаменогорскУсть-КаменогорскУсть-КаменогорскУсть-КаменогорскУсть-КаменогорскУсть-КаменогорскУсть-Каменогорск Уральск Уральск УральскУральскУральскУральскУральскУральскУральск Атырау Атырау АтырауАтырауАтырауАтырауАтырауАтырауАтырау Тараз Тараз ТаразТаразТаразТаразТаразТаразТараз Алматы Алматы АлматыАлматыАлматыАлматыАлматыАлматыАлматы Талдыкорган Талдыкорган ТалдыкорганТалдыкорганТалдыкорганТалдыкорганТалдыкорганТалдыкорганТалдыкорган Кокшетау Кокшетау КокшетауКокшетауКокшетауКокшетауКокшетауКокшетауКокшетау Петропавловск Петропавловск ПетропавловскПетропавловскПетропавловскПетропавловскПетропавловскПетропавловскПетропавловск Караганда Караганда КарагандаКарагандаКарагандаКарагандаКарагандаКарагандаКараганда Актобе Актобе АктобеАктобеАктобеАктобеАктобеАктобеАктобе Костанай Костанай КостанайКостанайКостанайКостанайКостанайКостанайКостанай Шымкент Шымкент ШымкентШымкентШымкентШымкентШымкентШымкентШымкент Кызылорда Кызылорда КызылордаКызылордаКызылордаКызылордаКызылордаКызылордаКызылорда 6 LIRA 1 Region 17 Azgir 1 Batolit 2 3 Say-Utes 1 Region 5 1 Meridian 1 1 Meridian 2 1 Meridian 3 456 SNTS

Kazakhstan is a nuclear weapons free state with unique

nuclear heritage where many people recognize

(12)

SEMIPALATINSK NUCLEAR TEST SITE

S a r z h a l K u r c h a t o v К а й н а р 5 10 4 90 7 80 7 70 7 90 24 .09 .51 21 .09 .55 1 6 .0 3 .5 6 Fi g . S c h e m e o f m o s t s i g n i f i c a n t t r a c e s o f f r o m a t m o s p h e r e e x p l o s i o n s . - A r e a o f m o s t p o l l u t i o n ( m o r e t h e n 0 . 5 K u / s q . K m ) w i t h C s o n t h e a e r o - g a m m a s u r v e y d a t a p o l l u t i o n O p y t n o e p o l e B a l a p a n T e l k e m D e g e l e n M u r z c h y k I r t i s h r iv e r

Primary Outcome:

Based on large scope of data

(N > 10

4

)

оn

137

Cs,

90

Sr,

238,

239+240

Pu

distribution

and

determined rates of radiation

risks for various sites and

territories.

Priority Task:

Investigation of character and

rates of contamination with

tritium for environment and

(13)

INVOLVEMENT IN KARACHAGANAK PROJECT

Achievements:

Assured radiation safety

of oil-and gas activities

at KOGF

Current Tasks:

Determination of legal

status for LIRA facilities

Feasibility studies and

Development of

technologies for closure of

nuclear cavities

Primary Objective:

(14)

CHALLENGES FROM NATURAL RADIO-NUCLIDES

Years of intensive systematic investigations showed:

Radiation risks from

NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

in Kazakhstan are of primary

(15)

LONG-TERM OBJECTIVES

Maximal lowering of

radiation risks and release

of the lands for commercial

utilization

From

environmental studies

to environmental

(16)

The Institute runs comprehensive

material-science studies of unique

stainless steels from spent fuel

assemblies of BN-350 reactor

(17)

MATERIAL SCIENCE

Universal testing machine "Instron-1195" with optical-electron extensometer

Calvet-calorimeter combined with micro-destruction machine Shear punch facility based on testing machine FP-100/1

Electron microscope

(18)

NEW METHODS FOR INVESTIGATION OF MECHANICAL

PROPERTIES OF HIGHLY-RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS

Collaboration with PNNL, ANL, (the USA) and Electricity Сompany (France).

