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Östenitik paslanmaz çeliklerin kaynak kabiliyeti ve mekanik özelliklere etkilerinin incelenmesi

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(4) ødø1'(.ø/(5. 7(ù(..h5 ................................................................................................................. ii ødø1'(.ø/(5 ........................................................................................................... iii 6ø0*(/(59(.,6$/70$/$5/ø67(6ø .............................................................. vi ù(.ø//(5/ø67(6ø ................................................................................................. vii 7$%/2/$5/ø67(6ø ................................................................................................. x g=(7 ......................................................................................................................... xi SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... xii %g/h0.1. *ø5øù .......................................................................................................................... 1 %g/h0 3$6/$10$=d(/ø./(5 ......................................................................................... 4 2.1. 3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHULQ7DULKoHVL ................................................................... 4 2.2. 3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHUYHg]HOOLNOHUL ............................................................... 5 2.3. 3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHULQ)L]LNVHOg]HOOLNOHUL ................................................... 6 2.4. 3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHULQ0HNDQLNg]HOOLNOHUL ................................................. 9 2.5. 3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHULQ6DKLS2OGX÷X)D]'L\DJUDPODUÕ ............................ 11 2.6. $ODúÕP(OHPHQWOHULQLQ3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHUH(WNLVL .................................. 15 2.6.1. Karbon .............................................................................................. 16 2.6.2. Azot .................................................................................................. 16 2.6.3. $OPLQ\XP ...................................................................................... 16 2.6.4. Molibden .......................................................................................... 16 2.6.5. Niyobyum......................................................................................... 17 2.6.6. Krom ................................................................................................ 17 2.6.7. Silisyum ........................................................................................... 17 iii.

(5) 2.6.8. Nikel ................................................................................................ 17 2.6.9. .NUWIRVIRUYHVHOHQ\XP .............................................................. 17 2.6.10. Titanyum ........................................................................................ 18 2.7. )HUULWLN3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHU ....................................................................... 18 2.8. gVWHQLWLN3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHU .................................................................... 21 2.9. 0DUWHQ]LWLN3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHU ................................................................ 25 2.10. 'XEOHNV3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHU ................................................................... 27 2.11. d|NHOPH6HUWOHúPHOL3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHU ............................................... 28 %g/h0.3. g67(1ø7ø. 3$6/$10$= d(/ø./(5ø1 .$<1$ö, 9( .$5ù,/$ù,/$1 PROBLEMLER««««««««««««««««««««««««««30 3.1. gVWHQLWLN3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHULQ.D\QD÷Õ .................................................. 30 3.2. gVWHQLWLN3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHULQ.D\QDNODQDELOLUOL÷L ................................. 31 3.3. gVWHQLWLN3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHUH8\JXODQDQ.D\QDN<|QWHPOHUL ............... 33 3.4. 7,*.D\QD÷Õ ............................................................................................. 34 3.4.1. 7,*ND\QDNGRQDQÕPÕ ...................................................................... 37 3.4.2. 7,*ND\QDNHOHNWURWODUÕ .................................................................... 39 3.4.3. 7,*ND\QD÷ÕQGDNXOODQÕODQNRUX\XFXJD]ODU .................................... 41 3.4.4. 7,*.D\QDN<|QWHPLQLQ8\JXODPD$ODQODUÕ .................................. 46 3.4.5. 7,*.D\QDN<|QWHPLQLQ$YDQWDMYH'H]DYDQWDMODUÕ ....................... 47 3.5. 'L÷HU.D\QDN<|QWHPOHUL ......................................................................... 48 3.5.1. 0,*ND\QD÷Õ .................................................................................... 48 3.5.2. (OHNWULNDUNND\QD÷Õ ......................................................................... 51 3.5.3. 7R]DOWÕND\QD÷Õ ................................................................................ 52 3.5.4. 3OD]PDDUNND\QD÷Õ .......................................................................... 53 3.5.5. /D]HUÕúÕQÕLOHND\QDN ....................................................................... 54 3.5.6. *D]HULWPHND\QD÷Õ .......................................................................... 55 3.6. gVWHQLWLN3DVODQPD]dHOLNOHULQ.D\QD÷ÕQGD.DUúÕODúÕODQ Problemler ...... 55 3.6.1. .URPNDUEUo|NHOPHVLYHWDQHOHUDUDVÕNRUR]\RQ .......................... 56 3.6.2. 6ÕFDNoDWODNROXúXPX ....................................................................... 59 3.6.3. 6LJPDID]ROXúXPX ........................................................................... 62. iv.

