4.TARTIġMA
5. SONUÇ VE ÖNERĠLER
İmplant üstü protezler hastaların yüksek beklenti içinde oldukları tedavi türleridir. Tedavinin süreci, ekonomisi, hastanın geçmiş dental hikayesi, sosyokültürel konumu tedavi sonucunu ve memnuniyeti etkilemektedir.
İmplant tutuculu overdenture için tutucu seçimi ve tedavi planında düşünülmesi gereken faktörler; maliyet, gerekli retansiyon miktarı, yumuşak dokudaki ağrı, mevcut kemik miktarı, beklenen oral hijyen seviyesi, hastanın sosyal statüsü, hastanın beklentileri, maksillomandibular ilişki, antagonist çenenin durumu, implantlar arası mesafedir.
Hareketli protez kullanan hastalar için birincil önemli faktör protezin retantif ve stabil olmasıdır. Hastalar fonksiyon esnasında hareket etmeyen, kolay takılıp çıkarılabilen ve özelliklerini uzun süre muhafaza eden protezler istemektedirler. Yapılan çalışmalar göz önüne alınırsa 20 N’luk retansiyon kuvveti hasta memnuniyeti için referans alınabilir.
Çalışmamızdan çıkan sonuçlar gözönüne alındığında;
-Bütün tutucu tiplerinde başlangıç retansiyonu zamanla azalmaktadır.
-Başlangıç retansiyonu, 3. ve 6. ayda çıkan retansiyon değerlerine oranla istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermiştir. Fakat 3. ve 6. aydaki değerler arasında belirgin farklılık saptanmamıştır.
-Tüm gruplarda başlangıç retansiyonu hasta memnuniyeti açısından literatürle uyum içerisindedir, fakat zamanla 2 implantlı modellerin bar klips tutucularının retansiyon değeri 20 N’ un altına inmektedir.
-Bar tutucular için, mesafe ihtiyacı, yumuşak doku büyümeleri, teknik hassasiyet gibi faktörler düşünüldüğünde locator tutucular bar tutuculara iyi bir alternatif olabilir.
-Retansiyon değerlerinin ölçüldüğü her dönemde, locator tutucular barlardan daha yüksek retansiyon değerleri göstermiştir.
-Kombine kullanılan locator lastikleri hem yüksek tutuculuk özelliği göstermiş hem de başlangıç retansiyonu kaybı çok yüksek olmamıştır.
-Açılı yerleştirilmiş implantlarda; düz yerleştirilmiş implantlara oranla, bar-klips tutucu dışında locator ve bar galvano tutucu daha retantif özellik göstermiştir.
-Tutucu sistemler için implant sayısının retansiyon seviyesiyle ilişkisi farklıdır.
Bar-klips ve locator tutucuda implant sayısı arttıkça retansiyon artmaktadır.
Fakat bar-galvano tutucuda tutuculuk; barın uzunluğuna, yani birincil ve ikincil yapının temas yüzeyine bağlı olduğu için implant sayısı ile tutuculuk direk ilişkilendirilemez.
-Bu çalışmanın sonuçları daha uzun süreli değerlendirmelere ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermiştir.
ÖZET
Ġmplant Destekli Mandibular Overdenture’da Ġmplant Sayı Ve Eğiminin Protez Tutuculuğuna Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi
Dişsiz hastalar için implant destekli overdenture uygulamaları gelişmiş retansiyon ve stabilite, fonksiyon ve kabul edilebilir seviyede rahatlık sunmaktadır. Klinik olarak rahatlık; protez tasarımı, tutucu elemanların kullanılması, restoratif komponentlerin uyumu, implantların oryantasyonu ve lokasyonu gibi faktörlere bağlı olarak elde edilir. İmplant tutuculu overdenture’larda kullanılan tutucu tipi protezin retansiyon ve stabilitesini dolayısıyla fonksiyonunu etkiler.
Çalışmanın amacı; retantif, stabil, dolayısıyla fonksiyonu iyi olan bir protez elde etmek için ne tür hassas tutucu kullanılması gerektiğini ortaya koymaktır. 2 ve 3 implantın farklı açılarda yerleştirildiği 4 farklı model üzerinde hazırlanan protezlere universal test cihazında aksiyel yönde çekme işlemi uygulanarak retansiyon değerlendirilmiştir.
Sonuç olarak implant sayısının her 3 tutucu tipinde de retansiyonu etkilediği, implantların açılandırılmasının locator tutucu ve bar tutucularda retansiyonu artırdığı saptanmıştır. Locator tutucular en yüksek retansiyon değeri göstermiştir. Tekli tutucuların bar tutuculara göre avantajları düşünüldüğü zaman locator tutucu bar tutuculara alternatif olarak düşünülebilir.
Anahtar Sözcükler: implant açısı, implant destekli overdenture, implant sayısı, retansiyon, tutucu sistem
SUMMARY
Evaluation of effects on retention of implant supported mandibular overdentures in terms of number and inclined of implants
Application of implant supported overdenture presents advanced retention and stabilization, function and acceptable level of comfort for edentulous patients.
Clinically, facility is obtained depending on factors such as prosthesis design, using retentive elements, harmony with restorative components, orientation and location of the implants. Type of attachment used in the implant retained overdentures affects retention and stabilization of denture, and thus affects the function by implication.
The aim of this study is put forward to what kind of precision attachment should be used to have a retentive, stabile and functional prosthesis. The retention was evaluated by applying axial drawing process on prepared prosthesis with the universal test machine that 2 and 3 of the implant is placed in 4 different models with different angles.
Consequently, the number of implants affected retention in all three types of the attachments and angulation of the implants increased retention at locator and bar attachments. Locator attachments showed the highest retention value. When advantages of individual attachments are considered, the locator attachment may be contemplated as alternative to bar attachment.
Key Words: Angle of implant, attachment system, implant supported overdenture, number of implants, retention.
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