Great contribution was made by F. Gardner and J. Lambert.

(19)

SEARCH FOR NEUTRON CLUSTERS

Topicality

Nuclear research centers involved in search for neutron clusters

Novel information about nucleon-nucleon interaction mechanisms Total change in our understanding of elements’ formation at Big Bang

Theoretical assessment of neutron nuclei existence vary from their certain nuclear stability to

complete rejection of such possibility – the experiment is needed!

Part of matter in the Universe is in

neutron stars

New methods for generation of nuclear energy at fission of heavy elements with multineutrons USA Theoretical assessment of possibilities for neutron cluster existence.

Search for 3 and 4 neutron clusters. Е-t method (recoil nuclei). Search for 3 and 4 neutron clusters. Activation method. Search for 8 clusters. Activation method. France

Saclay nuclear research center Kurchatov InstituteRussia

Russia

(20)

EXPERIMENTAL METHODS AT SEARCH

FOR NEUTRON CLUSTERS

Software package for processing and analysis of experimental data obtained in multi-parameter nuclear experiments.

Collaboration with leading nuclear centers in the USA, Russia, Germany, Turkey, Poland, Uzbekistan and Ukraine.

Novelty of proposed research of neutron nuclei

Intensive beams at the accelerator DC-60 at energies close to Coulomb barrier:

• optimal ratio between neutron background and probability of neutron cluster formation

• low probability for formation of neutron cluster is balanced by high intensity of accelerated ions at DC-60

.

Available:

• Е-Е method for registration and identification of nuclear reaction products.

• Time-of-flight method for measurement of masses and energies for decay products.

U-150M

Available:

• On-line gamma-spectroscopy • Е method for registration of nuclear reaction products.

UKP-2-1

Required:

• Establishing of E-t

spectrometers adjusted to low energy nuclear experiment at DC-60 and U-150M.

• Development of activation method at DC-60 and U-150M.

DC-60

Accelerators in INP NNC RK

(21)

INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS

Poland

INR,

Prof. Rusek

Uzbekistan

INP, Tashkent,

Prof. R.Yarmukhamedov, Prof. S.V.Artemov

Germany

Darmstadt,

Prof. К.Schmidt

Turkey

Prof. А.Baikal, Prof. I.Boztosum

USA

University of Colorado, Prof.J.Peterson University of Wisconsin-Madison, А.B.Balantekin University of Ohio, Prof. К.Bruno University of Texas, Prof. R.Schmidt, Prof. V.Z.Goldberg

RUSSIA

Kurchatov

Institute,

Prof.S.B.Sakuta

SRIP

St.Petersburg,

Prof. К.А.Gridnev

ARNC-ARSRIEP,

Sarov, Prof.

S.N.Abramovich

JINR, Dubna

Prof. М.G.Itkis

(22)

PRODUCTION OF NUCLEAR TRACK

MEMBRANES AT DC-60

Filtration of latex particles

Membrane chippage with parallel cylindrical

(23)

CENTER FOR NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOPHYSICS

• Production of radioisotopes for

medical applications

• Development and testing of new

radiopharmaceuticals, nuclear

diagnostics and treatment

techniques

• Nuclear medicine staff training

for regional centers of

Kazakhstan

Introduction of up-to date nuclear

methods in national health care:

• high quality diagnostics

• cost-effective treatment

(24)

PRODUCTION OF RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS

Number of deliveries/year

2003 2005 2007

99m

Tc

201

Tl

131

I

67

Ga

2005

2008

+

18

F

111

In

153

Sm

90

Y

89

Sr

125

I

(25)

CLOSED NUCLEAR CENTRES PROGRAMME

(CNСP, UK DEPARTMENT OF TRADE AND INDUSTRY)

• Radiation technology for production

of hydrogel dressings for medicine;

• Technology for production of sealed

radioactive sources for industry and

medicine;

• Technology for routine neutron

activation analysis for industry and

geology;

• Creation of group of power

efficiency and energy saving

technologies «gefest».

