Bilgi Toplamı ve Bilgi Ekonomisi Oluşturma Yolunda Türkiye ve Avrupa Birliği

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In todays Globalized World, knowledge economy is a new economy understanding based on knowledge. Knowledge plays an important role to integrate all economic sectors’s physical and knowledge capitals. Currently, especially European Union (EU) has been trying to establish a common knowledge society in Europe. In this study, Turkey’s struggle and current situation are shown in order to be a knowledge society and also its position in terms of a knowledge economy is compared with European Union. To make this comparision first we used Average Özet:

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TURKEY AND EUROPEAN UNION ON THE PATH OF

ESTABLISHING KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY AND ECONOMY

*_{Dr, Anadolu Üniversitesi$oÕN|÷UHWLP)DNOWHVLøNWLVDGLYHøGDUL3URJUDPODU%|OP}

Linkage Method which is one of the Hierarchical Clustering Methods. Second, we benefited from Multi Dimensional Scaling method. Our test results with these two methods showed that among the EU member countries, Turkey is more similar to Greece and than to Romania and Bulgaria. Also test results showed that Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Finland and Sweden are the most successful nations in the path of being a knowledge economy.

Key Words:European Union, Knowledge Society, Knowledge Economy, Hierarchical Clustering Methods, Average Linkage Method, Multi Dimensional Scaling

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Bu kapsamda uygulamaya konan E-'|QúP 7UNL\H 3URMHVL LOH ELOJL WRSOXPXQD G|QúPQQ X\XP LoLQGH YH EWQOHúLN ELU \DSÕGD \UWOPHVL |QJ|UOPHNWHGLU %X SURMHGH YDWDQGDúODU LúOHWPHOHU YH NDPX NHVLPL LOH WP WRSOXPXQ RUWDN ELU KHGHI RODUDN ELOJL WRSOXPX ROXúWXUPD\D \|QHOPHVL DPDoODQPDNWDGÕU%XNDSVDPGD7UNL\H¶QLQELOJLWRSOXPXQDG|QúPYL]\RQX

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EHOLUOHQPLúWLU

KURT, 'H÷LúHQ'Q\DGD«DJN, s.216-217

7

Kevük, Bilgi Ekonomisi… a.g.m., s.348

8

dXNXUoD\ÕU0$YHdHOHEL(Bilgi Toplumu ve E-'HYOHWOHúPH6UHFLQGH7UNL\HZKÜ

DUDVÕQGD JHUHNOL NRRUGLQDV\RQXQ VD÷ODQPDVÕ g]HO VHNW|U IDDOL\HWOHULQH \XNDUÕGDNL LONHOHUÕúÕ÷ÕQGD\ROJ|VWHULOPHVL.9

3. Yöntem

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+L\HUDUúLN NPHOHPH DQDOL]LQGHQ HOGH HWWL÷LPL] VRQXoODUÕ \XNDUÕGD EHOLUWWL÷LPL] JLEL D\UÕFD ELU DOJÕVDO KDULWDODPD PHWRGX GD RODQ oRN ER\XWOX |OoHNOHPH DQDOL]LQL NXOODQDUDN J|UVHOOHúWLUPH\H oDOÕúWÕN %X DQDOL]Oeri yaparken, VRQXoODUÕQ KHU LNL DQDOL] LoLQ GH WXWDUOÕ YH LVWDWLVWLNVHO RODUDN DQODPOÕ oÕNPDVÕQÕQ |QHPOLROGX÷XQXda göz önünde bulundurduk.

+L\HUDUúLN.PHOHPHYHdRN%R\XWOXgOoHNOHPH$QDOL]OHUL

.PHOHPH DQDOL]L J|]OHPOHULQ \DSÕVDO |]HOOLNOHULQL GH÷HUOHQGLUPHN LoLQ JHOLúWLULOPLúREMHNWLIELU\|QWHPGLU10 _{%XDQDOL]LQGH|WHNL\|QWHPOHUGH|QHPWDúÕ\DQ} QRUPDOOLN GR÷UXVDOOÕN YH Hú YDU\DQVD VDKLS ROPD JLEL YDUVD\ÕPODU ID]OD GLNNDWH DOÕQPDPDNWDGÕU$QFDNNPHOHPHDQDOL]LQGH|UQHNOHPLQDQDNWOH\LWHPVLOgücü ve oRNOX GR÷UXVDO ED÷ODQWÕ ROPDPDVÕ LNL |QHPOL YDUVD\ÕPGÕU $UDúWÕUPDFÕ |QFHOLNOH HOLQGHNL |UQHNOHPLQ DQDNWOH\L \HWHUOL G]H\GH WHPVLO HWWL÷L NRQXVXQGD HPLQ ROPDOÕGÕUdQNNPHOHPHDQDOL]LQGHNPHOHUDQDNWOHQLQ\DSÕVÕQÕJ|VWHUPHNLoLQ türetilmekteGLU$UDúWÕUPDFÕODUNPHOHPHDQDOL]LQLQ|UQHNOHPLQWHPVLO\HWHQH÷LQLQ QH |OoGH L\L ROGX÷XQD ED÷OÕ RODUDN EDúDUÕ VD÷OD\DQ ELU \|QWHP ROGX÷XQX bilmelidirler.11

