• Sonuç bulunamadı

Akdeniz’e kıyısı bulunan ve yüksek miktarda çayıra ev sahipliği yapan diğer ülkelerde de, konuyla ilgili bilimin ışığında ve öneriler doğrultusunda harekete geçilmes

Yaprak yüzey alanı

8. Akdeniz’e kıyısı bulunan ve yüksek miktarda çayıra ev sahipliği yapan diğer ülkelerde de, konuyla ilgili bilimin ışığında ve öneriler doğrultusunda harekete geçilmes

59 6. KAYNAKLAR

Alongi, D.M., (1998). Coastal ecosystem processes. Coastal ecosystem processes. CRC Marine Science Series, 3. CRC Press: Boca Raton, 419.

Ambasht, R.S., Ambasht, N.K., (2003). Modern trends in applied terrestrial ecology. Kluwer Academic: New York, NY, 384.

Bianchi, C.N., (1997). Climate change and biological response in the marine benthos. Proceedings of the Italian Association for Oceanology and Limnology 12 (1), 3- 20.

Bianchi, C.N., Sandulli, R., (1992). Resoconto del sopraluogo effettuato sui fondali antistanti Noli (SV). ENEA- CRAM S. Teresa. La Spezia, Genova: 22 pp. Bianchi, C.N., Montefalcone, M., Morri, C., (2009). Contratto di ricerca relativo al

monitoraggio delle praterie di Posidonia oceanica dell’Area Marina Protetta “Isola di Bergeggi”. Relazione finale, Genova: 72 pp.

Bianchi, C.N., Morri, C., Chiantore, M., Montefalcone, M., Parravicini, V., Rovere, A., (2012). Mediterranean Sea biodiversity between the legacy from the past and a future of change. In: Stambler, N. (Ed.), Life in the Mediterranean Sea: a look at habitat changes. Nova Science: New York, NY, 1–55.

Bianchi, C.N., Morri, C., Parravicini, V., Rovere, A., (2007). Realizzazione di cartografia tematica sull’ambiente marino costiero di Bergeggi ed elaborazione di un piano di monitoraggio. Relazione finale, Genova: 244 pp.

Borja, A., Elliott, M., Andersen, J.H., Cardoso, A.C., Carstensen, J., Ferreira, J.G., Heiskanen, A.S., Marques, J.C., Neto, J.M., Teixeira, H., Uusitalo, L., Uyarra, M.C., Zampoukas, N., (2013). Good Environmental Status of marine ecosystems: what is it and how do we know when we have attained it? Marine Pollution Bulletin 76, 16-27.

Borja, A., Elliott, M., Carstensen, J., Heiskane, A.S., van de Bund, W., (2010). Marine management- Towards an integrated implementation of the European Marine Strategy Framework and the Water Framework Directives. Marine Pollution Bulletin 60, 2175-2186.

Borum, J. Duarte, C.M., Krause-Jensen, D. Greve, T.M., (2004). European seagrasses: an introduction to monitoring and management. Monitoring and Managing of European Seagrasses Project (M&MS) 88 pp.

60

Boudouresque, C.F., Meinesz, A., (1982). Découverte de l'herbier de Posidonie. Cahier de Parc national de Port-Cros, France 4, 1-79.

Boudouresque, C.F., Bernard, G., Bonhomme, P., Charbonnel, E., Diviacco, G., Meinesz, A., Pergent, G., Pergent-Martini, C., Ruitton, S., Tunesi, L., (2006). Préservation et conservation des herbiers à Posidonia oceanica. Ramoge Publ.: Monaco, 200.

Boudouresque, C.F., Bernard, G., Pergent, G., Shili, A., Verlaque, M., (2009). Regression of Mediterranean seagrasses caused by natural processes and anthropogenic disturbances and stress: a critical review. Botanica Marina 52, 395–418.

