Abstract:This study included 33 hyperthyroid patients (13 males and 20 females) and 32 hypothyroid patients. Control group (33 individuals) included 18 males and 15 females. Blood samples were collected and serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8 were measured and statistically assessed. The values of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2R, IL-6, IL-8 were
significantly increased in hyperthyroid patients when compared with controls (P<0.002, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0,001, p<0.001 respectively). The serum levels of TNF-&alpha;, IL-6, IL-8 were significantly decreased in hypothyroid patients when compared with controls (P<0.002, p<0,001, P<0,001 respectively). Whereas serum values of IL-1&beta; and IL-2R were significantly increased. It can be thought that the levels of these cytokines may be valid in monitoring therapy of these patients.