%L] EX oDOÕúPDPÕ]GD KHP \DUGÕPFÕ \|QWHP RODUDN GLVNULPLQDQW DQDOL]LQL NXOODQGÕ÷ÕPÕ]GDQ KHP GH NXOODQDFD÷ÕPÕ] NPHOHPH YH oRN ER\XWOX |OoHNOHPH gWH\DQGDQ\DSÕODQDUDúWÕUPDGDoRNOXGR÷UXVDOED÷ODQWÕSUREOHPLLOH LOJLOLRODUDNGH÷LúNHQOHUH J|UHROXúWXUXODQ NRUHODV\RQ PDWULVLQLQLQFHOHQPHVL YHEX PDWULVWH GH÷LúNHQOHU DUDVÕQGD GúN NRUHODV\RQ GH÷HUOHULQLQ ROPDVÕ GLNNDWH DOÕQPDOÕGÕU %LOLQGL÷LJLELNPHOHPHDQDOL]LQGHNPHVD\ÕVÕ|QFHGHQELOLQPHPHNWHYH VDGHFHYHULOHULQPHYFXWGXUXPODUÕQGDQ\RODoÕNÕODUDNNPHOHUHOGHHGLOPHNWHGLU%X QHGHQOHHOGHHGLOHQVRQXoODUJHOHFHNWDKPLQLQGHNXOODQÕODPD]

'HYOHW3ODQODPD7HúNLODWÕ, Bilgi Toplumu Stratejisi (2006–2010),

KWWSZZZELOJLWRSOXPXJRYWUEWVWUDWHML6WUDWHMLB%HOJHVLSGI(ULúLP7DULKL

10 _{.DOD\FÕù 63668\JXODPDOÕdRN'H÷LúNHQOLøVWDWLVWLN7HNQLNOHUL, $VLO<D\ÕQ'D÷ÕWÕP}

/7'ù7ø%DVNÕ,6%1–9091–14–3, 2008, s.358

11

Grimm, L. G., Yarnold, P. R., Reading and Understanding More Multivariate Statistics, American Psychological Association, Washington DC, 2000, ISBN 1–55798–698–3, s.173

DQDOL]OHUL oRN GH÷LúNHQOL LVWDWLVWLNVHO WHNQLNOHU ROGX÷XQGDQ oRN GH÷LúNHQOL QRUPDO GD÷ÕOÕP oRNOX GR÷UXVDO ED÷ODQWÕ YH NRYDU\DQV PDWULVOHULQLQ KRPRMHQOL÷L JLEL YDUVD\ÕPODUÕHOHDODUDNJHUHNOLWHVWOHUL\DSDFD÷Õ]

dRN GH÷LúNHQOL QRUPDO GD÷ÕOÕP YDUVD\ÕPÕQD J|UH NXUXODQ oRN GH÷LúNHQOL hipotezlerin test edilmesini amaçlayan bir yöntem olarak Hotelling T2 testi NXOODQÕODELOLU +RWHOOLQJ  oRN GH÷LúNHQOL KLSRWH]OHULQ WHVW HGLOPHVLQGH NXOODQÕOPDN]HUH6WXGHQWWWHVWLQLQoRNGH÷LúNHQOLJHQHOOHPHVLRODQ72 _{testini ileri} VUPúWU.12 _{1HVQHOHUGHQYHGH÷LúNHQOHUGHQROXúDQPDWULVLQNPHOHUHD\UÕOPDVÕQGD} \HWHUOLGLVNULPLQDV\RQXVD÷OD\ÕSVD÷OD\DPDGÕ÷Õ+RWHOOLQJ72 _{testi ile test edilebilir}13

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.