Boudouresque, C.F., Meinesz, A., Ledoyer, M., Vitiello, P., (1994). Les herbiers à Phanérogames marines. In: Bellan-Santini D., Lacaze J.C. and Poizat C. (Eds), Les biocénoses marines et littorales de Méditerranée, synthèse, menaces et perspectives, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle publ.: Paris, 98-118

Boudouresque, C.F., Jeudy de Grissac, A., Meinesz, A., (1984). Relations entre la sédimentation et l’allongement des rhizomes orthotropes de Posidonia oceanica dans la baie d’Elbu (Corse). In: Boudouresque C.F., Jeudy de Grissac A. and Ollivier J. (Eds), First International Workshop on Posidonia oceanica beds. GIS Posidonie: Marseille, 185-191.

Buia, M.C., Gambi, M.C., Dappiano, M., (2004). Seagrass systems. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 11 (suppl. 1), 133-183.

Cash, D.W., Moser, S.C., (2000). Linking global and local scales: designing dynamic assessment and management processes. Global Environmental Change 10 (2), 109-120.

Cushing, D.H., Dickson, R.R., (1976). The biological response in the sea to climatic changes. Advanced in Marine Biology 14, 1-122.

Daily, G.C., Alexander, S., Ehrlich, P.R.,Goulder, L., Lubchenco, J., Matson, P.A., Mooney, H.A., Postel, S., Schneider, S.H., Tilman, D., Woodwell, G.M., (1997). Ecosystem services: benefits supplied to human societies by natural ecosystems. Issues in Ecology 2, 1-16.

Dalla Via, J., Sturmbauer, C., Schönweger, G., Sötz, E., Mathekowitsch, S., Stifter, M., Rieger, R., (1998). Light gradients and meadow structure in

Posidonia oceanica: ecomorphological and functional correlates. Marine Ecology Progress Series 163, 267–278.

61

Dean, R.G., Dalrymple, R.A., (2004). Coastal processes with engineering applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Duarte, C.M., (1991). Seagrass depth limits. Aquatic Botany 40, 363-377.

Duarte, C.M., (2002). The future of seagrass meadows. Environmental Conservation 29 (2), 192-206.

Duarte, C.M., Conley, D.J., Carstensen, J., Sánchez-Camacho, M., (2008). Return to Neverland: shifting baselines affect eutrophication restoration targets. Estuaries and Coasts 32 (1), 29-36.

EC, (2000). Directive 2000/60/EC of the European parliament and of the council, of 23 October 2000, establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Official Journal of the European Communities 2000 G.U.C.E. 22/12/2000, L 327.

EC, (2008). Directive 2008/56/EC of the European parliament and of the council, of 17 June 2008, establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive). Official Journal of the European Commission G.U.C.E. 25/6/2008, L 164/19.

EEC, (1992). Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora. Official Journal of the European Communities. No L 206 of 22 July 1992.

Foden, J., Brazier, D.P., (2007). Angiosperms (seagrass) within the EU Water Framework Directive: a UK perspective. MarinePollution Bulletin 55, 181-195. Gatti, G., Bianchi, C.N., Parravicini, V., Rovere, A., Peirano, A., Montefalcone, M., Massa, F., Morri, C., (2015). Ecological change, sliding baselines and the importance of historical data: lessons from combining observational and quantitative data on a temperate reef over 70 years. PLOS-One 10 (2), e0118581. Giovannetti, E., Lasagna, R., Montefalcone, M., Bianchi, M., Albertelli, G., Morri, C., (2008). Inconsistent responses to substratum nature in Posidonia

oceanica meadows: an integration through complexity levels. Chemistry and Ecology 24, 83-91.

Glémarec, M., (1979). Les fluctuations temporelles des peuplements benthiques liées aux fluctuations climatiques. Oceanologica Acta 2 (3), 365-371.

62

Gobert, S., Sartoretto, S., Rico-Raimondino, V., Andral, B., Chery, A., Lejeune, P., Boissery, P., (2009). Assessment of the ecological status of Mediterranean French coastal waters as required by the water framework directive using the Posidonia oceanica Rapid Easy Index: PREI. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58, 1727-1733.

Guza, R.T., Inman, D.L., (1975). Edge waves and beach cusps. Journal of Geophysical Research 80, 2997-3012.

