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WATER POLLUTION and CONTROL

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Academic year: 2021

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Radionucleides originate from natural sources due to leaching from minerals. Radioactive materials enter human body through water and food, and may be accumulated in blood and certain vital organs. They cause tumours and cancer.

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Various industries, nuclear power plants and thermal plants require water for cooling and the resultant hot water is often discharged into rivers or lakes.

Higher temperature lowers the dissolved oxygen level (which is very essential for aquatic life) by decreasing the solubility of oxygen in water.

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Soil particles carried to streams, lakes or oceans form the sediments.

The sediment become polluting due to their large amount.

The sediments may damage the water body by introducing a large amount of nutrient matter.

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Petroleum products are widely used for fuel, lubrication, plastics manufacturing, etc. and happen to be poisonous in nature.

Crude oil and other related products generally get into water by accidental spillage from ships, tankers, pipelines etc.

Besides these accidental spills, oil refineries, oil exploration sites and automobile service centres pollute different water bodies.

Oil slick which floats on the water surface causes death of marine life and severely affects the ecosystem of the ocean.

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