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(10). ASTM. : American Society for Testing Materials. AWS. : Amerikan Kaynak Derne÷i. DIN. : $OPDQ(QGVWUL1RUPODUÕ. E. : (ODVWLNOLNPRGO. EDS. : Enerji da÷ÕOÕPÕVSHNURPHWUHVL. EN. : Avrupa Normu. FN. : )HUULWQXPDUDVÕ. HMK. : +DFLPPHUNH]OLNELN. ITAB. : IVÕQÕQWHVLULDOWÕQGDNLE|OJH. MPa. : Megapascal. SEM. : 7DUDPDOÕHOHFWURQPLNURVNREX. TS. : 7UN6WDQGDUWODUÕ. TSE. : 7UN6WDQGDUWODUÕ(QVWLWV. YMK. : <]H\PHUNH]OLNELN. Į. : Ferrit. Į'. : Kromca zengin ferrit. Ȗ. : gVWHQLW. į. : Delta ferrit. ı. : 6LJPDID]Õ. vi.

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(12)  ............................ 41 ùHNLOdHúLWOLNRUX\XFXJD]ODUÕQND\QDNGLNLúLQLQúHNOLQHYHQIX]L\HWLQHHWNLVL42 ùHNLO$U- O2, Ar - CO2 ve CO2 JD]ODUÕQÕQGLNLúúHNOLQHYHQIX]L\HWHHWNLVL .... 43 ùHNLO*D]DOWÕND\QDN\|QWHPLQGHNXOODQÕODQJD]ODUÕQVÕFDNOÕ÷DED÷OÕRODUDNÕVÕO LOHWNHQOLNOHULQLQGH÷LúLPL ........................................................................... 46 ùHNLO  &U1L  &

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(18) EXOXQXúDODQODUÕ . 64 ùHNLO2SWLNPLNURVNRSDOWÕQGDVLJPDID]ÕQÕQJ|UQú ..................................... 65 ùHNLO7DUDPDOÕHOHNWURQPLNURVNREXDOWÕQGDVLJPDID]ÕQÕQJ|UQú ............... 65 ùHNLO1XPXQHOHULQ6FKDHIIOHUGL\DJUDPÕQGDJ|VWHULPL ...................................... 67 ùHNLOdHNPHWHVWQXPXQHVL|OoOeri .................................................................... 69 ùHNLO(÷PHGHQH\LQLQX\JXODQÕúÕ ....................................................................... 70 ùHNLO$,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDOJHULOPH- X]DPDJUDIL÷L .................. 74 ùHNLO $,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNOÕJHULOPH- X]DPDJUDIL÷L .................... 74 ùHNLO$,6,7LQXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDOJHULOPH- uzama grafi÷L ................. 75 ùHNLO$,6,7LQXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNOÕJHULOPH- X]DPDJUDIL÷L .................. 75 ùHNLO$,6,6QXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDOJHULOPH- X]DPDJUDIL÷L .................. 76 ùHNLO$,6,6QXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNOÕJHULOPH- X]DPDJUDIL÷L .................... 76 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLWDQD metal gerilme - X]DPDJUDIL÷L .................... 77 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNOÕJHULOPH- X]DPDJUDIL÷L ...................... 77 ùHNLO$,6,/NDOLWHSDVODQPD]oHOLNVHUWOLNGH÷HUOHUL .................................... 80 ùHNLO$,6,7LNDOLWHSDVODQPD]oHOLNVHUWOLNGH÷HUOHUL ................................ 80 ùHNLO$,6,6NDOLWHSDVODQPD]oHOLNVHUWOLNGH÷HUOHUL .................................. 81 ùHNLO$,6,NDOLWHSDVODQPD]oHOLNVHUWOLNGH÷HUOHUL .................................... 81 ùHNLO$,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLWRSWLNPLNURVNRSJ|UQWOHUL ......................... 84 ùHNLO$,6,7LQXPXQHVLQHDLWRSWLNPLNURVNRSJ|UQWOHUL ........................ 85 ùHNLO$,6, 6QXPXQHVLQHDLWRSWLNPLNURVNRSJ|UQWOHUL ......................... 85 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLWRSWLNPLNURVNRSJ|UQWOHUL ........................... 86 ùHNLO$,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLW6(0J|UQWOHUL ........................................... 87 ùHNLO$,6,7LQXPXQHVLQHDLW6(0J|UQWOHUL .......................................... 88 ùHNLO$,6, 6QXPXQHVLQHDLW6(0J|UQWOHUL ........................................... 88 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLW6(0J|UQWOHUL ............................................. 89 ùHNLO$,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDO('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ .................... 90 viii.