Halpern, B.S.,Walbridge, S., Selkoe, K.A., Kappel, C.V., Micheli, F., D'Agrosa, C., Bruno, C.F., Casey, K.S., Ebert, C., Fox, H.E., Fujita, R., Perry, D., Selig, E.R., Spalding, M., Steneck, R., Heinemann, R., Lenihan, H.S., Madin, E.M.P., Matthew, T., (2008). A global map of human impact on marine ecosystems. Science 319, 948-952.

Hoegh, G.O., Bruno, J.F., (2010). The impact of climate change on the World’s marine ecosystems. Science 32 (8), 1523-1528.

ISPRA (2009) - Monitoraggio relativo alle praterie di Posidonia oceanica. Roma, ISPRA. MARANO G., PASTORELLI A.M., UNGARO N. (1998) – Canale d’Otranto: Ambiente e Comunità Biologiche. Biol. Mar. Mediterr., 5 (1), 1-10. Jackson, J.B.C., Sala, E., (2001). Unnatural oceans. Scientia Marina 65, 273-281. Jordà, G., Marbà, N., Duarte, C.M., (2012). Mediterranean seagrass vulnerable to

regional climate warming. Nature Climate Change 2, 821-824.

Kendrick, G.A., Lavery, P.S., (2001). Assessing biomass, assemblage structure and productivity of algal epiphytes on seagrasses. Glogal Seagrass Research Methods. Elsevier, Amesterdam, 199-222.

Kirkman, H., (1978). Decline of seagrass in northern areas of Moreton Bay, Queensland. Aquatic Botany 5, 63-76.

Leriche, A., Boudouresque, C.F., Bernard, G., Bonhomme, P., Denis, J., (2004). A one-century suite of seagrass bed maps: can we trust ancient maps? Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 59, 353-362.

Lopez y Royo, C., Casazza, G., Pergent-Martini, C., Pergent, G. (2010). A biotic index using the seagrass Posidonia oceanica (BiPo), to evaluate ecological status of coastal waters. Ecological Indicators,10(2), 380-389.

Marbà, N., Duarte, C.M., Cebrián, J., Gallegos, M.E., Olesen, B., Sand-Jensen, K., (1996). Growth and population dynamics of Posidonia oceanica on the

63

Spanish Mediterranean coast: elucidating seagrass decline. Marine Ecology Progress Series 137, 203–213.

Meinesz, A., Laurent, R., (1978). Cartographie et état de la limite inférieure de l’herbier de Posidonia oceanica dans les Alpes- Maritimes (France), Campagne Poseidon 1976. Botanica Marina 21, 513-526.

Meinesz, A., Lefèvre, J.R., (1984). Regeneration d’un herbier à Posidonia oceanica quarante années aprés sa destruction par une bombe dans la rade de Villefranche (Alpes Maritimes). In: Boudouresque C.F., Jeudy de Grissac A. and Olivier J. (Eds), First International Workshop on Posidonia oceanica bed. GIS Posidonie: Marseille, 39-44.

Meinesz, A., Lefevre, J.R., Astier, J.M. (1991). Impact of coastal development on the infralittoral zone along the southeastern Mediterranean shore of continental France. Marine Pollution Bulletin 23, 343-347.

Mellors, J.E., (1991). An evaluation of a rapid visual technique for estimating seagrass biomass. Aquatic Botany 42 (1), 67-73.

Migliaccio, M., De Martino, F, Silvestre, F., Procaccini, G., (2005). Meadow-scale genetic structure in Posidonia oceanica. Marine Ecology Progress Series 304, 55-65.

Milazzo, M., Badalamenti, F., Ceccherelli, G., Chemello, R., (2004). Boat anchoring on Posidonia oceanica beds in a marine protected area (Italy, western Mediterranean): effect of anchor types in different anchoring stages. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 299 (1), 51-62.

Molinier, R., Picard, J., (1952). Recherches sur les herbiers de Phanérogames marines du littoral méditerranéen français. Annales de l’Institut Océanographique 27 (3), 157-234.