14

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15

dDOÕúPDPÕ]GDNXOODQGÕ÷ÕPÕ]ELUOHúWLULFLKL\HUDUúLNNPHOHPHDQDOL]OHULQGHQ biri olDQJUXSODUDUDVÕRUWDODPDED÷ODQWÕ\|QWHPLNXOODQÕOPÕúWÕU%X\|QWHPLQLúOHP VÕUDVÕQGD |QFHOLNOH ; YHUL PDWULVLQLQ ' gNOLG X]DNOÕN PDWULVL KHVDSODQÕU (÷HU istenirse D PDWULVLQGHQ6LPEHQ]HUOLNPDWULVLKHVDSODQÕU'PDWULVLQGHNLX]DNOÕNODUD göre bir nesne P NPH RODUDN KDQJL QHVQH \D GD NPHOHUOH ELUOHúWLULOHFH÷L \HQL ROXúDQNPHOHUOHRODQX]DNOÕNODUDJ|UHEHOLUOHQLU6|]NRQXVXEXPNPHQLQ|QFHNL N YH O NPHOHUGHQ KDQJLVL LOH ELUOHúHFH÷LQL EHOLUOHPHN LoLQ M NPH LOH N YH O

Özdamar, K., 3DNHW3URJUDPODUøOHøVWDWLVWLNVHO9HUL$QDOL]LdRN'H÷LúNHQOL

Analizler) 2,<HQLOHQPLú%DVNÕ,6%1–6787–11–2, Kaan Kitabevi, 2004, s.99

13 _{Özdamar, K., Paket Programlar …a.g.k., s.327-328} 14 _{.DOD\FÕù 63668\JXODPDOÕ«DJN, s.217-219} 15 _{Özdamar, K., Paket Programlar …a.g.k., s.293-294}

NPHOHULQX]DNOÕNODUÕDúD÷ÕGDNLIRUPO\DUGÕPÕ\ODKHVDSODQÕU%|\OHFHPNPHQLQ MNPH\HX]DNOÕ÷ÕQÕQIRUPOú|\OHGLU

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19

7DWOÕGLO+8\JXODPDOÕdRN'H÷LúNHQOLøVWDWLVWLNVHO$QDOL], Ankara, 2002, Akademi 0DWEDDVÕV

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17

Lilien, G. L., Rangaswamy, A., Maketing Engineering Computer Assited Marketing

Analysis and Planning, Prentice Hall, 2003, New Jersey, s.128

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Fakültesi Dergisi (15), 2008, s.140.

18 _{Akküçük, U., Çok Boyutlu Ölçekleme TekQL÷L2ODUDN7RUJHUVHQgOoHNOHPH<|QWHPLYH}

7HPHO%LOHúHQOHU$QDOL]LLOH.DUúÕODúWÕUPDVÕ,661–1302–1842, 'XPOXSÕQDUhQLYHUVLWHVL

Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, $UDOÕN, 25,s.312

19 _{'XUD&$WLN+7UNHU2%HúHUL6HUPD\H$oÕVÕQGDQ7UNL\H¶QLQ$YUXSD%LUOL÷L}

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21

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21 _{Takane, Y., Young, F. W., & De Leeuw, J., Nonmetric individual differences}

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23

Özdamar, K., Paket Programlar …a.g.k., s.507

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Selck, T. J., Kuipers, S., Shared Hesitance, Joint Success: Denmark, Finland, and Sweden in the European Union Policy Process, Journal of the European Public Policy, 12: 1, 2005, s.157–176

26

Elgström, O., Bjurulf, B., Johansson, J. and Sannerstedt, A., ‘Coalitions in European Union negotiations’, Scandinavian Political Studies 24(2), 2001, s.111–28.

27 _{Mattila, M. and Lane, J.-E., ‘Voting in the EU Council of Ministers: will enlargement}

change the unanimity pattern?’, European Union Politics 2(1), 2001, s. 31–52.

28

Elgström, O., Bjurulf, B., Johansson, J. and Sannerstedt, A., ‘Coalitions in European…a.g.m., s.111-128

29

Selck, T. J., Kuipers, S., Shared Hesitance,…,a.g.m., s.157-176

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Kaynakça

$..hdh. 8  dRN %R\XWOX gOoHNOHPH 7HNQL÷L 2ODUDN 7RUJHUVHQ gOoHNOHPH<|QWHPLYH7HPHO%LOHúHQOHU$QDOL]LLOH.DUúÕODúWÕUPDVÕ,661– 1302–1842, 'XPOXSÕQDU hQLYHUVLWHVL 6RV\DO %LOLPOHU 'HUJLVL, $UDOÕN, 25, s.311–322

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$YUXSD%LUOL÷L.DUúÕVÕQGDNL.DONÕQPD6HYL\HVL3. Ulusal Bilgi, Ekonomi

ve Yönetim Kongresi%LOGLULOHU.LWDEÕ(VNLúHKLUV–20

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