(19) ùHNLO$,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDOQRNWDVDO('6DQDOL]JUDILNOHUL ..... 90 ùHNLO$,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLW,7$%('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ .......................... 91 ùHNLO$,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLW,7$%QRNWDVDO('6DQDOL]JUDILNOHUL ........... 91 ùHNLO$,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNE|OJHVL('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ ............ 92 ùHNLO$,6,/QXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNE|OJHVL('6JUDILNOHUL ..................... 92 ùHNLO$,6,7LQXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDO('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ ................... 94 ùHNLO$,6,Ti numunesine ait ana metal EDS grafikleri ............................. 94 ùHNLO$,6,7LQXPXQHVLQHDLW,7$%('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ ......................... 95 ùHNLO$,6,7LQXPXQHVLQHDLW,7$%('6JUDILNOHUL ................................... 95 ùHNLO$,6,7LQXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNE|OJHVL('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ .......... 96 ùHNLO$,6,7LQXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNE|OJHVL('6JUDILNOHUL .................... 96 ùHNLO$,6,6QXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDO('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ .................... 98 ùHNLO$,6,6QXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDOE|OJHVL('6JUDILNOHUL .................. 98 ùHNLO$,6,6QXPXQHVLQHDLW,7$%('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ ........................... 99 ùHNLO$,6,6QXPXQHVLQHDLW,7$%('6JUDILNOHUL .................................... 99 ùHNLO$,6,6QXPXQHVLQHDLW ND\QDNE|OJHVL('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ .......... 100 ùHNLO$,6,6QXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNE|OJHVL('6JUDILNOHUL .................... 100 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDO('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ ..................... 102 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLWDQDPHWDO('6JUDILNOHUL ............................... 102 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLW,7$%('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ ........................... 103 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLW,7$%('6JUDILNOHUL ..................................... 103 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNE|OJHVL ('6DQDOL]QRNWDODUÕ ............ 104 ùHNLO$,6,QXPXQHVLQHDLWND\QDNE|OJHVL('6JUDILNOHUL ...................... 104. ix.

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(22) WELDABILITY OF AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS AND INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES SUMMARY. Key Words: Austenitic Staniless Steel, TIG Welding, Mechanical Properties, Microstructre In recent years our country ± parallel with the world ± demand of stainless steel is increasing with each passing day. Besides with the development of industry also welding fabrication has spread quickly. Stainless steel, which is rapidly spreading use of the last 25 years, is a very important material group. High level of corrosion resistance in stainless steels, to be used in low and high temperature, easy to be shaped and aesthetic appearance provide these materials a wide area of use. TIG welding method has a wide area of application in our country and this is increasing day by day. In this process, an arc is generated between a non consumable tungsten electrode and the work pieces. The arc zone is protected from atmospheric contamination by an inert shielding gas which is sent from nozzle. The filler rod is a wire like other methods and it is given by a welder to weld area. In this study, AISI 304L, 316Ti, 321 and 310S type austenitic stainless steels which were great importance in industry were joined with TIG welding method and the effects on weldability, mechanical properties, and microstructure were investigated.. xii.

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