Montefalcone, M., (2007). Relazione finale per l’anno zero del piano di monitoraggio della prateria di Posidonia oceanica presente sui fondali dell’area di progettazione del parco e marina di Baiaverde, Ospedaletti (IM), Genova: 98 pp. Montefalcone, M., (2009). Ecosystem health assessment using the Mediterranean

seagrass Posidonia oceanica: a review. Ecological Indicators 9 (4), 595-604. Montefalcone, M., Albertelli, G., Bianchi, C.N., Mariani, M., Morri, C., (2006a).

A new synthetic index and a protocol for monitoring the status of Posidonia oceanica meadows: a case study at Sanremo (Ligurian Sea, NW Mediterranean). Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 16 (1), 29-42.

64

Montefalcone, M., Albertelli, G., Morri, C., Parravicini, V., Bianchi, C.N., (2009). Legal protection is not enough: Posidonia oceanica meadows in marine protected areas are not healthier than those in unprotected areas of the northwest Mediterranean Sea. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58, 515–519.

Montefalcone, M., Bianchi, C.N., Morri, C., Albertelli, G., (2010). Monitoraggio della prateria di Posidonia oceanica nell’Area di Vado Ligure (SV). Relazione finale, Genova: 100 pp.

Montefalcone, M., Giovannetti, E., Lasagna, R., Parravicini, V., Morri, C., Albertelli, G., (2007a). Analisi diacronica della prateria di Posidonia oceanica nell’Area Marina Protetta di Bergeggi. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 14 (2), 82- 83.

Montefalcone, M., Giovanetti, E., Morri, C., Peirano, A., Bianchi, C.N., (2013a). Flowering of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica in the Ligurian Sea: is there a link with solar activity? Mediterranean Marine Science 14 (2), 416-423.

Montefalcone, M., Lasagna, R., Bianchi, C.N., Morri, C., Albertelli, G., (2006b). Anchoring damage on Posidonia oceanica meadow cover: a case study in Prelo Cove (Ligurian Sea, NW Mediterranean). Chemistry and Ecology 22 (1), 207- 217.

Montefalcone, M., Morri, C., Peirano, A., Albertelli, G., Bianchi, C.N., (2007b). Substitution and phase-shift in Posidonia oceanica meadows of NW Mediterranean Sea. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 75, 63-71.

Montefalcone, M., Rovere, A., Parravicini, V., Albertelli, G., Morri, C., Bianchi, C.N., (2013b). Evaluating change in seagrass meadows: a time-framed comparison of Side Scan Sonar maps. Aquatic Botany 104, 204-212.

Montefalcone, M., Vacchi, M., Morri, C., Ferrari, M., Bianchi, C.N., (2015). Seagrass ecosystems status between the sliding baseline syndrome and the need

for reference conditions. PeerJ PrePrints, DOI

org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.1018v1.

Moreno, D., Aguilera, P.A., Castro, H., (2001). Assessment of the conservation status of seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) meadows: implications for monitoring strategy and the decision-making process. Biological Conservation 102, 325- 332.

65

Okuş, E., Zeki, S., Demir, V., Demirel, N., Yüksek, A., Yilmaz, I.N., Aslan-Yilmaz, A., Karhan, S.U., Müftüoglu, A.E., Tural, U., Murat, E., Gazioglu, C., (2010). Anchor damage on Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile beds in the Gokova Bay. 39th CIESM Congress (Mediterranean Science Commission), 10-14 May 2010, Venice, Italy.

Okudan, E.S., Demi,r V., Kalkan, E., ve Karhan, S.Ü., (2011). Anchoring damage on seagrass meadows (Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile) in Fethiye-Göcek specially protected area (Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey).Journal of Coastal Research 61, 417-420.

Oprandi, A., (2013). Status of Posidonia oceanica meadows between Capo Vado and Capo Noli: diachronic analysis and influence of hydrodynamic constrains through the application of a predictive model. Master thesis in Marine Science, University of Genoa: 126 pp.