G8 Global Partnership Program -

Support of non-proliferation activities by establishing of steady

workplaces in civil sector for former weapon specialists.

(26)

CLOSED NUCLEAR CENTRES PROGRAMME

Composition of biocompatible polymer (<10%) and water,

produced by

simultaneous cross-linking and sterilization by electron beam

Radiation technology for production of hydrogel dressings

Radiation technology for production of hydrogel dressings

Application:

• Surgery

• Traumatology

• Burn treatment

• Dermatology

Antibacterial barrier

Effective removal of exudation

Oxygen permeability

Gradual drag delivery

(27)

CLOSED NUCLEAR CENTRES PROGRAMME

Application areas

Production of sealed

Production of sealed

radioactive sources

radioactive sources

192

Ir

60

Co

109

Cd

124

Sb

(28)

CLOSED NUCLEAR CENTRES PROGRAMME

Neutron activation analysis service

Neutron activation analysis service

Clients profile

Geology

28%

Oil and gas

17%

Science, high technology 6% Environmental monitoring 7%

Mining and

processing

42%

(29)

CLOSED NUCLEAR CENTRES PROGRAMME

Services needed by consumers

Creation of group of power

efficiency and energy saving

technologies "gefest"

(30)
(31)
(32)

NEW PROMISING DEVELOPMENTS

Anti-proliferation coatings of

tantalum-copper alloys for cardio-surgery stunts of

(33)

STUDIES OF DEGRADATION IN MATERIALS WITH

“SHAPE MEMORY” EXPOSED IN SPACE

Microcrater at

the plane of

stainless steel

exposed in

space

×5000

Experiments simulating the influence of

micro-craters on surface, crater formation and

out-of-range effects in methastable stainless steels

Formation of microcraters at

exposure in space

Cosmic particle

Artificial space object Crater Martensite   transformation Shock wave Crater Thermal diffusion Change in phase composition structure Microcraters

Meteorites and space waste

Sample

Out-of-range effects

(34)

STUDIES OF DEGRADATION IN MATERIALS WITH

“SHAPE MEMORY” EXPOSED IN SPACE

Microcrater at

the plane of

stainless steel

exposed in

space

×5000

Experiments simulating the influence of

micro-craters on surface, crater formation and

out-of-range effects in methastable stainless steels

Formation of microcraters at

exposure in space

Cosmic particle

Artificial space object Crater Martensite   transformation Shock wave Crater Thermal diffusion Change in phase composition structure Microcraters

Meteorites and space waste

Sample

Out-of-range effects

(35)

INTERNATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

CENTER (ISTC) PROJECT MAP

К-012 220 K$ К-172 260 K$ К-578 350 K$ К-977 122 K$ К-503р 279 K$ К-497 126 K$ К-437 255 K$ К-1128 256 K$ К-1198 CSP-9

WWW.

К-53 778 K$ К-337 350 K$ К-749 350 K$ К-893 213 K$ National Project KOGF 2 М$ / year

O

il

C

o

n

tr

ac

ts

O

il

C

o

n

tra

ct

s

К-197 80 K$ К-925 117 K$ К-970 60 K$ К-526 27 K$ К-152 109 K$ К-465, К-465.2 219 K$ К-632 350 K$

National Project

К-451.2 50 K$ К-472 174 K$ К-884 350 K$ National Project CNCP National Project National Project «Center for Nuclear

Medicine» CNСP «Sealed Radiation Sources» К-036 265 K$ К-926р 795 K$ Commercial Contract TСI, USA

National Project

CNСP

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(36)

DEVELOPMENT OF ULTRA-SENSITIVE ANALYSIS

METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF RADIO-NUCLIDES

Expected determination threshold for Т – up to 10

-18

%

ISTC Project

«High-Sensitive Ion

Technology for

Measurements of Low

Concentrations of Heavy

Hydrogen Isotopes»

Referanslar

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