Oprandi, A., Montefalcone, M., Vacchi, M., Coppo, S., Diviacco, G., Morri, C, Ferrari, M,, Bianchi, C.N., (2014). Combining modelling and historical data to define the status of Posidonia oceanica meadows. In: Langar H., Bouafif C., Ouerghi A. (Eds), Proceedings of the 5th Mediterranean Symposium on Marine Vegetation (Portorož, Slovenia, 27-28 October 2014). UNEP/MAP – RAC/SPA, RAC/SPA publ.: Tunis, 119-124.

Orth, R.J.,Carruthers, T.J.B., Dennison, W.C., Duarte, C.M., Fourqurean, J.W., Heck, Jr. K.L., Hughes, A.R., Kendrick, G.A., Kenworthy, W.J., Olyarnik, S., Short, F.T., Waycott, M., Williams, S.L., (2006). A global crisis for seagrass ecosystems. Bioscience 56, 987-996.

Parravicini, V., Micheli, F., Montefalcone, M., Morri, C., Villa, E., Castellano, M., Povero, P., Bianchi, C.N., (2013). Conserving biodiversity in a human- dominated world: degradation of marine sessile communities within a protected area with conflicting human uses. PLOS-One 8 (10), e75767.

Parravicini, V., Rovere, A., Vassallo, P., Micheli, F., Montefalcone, M., Morri, C., Paoli, C., Albertelli, G., Fabiano, M., Bianchi, C.N., (2012). Understanding relationships between conflicting human uses and coastal ecosystems status: a geospatial modeling approach. Ecological Indicators 19, 253-263.

Pergent, G., (1990). Lepidochronological analysis in the seagrass Posidonia

66

Pergent, G., Pergent-Martini, C., (1988). Phenologie de Posidonia oceanica (Linnaeus) Delile dans le basin Mediterraneen. Annales de l’Institut Oceanographique. 64(2):79–100.

Pergent, G., Boudouresque, C.F., Crouzet, A., & Meinesz, A., (1989). Cyclic changes along Posidonia oceanica rhizomes (lepidochronology): present state and perspectives. Marine Ecology, 10(3), 221-230.

Pergent, G., Hocein, B., Bianchi, C.N., Boudouresque, C.F., Buia, M.C., Clabaut, P., Harmelin-Vivien, M., Mateo, M.A., Montefalcone, M., Morri, C., Orfanidis, S., Pergent-Martini, C., Semroud, R., Serrano, O., Verlaque, M., (2014). Climate change and Mediterranean seagrass meadows: a synopsis for environmental managers. Mediterranean Marine Science 15 (2), 462-473. Pergent, G., Pergent-Martini, C., Boudouresque, C.F., (1995). Utilisation de

l’herbier à Posidonie comme indicateur biologique de la qualité du milieu littoral en Méditerranée: état des connaissances. Mésogée 54, 3-27.

Pergent-Martini, C., Pasqualini, V., (2000). Seagrass population dynamics before and after the setting up of a wastewater treatment plant. Biologia Marina Mediterranea 7, 405-408.

Pergent-Martini, C., Leoni, V., Pasqualini, V., Ardizzone, G.D., Balestri, E., Bedini, R., Belluscio, A., Belsher, T., Borg, J., Boudouresque, C.F., Boumaza, S., Bouquegneau, J.M., Buia, M.C., Calvo, S., Cebrian, J., Charbonnel, E., Cinelli, F., Cossu, A., Maida, G., Dural, B., Francour, P., Gobert, S., Lepoint, G., Meinesz, A., Molenaar, H., Mansour, H.M., Panayotidis, P., Peirano, A., Pergent, G., Piazzi, L., Pirrotta, M., Relini, G., Romero, J., Sanchez-Lizaso, J.L., Semroud, R., Shembri, P., Shili, A., Tomasello, A., Velimirov, B., (2005). Descriptors of Posidonia oceanica meadows: use and application. Ecological Indicators 5, 213-230.

Picard, J., (1965). Importance, répartition et rôle du matériel organique végétal issu des prairies de posidonies. Rapport de la Commission Internationale pour l'Exploration Scientifique de la Mer Méditerranée 18 (2), 91-92.

Sand-Jensen, K., (1977). Effect of epiphytes on eelgrass photosynthesis. Aquatic Botany 3, 55–63.

67

Sandulli, R., Bianchi, C.N., Cocito, S., Morgigni, M., Peirano, A., Sgorbini, S., Silvestri, C., Morri, C., (1994). Status of some Posidonia oceanica meadows on the Ligurian coast influenced by the “Haven” oil spill. In: Albertelli G., Cattaneo-Vietti R., Picazzo M. (Eds.), Atti del 10° Congresso dell’Associazione Italiana di Oceanologia e Limnologia A.I.O.L., Genova: 277- 286.

Smith, M.J., (2003). Surf zone hydrodynamics. In: Demirbilek, Z. (Ed.), Coastal Engineering Manual, Part II, Coastal Hydrodynamics, Engineer manual 1110– 2- 1100. US Army corps of Engineers: Washington, DC (Chapter II-4).

Southward, A.J., Boalch, G.T., (1994). The effect of changing climate on marine life: paste vents and future predictions. Exeter Maritime Studies 9, 101-143. Southward, A.J., Hawkins, S.J., Burrows, M.T., (1995). Seventy years of changes

in the distribution and abundance of zooplankton and intertidal organisms in the western English Channel in relation to rising sea temperature. Journal of Thermal Biology 20, 127-155.

Stachowitsch, M., (2003). Research on intact marine ecosystems: a lost era. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46, 801-805.

Thrush, S.F., Hewitt, J.E., Hickey, C.W., Kelly, S., (2008). Multiple stressor effect identified from species abundance distribution: interaction between human contaminants and species habitat relationship. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 366, 160-168.

UNEP/MAP-RAC/SPA, (2009). Rapport sur le projet MedPosidonia. In: Rais C., Pergent G., Dupuy de la Grandrive R., Djellouli A. (Eds.), Document d’information pour la neuvième réunion des points focaux nationaux pour les ASP, Floriana-Malte. 3-6 Juin 2009, CAR/ASP Publ.: UNEP(DEPI)/MED WG.331/Inf.11, 1-107 + annex.

Vacchi, M., Montefalcone, M., Bianchi, C.N., Morri, C., Ferrari, M., (2012). Hydrodynamic constraints to the seaward development of Posidonia oceanica meadows. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 97, 58-65.

Vacchi, M., Montefalcone, M., Schiaffino, C.F., Parravicini, V., Bianchi, C.N., Morri, C., Ferrari, M., (2014). Towards a predictive model to assess the natural position of the Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows upper limit. Marine Pollution Bulletin 83 (2): 458–466.

68

Vassallo, P., Paoli, C., Rovere, A., Montefalcone, M., Morri, C., Bianchi C.N., (2013). The value of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica: a natural capital assessment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 75, 157-167.

Vetere, M., Pessani, D., (1987). Morfologia e fruttificazione della prateria di

Posidonia oceanica di Bergeggi (Liguria). Oebalia 15 (1), 351-354.

Vetere, M., Pessani, D., Gruppo Biologia Marina SSP, (1989). La prateria di

Posidonia oceanica di Diano Marina (Liguria): la struttura a “cordoni”. Oebalia 15 (1) 345-350.

Waycott, M., Duarte, C.M., Carruthers, T.J.B., Orth, R.J., Dennison, W.C., Olyarnik, S., Calladine, A., Fourqurean, J.W., Heck, Jr. K.L., Hughes, A.R., Kendrick, G.A., Kenworthy, W.J., Short F.T., Williams, S.L., (2009). Accelerating loss of seagrasses across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106 (30), 12377-12381. Wilkinson, C.R., Buddemeier, R.W., (1994). Global climate change and coral reefs:

implications for people and reefs. Report of the UNEP-IOC-ASPEI-IUCN Global Task Team on the implications of climate change on coral reefs. IUCN: Gland, Switzerland,134.

69 EKLER

Benzer Belgeler